Volume 11 | Issue 7

 Abstract

The defence industry plays a vital role in safeguarding the sovereignty of a nation. India has always been reliant on imports to meet its defence requirements. However, the Atmanirbhar Bharat (self-reliant India) and Make in India initiatives have been launched to promote indigenous manufacturing and reduce dependence on imports. This research paper examines the role of these policies in strengthening India's defence industry. The paper analyzes India's defence industry's current state, its challenges, and the steps taken to overcome them. It also evaluates the impact of the Atamnirbhar Bharat and Make in India policies on the defence industry and the measures that need to be taken to make them more effective. The study concludes that the policies have the potential to make India self-reliant in defence manufacturing and contribute significantly to the country's overall security.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Defence industry, Atmanirbhar Bharat, Make in India, Self-reliance, Indigenous manufacturing, Import substitution, National security

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In modern life, credit cards play a major role in everyone's life. Credit cards have both positive and negative impacts. the majority of people, including middle-class people, on their daily purchases and has a significant impact on middle-class people's lives. Most likely, the credit card debt can get out of control, leading to a high interest rate,late fees, and other penalties. Credit cards may also affect the credit scores of people in the middle class peoples.Moreover, credit card companies target the middle class by providing attractive offers and rewards. This study looks at how credit cards affect the lives of middle-class people. The research is descriptive in nature, and data has been collected from 100 people of the middle class using credit cards. A convenient sample collection technique was employed in collecting samples. Pie chart and cross tabulation have been used to interpret the data. The respondents help to calculate the majority of age groups using credit cards in this society.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

: Credit card,knowledge,middle class people,credit score

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Cervical Spondylosis is a general term for work and age related wear and tear in the cervical spine, this results in neck pain, stiffness and restricted movements. The Human spine made up of 24 vertebrae (bones of spine) out of these 7 vertebrae that begin at the base of skull makes cervical spine. Spondylosis is a natural wearing of spine parts which leads chronic degeneration of cervical including the cushions between the neck vertebrae and joints between the bones of the cervical spine. As age progresses or long sitting working hours the spine undergoes changes like Degeneration, Herniation, osteoarthritis, bone growth (bone spur). As vertebral disks wear away with time, spinal cord can be put under increased pressure as the canal gets narrower from arthritis and disk protrusions. This compression can result in worsening neck pain and other symptoms. This can lead to increasing pain in the neck and arm, weakness and numbness of limbs. In advanced cases, the spinal cord may also be involved. A previous neck injury may predispose to Spondylosis, but the major risk factor is aging and occupation. It is mainly presented as pain in neck that may radiate to shoulders, arms, Stiffness in neck, headache particularly in the occiput etc. Neck pain is a widespread condition and the second most common complaint after low back pain. This condition is associated with a significant burden of disease with substantial disability and economic cost.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Yogic Techniques, Naturopathy treatment, Cervical spondylosis

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The increasing popularity of mobile cloud computing among mobile device users has allowed their data to be stored in cloud. When sensitive information is stored and transmitted on the Internet, security is the main issue. So user must have to ensure that the data is secure and protected. This article include the discussion of Data privacy to reduce data usage. In addition, mobile cloud computing has limitations in the following aspects resources, such as energy, processors, memory, and storage. Cryptography can ensure confidentiality, authentication, availability and data integrity. This is done through encryption algorithms, such as Data Encryption Standard (DES), Blowfish and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). Experimental results and the performance of encryption algorithms is evaluated and compared. The performance indicators used are Encryption and Decryption time, CPU and memory utilization. The evaluation result shows to choose a suitable encryption algorithm among all technologies to reduce resources and consider the different parameters that are most suitable for future user requirements.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

DES, Blowfish, AES, Cryptography, Cloud Computing, RSA.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

helical coil, Nusselt Number, heat transfer, Heat Exchanger, varying pitch, varying inclination angles, Nanofluid

