Volume 13 | Issue 7

 Abstract

Shatavari, Asparagus racemosus is one of the most important herbal drug used by Ayurvedic Vaidyas since ancient days. The drug is having wide range of therapeutic activity and mentioned as a Rasayan by ancient Ayurvedic texts. The main part (prayojyanga) used by Ayurvedic doctors is a root. Shatavari ksheerapaka, prepared using Asparagus racemosus in cow milk, offers potential therapeutic benefits due to its Snigdha (unctuous), Sheeta (cooling), Rasayana (rejuvenative) & Chakshushya (pleasant to eyes) properties. Due to its Chakshushya property shatavari is traditionally used in the treatment of Dry eye disease according to ayurvedic texts.

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Shatavari, ksheerapaka, Rasayan, Chakshushya, Prayojyanga.

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In the current study, hard rock aquifers of the Deccan trap basalt in Maharashtra's Washim district were evaluated for hydrogeochemical and multivariate statistical investigation of groundwater quality. To prevent sampling bias, 139 groundwater samples were gathered from the research region using a methodical grid design. All of these groundwater samples' water quality characteristics were examined using titrimetric and sensor-based methods in accordance with conventional BIS and APHA protocols. An LED fluorimeter was used to measure the amount of uranium in each sample. The bulk of the samples fall into the Ca-Mg-HCO3 hydrochemical facies, according to Piper's schematic categorisation. The bulk of samples fall under the rock dominance category, according to the Gibbs plot. Multivariate statistical techniques, including Pearson's correlation, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and principal component analysis (PCA), were applied to explore the underlying structure of groundwater quality data and to identify the key factors governing its variability. The results indicated that both natural processes and anthropogenic activities play a significant role in shaping the groundwater chemistry. The entire sample falls within the good water category, according to the water quality index. All of the samples are within the desired to allowable range for drinking and agricultural use based on TDS.

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LED Fluorimeter, Multivariate Statistics, Groundwater quality.

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To accommodate the growing use of technology to improve the satisfaction and engagement of consumers, businesses increasingly trend toward such emerging technologies in customer support.Traditional models of customer service, the scripted versions of chatbots and static FAQ-can hardly keep abreast with coor missed business opportunities to create meaningful conversations withcustomers. So, these contemporary days have needed powerful AI- enabled solutions as amazing tools for a transformation after improving customer service into providing personalized, efficient, and context- aware support.t. The research will look at a dynamic customer support chatbot designed from the structural capabilities of Google's Gemini Pro AI. It incorporates all the features of multimodal interaction, so users can text and voice seamlessly. Coqui-TTS natural text-to-speech synthesis and OpenAI Whisper high- accuracy speech-to-text transcription pervade examples of cutting-edge technologies, making this highly user- oriented in every possible sense. All this is further supplemented by rich formatting and quick responses to improve interaction experiences so that the information is accurate but engaging and user-friendly. The introduced system will make customer support real-time, intelligent, and scalable to ever-modern expectations. It will be responsive and dynamic on devices, thanks to the usage of Next.js and React frameworks. The brain of the chatbot is built around Google's Gemini Pro AI model, which allows it to understand and process complex queries with the preciseness of human language. Integration by encoding Coqui-TTS, it is possible to comprise a rather livelier or customizable voice response architecture of the system, thus making it easy and attractive to users seeking an auditory interaction interface. Blindly, on the other hand, we could speak about OpenAI Whisper, which economically supports the efficient transcription of user speech, even amidst noise and different accents. This presents a number of significant hurdles to the world of automation in customer support. Some of these challenges include handling multiple queries from users that can range from the mundane to the fairly complex, speed of response that is as close to near-time as possible, and the accessibility of the system for user-set preferences or abilities. With generative AI being coupled with other multimodal functionalities, the chatbot not only enhances the accuracy and relevance of responses but also makes its interaction engaging and intuitive. consumers' more complicated and dynamic questions. Consequently, a hollowness within which customers fail to find an empathetic connection to interpretation leads to frustration, which could result in a decline in brand loyalty

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Customer Support Chatbot, Machine Learning, Google Gemini Pro, Text-to-Speech, Speech-to- Text, Next.js, React, Coqui-TTS, Whisper, Generative AI

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The agricultural procure market committee was prepared by the government of India (act 1938 as a Modal bill) and distributed to all the states in a model bill accordingly most states adapted the 1960s and 1970s. The Karnataka APMC market established in 1966 and is still working present. The principal of APMC market is to free farmers form exploitation of middlemen and all food products are first marketed and then sold.

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"A STUDY ON FARMER PROBLEMS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE OF APMC MARKET IN KOPPAL"

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Infectious diseases remain a significant global health challenge, intensified by emerging pathogens, antimicrobial resistance, and limited healthcare access in low-resource settings whereas the emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed the way of infectious disease management by enhancing diagnostics, surveillance, drug discovery, and personalized treatment strategies. AI-driven approaches like Machine Learning (ML), Natural Language Processing (NLP) and deep learning, have facilitated early identification of disease, optimized healthcare resource allocation, and accelerated both the vaccine and drug development. AI-powered diagnostic tools, such as computer vision-based medical imaging models and real-time epidemiological surveillance systems, have been instrumental in pandemic response efforts. Moreover, use of AI improved Anti-Microbial Resistance (AMR) monitoring, ensuring timely intervention against drug-resistant infections. More specifically, AI is developing at unprecedented scale which is being adopted and deployed even faster in every sphere of life globally. Despite its beneficial potential, there are some challenges like data privacy, ethical concerns, and infrastructure limitations causing barriers to widespread AI adoption in healthcare. Therefore, there is a requirement for collective global efforts to establish governance and standards that uphold the shared values, and address risks and build trust. Thus, the present review explores the current advancements, challenges, and future directions of AI in infectious disease management, highlighting its transformative impact on global health security.

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Artificial Intelligence, machine learning, deep learning, infectious disease, diagnosis, antimicrobial resistance

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India's rich literary tradition is a deep reflection of the subcontinent's cultural evolution, encapsulating centuries of insight, spirituality, and myriad forms of artistic expression. These lineages, profoundly embedded in old philosophical and religious paradigms, have always invited global scholarly engagement. This article explores the development of Indian classical literature--from early ancient texts like the Vedas and Epics to the diverse and lavish literary heritages of Sanskrit, Tamil, and other regional languages. Through thematic exploration, this research reveals profound philosophical understanding within these works. Additionally, it critically evaluates how translation--especially under colonial and postcolonial hermeneutic lenses--has shaped international perceptions of these cultural artifacts.

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Indian classical literature, religious traditions, cultural and spiritual heritage, translation studies, postcolonial critique, hermeneutics

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Sterile pharmaceutical products are categorized into terminally sterilized and aseptically processed products. Aseptic processing is critical where sterilization of the final product is not feasible, and it requires maintaining sterility throughout manufacturing. This review explores the principles, technologies, and validations involved in aseptic processing, emphasizing media fill simulation as a key validation tool. Essential elements such as facility design, personnel training, environmental monitoring, and sterility assurance are discussed. The manuscript outlines protocols, contamination risks, and regulatory requirements to ensure high-quality sterile product manufacturing.

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Aseptic processing, media fill validation, sterile products, environmental monitoring, process simulation, contamination control

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Currently, theCardio vascular diseases is a leading causes of death in India atherosclerotic changes begin in the early ages and progress to great extent during adolescence .many condition makes people to vulnerable to coronary artery disease like Physical inactivity, unhealthy habits, eating fast food, unhealthy competition and stress. A heart is importantparts which integrate the process of oxygen supply and demand in order to function properly. The integrity of the coronary artery is an important determinant of oxygen supply to the heart muscles. The disorder or condition that reduces the diameter of lumen of coronary arteries through which theremay cause a decrease in blood flow and oxygen delivery to the myocardium layer of the heart which is life threatening condition characterized by the formation of local necrotic areas within the myocardium. Acute Myocardial Infarction mostly follows the sudden occlusion of a coronary artery and the stoppage of blood and oxygen flow to the heart muscles. Because the heart muscle must function continuously with rest or any break , blockage of blood to the muscle leads to development of necrotic areas which can be dangerous.

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the Cardio vascular diseases is a leading causes of death in India

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Sampmash Kundali Me Garbh Aur Ling Niardharna Ke Jyotish Sidhdhant : Ek Paramparik Bhartiya Drishtikon

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Sampmash Kundali Me Garbh Aur Ling Niardharna Ke Jyotish Sidhdhant : Ek Paramparik Bhartiya Drishtikon

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In developing countries, traditional medicine derived from plants is increasingly relied upon. Thousands of pharmaceutical chemicals have been isolated from plant species, with many naturally occurring compounds used to treat various illnesses. Moringa oleifera, known as the "miracle tree," offers numerous medicinal benefits beyond its culinary use. This study formulated and evaluated an anti-fungal herbal cream using hydro-alcoholic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves. The extract was obtained through microwave- assisted extraction and formulated into a cream. The cream's organoleptic properties, pH, viscosity, spreadability, homogenicity, and washability were assessed. Patch testing showed low skin irritation risk. The cream's anti-fungal activity against Aspergillus niger was evaluated using the well diffusion method, demonstrating an 18 mm zone of inhibition. The study confirms the retention of Moringa's anti-fungal properties in the cream formulation. The cream exhibited desirable properties, including a pH range suitable for skin (5- 6) and moderate viscosity. The findings suggest Moringaoleifera leaf extract's potential as an effective antifungal agent in herbal cream formulations. This research highlights traditional medicine's importance and natural compounds potential in developing innovative treatments. The formulated cream shows promise for treating fungal infections, warranting further research and development for potential therapeutic applications.

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Anti-fungal cream, Fungal strain, Hydro-alcoholic extract, Moringa oleifera

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Decentralized governance serves as a strategic framework for urban transformation, promoting participatory decision making, efficient resource allocation, and sustainable development. This has emerged as a transformative approach to urban management. This study explores how decentralization facilitates efficient service delivery, participatory decision-making, and sustainable urban transformation, drawing insights from Indore as a case study. This study emphasizes the significance of local governance reforms, innovative policy frameworks, and technological interventions for enhancing urban resilience and socio-economic growth. The theoretical nature of this study examines the principles of decentralization and their implications for urban governance, demonstrating how decentralized governance contributes to national revitalization. Through a strategic analysis of governance models, this study advocates multi-tiered coordination, capacity-building measures, and inclusive policymaking to enhance the effectiveness of urban governance. The findings underscore that a well-structured decentralized governance system complemented by strategic urban planning is pivotal for fostering sustainable urban growth, economic prosperity, and national development.

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Decentralization, Urban Governance, Indore Municipal Corporation, Smart Cities, Participatory Decision-Making, Sustainable Development, Public-Private Partnerships, Waste Management, Citizen Engagement, National Revitalization, Urban Transformation.

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Background: Meditation, a mind-body practice in complementary and alternative medicine, has been practiced for thousands of years, with 65% of the Australian population using it as a therapeutic model. Despite its widespread adoption, there is a need to assess the effectiveness of video-assisted teaching on knowledge regarding meditation among nursing students.Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge of B.Sc. nursing students regarding meditation and its effects on mental health, evaluate the effectiveness of a video-assisted teaching program, and associate knowledge with selected demographic variables.Methodology: A research study was conducted among B.Sc. nursing students at selected nursing colleges in Bhopal. A video-assisted teaching program was developed, and its effectiveness was assessed using a pre-test and post-test design.Results: The study revealed a significant improvement in knowledge scores among nursing students, with a post-test overall knowledge score of 84.15% compared to 44.83% in the pre-test. The majority of students (82.22%) achieved an adequate level of knowledge score after the video-assisted teaching program.Conclusion: This study demonstrates the effectiveness of video-assisted teaching in enhancing knowledge regarding meditation among B.Sc. nursing students. The results suggest that incorporating video-assisted teaching-based learning into nursing education can improve students' understanding of meditation and its benefits for mental health. This innovative approach has the potential to transform nursing education and promote self-learning among students.

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meditation, b sc nursing students, video-assisted teaching, knowledge assessment, mental health, effectiveness, complementary medicine, therapeutic model, pre-test and post-test, nursing education, self-learning, demographic variables, improvement, innovative approach, teaching program

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In this project, we present a simple yet innovative way to control the speed of an AC fan using a mobile phone via Bluetooth. The main focus is on the development of a custom-built sensor that acts like a variable resistor but is controlled by light instead of touch. This sensor is made by placing an LED and an LDR (light-dependent resistor) face to face inside a small, enclosed cylindrical structure. When a PWM (pulse width modulation) signal is sent from an Arduino to the LED, the brightness of the LED changes based on the signal strength. This change in brightness affects the resistance of the LDR. As the LED gets brighter, the LDR's resistance drops, and when the LED dims, the resistance increases. By replacing the traditional potentiometer in a TRIAC-based dimmer circuit with this LDR, we are able to change the fan's speed based on the PWM signal, without any physical contact. The PWM signal is controlled through a mobile application connected to the Arduino via an HC-05 Bluetooth module. This setup allows users to wirelessly adjust fan speed with high precision. The key advantage of this approach is the use of an optically isolated and non-contact method for controlling AC appliances, which increases safety and offers a new way to build smart home devices. Our method introduces a new type of sensor that reacts to electrical input using light and can be used in many other electronic control systems.

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Custom-built Optocoupler, Bluetooth based fan speed, Wireless Fan Speed control

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The social anxiety is the prevalent issue which impacts the well-being of the college students. The present study aimed at exploring the relationship between social anxiety and mental well-being among college students. The objective of the study was to identify whether social anxiety impacts the mental well-being of students pursuing higher education. A quantitative research design was employed using standardized psychological tools. The Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS) and the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS) were used to assess social anxiety and mental well-being, respectively. A sample of 130 college students who was selected through a convenient sampling method. The data was statistically analysed using Pearson's correlation method and t-test. The findings of the study revealed a significant negative correlation between social anxiety and mental well-being among college students. This indicates that higher levels of social anxiety are associated with lower levels of mental well-being. The implications include curriculum making for well-being and early assessment of social anxiety of the student.

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Social Anxiety, Mental Well-Being, Anxiety, Psychological Health

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In the Unani medical system, asthma is referred to by several names, including ??q al nafas, ribw, bo?r, and dama. This chronic inflammatory paroxysmal disease is characterized by the bronchioles' smooth muscles contracting spasmodically, which can make breathing extremely difficult. Asthma is referred to by several names in the Unani medical system. The terms ??q al nafas, ribw, bo?r, and dama are only used for asthma brought on by lung and airway pathologies. In addition to treating symptoms, management should concentrate on using medications that dry and expel the humors, which results in constriction and airway blockage. In 5% of cases, Zeequn Nafas is hard to manage with the current conventional therapy. With its widely recognized bronchodilator, anti-inflammatory, anti-histaminic, leukotriene inhibitor, and expectorant properties, the Unani medical system was chosen. A traditional Unani formulation known as Habb-i-Hindi Zeeqi has been made by the Unani physicians since the dawn of time. Chronic inflammation and an episodic history of wheezing, dyspnea, chest tightness, and coughing that varies with time, intensity, and airflow restriction characterize Zeequn Nafas, a heterogeneous disease. A well-known standard Unani compound formulation with mucolytic, expectorant, or anti-inflammatory qualities is Sharbat Zufa Murakkab. The product is vegetarian and entirely natural. The classical literature of Unani does not mention or report any negative impact of Sharbat Zufa Murakkab. Despite this, Kakra Singhi's Munaffith-i-Balgham and Muhallil's action have made it a successful treatment for chronic bronchitis.

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Rabw, Usr al-Tanaffus, Unani medicine, ??q al-Nafas, or bronchial asthma

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This study examines user satisfaction with library resources and Information and Communication Technology (ICT)-based services across six constituent colleges of Magadh University in Gaya District, Bihar, India. The research employed a comprehensive survey methodology to assess satisfaction levels across various dimensions including collection adequacy, ICT infrastructure, staff competency, and service quality. Data was collected from 480 respondents across Gaya College, A M College, Jagjiwan College, G. B. M. College, S. N. Sinha College (Tekari), and S. M. S. G. College (Sherghati). Results indicate moderate satisfaction levels with traditional library resources but significant gaps in ICT-based services implementation. The study reveals that while physical collections meet basic academic needs, digital infrastructure and technology-enabled services require substantial enhancement to meet contemporary educational demands. Recommendations include strategic investment in digital resources, staff training programs, and infrastructure modernization to improve overall user satisfaction and academic support effectiveness.

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User satisfaction, Library resources, ICT services, Academic libraries, Higher education, Bihar

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Despite substantial government investment in India's agriculture sector, the benefits of spending have primarily supported export growth rather than addressing the well-being of the farmers. The study conducts a secondary analysis of the past decade to explore the persistent challenges faced by Indian farmers despite extensive government support aimed at boosting agricultural productivity and providing financial aid. The rising costs of inputs, crop failures, lack of awareness of schemes and technology, limited market access, and price volatility contribute to unsustainable farming practices, pushing many farmers to remain trapped in cycles of poverty and debt. Government investments in agriculture significantly enhance production and promote export, reflecting the growth at the macroeconomic level. However, these expenditures have limited impact on the economic well-being of small and marginal farmers. While government spending often prioritises large-scale improvements, the benefits fail to trickle down to the grassroots level. Economic struggles of small farmers have been linked to a rise in farmer suicides. Addressing this issue requires holistic policies that focus not only on production but also on farmer welfare, debt relief, and mental health support.

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Public Expenditure on Agriculture, Agriculture Exports, Debt burden , Farmer Suicide.

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The interpretation of Rasasutra - A study on the Utpattivada of Bhattalollata

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The interpretation of Rasasutra - A study on the Utpattivada of Bhattalollata.

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This study examines the physico-chemical and trace metal contamination in 15 ponds in Ratanpur, Chhattisgarh, India, before the monsoon season in 2023. It evaluates potential risks to public health. We analyzed parameters such as pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), fluoride, Iron (Fe), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), and zinc (Zn) according to APHA and WHO standards. We also developed a Water Quality Index (WQI) to combine the findings.

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Pond water, physico-chemical parameters, trace metals, fluorosis, neurotoxicity, Water Quality Index, Ratanpur, community mitigation

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Stability testing is a fundamental aspect of pharmaceutical product development, ensuring that drug substances and finished products maintain their identity, strength, quality, and purity throughout their intended shelf life. This review explores the critical role of stability testing in maintaining the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical formulations. It discusses key objectives, the significance of environmental and formulation-related factors, and the types of stability (physical, chemical, therapeutic, microbiological, and toxicological). The article outlines ICH climatic zones and highlights global regulatory frameworks such as ICH Q1A-Q1F and WHO guidelines. Traditional stability testing methods--including real-time and accelerated protocols--are analyzed alongside innovative approaches such as predictive modelling using artificial intelligence and machine learning, high-throughput screening, and automated chamber. Advanced analytical techniques like HPLC, GC-MS, FTIR, and NMR, which are essential for degradation profiling and stability indication, are also discussed. This review underscores the evolving landscape of stability testing and its vital importance in ensuring drug quality and global regulatory compliance.

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Stability, ICH guidelines, Degradation, Shelf life, Stability indicating studies.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition