IJCRT Peer-Reviewed (Refereed) Journal as Per New UGC Rules.
ISSN Approved Journal No: 2320-2882 | Impact factor: 7.97 | ESTD Year: 2013
Scholarly open access journals, Peer-reviewed, and Refereed Journals, Impact factor 7.97 (Calculate by google scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool) , Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Indexing in all major database & Metadata, Citation Generator, Digital Object Identifier(CrossRef DOI)
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Paper Title: FORMULATION AND SENSORY EVALUATION OF CALCIUM RICH CRACKERS ENRICHED WITH FINGER MILLET, MORINGA AND SESAME
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107256
Register Paper ID - 209968
Title: FORMULATION AND SENSORY EVALUATION OF CALCIUM RICH CRACKERS ENRICHED WITH FINGER MILLET, MORINGA AND SESAME
Author Name(s): Gauri Pillai, Anuradha Shekhar
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: c185-c191
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1157
Intake of dietary calcium from food sources rich in the nutrient, such as Finger Millet, Moringa and Sesame, are ways to increase the calcium levels in individuals. This can be an effective approach to reduce calcium deficiency. A cracker is a crispy version of a biscuit and an attempt has been made to develop it using the ingredients mentioned above. Crackers available in the market contain refined flour, preservatives and have a high GI (Glycemic Index). The crackers developed in the present study are rich in calcium, contain fibre, proteins, and healthy fats and have anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. It is a complete protein food and could correct multiple deficiencies. The purpose of this study is to develop a snack with high calcium content, perform its sensory evaluation to determine its shelf life. The study will also look at its packaging, nutritional labelling, budgeting and marketing aspects.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Dietary Calcium, Food Product, Sensory Evaluation, Finger Millet Flour, Moringa
Paper Title: MCIP: THE ROLE OF PRE-COMMUNICATION AND SAFETY MUTUALITY
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107255
Register Paper ID - 204743
Title: MCIP: THE ROLE OF PRE-COMMUNICATION AND SAFETY MUTUALITY
Author Name(s): G Sathya Parimala, P. Sri Bharathi, P.S.R.Krishna
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: c178-c184
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1353
Digital insurance is a reasonable strategy for moving digital danger. In any case, it has been shown that relying upon the qualities of the hidden climate, the security condition of the organization could possibly improve. In this report, we think about a solitary (essential) safety net provider that boosts benefits with the intentional interest of policyholders/customers (specialists). We are especially keen on two unmistakable qualities of online protection and their effect on the agreement plan issue. The first is the associated idea of network safety, whereby an element's security status depends on its own ventures and endeavors, yet in addition on the endeavors of others in a similar environment (for example externality). Second is the way that new progressions in Internet estimation joined with AI procedures presently permit us to perform exact quantitative appraisals of safety position at the endeavor level. This can be utilized as a device to play out an underlying security review, or a short rundown, of a possible client to consider better separation and custom strategy plan. We show that security association prompts a "mutual benefit opportunity" for the safety net provider, made by wasteful degrees of cooperation by reliant specialists who disregard the externalities of danger when protection isn't free; This is notwithstanding the danger move that a back up plan normally appreciates. The preselection of protections at that point permits the back up plan to make the most of this extra benefit opportunity by planning the suitable agreements that boost the specialists to build their responsibility levels, permitting the guarantor to "sell the responsibility" to associated specialists, just as safeguarding their dangers. We distinguish the conditions under which this kind of agreement leads not exclusively to expanded benefits for the client, yet in addition to a superior condition of organization security.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Network, Security, cybersecurity, manipulative cyber insurance procedures (MCIP)
Paper Title: A STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE OF WARNING SIGNS OF SUICIDE AMONG PARENTS OF TEENAGER IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF BANGALORE WITH A VIEW TO DEVELOP AN INFORMATIONAL BOOKLET
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107254
Register Paper ID - 205074
Title: A STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE OF WARNING SIGNS OF SUICIDE AMONG PARENTS OF TEENAGER IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF BANGALORE WITH A VIEW TO DEVELOP AN INFORMATIONAL BOOKLET
Author Name(s): Mr. Akansh Alexander
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: c174-c177
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1338
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Keywords: Suicide; suicidal behavior; on teenagers; school; risk factors.