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

For better health, waste products should be removed from the body completely. If it remains behind, then it will lead to the start of many diseases which will hamper quality of life. In samhita waste products excreted out of the body are mala, mutra and sweda. Mutra is excreted out of the body to remove toxins from blood and purify it. Mutra is evacuated out of the body through the specified channel called mutravasrota. Srotas is explained by all acharya as it is an important channel for the body to move all the bhavpadhartha from one place to another. The pathway has to be clear in such a way that mala should be excreted out of the body effortlessly. Any deformity progresses which causes the obstruction will make it be retained in the body, causes disease. One of the mutravahastrotas vyadhi is "Vatakundalika" under mutraghata chapter. It is explained that aggravated vata moves in a circular direction in the bladder which cause severe pain, and heaviness of the bladder urine is passed as dribbling micturition that too in less quantity with the expulsion of feces. This disease is called vatakundalika.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Mutravahastota , Vatakundalika , Mutraghata, Uroflometry, Mutravittasang, Srujedaalpaalpamathwa, Sarujaskam Shaneeshanee, Mutravihanti sasatambha.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

- In highway Construction industry to save contractors form price fluctuations of material, Fuel, Labour etc. the price escalation clause is added but in different type project and Different type of Government entities are using differential formulae. Contractor/Concessionaire at the time of biding the project and at the time of the project execution i.e from appointed dated its takes about 3-4 years; the project duration above 1 year is taken in to account of price escalation. The price escalation cost will calculate differently with different formulae due to same there is variation of amount. In this paper we will identify the differential cost of price escalation by using one project with different government formulae and we will conclude which type of formulae is adequate. Also, this paper gives us how these prices are calculated, for same which data is to be required. Using different entity price escalation clause, the most efficient and accurate method of price escalation will conclude in this dissertation.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Price Escalation, Price Index, Clause, WPI, CPI, Preceding Quarter, CPWD,HAM,

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Sciatica is a term applied to all form of pain along the course of sciatic nerve, whether due to interstitial neuritis or neuralgia. Sciatica is a term used to describe nerve pain in the leg that is caused by irritation or compression of the root pathology. Homoeopathy has effective option to treat sciatica. Sciatica is a debilitating condition of the sciatic nerve. Homoeopathy is a holistic and safe way to overcome sciatica without any side effects. Homoeopathic medicines also correct the underlying problems such as neurological pains and as well neurological disorders. The constitutional way of treatment is safe and has remedies that are free from side effects.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Sciatic neuritis, Primary sciatica, Secondary sciatica, Homoeopathy.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: The current study has been appropriately powered and structured to estimate the prevalence of COPD and other comorbidities as well as to examine the distribution of COPD medication prescriptions. The main objective of this study?includes to determine the Demographic Characteristics, the Prevalence of COPD and its types, the distribution of COPD among Smokers and Non-Smokers, Evaluating the Clinical profile, Comorbidities Spirometric findings Radiographic profile ( Chest- X-ray), and Prescription pattern of drugs in the COPD patients. This study was conducted in the pulmonology department for 6 months. The total no.of cases during the study registered in the pulmonology department was 1500. Among 1500, 200 patients were having COPD. Among 200, 149 (75%) were males and 51 (25%) were females. This study indicated that the prevalence of COPD was more in males than females. The prevalence of COPD was found to be 13.3%. According to our findings, the prevalence of COPD was higher than the global prevalence, which ranges from 10.7% to 12.1%. COPD was more in the age group of 61 to 70. The most common symptoms observed in the patients were dyspnea, cough, expectoration, wheezing, fever, and chest tightness. The most common comorbidity observed in patients were Hypertension, diabetes, chronic liver disease, hypothyroidism, obesity, and ischemic heart disease, etc. patients were treated with multiple drugs including beta-2 agonists, antimuscarinics, inhaled corticosteroids, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, leukotriene receptor antagonists, antihistamines, antibiotics, systemic corticosteroids, oxygen therapy, and other drugs. prescribed antibiotics include amoxicillin, piperacillin, azithromycin, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, and doxycycline.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

