Volume 11 | Issue 7

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Abstract Cervical spondylosis is a condition that is responsible for neck pain and discomfort to wide range of people from teenager to old age. Early it was considered that it mainly affect the middle age peoples but know due to change in lifestyles and use of electronic devices in education sector and professional sector has increased person suffering from it . There are various ways by which it can be treated and managed so in this article we have reviewed various ways of physical therapy and six types of yoga asana for its management.

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Key words: Cervical Spondylosis, Physical therapy, Yoga, Neck pain and lifestyle

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Fish are the most abundant vertebrate species on the planet and are the best source for protein and other protein derivatives along with other amino acids and fatty acids. Fishes also contribute in GDP of our country, can influence our economy directly and indirectly which are frequently found infected with a parasites; Trematoda, Nematoda, Cestoda, and Acanthocephala; causing infectious diseases. Among different fish diseases, Gyrodactylussalaris, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, flukes, are most ubiquitous in fish population that causes huge death. In case of harsh illness by parasites. The major parasitic groups found in freshwater fishes are Monogenia, cestodes, Acanthocephalans, protozoans and nematodes. In the present study, the prevalence of helminth parasites has been observed two freshwater fishes Channa punctatus and Wallago attu. Live fresh specimens of Channa punctatus and in Wallago attu of all sizes, weight and sex were collected from river gomti, Lucknow. A total of 90 fishes were examined for the presence of helminth parasites in which a total no. of parasites found in Channa punctatus was 50 and in Wallago attu was 40. In case of Channa punctatus (Bloch) 44% of total collected fishes and in Wallago attu 37.5% of total collected fishes were found to be infected with helminth parasites.

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Channa punctatus, river Gomti, Freshwater fishes, Wallago attu

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Green synthesis of nanoparticles is a promising and sustainable approach to nanoparticle production, addressing the growing need for environmentally friendly methods in nanotechnology. This review paper analyzes current state-of-the-art techniques, including plant extracts, microorganisms, and bio-waste materials, and highlights their advantages over conventional synthesis approaches. Green synthesis offers numerous benefits, including reduced energy consumption, the avoidance of hazardous chemicals, and minimal toxic byproducts. It also opens up new possibilities for applications in biomedicine, catalysis, environmental remediation, agriculture, and electronics. Characterization techniques are used to assess the size, shape, and structure of green-synthesized nanoparticles, and real-world case studies highlight their potential impact on various industries and environmental sustainability. However, challenges related to reproducibility and scalability remain, but interdisciplinary efforts and innovative strategies offer promising prospects for addressing these limitations. In conclusion, green nanoparticle synthesis is viable for sustainable nanoparticle production with diverse applications.

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Nanoparticle, green synthesis, sustainable, characterization technique, environment

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The research aims to find an alternative to expensive and environmentally damaging cement in the construction industry by investigating the impact of incorporating waste engine oil (WEO) and fly ash (FA) on the engineering properties of green and hardened concrete. The study found that the addition of FA and WEO improved properties such as workability, air content, and porosity, but adversely affected compressive strength. The optimum content of FA and WEO was found to be 40% and 0.5%, respectively, with the least decline in compressive strength. The proposed modification also diminished segregation, bleeding, and the effect of freeze-thaw cycles. This research has significant implications for the construction industry and the environment. By finding a viable alternative to cement, it could potentially reduce the demand for cement and subsequently decrease the carbon emissions produced during its production. The use of waste materials such as WEO and FA can also help reduce waste and provide a more sustainable solution for the construction industry. The findings of this research could inspire further investigation into the use of alternative materials in the construction industry to mitigate its environmental impact.

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Fly Ash, Waste Engine Oil

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The automobile industry is one of the most important drivers of economic growth in India and one with high participation in global value chains. Even though the industry contributes nearly half of the manufacturing GDP of the country, on the other side the skyrocketing increase in sales of the automobile industry has been putting pressure on environmental sustainability, especially with reference to fossil fuel-burning vehicles. Shifting to electric vehicles is the much-discussed solution to the problem. The present study aimed to find out the effects of fossil fuel-burning vehicles and the role of electric vehicles on environmental sustainability. The study suggests that it is high time to turn to the electric vehicle era to ensure environmental sustainability and make nature fit for the coming generation.

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Passenger Vehicles, Automobile Industry, Sustainability

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Medical waste, characterized by its toxic and infectious nature, poses significant hazards to the environment and human populations. In contrast, nature demonstrates self-cleansing abilities in healthy ecosystems, perpetuating sustainability. To address the environmental impact of medical waste, adopting Clean Production and Zero Waste systems can effectively reduce, reuse, and recycle waste, contributing to a more sustainable environment. However, hazardous waste from healthcare establishments presents unique challenges in proper treatment and disposal. India, in particular, faces significant biomedical waste management challenges, especially in rural areas with inadequate infrastructure. This research paper reviews the current scenario of biomedical waste management in India, with a focus on incineration as a disposal method. Incineration, while reducing waste volume, releases toxic gases and heavy metals, posing health and environmental hazards. Alternative technologies, such as immobilization, wet chemical treatment, and microbial-based remediation, are being explored to make toxic residues inert and suitable for safe disposal or reuse. The reuse of incinerator ash in construction and agriculture is also being investigated. The study isolates metal-tolerant microorganisms and assesses their potential for remediating metal-contaminated waste. Promising results show that certain microorganisms can significantly reduce alkalinity, hardness, and chloride content in biomedical waste ash, making them potential candidates for remediation. Moreover, the mixture of biomedical waste ash with soil exhibits positive results for plant growth, particularly in a 4% ash-soil mixture. The research highlights the importance of proper waste management practices and the exploration of environmentally friendly alternatives to incineration. It emphasizes the significance of adopting cleaner technologies and leveraging microbial activities for sustainable waste management and environmental protection. Future research should focus on optimizing treatment conditions to enhance heavy metal removal efficiency further. By promoting sustainable waste management practices, the healthcare sector can contribute to a safer and healthier environment.

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Biomedical Waste, microbes, heavy metals

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In the era of rapidly advancing technology and digital transformation, understanding the perceptions and behaviors of digital consumers has become paramount for businesses seeking to thrive in the digital landscape. This abstract provides an overview of a comprehensive perception study that delves into the intricacies of consumer attitudes, preferences, and decision-making processes within the digital realm. Through surveys, a diverse sample of 100 digital consumers is gathered, ensuring representation across various demographics and digital proficiency levels. The research explores several key aspects, including: 1. Digital Experiences: Investigating consumers' experiences while interacting with digital platforms, websites, mobile applications, and social media. Understanding how user-friendliness, aesthetics, and functionality influence their overall perceptions. 2. Trust and Security: Analyzing the factors influencing consumers' trust in digital transactions, data privacy concerns, and the impact of security measures on purchasing decisions. 3. Personalization: Assessing consumers' receptiveness to personalized content, targeted advertising, and the fine balance between personalized experiences and privacy concerns. 4. Social Influence: Exploring the role of social media in shaping consumers' perceptions, brand loyalty, and the impact of influencers on purchasing behavior. 5. E-commerce Adoption: Studying the factors driving the adoption of e-commerce platforms, including consumer motivations, perceived risks, and barriers to entry. The findings of this perception study are expected to provide valuable insights for businesses aiming to enhance their digital strategies, tailor marketing approaches, and foster meaningful connections with their digital consumer base. Furthermore, the study contributes to the broader understanding of the dynamic relationship between consumers and the ever-evolving digital landscape, laying the groundwork for future research in this rapidly evolving field.

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digital marketing, consumer buying behavior, qualitative research, quantitative research, patterns, attitude, perception, barriers, purchase decisions

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Event-driven architectures (EDAs) allow real-time responses to state changes in a software system. EDAs allow for proactive responses to issues, while also generating data that organizations can use to make predictions and decisions. Event-driven architectures and decision systems have applications across sectors as diverse as retail, finance, crisis management, and manufacturing. There are costs and challenges associated with event-driven architectures; however, in the proper use cases and with proper implementation, the benefits of real-time decision making outweigh the costs. An increasing number of software tools and frameworks combine EDAs with predictive analytics and mining of historical data to make accurate, real-time decisions.

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Event-driven architectures, events, decision-support system, big data, internet of things

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Health professionals identify cervical cancer as a potentially fatal condition. Patients' valuable lives are at risk due to the difficult late diagnosis and treatment. The formal screening for disease identification suffers in both industrialized and developing countries because of high medical costs, a lack of healthcare facilities, social norms, and the late onset of symptoms. Early diagnosis of various different diseases, including cervical cancer, is possible because to machine intelligence. It is also cost-effective and computationally cheap. Modern, time-consuming medical treatments are not necessary for the patients, and machine intelligence can help with early cervical cancer diagnosis. The reliance on a single classifier's prediction accuracy is the issue with the present machine classification approaches for illness identification. Due to bias, over-fitting, improper treatment of noisy data, and outliers, the use of a single classification method does not guarantee the best prediction. In order to provide an appropriate diagnosis that addresses the patient's symptoms or problems, this research study presents an ensemble classification method based on majority voting. In the study, a variety of classifiers, including Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and Logistic Regression (LR) classifiers, are put to the test. The study shows an increase in prediction accuracy of 94%, which is significantly higher than the prediction accuracies of individual classification methods tested on the same benchmarked datasets. As a result, the suggested paradigm grants health professionals a second opinion to aid in the early diagnosis and prompt treatment of diseases.

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Machine Learning Algorithms, Classifiers, Cervical Cancer, Ensemble Classification.

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ICT is a scientific, technological and engineering discipline and management technique used in handling information, its application and association with social, economic and cultural matters (UNESCO, 2002). ICT stands for information and communication technologies and are defined, for the purposes, as a "diverse set of technological tools and resources used to communicate and to create, disseminate, store and manage information." ICT facilities can help the teachers to do assignment, research, meet friends and involves other social activities in academic environment or community. ICT also helps teachers, students and parents to come together. A quality education is an important tool for the progress, prosperity and welfare of our society as well as our country. The teachers in the school are best source for qualitative education. As the teachers are the very important source of quality education therefore, they should be free from any kind of stress, pressure and so on in their professional lives.The advancement of Science and Technology has affected the society in various spheres including education specifically teacher education. There is no doubt that ICT has brought revolutionary change in the field of teacher education. ICT can provide more flexible and effective ways for professional development for teachers. Development of ICT in school depends only on the quality and ability of the teachers handling the education system. Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) helps students as well as teachers to use more technology for making teaching learning more attractive for the betterment of our future generation. Teachers must have to know the use of ICT in their subject areas to help the learners for learning more effectively. So, the knowledge of ICT is very much essential for the both pre-service teachers as well as in-service teachers also.

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: ICT, Teaching-Learning, Teacher Education.

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Spectroscopy, specifically NMR spectroscopy, was used to study the interaction of matter with electromagnetic radiation and characterize molecules like pyrimidine and its analogues. A Proline-complex-catalyzed multicomponent synthesis of pyrimidine was developed, optimizing reaction conditions through adjustments in temperature, time, molar ratios, and catalyst concentration. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated the synthesized compound's potential as an anti-cancer agent by exhibiting strong binding affinity and stable interactions with the Ras protein KRAS, commonly associated with cancer development. Additionally, the compound showed promising interactions with the HNMT protein, suggesting its potential for managing histaminic diseases. These findings emphasize the importance of spectroscopy, multicomponent synthesis, and molecular docking in drug discovery, offering insights into molecular interactions and aiding in the design of therapeutic agents.

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Spectroscopy, Pyrimidine, Docking, and Chemical Synthesis.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented challenges to healthcare workers worldwide, including those in the Indian state of Kerala. This study aimed to investigate the social impact of the pandemic on healthcare workers in Kerala through a survey conducted among 250 participants. The survey encompassed questions related to demographics, work nature, marital status, dietary patterns, income, and the social implications of working on the frontline during the pandemic. The study revealed insightful findings regarding the feelings of neglect by society, changes in relationships with the community, impact on family life, and the overall emotional toll experienced by healthcare workers. The results shed light on the social well-being of healthcare workers during the pandemic and emphasize the need for targeted support systems to address the social challenges faced by this critical workforce in Kerala.

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COVID-19, health workers, social impact, Kerala, pandemic.

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This paper aims to evaluate students' and teachers' perspectives towards shifting to ChatGpt/AI rather than continuing with the traditional mode of teaching and education.

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AI,Machine Learning,Chat.GPT

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This paper proposes the several earthquakes in India have demonstrated in past that high-rise structures are collapsing and becoming vulnerable to earthquake damage. Engineers are needed today to design earthquake resistant structures for various seismic zones in order to reduce seismic damages in high-rise buildings. The purpose of this research is to look into the variation in behavior of a (G+12) building structure with a regular (Rectangular or Square) structural configuration in different seismic zones (zones II to V) in India. The entire structure is examined with STAAD Pro software to access parameters such as bending moment, shear force, deflection, base shear for various seismic zones (zone II to V) in India. seismic analysis by linear static analysis and the analysis is carried out by considering seismic zones (II to V) for medium soil type. In analysing the whole structure considering parameters like loads (live load, dead load, seismic loads) and type of structure, damping ratio, importance factor(I), response reduction factor(R), zone factor(Z) for different cities under different zones plays major role in seismic design.

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Base Shear, High Rise Building, Seismic analysis, Staad Pro

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The defence industry plays a vital role in safeguarding the sovereignty of a nation. India has always been reliant on imports to meet its defence requirements. However, the Atmanirbhar Bharat (self-reliant India) and Make in India initiatives have been launched to promote indigenous manufacturing and reduce dependence on imports. This research paper examines the role of these policies in strengthening India's defence industry. The paper analyzes India's defence industry's current state, its challenges, and the steps taken to overcome them. It also evaluates the impact of the Atamnirbhar Bharat and Make in India policies on the defence industry and the measures that need to be taken to make them more effective. The study concludes that the policies have the potential to make India self-reliant in defence manufacturing and contribute significantly to the country's overall security.

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Defence industry, Atmanirbhar Bharat, Make in India, Self-reliance, Indigenous manufacturing, Import substitution, National security

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In modern life, credit cards play a major role in everyone's life. Credit cards have both positive and negative impacts. the majority of people, including middle-class people, on their daily purchases and has a significant impact on middle-class people's lives. Most likely, the credit card debt can get out of control, leading to a high interest rate,late fees, and other penalties. Credit cards may also affect the credit scores of people in the middle class peoples.Moreover, credit card companies target the middle class by providing attractive offers and rewards. This study looks at how credit cards affect the lives of middle-class people. The research is descriptive in nature, and data has been collected from 100 people of the middle class using credit cards. A convenient sample collection technique was employed in collecting samples. Pie chart and cross tabulation have been used to interpret the data. The respondents help to calculate the majority of age groups using credit cards in this society.

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: Credit card,knowledge,middle class people,credit score

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Cervical Spondylosis is a general term for work and age related wear and tear in the cervical spine, this results in neck pain, stiffness and restricted movements. The Human spine made up of 24 vertebrae (bones of spine) out of these 7 vertebrae that begin at the base of skull makes cervical spine. Spondylosis is a natural wearing of spine parts which leads chronic degeneration of cervical including the cushions between the neck vertebrae and joints between the bones of the cervical spine. As age progresses or long sitting working hours the spine undergoes changes like Degeneration, Herniation, osteoarthritis, bone growth (bone spur). As vertebral disks wear away with time, spinal cord can be put under increased pressure as the canal gets narrower from arthritis and disk protrusions. This compression can result in worsening neck pain and other symptoms. This can lead to increasing pain in the neck and arm, weakness and numbness of limbs. In advanced cases, the spinal cord may also be involved. A previous neck injury may predispose to Spondylosis, but the major risk factor is aging and occupation. It is mainly presented as pain in neck that may radiate to shoulders, arms, Stiffness in neck, headache particularly in the occiput etc. Neck pain is a widespread condition and the second most common complaint after low back pain. This condition is associated with a significant burden of disease with substantial disability and economic cost.

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Yogic Techniques, Naturopathy treatment, Cervical spondylosis

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The increasing popularity of mobile cloud computing among mobile device users has allowed their data to be stored in cloud. When sensitive information is stored and transmitted on the Internet, security is the main issue. So user must have to ensure that the data is secure and protected. This article include the discussion of Data privacy to reduce data usage. In addition, mobile cloud computing has limitations in the following aspects resources, such as energy, processors, memory, and storage. Cryptography can ensure confidentiality, authentication, availability and data integrity. This is done through encryption algorithms, such as Data Encryption Standard (DES), Blowfish and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). Experimental results and the performance of encryption algorithms is evaluated and compared. The performance indicators used are Encryption and Decryption time, CPU and memory utilization. The evaluation result shows to choose a suitable encryption algorithm among all technologies to reduce resources and consider the different parameters that are most suitable for future user requirements.

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DES, Blowfish, AES, Cryptography, Cloud Computing, RSA.

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helical coil, Nusselt Number, heat transfer, Heat Exchanger, varying pitch, varying inclination angles, Nanofluid

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