Volume 13 | Issue 7

 Abstract

This paper presents a policy-guided secure-by-design architecture for AI-augmented Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), addressing the increasing complexity and security challenges introduced by the integration of artificial intelligence into physical infrastructures. Traditional security approaches, often reactive and perimeter-based, are insufficient to handle the dynamic, autonomous, and interconnected nature of modern CPS. The proposed architecture embeds formalized security policies throughout the system lifecycle, from design to deployment, ensuring continuous enforcement and real-time adaptability. By integrating policy-driven controls with AI decision-making components, the framework enables intelligent threat detection, rapid response, system recovery, and operational continuity while maintaining transparency and human oversight. Evaluated through simulation-based experiments and domain-specific use cases, the architecture demonstrated substantial improvements in threat detection accuracy, reduced policy violations, faster response and recovery times, and enhanced resilience against cyber threats. The results validate the effectiveness of embedding security as a core architectural principle, offering a scalable and trustworthy solution for deploying secure AI-enabled CPS in critical and safety-sensitive environments.

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Cyber-Physical Systems, Secure-by-Design, Artificial Intelligence, Policy Enforcement, System Resilience

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The novel, as a genre of literature, serves as a reflection of life as experienced and lived by human and nonhuman characters. This paper, as its main focus, looks at the reflection of folklife, customs, societal dynamics, and traditions of Mizo society in Hawilopari, the first Mizo novel. This paper explores the delineation of culture, community, and folklife elements, which aid in cultural preservation, provide insight into social dynamics, and allow representation of multiple voices of the society. By analysing these nuanced portrayals, this study underscores the role of Hawilopari in the preservation of cultural heritage and the depiction of the interplay between culture, society, and tradition.

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novel, folklife, society, Mizo, Hawilopari

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The tourism and travel industry has undergone significant transformation with the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI). This paper presents an AI-based tourism system that leverages user preferences, GPS data, and machine learning algorithms to recommend tourist destinations, restaurants, hotels, and attractions. The research highlights the methodology, design approaches, and benefits of implementing AI in tourism. The proposed system provides personalized itineraries and location-based services, ensuring an enhanced traveler experience.The system integrates open geospatial data sources (e.g., OpenStreetMap) to deliver cost effective, extensible location intelligence across regions.A multi language interface and offline fallback dataset (Vizag case study) improve accessibility for travelers in low connectivity and multilingual environments.

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Index Terms - AI Tourism, Travel Recommendation, Smart Tourism, Machine Learning, Location-Based Services

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English plays a pivotal role in both professional and non-professional courses, serving as a bridge to global opportunities, effective communication, and academic success. Here's an overview of its significance in each domain. English is the primary language of international business, science, and technology. Proficiency in English enables professionals to collaborate across borders, access global markets, and engage with diverse cultures. In many fields, especially in multinational corporations, English proficiency is a prerequisite for career progression. It enhances employability, facilitates networking, and opens doors to leadership roles. A vast majority of academic journals, research papers, and industry reports are published in English. Understanding English allows professionals to stay updated with the latest developments in their fields. Most digital platforms, software, and online resources are designed in English. Proficiency in the language ensures effective use of technology and access to a wealth of information.

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Magnitude of English in Professional and Non-Professional Courses

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Chalcones, Spectro-analytical characterization, Swiss ADME, Swiss Boiled-Egg Model.

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"For a warrior, nothing is higher than a war against evil. The warrior confronted with such a war should be pleased, Arjuna , for it comes as an open gate to heaven. But if you do not participate in this battle against evil, you will incur sin, violating your Dharma and your honour " . - Bhagavad-Gita The Advance of technological and scientific development is contributing to the emergence of 'mass society' with a large rank of file and small controlling elite, encouraging the growth of monopolies, the rise of managerial class and intricate institutional mechanism. Strict adherence to high standard of ethical behavior is necessary for the even and honest functioning of the new social, political and economic processes. The inability of all section of society to appreciate this need in full result in the emergence and growth of white collar crime and economic crime, renders enforcement of the laws, themselves not sufficiently deterrent,more-difficult.Tax evasion and avoidance, share-pushing, malpractices in the share market and administration of companies, monopolistic control, usury, under invoicing or over invoicing,hoarding,profertering, substandard performance of contracts of construction and supply, evasion of economic laws, bribery and corruption, election offences and malpractices are some example of white collar crime

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white collar crime, corruption, hawala, santhanama commission,

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A UNESCO World Heritage Site in Assam, India, Manas National Park is well-known for its abundant biodiversity, which includes a number of endangered species like the one-horned rhinoceros, pygmy hog, golden langur, and Bengal tiger. However, the complex effects of climate change are posing a growing threat to this ecologically important region. This study looks at how the park's fragile ecosystem is being impacted by shifting climate patterns, such as rising temperatures, changed rainfall patterns, and an increase in the frequency of extreme weather events. The study examines changes in species behavior and distribution, habitat degradation, flowering and migration patterns, and the spread of invasive species through a combination of field observations, interviews with local communities and forest officials, and analysis of climate data. The study shows that the park's overall ecological balance is being upset in addition to keystone species becoming more vulnerable. Furthermore, the park's wetland ecosystems are further threatened by shifting river flow patterns and sedimentation in the Brahmaputra basin. Socioeconomic resilience and biodiversity conservation are linked because local communities that rely on forest resources for their livelihoods are also experiencing greater hardships. The urgent need for integrated conservation strategies that include community involvement, climate adaptation, and scientific monitoring is emphasized in the study's conclusion. In addition to protecting regional biodiversity, addressing the effects of climate change in Manas is crucial for sustaining ecological services that benefit both local and international populations.

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THE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE MANAS NATIONAL PARK ECOSYSTEM

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This study examines the portrayal of women in Tamil television dramas and their influence on cultural perceptions and societal norms in Tamil Nadu. Utilizing content analysis, the research investigates how these serials depict female characters and the potential impact on viewers' attitudes toward women's roles. A content analysis was conducted on a purposive sample of five popular Tamil television dramas aired between 2020 and 2024. The selected serials include "KAYAL," "Chinna Marumagal," "Karthigai Pengal," "Siragadikka Aasai," and "Karthigai Deepam." A total of 5 episodes from each serial) were analyzed. The analysis focused on character attributes (age, occupation, marital status, socio-economic background), role functions (caregiver, professional, antagonist), interaction patterns and thematic representation. The analysis revealed diverse portrayals of women. Characters embodying conventional roles, such as devoted wives and self-sacrificing mothers, were prevalent, reinforcing existing gender norms. Some serials featured women in leadership positions or pursuing careers, challenging traditional stereotypes and promoting progressive ideals. Narratives often depicted women confronting societal constraints, highlighting themes of resilience and autonomy. The application of the Bechdel test indicated that while many episodes included conversations between women, these discussions frequently centered around familial or relational issues, limiting the scope of female discourse. Tamil television dramas present a complex tapestry of female representation, oscillating between reinforcing traditional gender roles and advocating for societal change. The prominence of empowered female characters suggests a shift toward more progressive portrayals, yet the persistence of conventional depictions indicates ongoing cultural negotiations. These portrayals potentially influence viewers' perceptions, reflecting and shaping societal attitudes toward women's roles in Tamil Nadu.

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Portrayal, women, Tamil television, societal norms, cultural influence.

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Inventory management plays a pivotal role in the operational efficiency and financial performance of manufacturing companies. Effective inventory control ensures that production processes run smoothly, minimizes costs, and improves customer satisfaction. This research investigates the key performance drivers influencing inventory management in manufacturing organizations.

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Inventory Management Manufacturing Companies Performance Drivers Demand Forecasting Inventory Turnover Supplier Performance Technology Adoption Supply Chain Efficiency Cost Optimization Inventory Accuracy

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ABSTRACT: Sugarcane is a vital tropical and subtropical cash crop with significant economic and ecological importance. Understanding its genetic diversity is essential for effective conservation and breeding strategies, as it provides a critical reservoir of genetic variation for trait selection and crop improvement. In this study, leaf samples from five different sugarcane varieties representing their prevalent genomic variations were characterized using molecular markers to assess the extent of genetic variation and population structure. The results revealed a continuous variation in morphology and associated traits across the sampled breeds, indicating extensive genetic diversity within the species. Molecular markers proved instrumental in identifying genotypes and mapping single genes linked to commercially important traits. Additionally, these markers facilitated investigations into genetic introgression, population structure, and phylogenetic relationships. The five different samples used were sourced from co96011, co99006, co86032, co62175, and co13010. Five random primers; RP11, RP12, RP13, RP14, and RP15, were used in the analysis. The number of bands per primer product ranged from 1-19. The size of the amplified product ranged from 100 bp - 3 kb. Four primers reveal 100% polymorphism between cultivars. Out of 72 scored, 65 bands were found to be polymorphic. Maximum number of polymorphic bands (19) was obtained with primer 12. The average number of polymorphic bands per primer is 16.25. Based on the bands obtained, we can say that the level of genetic diversity among the culture varieties is high.

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Saccharum officinarum, RAPD, Molecular Marker

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The aim of this research paper is to analyze and explore the issues of Power Exploitation and Totalitarianism that the entire society is facing in different countries as revealed in George Orwell's Animal Farm and 1984. Power exploitation, as highlighted in Animal Farm, refers to the misuse of power for personal gain. Totalitarianism, as emphasized in 1984, refers to a form of government characterized by total control over all aspects of society and the suppression of individual liberties, in which a dictator rules the country according to their wishes and desires. People are becoming very ambitious in everything to capture the power, money, and wealth of others. Dumping the individual thoughts and desires of the common people leads to a dictator over the people. The objective of this research is to highlight such dangers of power abuse and totalitarianism and advocate for ethical wellbeing to foster harmony and collective well-being in society.

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Totalitarianism, Power, Exploitation, Abuse

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EVOTEX is an AI-powered system for secure, transparent electronic voting using face recognition and OTP verification. Leveraging the LBPH algorithm and real-time image capture, it authenticates voter identity accurately before allowing vote casting through a structured web interface developed with Flask. Votes are stored in encrypted databases, and the system offers fast, reliable, and scalable voting ideal for institutional and public elections. By combining biometric verification with two-factor authentication, EVOTEX ensures tamper-proof voting, reduces manual errors, and enhances trust in the electoral process while simplifying voter participation.

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Electronic Voting, Face Recognition, LBPH Algorithm, OTP Verification, Flask Web Application, OpenCV, MySQL, Python, Encrypted Vote Storage, Real-Time Result Processing

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methylene, triazole, imine, MEP, DOS

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The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has ushered in an era of unprecedented connectivity and convenience. However, this rapid adoption has also introduced a complex array of security vulnerabilities, many of which stem not from technological flaws but from human factors. This paper investigates the critical role of user behavior and awareness in mitigating or exacerbating IoT security risks. While robust cryptographic protocols and secure hardware designs are essential, the "human in the loop" often represents the weakest link in the security chain. This research explores various facets of human influence, including user negligence, lack of security education, susceptibility to social engineering, and the inherent complexity of managing numerous interconnected devices. We analyze common user-driven security failures, such as default password retention, ignoring software updates, misconfiguring privacy settings, and sharing sensitive data inadvertently. Furthermore, this paper proposes a multi-faceted approach to address these human factors, including the development of intuitive and user-friendly security interfaces, the implementation of context-aware nudges and warnings, and the design of effective, continuous security awareness programs tailored for diverse user demographics. By understanding and proactively addressing the psychological, cognitive, and behavioral aspects of IoT users, we argue that a significant improvement in overall IoT security posture can be achieved, ultimately fostering a more secure and trustworthy smart environment.

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Human Factors, IoT Security, User Behavior, Security Awareness, Internet of Things, Cybersecurity, Vulnerability, Risk Management, Usability, Education/Training.

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Hypertension is a significant general health issue in India and world, due to its high recurrence and corresponding, there is a danger cardiovascular and kidney disorder. The hypertension makes individuals multiple times more inclined to stroke and multiple times bound to have coronary failure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of breathing exercise on reduction of blood pressure among patient with primary hypertension. A quasi experimental one group pre test post test design was adopted. The study was conducted to "A study to assess the effectiveness of breathing exercise on reduction of blood pressure among primary hypertensive patient in selected village at Gorakhpur." The objective of this study are-to assess the blood pressure level among primary hypertensive patient at selected Community area Gorakhpur, to assess the pre - test level of blood pressure among primary hypertensive patient at selected Community area Gorakhpur, to assess the post - test level of blood pressure among primary hypertensive patient at selected Community area Gorakhpur, to compare the pre - test and post- test level of blood pressure among primary hypertensive patient at selected community area Gorakhpur, evaluate the effectiveness of breathing exercise reduction of Blood pressure, to find out association with pre - test with selected demographic variables. A quasi experimental research design was used for this study. A sampling 60 primary hypertensive patient was selected using non probability purposive sampling technique at Siktaur village Gorakhpur. Data on demographic variable where assist breathing exercise was demonstrated to the participants and their level of blood pressure was measured by sphygmomanometer before and after the intervention. The result display that in pre test out of 30 sample mean value is (138.4) and post test value (128.84) in systolic blood pressure with standard deviation 6.52. In diastolic blood pressure pre test mean is 92.67, post test mean is 82.66 with standard deviation 4.43. The calculated t value is t= 7.971 was found to be satistically significant at P value <0.05. Thus , there was a reduction in the level of blood pressure after breathing exercise among post test group patient.

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Key- Assess Effectiveness , Breathing exercise, Primary hypertensive patient

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This research paper explores how Kohlberg's theory of moral development can be practically applied in Indian school settings by aligning it with the goals of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. Recognizing that character building and value education are integral to holistic learning, the paper connects Kohlberg's six developmental stages with the cognitive and emotional maturity of school-age children. By dividing these stages across appropriate class levels, the study proposes realistic, age-wise strategies for integrating moral education into everyday school practices. It includes classroom activities, teacher behaviour guidelines and changes to the school environment that together support the moral growth of students. The aim is to help educators build ethical awareness among children not through forced discipline but through developmental understanding, peer influence, role models and critical thinking. This work provides a framework for implementing moral education that is both psychologically grounded and policy-driven, offering educators and school leaders a meaningful way to shape responsible, empathetic and value-oriented future citizens.

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Moral Development, Kohlberg's Theory, NEP 2020, School Education

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Acalypha wilkesiana was evaluated for its potential to control cardiovascular disease. Salt-loaded rat had changed serum parameters; extracts improved them. Acalypha wilkesiana leaves were studied for their cardiovascular effects in rabbits and rats. Extrct dramatically reduced blood pressure and cardiac contraction rate. Acalypha wilkesiana extract lowers cyanide-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Significant improvements in liver enzyme and protein levels were found. Acalypha wilkesiana has antihyperglycemic properties in diabetic rats. The extract enhances pancreatic and splenic health in treated mice. The results showed that alloxan administration significantly raised oxidative stress indicators and produced pathological alterations in the liver and kidney compared to the control group. However, treatment with Acalypha wilkesiana extract corrected these alterations in a dose-dependent way, indicating that it has the ability to serve as an antioxidant and protect against oxidative stress-induced tissue damage.

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Acalypha wilkesiana, hepatotoxicity, Euphorbiaceae, Copperleaf, doxorubicin

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Abstract The garment and textile industries have undergone several fascinating developments over the past 20 years. Especially textile finishing plays a crucial role in imparting value addition to textiles. Preparation is important as success of all process such as dyeing, printing depend on it. Improper preparation leads to reduced performance and value in the finished product. Fabrics received as gray cloth from the loom have unwanted matter present in them. They may be natural, or stains, oils, waxes and sizes acquired during manufacture of the fabric. Elimination of these impurities is imperative before applying any other finish as they may hinder with subsequent processes. The impurities are removed by preparatory processes. This review discusses the topic of Enzymatic desizing.

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Fabric, Starch, Desizing, Enzymatic desizing, Dyeing.

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The Location Based Online blood donor identification system is a mobile application that is hooked on the location of a mobile device. This application is part of the larger service viz. the location-based services (LBS). This system uses the location based services to help user to find donors from their current location which saves his/her time by making him the facility of fast access of blood donors. Instead of searching throughout manually, one can use the gps enabled mobile device to identify the blood donors and blood bank. The Mobile devices are navigation devices normally carried by a moving vehicle or person, that uses the (GPS) to track the available services such blood bank, donors and determine its location. The proposed framework includes three user-facing components: 1) an energy-aware Android application for end users to recognize their locations and access the services available to them 2) the application, which enables end users to search for donors or blood bank available on their current location and 3)the application for donors and blood bank to specify the availability of them and in which areas. To perform faster detection of the service the proposed system is modeled with a hybrid algorithm. However, it is difficult for old clustering algorithms to handle the significant data with various information and high noise. Therefore, a three-layer hybrid algorithm is used to tackle this problem. In the first layer, it use the K -means algorithm, in which the initial center selection optimized to group the shops based on the location efficiently. Then subdivide big clusters and isolate noise to get purer clusters. In the second layer, it adopt the agglomerative nesting (AGNES) algorithm to merge the small clusters referring to near by locations. Then, it exclude most noise, reducing their further impact on the K -means in the third layer which corrects the erroneous merging occurring in AGNES.

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GPS Tracking, LBS, K -means algorithm, AGNES

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This article investigates the organizational dynamics of Hockey Namme and its impact on hockey development in Coorg. For this study, we used qualitative research to explore how Hockey Namme influences hockey development in Coorg. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 60 participants, including players, coaches, administrators and community supporters involved with Hockey Namme. These interviews were designed to gather insights into how the organization operates, its promotional strategies, community involvement and the perceived impact of Hockey Namme on hockey in Coorg. Participants were selected based on their active roles within Hockey Namme to ensure diverse perspectives. Interviews were recorded and transcribed and thematic analysis was used to identify key themes in the data. We followed ethical guidelines to ensure participants' confidentiality and voluntary participation throughout the study. By analyzing stakeholders' perspectives and historical data, the research highlights how Hockey Namme has fostered grassroots participation, enhanced skill development and contributed to the regional and national prominence of Coorg in hockey. The findings offer insights into effective organizational practices and their implications for sports development initiatives globally.

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Organizational Dynamics, Hockey Namme, Development, Coorg

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