Volume 12 | Issue 7

 Abstract

The practice of yoga is an ancient tradition with deep roots in history. Many monks and saints have historically perceived the world through the profound insights gained from yogic power. Both Buddhist and Hindu cultures have long recognized the significance of yoga, urging their adherents to embrace its principles. Medical scientists assert that yoga helps synchronize the various parts of the body, enabling them to function optimally. As it is widely understood, the mind governs the entire body, directing the function of each part. Consistent practice of Asanas (postures), Pranayama (breathing techniques), and Meditation fortifies both the body and the mind. Yoga helps alleviate mental stress, promoting a state of tranquility. Contemporary experts uphold a strong belief in the efficacy of yoga for shielding individuals from the negative influences of society. Yoga is thus regarded as a potent means to gain mastery over the mind and sustain a peaceful life, which is especially crucial in today's fast-paced world. This detailed study explores the impact of yoga practice on the treatment of psychosomatic disorders, drawing on insights from previous research.

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 Keywords

Yoga, Meditation, Pranayama, Union, Mind, Mental Health, Buddhism, Body

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Yoga, an ancient practice originating from India, has gained significant attention in contemporary research for its diverse benefits across multiple dimensions of human health and well-being. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the extensive research conducted on yoga, focusing on its profound impacts on physical health, mental well-being, and overall quality of life. In terms of physical health, numerous studies have demonstrated that regular practice of yoga leads to improvements in flexibility, strength, cardiovascular function, and respiratory efficiency. Yoga postures (asanas) and breathing exercises (pranayama) contribute synergistically to enhancing musculoskeletal health and reducing the risk of chronic conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and arthritis. Beyond physical and mental health, yoga has been found to enhance overall quality of life by fostering a sense of inner peace, mindfulness, and spiritual connection. Studies suggest that mindfulness-based practices within yoga, such as meditation and relaxation techniques, not only alleviate psychological distress but also enhance cognitive function and resilience to stress

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yoga, physical health, mental well-being, quality of life, mindfulness

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Anxiety disorders are prevalent mental health conditions that significantly impair individuals' daily functioning and overall well-being. Breathing techniques have been increasingly recognized as effective non-pharmacological interventions for managing anxiety. This descriptive study explores the impact of eight different breathing techniques on anxiety reduction: Diaphragmatic Breathing, Ujjayi Breath, NadiShodhana, Kapalabhati, Bhramari, Sheetali, AnulomVilom, and SamaVritti. Through a comprehensive review of literature and empirical analysis, the study examines the physiological and psychological effects of each technique. Participants diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) engaged in daily 15-minute sessions of assigned breathing techniques over four weeks. Anxiety levels were assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) before and after the intervention. The findings reveal that all breathing techniques contribute to significant reductions in anxiety, with variations in effectiveness. Diaphragmatic Breathing, Ujjayi Breath, Nadi Shodhana, Bhramari, Sheetali, and SamaVritti emerged as the most effective techniques. The study underscores the potential of these breathing practices as accessible and effective tools for anxiety management. Further research is recommended to explore the long-term benefits and underlying mechanisms of these techniques to enhance their application in therapeutic settings.

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anxiety reduction, breathing techniques, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), mental health, anxiety management

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 Abstract

The Principal object of the present work is design and construction of a wear machine either pin or disc to hold in wear machine test rig. Which was used to evaluate the before and after wear of any sample it should sliding over with EN 8 disc or pin under dry condition. Another one object of this paper is varying speed with an aid of stepped pulley mounded between motor and disc. The advantage of the paper to explore the wear test with low cost fabrication in local workshop itself.

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Steel (EN 8), Stepped Pulley, Motor, Disc.

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In this project composite material is formed by combining multiple materials in order toachieve superior mechanical properties. In this case, aluminum silicone and gunmetal arecombinedtogethertocreateanalloythatpossessesexcellentwear-resistance,highstrength,low density, and enhanced thermal stability. The use of these materials together will also beable to reduce manufacturing costs whilst maintaining performance integrity. This alloy isperfect for engineering applications such as precision parts, bearings and gears under harshoperating conditions like marine environments or high-temperature aircraft engines. Finallygearismadeupofaluminium,silicone,gunmetalmaterialsandcompressible,hardness,toughness test was made, this type of gear is very useful for highly corrosion areas to avoidcorrosions.

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fiber,mechanical properties & manufacturing

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The automotive industry occupies a significant place in the Indian economy. The well-developed industry acts as a catalyst and gives energy to the economic growth of the country and also increased accidents to the workers due to work place hazards. In the manufacturing of auto components carries with them workplace hazards, the hazards and risks connected with welding operations, Cleaning and Machining operation in manufacturing industry was identified and controlled using risk matrix techniques. The findings reveal that major tasks were associated with the events of material handling, machine operation, maintenance of any machinery, packing and housekeeping. Hazards of varying degrees were identified and the associated risk was classified with trivalent risk, Low risk, Medium risk, High risk, Very high risk. The tasks carried out with those hazards and risks are suggested with control measures and recommendations.

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 Keywords

Safety, Hazard, Identification, Risk, Control Measures.

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With the rapid advancement of science, technology, and the economy, the rapid accumulation of hazardous waste has become one of the most common environmental issues confronting the entire world. However, hazardous materials with toxic, corrosive, flammable, reactive, and infectious properties, as well as other dangerous properties, will cause serious harm to the environment, ecology, and human health if not handled properly. As a result, hazardous waste disposal research is extremely important in practice. This paper provides a basic overview of hazardous waste, as well as the current state of hazardous waste disposal in industries. Hazardous waste is defined as waste that poses significant or potential risks to public health or the environment. Hazardous wastes can exist in a variety of physical states, including gaseous, liquids, and solids. A hazardous waste is distinct from other types of waste because It cannot be disposed of in the same manner as other byproducts of our daily lives. Treatment and solidification processes may be required depending on the physical state of the waste. The final stage of a hazardous waste management system is hazardous waste disposal. In order to have secure disposal facilities, almost all possible disposal methods require proper pre-treatment. This article summarizes the fundamentals of various waste disposal methods, including incineration, immobilization, landfill, off-shore, and underground storage. The benefits, drawbacks, and applicability to developing countries are discussed.

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Landfill, Incineration, Reuse, Recycle, Co-Processing.

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 Abstract

The molding industry plays a pivotal role in manufacturing, producing a wide array of products essential to our daily lives. However, it is not without its share of occupational hazards that demand diligent attention. This project, "Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment in the Molding Industry," addresses the pressing need to enhance workplace safety, reduce accidents, and ensure regulatory compliance within this dynamic sector. This comprehensive endeavor employs a systematic approach to identify and evaluate hazards associated with molding processes, equipment, materials, and human factors. Drawing on advanced technologies, risk assessment models, and strategies to enhance safety culture, the project aims to transform the molding industry into a safer and more sustainable workspace. By focusing on hazard identification and risk assessment, this project seeks to empower molding companies to proactively mitigate risks, promote a employees. Additionally, compliance with industry regulations and a commitment to environmental sustainability are integral aspects of this initiative. The outcomes of this project are anticipated to not only reduce workplace accidents but also contribute to the overall efficiency and longevity of the molding industry. This abstract provides a glimpse into a multifaceted project that endeavors to make workplaces safer and healthier while ensuring the molding industry's continued success. This document gives formatting instructions for authors preparing papers for publication in the Proceedings of an IEEE conference. The authors must follow the instructions given in the document for the papers to be published.

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Mold, Workplace Accidents, identification and risk assessment.

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The utilization of hydrogen gas across diverse industries offers advantages alongside possible hazards. While hydrogen finds widespread industrial use as a flammable gas, mishandling it can result in catastrophic incidents. Hydrogen is also employed in the heat treatment of reactive metals, such as titanium, to prevent oxidation at high temperatures. The presence of hydrogen helps to maintain the desired metallurgical properties of these materials. Considering the significant volume of hydrogen gas used in industrial settings, it becomes imperative to effectively manage its safety to prevent accidents. To ensure the safe utilization of hydrogen gas, one strategy involves carrying out a Hazard and Operability study (HAZOP). This comprehensive examination entails recognizing potential dangers linked to the hydrogen unit and setting up effective safeguards to minimize risks. By conducting a meticulous HAZOP study, it becomes possible to pinpoint, assess, and address the inherent hazards in hydrogen gas handling through the implementation of appropriate control measures. The ultimate goal is to enhance safety protocols and minimize the likelihood of accidents or catastrophic events associated with hydrogen gas usage.

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 Keywords

Combustible gas, hazop, Hazard. Potential hazards, Appropriate safeguards, Hydrogen gas, control measures.

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 Abstract

Safety plays an important role in human beings' life. Occupational health and safety become a vital part in every Industry. The background of this project is to condense the cause and effects in health and safety. The main objective of this paper is to identify the hazards in plating and powder coating which may affect the employer and the environment. To assess the safety means, it needs to reduce the risk everywhere, so that Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA) can be done for working in a confined space environment in wind energy industry. To find the hazards means, then risk can be accessed from the hazards and then to analyze the severity rating for the hazards. Calculating the severity and probability of occurrence and suggesting the hazards are acceptable or not acceptable. By using the Dust exposure level meter we can evaluate the dust exposure limit while working inside blade at tolerable distance These dsut are hazardous to human health. So, we have to reduce and control the hazards by using Risk assessment. The project work focuses on using the HIRA technique on improvement of health and safety while working inside the wind blade.

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Confined space, Minimum explosion concentration, Hazard identification and risk assessment.

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This study proposed a fuzzy-based HAZOP for process risk analysis. Fuzzy theory was used to express uncertain states and this theory has been found to be a useful approach to overcome the inherent uncertainty in HAZOP analyses. Fuzzy logic contrasted sharply with classical logic and provided different risk values according to the degree of its membership functions. The appropriate process parameters and guidelines were selected to describe accident frequency and consequences. Fuzzy modelling calculated risks based on the relationship between accident variables. Modelling was based on mean expected value, trapezoidal fuzzy number method. The objective process for fuzzy-based and conventional HAZOPs was to identify and assess hazards in boiler plant. The most important index is the frequency of risk determination. The comparison results showed that the fuzzy-based HAZOP provides better elaborated risks than the conventional HAZOP. The fuzzy risk matrix represents the importance of risks, negligible risks and the need to reduce risks.

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Fuzzy logic, Failure mode effect analysis (FMEA), Hazard operability study (HAZOP).

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This paper aims to analyse and study the procedures and investments on construction safety. The attitudes and views of employees towards health and safety behaviour make up an organization's safety in construction. The project's primary goal is to increase safety and reduce risks and losses in the construction industry by using safety measures. For 50 days, a large construction site was the subject of a study on safety practises. At different other sites, surveys on safety practises and investment strategies were also done to see how businesses felt about spending money on safety. The study aids businesses in familiarising themselves with safety management systems and putting them into practise at the structures they create.

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Construction, Health & Safety Assessment, Construction Design Management

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 Abstract

The fastest approach to reduce fire risk and losses is to prevent fires. Investments in prevention are occasionally significant. Active systems, such as fire sprinklers and alarms, portable fire extinguishers, and facility inspections, react to the presence or threat of fire with conditioned responses, and passive systems, such as sufficient occupant evacuation egress, fire-resistant construction, and flammable liquid storage cabinets, mitigate threats constantly to be able to prevent or reduce fire losses. Security systems, both passive and active, require routine upkeep and inspection. An illustration of a manual fire prevention and protection measure is a fire extinguisher.Other options include automated fire sprinklers, suppression systems, and separation barriers. Regular supervision, training, and inspections are necessary for manual activities.Inspection and maintenance are necessary for automatic systems. Passive barriers (like fire doors) may be compromised by renovations and occupant behavior. Facilities managers need to be familiar with all forms of fire prevention and protection, maintain them, and encourage deployment where it makes sense from a risk management standpoint. The FM200 system is a cross-zoned, double-knock system. Two detectors on it need to sound an alarm before the releasing sequence can begin. Only if one detection results in an alarm will the FM200 system enter pre-alarm mode. The FM200 is an independent system. Fire detection, trustworthy monitoring, and interaction with mass notification systems are all possible features of integrated fire alarm systems. Since features and capabilities differ from one fire alarm system integration to another, the term integration might be ambiguous. This is done to protect human life during industrial catastrophes.

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FM200, Integrated fire alarm, Cross Zone System.

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The principal objective of this study is to delve into the optimization of stairwell pressurization systems in high-rise buildings, with a specific focus on their role in smoke control during fire emergencies. As high-rise structures pose unique challenges for evacuation during fire emergencies, this study becomes critical in bridging the gap between theoretical frameworks and practical applications in the realm of Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) management, particularly emphasizing Fire and Life Safety (FLS). The research includes a comprehensive investigation into the technical elements of stairwell pressurization systems. We have dissected the system's design, constituent components, and operational mechanisms, whilst also examining their compliance with the relevant regulations and standards. The aim is to maximize the efficiency and effectiveness of these systems for optimum smoke control. In summary, the research provides substantial insights into stairwell pressurization systems in high-rise buildings, paving the way for more refined and efficient smoke control solutions, thereby enhancing the standards of fire and life safety.

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Stairwell Pressurization, High-Rise Buildings, Smoke Control, Fire Safety, EHS Management, Risk Assessment, System Optimization, Safety Standards, Operational Mechanisms, Practical Implementation.

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This paper aims to integrate the risk factors and Safety Culture in SFO Technologies Pvt Ltd. A project phase is an opportunity for learners to connect what they have learned in class with how it applies in the real world in an operational setting. It is a professional and practical learning experience that gives meaningful, practical work connected to a student's subject of study or career interest. A chance to gain new skills and explore and grow one's profession. It provides the chance to infuse the workplace with fresh ideas and energy, to nurture talent, and even to create a pipeline for future full-time workers.. A huge benefit to taking a safety internship is being able to directly learn about the field of occupational safety. The student intern becomes a part of the worker's safety and health program and can see how it is administered, the types of protective equipment used, safe work practices utilized and many other aspects of the operation.

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Ergonomics, Job safety analysis, Assessment, Ergo checklist

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The purpose of this paper is to assess the creation of a comprehensive Onsite Emergency Plan tailored for a specific location, such as a workplace or industrial facility. Commonly referred to as an Emergency Response Plan or Emergency Action Plan, this document serves as a vital blueprint for guiding responses to a variety of emergency scenarios. Its primary objectives are to ensure the safety and well-being of individuals, minimize property and environmental damage, and ensure regulatory compliance. Key components of the plan encompass emergency contact details, specific response procedures for various emergencies, clearly delineated evacuation routes, communication protocols, roles and responsibilities within emergency response teams, provision of essential emergency equipment and resources, employee training and drills, and periodic plan reviews and updates. For industries dealing with hazardous materials, the plan also includes protocols for the safe handling and containment of such materials during emergencies. Through meticulous planning and preparation, this project aims to establish a structured, coordinated, and efficient response framework, ultimately safeguarding lives and assets within the facility and adhering to regulatory requirements in high-risk industries.

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Onsite emergency plan, Evacuation plan, Response team, firefighting training

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 Abstract

In India, Agriculture is the main sector occupation for more than 60% of the population. Due to the growing workforce shortage, interest in developing autonomous vehicles like robots for agriculture Robot named Agrobot has been created specifically for farming. It is intended to reduce the amount of work farmers have to do while also accelerating and improving the quality of the job. It works on the basic tasks, such as spraying water, planting seeds, and so forth, all at once. For the safety and health of the workers, spraying is particularly crucial in potentially hazardous areas. The proposed system aims to create a versatile, autonomous agricultural robotic car that can be operated via the internet of things to spray water and plant seeds. These Robots are used to ensure high yield, minimize human intervention, and save time. It can be used for small fields. The system will consist of soil moisture sensors connected to a microcontroller. The microcontroller will be connected to a motor that will control the seed sowing mechanism and a water pump that will control the water spraying Mechanism. The user able to set the desired seed density and watering frequency using a mobile app. This app also display real-time data on soil moisture conditions, and the status of the seed sowing and watering process. The main motive of this project is to optimize the seed sowing and watering process and reduce water wastage. This will result in increased crop yield and reduced water usage.

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DC water pump, Microcontroller, Smart phone, Battery, Relay.

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 Abstract

Smart technologies are been extensively used in manufacturing processes in order to increase overall performance, an increasing focus is outlined also for supporting occupational and industrial safety. Applying smart technologies in the safety domain could contribute to increase the work place safety. This project aims to evaluate potentialities of adopting these technologies in a specific critical process in Automobile industry to prevent Electric hoist and Electric Monorail System (EMS) collision. The collision happen in the overhead equipment leads to electrical short circuits, Fire and property damages beyond the repair. Collision prevention in this kind of critical process is much needed to increase the work place safety. An automated collision prevention system based on smart technologies in supporting an efficient collision prevention process based on the literature review analysis. By using the statistical tool, Binary DOE (Design of Experiment) three critical factors like Speed of the EMS system, Distance to be maintained between hoist and EMS system during automatic operation, Types of sensors to be used for the collision prevention has been arrived. This auto collision prevention system detects the Electric hoist and Electric Mono rail System movement and its position in the bus bar system by monitoring its movements continuously through Sensors and Programmable Logic Controllers. If operator mistakenly operates any one of the both collision contributors (Electric Hoist or EMS) in the track change over area, the track change system interlock will show error indication in the operator panel. The Interlock system implemented with the usage of smart technologies which can prevent the collision and alerts to the operators while they do any errors via visual indicators. Thus, this auto collision prevention system helps to maintain the safety at the work place with the usage of smart technologies. Automatic forward or reverse operation of the EMS system at the track changer area will begin once the manual electric hoist clearance in the travel path of EMS and the track changer feedback. By implementation of this auto collision prevention system Lifting tackle collision between EMS system and manual Electric hoist has been reduced to zero.

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Smart Technologies, Auto Collision Prevention, Electric Monorail, Design of Experiment.

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The study found that heavy lifting machines in metro construction pose significant hazards to workers, including the risk of falling objects, machine entanglement, and electrical hazards. The process of risk assessment revealed that some hazards had a high risk level, indicating the need for immediate action to control or eliminate these hazards. The project discusses various control and mitigation measures which can be implemented to reduce the level of risk which is identified hazards. The study highlights the importance of regular hazard identification and risk assessment activities in the Metro Rail construction to ensure the worker's safety. This study provides the best control measures which can be implemented to control the specific hazard during the heavy lifting activities in metro construction.

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Hazard identification and risk assessment, Risk Matrix, Metro rail Construction, Heavy Lifting Machines, Crane Safety.

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 Abstract

Hybrid Composite materials have evoked a keen interest in recent times for potential applications in aerospace and automotive industries owing to their superior strength to weight ratio and temperature resistance. The widespread adoption of particulate metal matrix composites for engineering applications has been hindered by the high cost of producing components. Achieving a uniform distribution of reinforcement within the matrix is one such challenge, which affects directly on the properties and quality of composite material. They are used in a range of other applications, including insulation, cladding, surface coating, and roofing raw material, among others. Fiberglass bars are comprised of composite material. Fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) combines reinforced fibers and liquid resin, then molded into various forms and sizes. In this project discusses the Spur Gear model made by e-glass fiber and Epoxy composite material and to evaluate the Hardness, Impact Strength of the Composite Material.

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Fiber,reinforced composites

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