Paper Title: A STUDY ON TRAFFICKING OF GIRL CHILD IN INDIA
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107253
Register Paper ID - 209555
Title: A STUDY ON TRAFFICKING OF GIRL CHILD IN INDIA
Author Name(s): Preeti Rana, Prof. A. Laxminath, Prof. S.P. Singh
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: c163-c173
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1131
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
A Study on Trafficking of Girl Child in India
Paper Title: LAWS RELATING TO HUMAN RIGHTS OF WORKING PARENTS IN FACTORIES(INDIA): AN APPRAISAL
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107252
Register Paper ID - 209786
Title: LAWS RELATING TO HUMAN RIGHTS OF WORKING PARENTS IN FACTORIES(INDIA): AN APPRAISAL
Author Name(s): Dr. Virender Negi, Malika Chadda
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: c154-c162
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1160
Parenthood is a mechanism of upbringing and taking care of the child. Parenthood is an inalienable right of a Parent irrespective of their status viz. Gender, Economic, Physical, etc.; yet not provided unconditionally in situations where a parent is working. Numerous impediments raise a pillar of hurdles for a Working Parent to reach out to the child. Right to life includes Right to live with dignity and the utmost dignity is to care your child and have access to your parent. But, despite legal recognition internationally and nationally the working parents still face challenges to have the bare minimum rights. Health, Safety and Welfare conditions are required to be channelized so as to secure the Human Rights of the working parents in the factory premises. This paper is an attempt to unveil the Legal Mandates available in respect to Parents working in Factories and to put forth suggestions to plug the loopholes.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Parenthood, Dignity, Human Rights, Working Parent.
Paper Title: DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNET OF THING BASED VENTILATOR SYSTEM
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107251
Register Paper ID - 209903
Title: DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNET OF THING BASED VENTILATOR SYSTEM
Author Name(s): Ankit Haseeja, Pratyush Sinha, Faiz Beg, Varun Kumar Saxena, Sovan Mohanty Sir
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: c148-c153
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1158
In this paper, we propose the design and development of an Internet of thing based ventilator system. The ultimate vision of IoT is to upscale communication mechanisms with a highly distributed and significantly dense heterogeneous devices network. Recently world is under stress due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which causes severe respiratory distress. Therefore, it is essential to develop low-cost and high-efficiency technologies for real-time health detection and continuous treatment system. The IoT-based ventilator is a low-cost, respiratory monitoring, and controlling system. The designed and developed ventilator delivers breaths by compressing a conventional Ambu bag with the help of a fixed arm connected to a servo motor. It eliminates the need for a human operator for the bag valve mask. Tidal volume and number of breaths per minute are set via user-friendly input modes, which help in customizing the pressure according to the real-time requirements of the patient. It has a safety mode that is when the power supply goes down; the backup battery automatically kicks in. A built-in alerts system is embedded to activate and warn the local and the remote locations about any malfunctioning for immediate attention.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
internet of thing, health care, real time patient monitoring, ventilator, ambu bag, big valve mask
Paper Title: ASSESSMENT AND COMPARISON OF CHALLENGES AMONG CRPF PERSONNEL AND THEIR WIVES
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107250
Register Paper ID - 209741
Title: ASSESSMENT AND COMPARISON OF CHALLENGES AMONG CRPF PERSONNEL AND THEIR WIVES
Author Name(s): Nidhi Singh, Suman Audichya
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: c140-c147
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1141
Every family is subjected to challenges in various aspects but the defence families are at a greater risk of challenges than other families. CRPF personnel and their families are more prone to challenges as maximum number of suicidal and fratricidal cases are reported since 2011 to 2017. To accomplish the objective the research study was undertaken in the three districts of Rajasthan i.e. Ajmer, Jaipur and Mount Abu. Total 180 sample were taken for the study including 90 CRPF personnel and their wives. Proportionate sampling technique were used. In order to assess physical, psychological, financial and socio-emotional challenges of personnel and their wives, PPFS-E scale was developed by investigator. Frequency, percentage, mean, sd and Z test were used for data analysis. For the overall challenges, majority of wives experienced challenges at moderate level. For the dimension wise challenges, majority of personnel and their wives experienced psychological and socio-emotional challenges at moderate level. For the overall comparison of challenges, personnel face more challenges as compared to their wives and significant difference was observed in their socio-emotional challenges.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
ASSESSMENT AND COMPARISON OF CHALLENGES AMONG CRPF PERSONNEL AND THEIR WIVES
Paper Title: MARKETING AUTOMATION FRAMEWORK
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107249
Register Paper ID - 209791
Title: MARKETING AUTOMATION FRAMEWORK
Author Name(s): Akshay Mahendrakar, Omkar Molak, Sonali Deshpande
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: c128-c139
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1163
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Search Engine Optimization (SEO), Python, Excel, On page, Off page, Web Scraping, Selenium, Beautiful soup, Selenium Web driver, website optimization, Machine Learning, Lead Generation.
Paper Title: COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERSONALITY AMONG UNMARRIED AND MARRIED FEMALE ATHLETES
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107248
Register Paper ID - 209949
Title: COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERSONALITY AMONG UNMARRIED AND MARRIED FEMALE ATHLETES
Author Name(s): Bhawna Baghel, Nibu R Krishnan, Manohar Kumar Pahan
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: c121-c127
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1167
The study aimed to compare personality traits of unmarried and married female athletes using Big five personality Inventory. 400 female athletes from different parts of India and different sports were randomly selected. Data were analysed using independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Result reveals there married female athletes significantly differs from unmarried female athletes in traits like agreeableness, neuroticism and openness, while in extraversion and conscientiousness no significant difference occurred.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Personality, Big Five Inventory, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, Openness, Unmarried and Married Female Athletes
Paper Title: A CSR INITIATIVE OF ENSURING WATER SUSTAINABILITY: FMCG SECTOR IN INDIA
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107247
Register Paper ID - 209946
Title: A CSR INITIATIVE OF ENSURING WATER SUSTAINABILITY: FMCG SECTOR IN INDIA
Author Name(s): Dr Hema Gupta, Dr Anu Jain
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: c113-c120
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1138
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
CSR, water sustainability, Indian Companies Act 2013, FMCG Sector
Paper Title: A STUDY ON CHANGING DYNAMICS OF WHITE COLLAR CRIME
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107246
Register Paper ID - 209944
Title: A STUDY ON CHANGING DYNAMICS OF WHITE COLLAR CRIME
Author Name(s): AJAY RANA, Kuljeet Singh
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: c100-c112
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1193
Crime, as well as old law, and civilization itself. In a civilized society, and that would not be a criminal. "Eye for eye, eye for eye, life for life," and he was a fan of crime. As society progresses, its crime rate increases. Now, with advances in science and technology, a new type of crime has become known as the white supremacist. "White column, please refer to crimes committed by businessmen, businessmen, government officials, civil servants and professionals, and, due to fraud or misrepresentation of traditional blue-collar crime, known to be linked to the most common categories of crime, anti-corruption and anti-bribery, drug trafficking, drugs, fraud, tax evasion, black marketing and profits, fundraising, money laundering, human trafficking, cyber crime, etc., etc. In the first lesson, "Introduction to the Historical Vision, taken from the history of white crime rates. This chapter describes the type of "white crime, and the history behind it.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Paper Title: WASTE TO ENERGY: GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY USING WASTE MATERIALS
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107245
Register Paper ID - 209945
Title: WASTE TO ENERGY: GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY USING WASTE MATERIALS
Author Name(s): ABHISHEK PANDEY, ASHUTOSH SINGH, PRABHUDAYAL SINGH, Dr. AKHILENDRA SINGH YADAV
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: c94-c99
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 3029
The gigantic growth in the amount and multeity of waste materials produced in India and their potentially dangerous results in the environment and human health Which have led to create several disease in Human bodies, So we need to ingurgitate scholarly methods for safe arrangement of garbage. This is an innovative idea of generating electricity Using solid waste Which lead to decrease pollution by stoping to produce almost all dangerous gasses like CO2,CO, SO2,NO2 and Heavy metals such as mercury to a huge number. With a population of millions India produces large number of waste every day to Contemplate about this idea. So, we felt that it is valuable working on this project and it is high time to inject the idea of Waste to Energy in India. Firstly, a map plan was carried out for research to collect the fact of total waste generation in India. During this research it was found that some locals were generating electricity using this process ago which encouraged the researchers to carry forward this Project.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Biodegradable Waste,Electricity India,Solid waste management,Agricultural waste,calorifuc value.
Paper Title: FACIAL EXPRESSION RECOGNITION BASED ON CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107244
Register Paper ID - 209935
Title: FACIAL EXPRESSION RECOGNITION BASED ON CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK
Author Name(s): SHAH DHRUVIL AMIT, SHETTY SATHVIK RAVINDRA, SHETTY DISHA RAVINDRA, SHETTY ANKIT SURESH, VIDYA
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: c87-c93
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1135
Human emotions are natural expressions that people make without any conscious effort that is accompanied by the reflexing of facial muscles. Common emotions that a human face expresses in response to various situations include happiness, sadness, surprise, anger, and stable normal. The proposed software detects and recognizes faces as well as recognizes a lot more about that human, which could be used to get feedback from customers or to determine if a person requires assistance. The project's main goal is to create a product that is both affordable and efficient. The AI and digital image processing techniques are used to create the system in Python. Drowsiness is important in situations where there is a need to avoid accidents or mishaps, such as driving or security vigilance. As for the system's ability to recognize the identity card, it is a simple feature in which the installed camera is trained to first focus on the card and recognize its shape and color.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
CNN Model, Emotion Detection, Image Processing
Paper Title: AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER SCREENING: PREDICTION WITH MACHINE LEARNING MODELS
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107243
Register Paper ID - 209938
Title: AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER SCREENING: PREDICTION WITH MACHINE LEARNING MODELS
Author Name(s): Kruthi C H, Tejashwini H N, Poojitha G S, Shree Lakshmi H S, Shobha Chandra K
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: c79-c86
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1124
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
AQ-10 dataset, random forest, CART, ID3, Machine learning, ASD , User Interface.
Paper Title: PREDICTION OF FINANCIAL DISTRESS USING ALTMAN Z SCORE - A STUDY OF SELECTED FOOTWEAR COMPANIES IN INDIA
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107242
Register Paper ID - 209931
Title: PREDICTION OF FINANCIAL DISTRESS USING ALTMAN Z SCORE - A STUDY OF SELECTED FOOTWEAR COMPANIES IN INDIA
Author Name(s): S. Kannamudaiyar, Dr. P. Chellasamy
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: c72-c78
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1131
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
accuracy, altman z score efficiency, financial distress
Paper Title: A REVIEW ON MICROEMULSION A RECENT APPROACH FOR TOPICAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107241
Register Paper ID - 209815
Title: A REVIEW ON MICROEMULSION A RECENT APPROACH FOR TOPICAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Author Name(s): Vaibhav Dinkar Mane, Vipul M. Patil, Manisha V. Mane, Sachinkumar V. Patil
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: c62-c71
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1181
A drug delivery method has been explored as microelectric emulsions that are optically isotropical, and thermodynamically stable water, oil, surfactant and/or surfactants due to their potential to solubilize poorly water soluble medicines and to their increased topical and systemic availability. The lipophilic drugs mobility may be solubilized and the skin can be entered quickly and effectively. Thus the topical administration of drugs is helpful. Many commonly utilized topical treatments such as salts, creams and lotions have numerous drawbacks such as sticky texture, causing discomfort when applied, They have a lower coefficient of propagation so applied by rubbing and they also show a stability concern. The difficulty of stability of the microemulsion is low viscosity, but it may be solved by adding viscosity and the moisturizing stratum corneum into topical DDS, which increases dermal penetration and skin flow of medical devices. Because of all these considerations, the use of transparent gels in pharmaceutical preparations has grown in the main semi-solid preparation category.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Microemulsion, Topical drug delivery, Polymers.
Paper Title: SOCIAL DISTANCE AND FACE MASK DETECTION
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107240
Register Paper ID - 209858
Title: SOCIAL DISTANCE AND FACE MASK DETECTION
Author Name(s): Fahad Hassan, Mridula Prabhakar, Himanshu Rawat, Soumya Roy
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: c57-c61
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1113
With the recent outbreak and rapid transmission of the Covid-19 pandemic, the need for the public to comply with social distancing standards, and to wear masks in public places, is only growing. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in order to comply with the necessary social distancing, people should maintain a distance of at least 3 feet from one another. This research paper focuses on a solution that will help you to secure the relevant social distance, by the use of the YOLO (You Only Look Once) object detection on in the video footages and images in real-time. The experimental results presented in the paper show that the detection of masked faces, faces and the human subjects, which is based on the YOLO, has a faster, safer and more secure, and better recognition rate when compared with its competitors. Our proposed object detection models have reached a high level of accuracy in excess of 90% with a very good output speed. The network is faster, and also makes sure that the output speed is capable of producing real-time results without compromising on accuracy. The model also provides promising results in variable scenarios.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Single shot detector, Convolutional neural network, You only look once, Computer Vision
Paper Title: ENRICHING COMMENT CLASSIFICATION THROUGH NLP AND FUZZY CLASSIFICATION
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107239
Register Paper ID - 209874
Title: ENRICHING COMMENT CLASSIFICATION THROUGH NLP AND FUZZY CLASSIFICATION
Author Name(s): Kalyani Patil, Nikita Patel, Ragini Patel, Mansi Patel, Mr.A.P.Khan
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: c51-c56
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1095
Communication and interaction socially are one of the basic needs of a human being. This has been instrumental in achieving large-scale improvements in the communication platform leading to the growth of the internet and the advent of social media networks. This approach has been significant in providing effective social interaction between individuals over large distances through the use of the internet platform and social media networks. These social media platforms have been improved significantly over the past few years and have added the ability to write posts with various media such as photos and videos that can be uploaded for other individuals to look at and comment. There has been a rise of people that are highly negative there are a lot of negative comments and sarcastic comments being posted on these platforms. There is a need to reduce these instances which can be highly damaging to the reputation of the social media network as well as lead to dissatisfaction in the users. Therefore to achieve highly accurate comment classification an effective methodology has been presented in this research article that utilizes Term Frequency and Inverse Document Frequency along with Artificial Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic to achieve precise comment classification. The approach has been extensively tested through rigorous experimentation that has achieved satisfactory results
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Natural Language Processing, Fuzzy Classification, TF-IDF, Artificial Neural Networks.
Paper Title: ABSTRACTIVE SUMMARIZER
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107238
Register Paper ID - 209853
Title: ABSTRACTIVE SUMMARIZER
Author Name(s): Swapnil Sagar, Monti Patel, Umakant Kumar Yadav, Swapnil Jagtap, Dipti Pawar
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: c47-c50
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1141
Abstractive method of Text Summarization means generating a short and concise summary that captures the context of the source text in a smaller form. The generated summaries mostly contain new sentences and phrases that may not appear in the source text. Summaries play a vital role for readers who regularly read and search for documents. We have created a model using Deep Learning and LSTM which generates a short abstractive summary. This process requires a lot of theoretical implementations and challenges which need to be overcome which a discussed in detail in this paper.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Abstractive summarization, Natural Language Processing, Beautiful Soup, Deep learning, LSTM
Paper Title: LINEAR THRESHOLD TUNNELING TECHNOLOGY BASED 4-BIT BINARY-CUM-BCD ADDER
Publisher Journal Name: IJCRT
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2107237
Register Paper ID - 209924
Title: LINEAR THRESHOLD TUNNELING TECHNOLOGY BASED 4-BIT BINARY-CUM-BCD ADDER
Author Name(s): ANUP KUMAR BISWAS
Publisher Journal name: IJCRT
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: c31-c46
Year: July 2021
Downloads: 1105
ABSTRACT Single Electron tunneling based threshold gate is one approach by that we can implement all logic gates, sequential and combinational circuits. Threshold Logic Gates (TLGs) and Single Electron tunneling devices (SEDs) keep the capabilities of controlling the transport of an electron through a tunnel junction at a particular time. A single electron containing the charge is adequate to store an information in a SED. Power required in the single electron tunneling circuits is low in comparison with the (CMOS) circuits. The processing delay is very low and speed of the processing of TLG based devices will be close to electronic speed. The single-electron transistor (SET) and TLG are attracting scientists, technologists and researchers to design and implement for the consuming of ultra-low power and their small sizes. All tunneling events in a TLG-based circuit happen when only a single electron tunnels from one conductor to other through the tunnel junction when the proper voltages are applied. For implementing logic gates, Full adder and a binary-cum-BCD adder, TLG would be a best candidate to fulfill the necessities requiring their implementations. So far as an Ultra-low noise is concerned, TLG based circuit can be considered as a best selection for implementing the desired tunneling circuits. Different TLGs like 2-input AND, 3-input OR, Full adder, and a binary-cum-BCD adder have been implemented by using linear threshold logic gates or devices. Threshold network, truth table and simulated results of them are given in parallel in due places.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Key words: BCD adder, Electron-tunneling, Coulomb-blockade, linear threshold gate
The International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) aims to explore advances in research pertaining to applied, theoretical and experimental Technological studies. The goal is to promote scientific information interchange between researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners working in and around the world.
Indexing In Google Scholar, ResearcherID Thomson Reuters, Mendeley : reference manager, Academia.edu, arXiv.org, Research Gate, CiteSeerX, DocStoc, ISSUU, Scribd, and many more International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) ISSN: 2320-2882 | Impact Factor: 7.97 | 7.97 impact factor and ISSN Approved. Provide DOI and Hard copy of Certificate. Low Open Access Processing Charges. 1500 INR for Indian author & 55$ for foreign International author. Call For Paper (Volume 13 | Issue 11 | Month- November 2025)