COPD, prevalence, symptoms, comorbidities, prescription, patients, drugs.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The rural market has been growing constantly over the years. The challenges of rural marketing are perpetuating. The vast market demands good marketing strategies to design a win-win situation for all the groups in the rural marketing chain. Rural markets are a time-consuming affair and demand substantial investment. Consumers in rural areas have a relatively low standard of living, and rural customers have diverse socio-economic backwardness. Price is the most crucial factor that influences the buying decision of a customer in a rural market. They can compromise on quality for a lower price and magnet towards discounts and sales. Buying decision process defines the rudimentary stages that a consumer goes through while he decides to buy a product. Purchase decision of a rural customer is determined by his lifestyle, his values, and personality. Challenges in the Indian Rural Markets are Underdeveloped People, Underdeveloped Markets, Unprofessional Communication, Multilingual, Low Per Capita Income & Poor Infrastructure Facilities. This research study refers to a deep analysis of rural market in-terms of rural market strategies practiced by Four established companies belong to different industries namely ITC, HUL, LG, Nokia to tap the rural market and behaviour of rural consumers. This study has been conducted in Four selected rural districts of Madhya Pradesh state of India that is the central province of the country.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Key words: Purchase Decision, Rural Consumers, Low Per Capita Income, Socio-economic Backwardness & Underdeveloped Markets

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Avatar: The Way of Water is a 2022 American science fiction film directed by James Cameron. It is the sequel to Avatar-1 (2009) and the second film in the Avatar franchise. In the first film Avatar-1, Jake Sully becomes Toruk Makto and defeats the threat from humans and saves the people and resources of Pandora. In the second film Avatar: The Way of Water, Jake Sully and his family are under renewed threat from the villain Colonel Miles who returned to Pandora in Recombinant Avatar form. The hero realizes the dangerous situation of his Omaticaya clan and decides to seek refuge with the Metkayina clan to avoid endangering the Omaticaya clan because of himself. He does not realize that he goes to endanger the Metkayina clan and it ends up in the battle between the Metkayina clan and the humans. Here the Hero's refuge decision makes the heroism understated. After sheltering the family of Jack Sully by giving a sanctuary, the Metkayina's leader does not become an alternate hero as expected. The film does not show a struggle to save nature and resources, but it shows the personal fight between Hero & Villain, both take turns threatening each other with their children and here the difference between hero and villain disappears, the movie becomes a double hero subject. This part two film is a typical revenge film that lacks sublime heroism and the director has shown that all the important characters as selfish. Moreover, Avatar-2 features some similar scenes featured in Part-1 and those stereotypically repeated scenes are not giving surprise but show the director's sentiments toward Avatar-1.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Paradigm shift, Heroism, refuge, revenge, sentiments

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper is an effort to peep into the political ideas of Early Modern Europe through the writings of two great scholars- John Locke and J.J Rousseau. The paper talks about the various features and problems of Early Modern European society like the nature of authority, forms of government and society conditions of that time.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

General Will, Savage Society, Social Contract, Treaties of Government

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This investigation on the histopathological reproductive toxicity of Citrullus colocynthis fruit extract in adult male albino rats was the goal of the study. To find a reversible male contraceptive, male rats were given the 50% petroleum ether extract of C. colocynthis fruits orally at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body wt/day for 60 days. For a light microscopic examination, samples from the epididymis, prostate, vas deferens, and seminal vesicles were gathered. All organs' epithelium and connective tissues experienced histological changes as a result of the fruits of C. colocynthis. In comparison to controls, interluminar space was increased.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

histological reproductive toxicity, epithelium, reversible

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

A performance assessment method that bases asset selection on the internal rate of return calculated with reference to long-term cash flows has been developed to support long-term investment initiatives. The three elements that make up total returns are changes in projected return, adjustments to discount rates, and adjustments to anticipated cash flows. This method of performance evaluation emphasizes the cash flows generated over time as a percentage of the price paid, which are key factors influencing long-term returns.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Investment horizon, attributing performance, and portfolio building are some examples relevant to this discussion.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Mutrashmari is a formation of stone anywhere in the Mutravaha Srotas, which can be correlated with Urinary tract stone or urolithiasis. Ashmari is one of the disorders of Mutravaha Srotas and one among the Astamahagada. Renal calculi are one of the most painful and common disorders of urinary tract. As Ashmari is Kapha Pradhana Tridoshaja Vyadhi. Kataka is Tridoshaghna and indicated in Mutrashamri. Kataka Beeja churna mentioned in Dhanwantari Nighantu in chandanadi varga as Ashmarighna. A male patient aged 28 years having complaint of Right side flank pain and pain abdomen (in umbilical region) since 20 days & diagnosed to have bilateral Renal Calculi. This case study shows that kataka Beeja churna is having good effect in treating Mutrashamari. The formulation is possessing Ashmari Bhedana (lithotriptic) and Mutrala(diuretic)properties.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Mutrashmari,Urolithiasis,Lithotriptic,Diuretic,Kataka Beeja Churna.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This article is a postcolonial critique of the foisted colonial development through re-reading Bibhutibhsan Bandyopadhyay's seminal work Aranyak: of the Forest written in 1930's. It attempts to readjust the literary frame of colonial Indian writings by relocating it in the present day postcolonial discourse over scuppering ecological symmetry, neo-colonial praxis, peasantry despondency, tribal tribulation in a 'progressive' world system and a continued assortment of discernible incongruence at various societal layers. The novel dwells into the beastly colonial agricultural expansion at the expense of the forests lands juxtaposing the thriving chasm along classes, diminishing human values and loss of nature. The alienation of aesthetic, being and the ethical ebbing as the fallout of the deliberated colonial mechanism, produces the pithily substance of learning in harmony and mutual respect in sync with the sustainability of planet earth. In the present age of ongoing environmental setbacks, Aranyak emerges as referent.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

environment, literature, tribal, development, civilization, post-colonial, forest, ecology

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract - The quality of Environment decides the richness of flora and fauna. We all know that our environment due to human activities specially after the industrial revolution has been greatly influenced. Here in this paper an attempt has been made to see the man environment relation during Covid-19 lockdown. Both positive and negative impacts have been seen during these periods. The positive impacts were seen on quality of environment in terms of all types of pollutions level have reduced, growth of wild grass, species diversities, and increase in the numbers of species and better use of technology. The negative impacts have been observed on the human behaviour, low growth rate of economy and in many cases poaching of animals and increase number of crimes as people lost their jobs.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Natural Environment, Covid-19, Species diversities, pollution, quality, lockdown

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

ABSTRACT: This is Information Era Almost all work done with information and these all information's and information materials are stored from many years as valuable for every generation. The Present Study is an effort to discuss and sharing knowledge about the preservation and conservation techniques used by libraries located in Nagpur District.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Preservation, conservation, materials and book storage

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

'Female' is a new version that allows women to explore themselves. Women struggle under hurtful situations, and they successfully reach a level when they do not need assistance. However, the world does not sustain itself in this way. Men need women, so women need men. They need each other to maintain themselves in the universe. They are mutually dependent. But none can dominate any; this must be the rule that exists. Our government has rigorously worked to invent fundamental rights that give equality to both the sexes, but the conditions get different. There are still several inequalities that exist between the genders. Even today, women are considered distorted, mentally disabled, and physically and domestically tortured. It is also a crime in the form of the exploitation of women. We all know how women perform so ably in all the spheres. They work with high responsibilities; however, they receive no awards as men receive. Women exist as worse and men as superior. This research focuses on analysing women's role in society, their miserable conditions, and how they are subjugated to an extent. Even in the 21st century in India, male dominance is witnessed. Our governments, schools, institutions and firms have regulated many laws to avoid ill practices against women; atrocity does not end towards women even then. This research also analyses why the situation does not improve and what other desideratum is needed to give equal freedom and rights to women.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Feminism, Inferiority complex, Gender, Inequalities, Male dominance, Exploitation, Crime

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The world of astonishing scientific development and technological progress has led the attitude of people only into darkness.The more a man possesses, the more he earns for and even he desires to accumulate more wealth in spite of devastating the pristine beauty of Nature. Rather being looting the hidden treasure of the universe, She has to be cherished and protected like woman. The heinous deed of a man is the deplation of the environment and the socially downtrodden people through the self-made environmental disaster. In today's world, the industrial plants emerge as a great demon to devour the lives of innocent victims. Everywhere public should oppose the government and the company to set their plant in a residential area.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Environmental Humanities, Eco-ethics, Eco-crime, Eco-politics, Man-made environmental cataclysm.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition