Volume 11 | Issue 7

 Abstract

Gandhi Ji was a great supporter of Swaraj. His concept of Swaraj was just like Ram Rajya on kingdom of God on the earth. The aim of this paper is to bring to light the significance of the comprehensive nature of Swaraj advocated by Mahatma Gandhi.

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Swaraj, Ramaraj, Self Government, Village Swaraj, Parliament.

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Steganography is used to conceal information such as text, photos, and videos in other media files such as photographs, videos, and music. We can use steganography to safely transport communications from one host to another. Currently, we cannot rely on the server side to encrypt our communications from beginning to finish because the server side knows both the sender and receiver's keys. We can ensure that the server does not decode and keep our messages in plain text by using steganography. We can protect our messages both from the server and from outsiders. With steganography, we save our secret data in the pixels' least significant bits. Putting data in the least significant bits has little effect on the picture since the pixel values fluctuate significantly. We may encrypt data into graphics using several strategies such as sequential, prime, and equation ciphering. To interpret such a picture, the intruder must search for all possible combinations of pixels, which raises the task's temporal complexity exponentially. We may use this strategy to secure our communications not just from attackers but also from server-side proxy attacks. With this approach, the transmitter and receiver agree on some keys that will be used to encrypt and decrypt data from photographs. Only two keys must be remembered by the user: the beginning point and the method used to encrypt data into the Pictures.

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Data Hiding, Steganography, Cyber Security, Cryptography, Data Security, Secure Communication.

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"A STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE REGARDING DENTAL PROBLEMS AND ITS PREVENTION AMONG PARENTS HAVING PRESCHOOL CHILDREN RESIDING IN SELECTED AREA OF JODHPUR." AUTHOR: DIVYA SHARMA Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), dental caries is a global public health concern and is also the most prevalent non-communicable disease.5 Over the years, there has been reduction in the prevalence of dental caries in the developed nations, probably due to the application of preventive measures6, dental caries has become even more widespread in developing countries like India. This can be attributed to poor public health awareness regarding the disease and its preventive measures.7 Dental caries, a common disease in children, is considered a major public health problem globally and if left untreated, it can affect a child's quality of life in the form of pain, discomfort, inability to chew, dental sepsis, etc., which may result in loss of school days.8 Poor oral health also has a significant impact on the growth and cognitive development of a child by interfering with nutrition, concentration, and school participation.9 Methodology A quantitative research approach and descriptive research design were adopted. The sampling technique used for the study was Purposive sampling. Parents who have children (preschool age group) and who met the inclusion criteria were selected as samples for the study. The sample size was 120 parents of preschool children. The tool used for data collection was a self-modified questionnaire consisting of two sections Demographic variables, and structured questionnaire. Result: The result shows that the knowledge score, Among the total numbers of the sample (120), 76 (63.3%) sample had inadequate knowledge, 29 (24.2%) of the sample had moderately adequate knowledge and 15 (12.5%) of the sample had adequate knowledge regarding the dental problem and its prevention among parents having preschool children with Mean score of 10.79 and S.D. score of 6.371. Regarding the association between knowledge regarding the dental problem and their prevention among parents having preschool children, knowledge was independent of "Parents participated in the interview, and food habits", and dependent on "occupation of father, education of father, occupation of mother, education of mother, Family income of parents, and previous knowledge about dental health problem". Conclusion The study shows there is a lack of knowledge and negative attitude regarding dental caries among primary school children's parents. The planned teaching program is one of the best methods to improve knowledge and attitude regarding dental caries among primary school children's parents. Keywords; Knowledge, Dental Problems, Prevention, Preschool Children.

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Keywords; Knowledge, Dental Problems, Prevention, Preschool Children.

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Abstract: Bougs hall ticket prevision consists of a web application where the invigilator uploads the image of the hall ticket. The hall ticket is send to the backend of the web application where the text from hall ticket is infusion using OCR(Pytesseract ) and face recognition of the student is done by using technquies like Face Recognition Algorithms like (deepface) facenet etc. A database is there to store the information of the students. Details as well as photos are compared and result is sent to the frontend and the invigilator could separate the student as real or fake.

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OCR, MTCNN,Face recognition algorithms

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The purpose of the study is to encourage the primary school children for their involvement in the value based activities. The researcher adopts a new technique in the sense that making them aware of the evaluation result will lead to healthy competition and enhance their level of performance. For this he adopted the Pre-test Post-test control group design in which the experimental group was only given treatment and the control group followed the conventional method. Tools like observation cum interview schedule, portfolio box, and display board were used for the conduct of the study. The study reveals that the technique (display of other curricular evaluation result) proved effective.

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Display Board, Portfolio Box, Observation cum Interview schedule, Other Curricular area

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Darunavir, RP-HPLC, Method Development, Validation.

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: Email spam refers to the distribution of unsolicited and unwanted bulk messages via email, affecting individuals, businesses, and organizations globally. Its purpose is to promote products, services, or fraudulent activities, often using deceptive tactics to entice recipients. Email spam can lead to inbox clutter, privacy risks, and security threats for individuals, while businesses may face productivity losses, cybersecurity risks, and reputational damage. To combat spam, various measures have been developed, including spam filters and email authentication protocols. However, spammers continuously adapt their techniques, necessitating ongoing advancements in email security. Mitigating the impact of email spam requires effective detection and prevention mechanisms, along with user awareness and caution. Maintaining a secure and reliable email environment remains crucial in the face of this persistent challenge. To effectively combat this issue, supervised machine learning algorithms have been widely employed, with Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machines (SVM), and Random Forest being among the most popular choices. However, a comprehensive comparative analysis is necessary to determine the most effective algorithm for accurately identifying spam emails. This research paper presents a detailed comparative analysis of Naive Bayes, SVM, and Random Forest in terms of their performance metrics, computational efficiency, and ease of implementation for email spam detection. The study aims to provide valuable insights and guidance for researchers and practitioners in selecting the optimal approach for effective spam detection.

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Email spam detection, supervised machine learning, Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machines, Random Forest, comparative analysis, performance evaluation.

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Curcumin, a low molecular weight , lipophilic major yellow natural polyphenolic and the most well known plant derivedcompound, is extracted from the rhizomes of the turmeric [ curcuma longa] plant, belonging to Zingiberaceae.Curcumin and its analogues prevent oxidative damage and inhibit the binding of toxic metabolites to DNA. Its anti- inflammatory, anticancer and anti-oxidant properties of exploited efficiency may benefit mankind in colourful ways. It has a low toxic effect on the body, hence large doses can be given without any fear of toxicity that reflects its broad therapeutic index. It shows a wide spectrum of biological actions like anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, antimutagenic, anti-coagulant,antifertility, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antiviral, antifibrotic, antiulcer, hypotensive, hypercholesterolaemia, antivenom activities.This review article mainly focuses on the properties, chemistry, pharmacological activities like antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-HIV, antimicrobial, antifertility, anti-parkinsonism, antifungal, anticoagulant,cardioprotective, hepatoprotective and also effective in various types of cancers and also their toxicity studies.

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Anti-inflammatory,Antioxidant,Curcuma longa,Curcumin extractionCurcumin

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This research paper explores the Buddhist critique of development, analyzing the alignment of Buddhist philosophy with sustainable development practices. The paper examines modern development models and alternative approaches based on Buddhist principles, presenting case studies to support the analysis. Findings suggest that the Buddhist critique offers valuable insights into sustainable development and highlights the importance of further research in this field.

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Buddhism on Sustainable Development

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Multiplication is the basic building block for several DSP processors, Image processing and many other. Over the years the computational complexities of algorithms used in Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) have gradually increased. This requires a parallel array multiplier to achieve high execution speed or to meet the performance demands. A typical implementation of such an array multiplier is Partial product design. Partial product multiplier is a type of parallel array multiplier. The architecture of Partial product multiplier mainly consists of some Carry Save Adders, array of AND gates and one Ripple Carry Adder. In this research work, a new design of Partial Product Multiplier is proposed and this proposed design of multiplier uses a very fast parallel prefix adder (Kogge Stone Adder) in place of Ripple Carry Adder. The architecture of standard Partial Product Multiplier is modified in this work for reducing the delay due to Ripple Carry Adder and performing faster multiplication of two binary numbers. This research also presents a comparative study of FPGA implementation on Spartan2 and Spartartan2E for new multiplier design and standard partial product multiplier. The RTL design of proposed new Partial Product Multiplier and standard partial product multiplier is done using Verilog HDL. The simulation is performed using ModelSim. The Xilinx ISE design tool is used for FPGA implementation. Comparative result shows the modified design is effective when compared in terms of delay with the standard design.

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Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Verilog HDL, Design tool and Simulation.

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This project introduces a set of graph-based algorithms for efficiently 3-2 and 4-2 Adder VLSI circuits using simple cells. The proposed algorithms are concerned to, first, effectively minimize the number of logic elements implementing the synthesized circuit. Then, we focus a significant effort on minimizing the number of inverters in between these logic elements. Finally, this logic representation is mapped into a circuit comprised of only two-input NANDs and NORS, along with the inverters. Two-input XORs and XNORs can also be optionally considered. As we also consider sequential circuits in this work, flip-flops are taken into account as well. Additionally, with high-effort optimization on the number of logic elements, the generated circuits may contain some cells with unfeasible fanout for current technology nodes. In order to fix these occurrences, we propose an area-oriented, level-aware algorithm for fanout limitation. The proposed algorithms were applied over a set of benchmark circuits and the obtained results have shown the usefulness of the method. We show that efficient implementations in terms of inverter count, transistor count, area, power and delay can be generated from circuits with a reduced number of both simple cells and inverters, combined with XOR/XNOR-based optimizations. The proposed buffering algorithm can handle all unfeasible fanout occurrences, while (i) optimizing the number of added inverters; and (ii) assigning cells to the inverter tree based on their level criticality. When comparing with academic and commercial approaches, we are able to simultaneously reduce the average number of inverters, transistors, area, power dissipation and delay up to 48%, 5%, 5%, 5%, and 53%, respectively. As the adoption of a limited set of simple standard cells have been showing benefits for a variety of modern VLSI circuits constraints, such as layout regularity, routability constraints, and/or ultra low power constraints, the proposed methods can be of special interest for these applications. Additionally, some More-than-Moore applications, such as printed electronics designs, can also take benefit from the proposed approach.

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Graph-based algorithms. logic synthesis. technology 3-2 and 4-2 Adder. standard cell library. simple cells.

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The major part of the Indian economy is dominated by the unorganized sector. The unorganized sector is more apparent in our Indian economy. The unorganized retail sector is a low-cost retail format and is usually managed by the single individuals and is visible in India in various forms such as local kirana or grocery shops or moms and pops stores, cigarette shops, convenience stores, pavement vendors, hawkers, hand cart etc. It is dominating by having 97% share in the Indian retail market due to the facts such as low real estate prices, cheap labour, low or no taxes, managed by single person, poverty, unemployment, providing credit to the local consumers, convenience to the local consumers etc. It is an evitable part of the economy having a direct and indirect impact on the productivity, job opportunities, transformation, economic cycles and economic growth. It is an instrument of commercial changes in the economy. Women entrepreneurship has been recognized as an important source of economic growth. Women entrepreneurs create new jobs for themselves and others and also provide society with different solutions to management, organization and business problems.

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Unorganized Sector, Women Entrepreneurship, Retail Market.

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Abstract: Global warming has become the most apparent threat to humanity on Earth. Under the worldwide warming mechanism, a set of equations is found between thermodynamic and dynamic components that can control the changes in the intensity and frequency of rainfall events over a region. Due to global warming, scientists widely expect these trends to pursue as the earth warms; for each degree of Celsius warming, the air extent of water vapor goes up by about 7 percent. Therefore, an atmosphere with more water vapor can generate more intense rainfall events. In this paper, the study investigates the variability of high-intensity rainfall events under the global warming scenario on an annual and seasonal basis in Ramgad Watershed, Kumaun Lesser Himalaya Uttarakhand, India, over the past fifty years. The study used the ground observed climatic data of the Automated Weather Station [AWS] of the Indian Meteorological Department situated in the watershed for the last 50 years. The result shows that the annual mean temperature of Ramgad Watershed is increased at the rate of 0.180C during the past fifty years while the study investigates the watershed recorded a progressively increasing trend in the events of high-intensity rainfall, overall, 123 high-intensity rainfall events with an increasing rate of 0.11% in the past fifty years. Furthermore, during the monsoon month, it has been observed that a considerably large proportion of high-intensity rainfall events fall in the category of severe rainfall events. At the same time, high-intensity rainfall events have shown a declining trend in the watershed during winter, summer, and post-monsoon seasons. The Study concluded that the increasing rate of mean annual and seasonal temperature over the watershed region has progressively increased the variabilities of high-intensity rainfall events, which emerged as the significant environmental ultimatum and diminishing the sustainability of the socio-ecological system and thus increasing the vulnerability of the population to water, food, and livelihood insecurity in rainfed and densely populated Lesser Himalayan Mountains.

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Key Words: Thermodynamic, Global Warming, High-Intensity Rainfall Events,

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This article contains all the information regarding the conduction of community trials of a new drug that is yet to be launched in the market for the public use.It also include the clinical trials design. Further, it also provides vital information about the various phases of the clinical trials. The role of important regulatory authorities such as FDA and it's monitoring post approval of the drug is also included here. This article also involves the information about the changes that are required in conducting clinical trials if any incompatibility occurs.

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Adverse drug effect, Clinical Trials, Therapeutic effect, FDA.

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Autism is characterized by difficulty in reciprocal social interaction, communication impairment and behavioural abnormalities. May 2013 publication of the Diagnostic Statistical Manual (DSM-V), all autism disorders were merged into one umbrella diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Previously, they were recognized as distinct subtypes, including Autistic Disorder, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder, Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) and Asperger syndrome. ASD can be associated with intellectual disability, difficulties in motor coordination and attention and physical health issues such as sleep and gastrointestinal disturbances. Some persons with ASD excel in visual skills, music, math and art. Most cases of autism, however, appear to be caused by a combination of autism risk genes and environmental factors influencing early brain development. There is evidence to suggest that diagnostic features of ASD are evident in very young children with observing symptoms within the first 2 years of life. The assessment of Autism focuses on the skills most essential for social and communication development is conducted to determine an individual's current profile of social communication skills, identify priority learning objectives within natural communication contexts and examine the influence of the communication partner and the environment. Core challenges of ASD take different forms as an individual responds to intervention and progresses through developmental stages from pre-linguistic to emerging language and advanced language stages. Actual goals will vary based on those aspects of development that are consistent with family priorities and with the individual's functional needs within his or her current social contexts. Treatment for individuals with ASD typically includes, setting goals based on assessment data that target the core deficits in ASD and focus on initiating spontaneous communication in functional activities and using a range of approaches for enhancing communication skills along a continuum from behavioral to developmental.

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ISSUES AND MANAGEMENT, AUTISM, AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD), ASPERGER SYNDROME, CHILDHOOD DISINTEGRATIVE DISORDER, PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER-NOT OTHERWISE SPECIFIED (PDD-NOS)

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a study on performance evaluation on selected banks in india

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a study on performance evaluation on selected banks in india

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is adhyayan ka uddeshy uttarapradesh raajy ke aajamagadh jile mein shaharee kshetr mein rahane vaale bujurg purush evan mahilaon kee saamaajik evan aarthik sthiti ka vishleshan karana hai. uttaradaataon kee saamaajik-aarthik sthiti saamaajik-saanskrtik kaarakon ke mahatv ko samajhate hue, adhikaansh saamaajik vigyaan shodh saamaajik ghatana kee vyaakhya unake vyaapak saamaajik-saanskrtik sandarbh mein karate hain. ek vyakti ek varg hai aur varg chetana aur us varg kee jeevan shailee ka pratinidhitv karata hai jisase vah sambandhit hai. haal ke saamaajik vigyaan kee soch, is tarah ke ek niyataatmak drshtikon ka paalan kie bina, drdhata se vishvaas karatee hai ki saamaajik vyavahaar kaaphee had tak saamaajik-saanskrtik ka ek utpaad hai. adhyayan mein 100 uttaradaataon ka chayan stareekrt namoona takaneek ka upayog karake kiya gaya hai. adhyayan ke nishkarsh se pata chalata hai ki adhikaansh bujurg apanee saamaajik sthiti se santusht hain vaheen kuchh apane rahane kee vyavastha sane santusht nahin the jabaki adhikaansh apanee vrddhaavastha ko achchha maanate hai.

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vaddhaavastha samasyaain, saamaajik sthiti, vrddhaavastha, puroosh, mahila, aajamagadh, shaharee kshetr.

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Introduction: Stomach cancer is also known as gastric cancer.Gastric cancer affects the whole digestive system,which includes the mouth,pharynx,esophagus,esophagus,stomach,small intestine,large intestine,rectum,anus.One of the most common risk factors is infection with chronic H Pylori bacterial infection.This is the common bacteria which causes gastritis and gastric ulcer.The infection can lead to persistent inflammation in the stomach, increasing the risk of gastric cancer.Apart from H Pylori bacterial infection, smoking and alcohol consumption are some other risk factors of gastric cancer.Dietary factors are also one of the main causes of gastric cancer.Since cancer is associated a lot with the digestive system,food intake plays a very vital role.Red and processed meat, salty food and a high intake of pickled vegetables are known to increase the risk of gastric cancer.1 Materials and methods: Quantitative approach with descriptive Non-experimental research design was used in this study.The study was conducted in a selected Community at Kollam,Kerala.The target population was adults in selected community.The Non-probability convenient sampling technique was used to collect data.Formal permission was taken by institutional ethics committee and consent taken from adults in selected community at Kollam and data were collected through a knowledge questionnaire.The tool which consisted of Demographic Proforma and knowledge related to Stomach cancer(general knowledge,causes,signsand symptoms,diagnosticmeasures, treatment, and its management).The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: The study revealed that 46% of the adults had poor knowledge,50% had moderate knowledge,4% had good knowledge.Significant association was found between knowledge and demographic variables like diet and source of information at 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion: Stomach cancer is the fourth most common cancer in men and seventh most common cancer in women in India.The study found that 46% of the adults had poor knowledge,50% had moderate knowledge,4% had good knowledge regarding stomach cancer among 100 participants.

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Assess,knowledge,stomach cancer and adults

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In many drug delivery systems that use controlled release, matrix tablets are used. Controlled release matrix tablets promote stability by shielding the active ingredient from hydrolysis and degradation and improve patient compliance by reducing dose frequency. It uses either a diffusion control mechanism or a dissolution control mechanism to release pharmaceuticals at a defined and predicted pace in a regulated way. The rate-controlling agent, or polymers, which might be hydrophilic, plastic, lipidic, or mineral, evenly disperses the active ingredient. The polymer slows down the rate of release. As a result, it regulates drug blood levels at a consistent therapeutic level, avoids volatility, and guards against systemic or localized adverse responses.

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Matrix tablets, controlled release, Polymers, Production methods.

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Chlor-alkali industry, effluent, solid waste, mercury, BAF, TF.

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