IJCRT Peer-Reviewed (Refereed) Journal as Per New UGC Rules.
ISSN Approved Journal No: 2320-2882 | Impact factor: 7.97 | ESTD Year: 2013
Scholarly open access journals, Peer-reviewed, and Refereed Journals, Impact factor 7.97 (Calculate by google scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool) , Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Indexing in all major database & Metadata, Citation Generator, Digital Object Identifier(CrossRef DOI)
| IJCRT Journal front page | IJCRT Journal Back Page |
Paper Title: IMPACT OF ECOTOURISM ON COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ANDHRA PRADESH
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107156
Register Paper ID - 209809
Title: IMPACT OF ECOTOURISM ON COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ANDHRA PRADESH
Author Name(s): KAKUMANU RAJESH, Dr. P. PURNA CHANDRA RAO
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: b277-b284
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1266
Ecotourism is one of the evolving concepts in tourism in India. The fondness of people toward spending their holidays quietly away from the busy city life and close to nature has greatly increased in recent years. Several studies on tourism have pointed that ecotourism considerably impacts the normal life of local communities living in the adjacent regions of ecotourism spots in more than one aspect. In this study, the impacts of ecotourism on the social, economic, cultural, ecological factors and sustainable development of community and upliftment of the standard of living of community members in the regions around ecotourism projects are explored. The sample of respondents of the study included 300 community members living in the regions adjacent and the ecotourism locations. The study was conducted in three ecotourism locations in the state of Andhra Pradesh like Nallamalai Jungle Camp, Orvakal Rock Garden, and Belum Caves. A descriptive study was adopted and data were collected from the community members to study their perception of ecotourism and how it impacts their everyday life. The results of the empirical findings revealed that ecotourism has significantly impacted the community in terms of different factors like social, cultural, economic, and ecological factors. The study has several implications for the promotion and development of ecotourism and enhancement of quality-of-life community members living in those eco-tourism regions.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Ecotourism, Sustainable Development, Forest Management, etc.
Paper Title: YERRAGUNTLA PERAIAH AND THE TELUGU BAPTIST CHRISTIANS IN PRAKASAM DISTRICT
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107155
Register Paper ID - 209775
Title: YERRAGUNTLA PERAIAH AND THE TELUGU BAPTIST CHRISTIANS IN PRAKASAM DISTRICT
Author Name(s): Dr.K.V.N. Raju
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: b270-b276
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1251
A brief outline of the back ground of the Baptist Mission needs to be discussed. It was a strange providence that gave to Rev.Samuel S Day the undevided honour of being the founder of the Telugu Baptist mission in Telugus. Baptist Board appointed Rev.Samuel S.Day and Rev. E.L.Abbott to open a Mission among the Telugus on 22, September,1835.1 But Rev. E.L.Abbott was sent to Burma. On 27th February, 1840 Rev.Samuel S.Day along with his wife arrived at Nellore after serving for some years at Vizag, Srikakulam, Madras and established the Telugu Baptist Mission. Six years of his faithful labors had so little apparent results that the supporters in America were planning to give up the Telugu work as hopeless.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Baptist Mission, Providence etc.
Paper Title: ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERNS OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUOGINOSA ISOLATED FROM VARIOUS CLINICAL SAMPLES (SPUTUM AND PUS)
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107154
Register Paper ID - 209800
Title: ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERNS OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUOGINOSA ISOLATED FROM VARIOUS CLINICAL SAMPLES (SPUTUM AND PUS)
Author Name(s): SADHVI PALIWAL, KALPANA SHARMA
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: b265-b269
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1210
A significant proportion of nosocomial and many infections are contributed by the Pseudomonas spp. major changes were observed from time to time in Pseudomonas sp. prevalence and multidrug-resistant (MDR) with enormous morbidity and mortality. The spread of antimicrobial resistance has now become a worldwide issue as a consequence of the haphazard use of antimicrobials. Place and duration: This study was done in the Department of Microbiology, Novus Path Labs, India and Nepal and its associates Hospitals. Pseudomonas sp. was isolated from different clinical samples like sputum, pus. Identification of Pseudomonas sp. was done by biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Data Analysis was done by percentage method. Extended-spectrum ?-lactamase (ESBLs) production was detected by the combined disc diffusion test. Sensitivity was seen in colistin and polymyxin B-100%, meropenem-86.58% and piperacillin-tazobactam- 82.92%. Resistance was seen in co-trimoxazole-80.48%, cefixime-82.92%, cefoperazone/sulbactam-59.75% and ciprofloxacin- 39.02%.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Antibiotic susceptibility test (AST), Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Multiple drug resistance (MDR), Extended-spectrum ?-lactamase (ESBL)
Paper Title: AN ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF MOTHERHOOD IN KAVILEPATTU
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107153
Register Paper ID - 209792
Title: AN ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF MOTHERHOOD IN KAVILEPATTU
Author Name(s): Dr Aiswariya M
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: b261-b264
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1145
KR Meera
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
AN ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF MOTHERHOOD IN KAVILEPATTU
Paper Title: AN OVERVIEW AND STRUCTURE OF KARNATAKA STATE ROAD TRANSPORT CORPORATION (KSRTC)
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107152
Register Paper ID - 209339
Title: AN OVERVIEW AND STRUCTURE OF KARNATAKA STATE ROAD TRANSPORT CORPORATION (KSRTC)
Author Name(s): Vishwesh Hiremath, Prof. R. N. Mangoli
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: b255-b260
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1382
Transportation in India involves shipping and travelling by land, water and air. Public transport is the primary mode of road transport for most of the Indian citizens, and India's public transport systems are among the most heavily used in the world. The present research work deals with public transportation of Karnataka state, which includes the history of the transportation, public transportation, structure of public transportation system in Karnataka and introductory details of the Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC).
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Public Transportation, KSRTC
Paper Title: SMART FARMING USING SENSORS FOR AGRICULTURAL TASK AUTOMATION AND FENCING SYSTEM
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107151
Register Paper ID - 209788
Title: SMART FARMING USING SENSORS FOR AGRICULTURAL TASK AUTOMATION AND FENCING SYSTEM
Author Name(s): Shanbhag Atish Manoj, Shwetha M S, Sneha K Bakale, Sinchana, Vidya
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: b246-b254
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1201
Smart farming relies heavily on the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT sensors capable of supplying information on their agriculture areas have given rise to the concept of smart farming. The goal of the article is to use emerging technology, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and smart agriculture with automation. The main component in increasing the production of efficient crops is to monitor environmental conditions. This paper's main feature is that it uses several sensors to monitor temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and rainfall in an agricultural area. The Pi Camera is connected to take photographs and videos, which are then sent to the appropriate email address using an SMTP server.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Temperature, Humidity, Soil Moisture, Fencing System
Paper Title: STUDY ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PARTOGRAM AMONG GNM STUDENTS
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107150
Register Paper ID - 209779
Title: STUDY ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PARTOGRAM AMONG GNM STUDENTS
Author Name(s): Mrs. K. Geetha,, Dr. S. Rajalakshmi, Dr. K. Cheran
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: b243-b245
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1310
Prolonged labour is a leading cause of death among mothers and newborns in developing countries. partograph is the part of the midwifery tool of practice used every day, it is a management tool for prevention of prolonged labour. Aim: the aim of the study To assess the knowledge score of GNM students regarding partograph and To compare pre and post test core by using teaching program among final year GNM students. Material and methods: pre-experimental study was carried out the study data was collected by using Convenient Sampling Technique among 50 GNM students studying school of nursing at Karaika. Result: reveals that mean difference of pre-test and post-test was 11.12 and calculated t value is 11.76this was found to be significant. It shows that research hypothesis was accepted. Conclusion: there is no relationship found between knowledge score and selected demographic variable.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Knowledge, Partograph, Teaching programme, GNM students
Paper Title: MUMBAI FLOODS- CASE STUDY ON FLOODS IN RECLAIMED CITY
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107149
Register Paper ID - 209778
Title: MUMBAI FLOODS- CASE STUDY ON FLOODS IN RECLAIMED CITY
Author Name(s): Chirag Ramesh Gudhka, Sahil Shrikant Bhandari, Pritesh Sudhir Morankar, Aayush Deepak Badade
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: b234-b242
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1398
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Mumbai, Mithi River, Floods, Worli, Reclamation, Flood Control
Paper Title: EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AT WORK PLACE –A STUDY AMONG THE UNIVERSITY TEACHERS
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107148
Register Paper ID - 209597
Title: EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AT WORK PLACE –A STUDY AMONG THE UNIVERSITY TEACHERS
Author Name(s): Dr.Akthar Parveen
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: b226-b233
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1169
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Keywords: University, Faculty, Emotional Intelligence.
Paper Title: EXCAVATOR BUCKET LIFE IMPROVEMENT BY MEANS OF WEIGHT OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUE AND IT DYNAMIC BALANCING FOR BETTER EFFICIENCY WITH THE HELP OF CAD/CAE TOOL
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107147
Register Paper ID - 209620
Title: EXCAVATOR BUCKET LIFE IMPROVEMENT BY MEANS OF WEIGHT OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUE AND IT DYNAMIC BALANCING FOR BETTER EFFICIENCY WITH THE HELP OF CAD/CAE TOOL
Author Name(s): Ajinkya vijay nardange, Dr. S. P. Trikal, Prof. N. B. Borkar
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: b220-b225
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1255
Excavator bucket performs heavy duty work as a earth movers. Several high pressure- high impact loads come on the teeth of the bucket. Sudden impact on earth surface, high stresses and shearing loads try to damage bucket every time. But the bucket must overcome from all the forces and loads which are directly and indirectly affect the performance efficiency. After some duration the dynamic stability of bucket also get affected due to heavy duty work. Sometimes the modification is done to improve the life of bucket by means of attaching the extra metal plates. But by this the weight of the bucket gets increased. The dynamic stability of bucket is very important for bucket which may lose by increase in weight. Excavator bucket life is the very important issue, because it fails to complete its designed life. The major reason behind this failure is its working environment and modes of operations. Excavator buckets are designed to work in worst conditions, situations for long duration of time. During its working bucket undergoes with great amount of stresses, loads, jerks, deformations and it would be very difficult to withstand in such situations. In this paper the design of bucket is tested in CAE tools. Also, the CAD tool will help for the creation of virtual excavator bucket design. Several tests like, structural analysis, vibration analysis, shape optimization, crash test etc. will give the behavior of excavator bucket during working condition. Also, the change in bucket material may provide the extra dimension to the study. Hence the complete dynamic performance is checked by applying loads with respect to time and cycles. Collective results will give the helpful conclusions which will improve the bucket life. Again, by changing the design and performing all related test will provide the optimized design solution for the excavator bucket life improvement which is the main aim of this project.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Excavator Bucket, CAD Tool, CAE Tool
Paper Title: AN EFFICIENT FRAMEWORK FOR SECURED DATA MIGRATION IN HYBRID CLOUD COMPUTING ENVIRONMENT
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107146
Register Paper ID - 209774
Title: AN EFFICIENT FRAMEWORK FOR SECURED DATA MIGRATION IN HYBRID CLOUD COMPUTING ENVIRONMENT
Author Name(s): MARIA KIRAN L, PREETHI S
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: b207-b219
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1170
Cloud computing is a new paradigm that combines several computing concepts and technologies of the Internet creating a platform for more agile and cost-effective business applications and IT infrastructure. This is advantageous in several applications. One of the most popular services of cloud computing is data outsourcing, which is constantly carried out to hybrid or public cloud. For reasons of cost and convenience, as many large enterprises such as personal health records, emails, income tax and financial reports move their business-critical data and applications to the cloud and enjoy the benefits of remote storage and management. But the confidentiality and security of data is being the major concern. In this paper, we provide a data security analysis and solution for privacy protection framework during data migration. A Secure Socket Layer (SSL) is established with the AWS cloud services and a migration ticket with minimum privilege is introduced. Further, data encryption is done using Prediction Based Encryption (PBE) where the ticket holds the ID and the password for encryption process and the password should match for the decryption process to retrieve the source file from cloud environment.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
AWS (Amazon Web Service), SSL (Secure Shell Layer), PBE (Password Based Encryption), SNS (Simple Notification Service) SES (Simple Email Service), GUI (Graphical User-Interface)
Paper Title: DIFFERENT E- LEARNING METHODS STATISTICAL CASE STUDY
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107145
Register Paper ID - 209698
Title: DIFFERENT E- LEARNING METHODS STATISTICAL CASE STUDY
Author Name(s): Dr.Ambika N
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: b198-b206
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1180
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
HCI, Education, learning methodology, statistical approach, ANOVA
Paper Title: DOCKING AND DFT ANALYSIS OF ORGANIC 3-METHYL SALICYLIC ACID
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107144
Register Paper ID - 206978
Title: DOCKING AND DFT ANALYSIS OF ORGANIC 3-METHYL SALICYLIC ACID
Author Name(s): M.Govindarajan
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: b165-b197
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1400
In this work, the experimental and theoretical on the structure of the molecule was studied. The conformational analysis was used through the potential surface scan in order to determine the most optimized geometry of the 3-methyl salicylic acid molecule (3MESA).The FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra were recorded. The molecular geometry and vibrational frequencies in the ground state were calculated by using the Hartree-Fock (HF) and density functional theory (DFT) methods (B3LYP) with 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. Comparison of the observed fundamental vibrational frequencies of 3MESA with calculated results by HF and DFT indicates that B3LYP is excellent to HF method for molecular vibrational problems. The deviations between the observed and calculated wavenumber values are very small. The theoretically calculated FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of the title molecule have been constructed. A study on the electronic properties, such as HOMO, HOMO-1, LUMO and LUMO+1 energies were performed by this molecule. Molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) and thermodynamic properties were performed. The molecular docking activity is available in target amino acids and the analysis is for both anticipating and analyzing the molecular mechanisms of ligand recognition. Mulliken atomic charges of 3MESA was calculated and compared with molecule. Natural bond orbital analysis (NBO) has been carried out to explain the charge transfer or its delocalization due to the intra-molecular interaction among bonds. Keywords: Vibrational spectra; 3-methyl salicylic acid; HF and DFT calculations; HOMO-LUMO.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Vibrational spectra; 3-methyl salicylic acid; HF and DFT calculations; HOMO-LUMO.
Paper Title: HEALTH INFORMATION AMONG STUDENTS: A SURVEY STUDY
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107143
Register Paper ID - 209773
Title: HEALTH INFORMATION AMONG STUDENTS: A SURVEY STUDY
Author Name(s): Hamengamon Kharsynniang
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: b161-b164
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1174
Abstract: Health information is very crucial to develop certain healthy lifestyles. Access to the right health information will help individuals develop the right health behavior (Chen, Li, Liang, & Tsai, 2018). Students are gradually moving towards the internet seeking for health information. Most young adults use social networking sites to get their health information (Kim & Syn, 2016). However, there are still other sources where students prefer to get their health information. A Study among US College students report that students prefer health centre medical staff, health educators, faculty or coursework, and parents as believable sources (Vader, Walters, Roudsari, & Nguyen, 2011). This study aims at investigating the sources of health information received by students. This study answers to the question, what are the sources students seek to learn about health? A survey study was employed to determine the sources of health information. A sample of 52 students from all the faculties was taken randomly. Forty four percent reported that they received their health information from parents, family and friends and 36% received from the internet and 17% received either from health care professionals or other sources. Out of those that received health information from the internet, 52% reported that they received their health information from youtube and 35% received from whatsapp.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Health information, Students
Paper Title: SCREENING OF ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF TWO DIFFERENT SOLVENT EXTRACT FROM THE LEAVES OF CHROZOPHORA ROTTLERIAGAINST PATHOGENIC BACTERIA
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107142
Register Paper ID - 209743
Title: SCREENING OF ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF TWO DIFFERENT SOLVENT EXTRACT FROM THE LEAVES OF CHROZOPHORA ROTTLERIAGAINST PATHOGENIC BACTERIA
Author Name(s): OLINILA T, PRAKASH K, BAMA P, SANKARANARAYANAN S
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: b154-b160
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1202
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Chrozophora rottleri, chloroform and methanol extract, inhibition of bacterial
Paper Title: ANTIFUNGAL EFFICIENCY OF SOME HERBAL PLANTS : UPDATED REVIEW.
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107141
Register Paper ID - 209748
Title: ANTIFUNGAL EFFICIENCY OF SOME HERBAL PLANTS : UPDATED REVIEW.
Author Name(s): Shubham Navnath Abhang, Shradha Arun Dalvi, Aishwarya Narayan Pise
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: b149-b153
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1172
The incidence of fungal infection is increasing an alarming rate, presenting an enormous pressure of challenge to healthcare professional for their diagnosis and treatment. Infectious disease represents a critical problem to health and they are in of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Ayurveda is time tested science. From ancient to present era its principles never changed. With great logics it cures all types of disease. Since ancient time, plants have been exemplary source of medicine. keeping this view in mind present study work conducted to screen antifungal activity of various infection. Ayurveda medicines along with good hygiene and some lifestyle modification gives best result. The review presented gives the information concerning the Ayurveda remedies.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
fungal infection, Ayurveda, antifungal activity, Lifestyle modification.
Paper Title: AGENT BASED DATA SECURITY APPROACH FOR HYBRID CLOUD COMPUTING
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107140
Register Paper ID - 209771
Title: AGENT BASED DATA SECURITY APPROACH FOR HYBRID CLOUD COMPUTING
Author Name(s): SHRAVYA SUDHA O, PANKAJA K
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: b140-b148
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1139
Cloud Computing sees a technical and cultural shift of computing service provision from being provided locally to being provided remotely, and en masse, by third-party service providers. Users have lost control over the protection of their data: No longer is our data kept under our own watchful eyes. In general, an information security approach estimates the risk, where the risk is to occur due to an unusual event, and the associated consequences for cloud organizations. Information Security and Risk Management (ISRA) practices vary among cloud organizations and disciplines. There are several approaches to compare existing risk management methods for cloud organizations but their scope is limited considering stereotype criteria, rather than developing an agent-based task that considers all aspects of the associated risk. It is the lack of considering all existing renowned risk management frameworks, their proper comparison, and agent techniques that motivate this research. This paper proposes an Agent-Based Information Security Framework for Hybrid Cloud Computing as an all-inclusive method including cloud-related methods to review and compare existing different renowned methods for cloud computing risk issues and by adding new tasks from surveyed methods.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Lambda services , Hybrid cloud , SQS ,SNS SES services ,Dynamo DB, Encryption , IP & MAC Address ,SSH(perm file )
Paper Title: TABLETS WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON FORMULATION AND COATING DEFECTS
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107139
Register Paper ID - 209645
Title: TABLETS WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON FORMULATION AND COATING DEFECTS
Author Name(s): Dr.G.R.Godge
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: b124-b139
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1279
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Paper Title: CLOUD COMPUTING AND BUSINESS ACCOUNTING
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107138
Register Paper ID - 209700
Title: CLOUD COMPUTING AND BUSINESS ACCOUNTING
Author Name(s): Akshata D. Patankar, Prof. Prashant P. Patil
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: b121-b123
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1175
The description of cloud computing and use of cloud accounting in businesses its impacts , risks, benefits etc. of industries.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Impacts of cloud Accounting, Benefits, Risks, Cloud Accounting ,Cloud Computing
Paper Title: Breaking the stereotypes: A Historical Analysis of Gender `Justice` in Tagore`s Short Stories.
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107137
Register Paper ID - 209753
Title: BREAKING THE STEREOTYPES: A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF GENDER `JUSTICE` IN TAGORE`S SHORT STORIES.
Author Name(s): Mr. Rajib Sarkar
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: b110-b120
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1315
Abstract: This paper attempts to analyse the gender issues, roles, dimensions, depths and social historical perspectives of and towards women in 'British' India as depicted in Tagore's writings. But before going through that course, it's relevant to comprehend the backdrop of the theme. Since time immemorial, stories have been sources of joy, inspiration, belief, fantasy and more importantly it was to pass time. But such oral traditions later metamorphosed into manuscripts and centuries later into printed literary works. And such work, be it oral or printed, reflected the contemporary nature, environment, flora-fauna, climate, social practices, traditions, customs, rituals, living conditions of humans and societal perspectives of opposite sexes towards each other. My paper shall focus on such literary works of Tagore that explored themes of womanhood and gender. The status of women in any society is the true index of its holistic progress. From cultural, social, religious and 'spiritual' progress to economic and political stability, women and their conditions play an integral, if not always, visible role. However this notion was not always so linear or simple. From the very inception of human civilization especially with the emergence of family systems and private property, gender assigning and stereotypes have largely contributed to the decline in the status of women across borders, races, colours. Civilization have always assigned different roles, codes of behaviour, morality, and even different feelings and thoughts to men and women based on the biological distinction of sex (between male and female) thereby leading to the construction of the social distinction of gender (between masculine and feminine). From the 'mystic' feminine with secrets to create life to the 'divine'; from the witchy heretics to being the "second sex", the journey of women have been celebrated, shackled, marginalized, contested, debated, reassigned, negated and reinstated while the battle rages on. Despite all these, women have come out from the rooms of their own but the inception was not an easy one. And some men have been there by them and most against them in their journey towards liberty. The question of women's issues have been treated differently across varied art forms, literature being one of the most popular and vibrant domains of such depiction and colonial India was no exception to this. And among the literary geniuses who walked the surface, no other writer explored and experimented with the themes of gender better than Rabindranath Tagore. One of the earliest 'feminists' of his times, Tagore successfully portrayed and analysed women psychology and vehemently protested against gender suppression. His stories not only brought to limelight contemporary conditions of women, their unspoken dreams, struggles, humiliation but also credited their contributions to the Indian nationalist movement, their triumph, their challenges to the patriarchal society and so on and so forth. His scathing yet picturesque narrative compelled the then readers, much like today's, to love, admire, cry, laugh with Tagore's 'women and their world' and also rage, contempt, hate some of those fictional women for their daring infidelity, defying attitude towards ironclad patriarchal customs This paper shall explore such themes and try to situate those from a historical perspective.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Keywords: 19th Century Bengal, Women's Questions, Rabindranath Tagore, Gender Discrimination, Domestic roles of Women.
The International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) aims to explore advances in research pertaining to applied, theoretical and experimental Technological studies. The goal is to promote scientific information interchange between researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners working in and around the world.
Indexing In Google Scholar, ResearcherID Thomson Reuters, Mendeley : reference manager, Academia.edu, arXiv.org, Research Gate, CiteSeerX, DocStoc, ISSUU, Scribd, and many more International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) ISSN: 2320-2882 | Impact Factor: 7.97 | 7.97 impact factor and ISSN Approved. Provide DOI and Hard copy of Certificate. Low Open Access Processing Charges. 1500 INR for Indian author & 55$ for foreign International author. Call For Paper (Volume 13 | Issue 10 | Month- October 2025)

