Volume 12 | Issue 7

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An initiative called the Development of Women and Children in Rural Areas (DWCRA) was introduced in India's rural areas during the 1980s. While the program wasn't as effective in other parts of the country, it achieved huge success in Andhra Pradesh. Recent times have seen a growing focus on women's empowerment, particularly in rural areas where challenges are often greater. Self-Help Movements (SHGs) offer a solution through small business programs that financially empower women. This economic empowerment has a ripple effect, leading to advancements in social and economic opportunities, property rights, political participation, and equality across various aspects of life. DWCRA programs recognize women as key to development and specifically target their economic empowerment. By encouraging women to save through SHGs, DWCRA has become a widespread movement in India, with millions of rural women participating. This paper explores the role DWCRA groups in empowering women in Andhra Pradesh, program's impact on rural women in Andhra Pradesh along with the role the government played in its success and how its impact is involved in rural development initiatives.

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DWCRA AND FINANCIAL EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN IN ANDHRA PRADESH: OPPORTUNITIES, ISSUES, CHALLENGES

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The NSE Nifty Financial Services Index is intended to reflect the behaviour and performance of the Indian financial market, which comprises banks, financial institutions, housing finance, insurance businesses, and other financial services providers. The Nifty Finance Index consists of 20 stocks listed on the National Stock Exchange (NSE). The Nifty Financial Services Index can be used for a variety of reasons, including fund portfolio benchmarking, index fund and ETF launches, and structured product development. The companies (Excludes Banking Companies) in NSE Nifty Financial Services Index are Bajaj Finance Limited, Bajaj Finserv Limited, Cholamandalam Investment and Finance Company Limited, HDFC Limited, Muthoot Finance Limited, Power Finance Corporation Limited, REC Limited and Shriram Transport Finance Company Limited.The investors are preferred to invest in the best stocks those are giving high positive returns.

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Performance of NSE Nifty Financial Services Index and Share Price Performance of its selected Stocks

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Logistics cost round about 13% to 14% which is big concern to companies with respect to logistics supply chain it is essential reduce it to single digit. In order to be a global competitive industry it is necessary to have master plan which enables and supports the nation supply chain policy implementation. Reliance retail is one of largest stake holder up to 26%. DUNZO raised more than $450 million since from last nine years. The demand for present circumstances is to adopttechnologyenabled businesses in the present era. Corporate sectorfound better ways and means of trade it is nothing buttechnology enabled businesschangingfromconventionaltech oriented tradeand industry to advancedsystemsubsequently leads to well-organizedbusiness succession. DUNZO Pvt.Operating profit estimated to be Rs.2260 million which is significantly high compared to the previous year, generally e-commerce covers information not only in terms economy but also includinge-businessof goods including fund transfer, digitalpromotion, e-bill and plentythroughdigitalization. It will no longerimpact ontrade, and also generate huge amount of revenue from transactions but it bring changes in mindset, how to move in generating profits through efficiency.

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Influence of Finance on Supply Chain a Study With Reference to Dunzo Pvt. Ltd.

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During the 16th and 17th centuries the activities of the Europeans helped Indian merchants in expanding the trading relations of India with the West and other parts of the world. Like other regions of India, the Andhra also experienced an extensive trade and commercial activity from the early times. There were varied factors responsible for the commercial life of Andhra. The money-lenders played their own role, the rural population provided various products, the carriers took these goods from place to place. But, it was the community of the merchants which played a very significant role in monitoring the nature of commodities and other essential goods in the markets. I am making an humble effort to give an account of the merchants of different types and their role in the 17th and 18th centuries in Andhra Desa.

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A Comprehensive study of the Merchants and their Trade development in Andhra Desa in perspectives of Profit Incentive Speculative venture

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Crowdfunding is a way of levitation money to finance projects and businesses. It empowers fundraisers to collect money from a large number of people via online platforms. Crowdfunding is most often used by startup companies or growing businesses as a way of accessing alternative funds. Retrieving and raising capital is key to the growth of any company. It can be easy for larger, more established corporations to raise money from investors or to take on additional debt from their lenders. But small companies may come across hurdles that can suffocate their growth. This is especially true for startups, which is where crowdfunding comes in handy. Crowdfunding has created the opportunity for entrepreneurs to raise hundreds of thousands or millions of dollars from anyone with money to invest. It provides a forum for anyone with an idea to pitch it in front of waiting investors.

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Crowd Funding-An Alternative Source of Investment-An Overview

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ABSTRACT Certain Western perspectives hold misconceptions about yoga. It's crucial to understand that yoga is neither magic nor a physical or mental feat. It's far from mere calisthenics or ostentatious displays. Instead, yoga represents a sophisticated system grounded in a robust philosophical framework and a profound understanding of the human psyche. Its essence transcends the artificial separation of the spiritual, mental, and physical aspects of our being. These dimensions are intricately interwoven and addressed holistically within the yogic tradition. This exploration delves into the core principles that underpin the Bhagavad-Gita's practical aspect, often referred to as the Yoga of Meditation. Yogic Asanas (postures) serve not only as a preventative measure but also as a potential cure for various ailments, particularly those related to digestion. The practice aims to maintain a delicate balance between the body's three humors: Vata (air), Pitta (fire), and Kapha (earth). By fostering a state of deep relaxation, yoga empowers practitioners to mitigate the negative influence of psychosomatic disorders. Regular yoga practice serves as a shield against these stress-induced maladies. Keywords: Yoga, Diseases, Meditation

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YOGA'S CONTRIBUTION TO GLOBAL HEALTH

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The effect of lactate production on acidosis has been the topic in the field of exercise physiology. The production of lactate does result in a hydrogen ion, potentially resulting in a fall in pH. However, the hydrogen ion is quickly buffered by bicarbonate which forms an intermediary in the blood stream which is quickly converted into water and carbon dioxide. For data collection a sample of 15 swimmers had been selected through purposive sampling. All the swimmers had represented their state in swimming for more than 3 times and were comfortable in doing individual medlay. Their age ranged between 21-25 and all belongs to Maharashtra state. shows the descriptive statistics of the data which has been collected at various time interval. According to the table the mean value of lactate level at initial level or resting lactate value of the subjects is seen as (2.31 + 3.867). After performing 200 IM at intense level the peak lactate level of the subjects was seen as (12.65 + 4.654). Further the period of active recovery is started and the mean lactate value at first 5th minutes was (6.71 + 3.795), 10th minute (6.32 + 3.688), 15th minute (5.65 + 0.568), 20th minute (5.17 + 0.524), 25th minute (4.82 + 1.072) and 30th minute (4.37 + 2.397). All these readings of lactate have been taken while active recovery was continued. Then at 50th minute of passive recovery the lactate value was (3.11 + 0.536), 70th minute (2.21 + 1.134), 90th minute (1.12 + 0.012). the initial value of lactate in swimmers' body was found to be 2.31 mmol/L but after performing an intense event of 200IM the lactate value bumped to 12.65 mmol/L which was proved to be the result of byproduct of anaerobic glycolysis. The value proved that the nature of the activity was mostly anaerobic which was our aim. During first 5 minute 46.95% of the lactate was removed, 10th minute 50.04% of the lactate was removed, 15th minute 55.33% of the lactate was removed, 20th minute 59.13% of the lactate was removed, 25th minute 61.89% of the lactate was removed, 30th minute 65.45% of the lactate was removed. We can conclude from the calculated and tabulated data that over all 90 minutes are required by an athlete to remove most of the lactate (90%) formed during the anaerobic glycolysis.

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A STUDY ON LACTATE COMPLETE CLEARANCE RATE ON SWIMMERS

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This paper is related to the effect of twelve weeks of Yogic practice on selected psychological variables of working women of Amravati District. The objectives were to find out the effect of twelve weeks yogic practice on selected psychological variables between the control group and the experimental group of working women of Amravati District. The hypotheses were set that there is a significant difference in post-test adjusted mean scores of selected psychological variables between the control group and the experimental group of working women of Amravati District by considering their pre-test mean scores as covariates. Method: For the study, 63 working women of Amravati District, have been selected randomly. The age range of the subjects was 39 to 45 years, and the following variables were selected for the present study: The dependent variable: Depression and Happiness Level, and the independent variable: Yogic practice. The pretest-posttest randomized group design was selected for this study, which consists of an experimental group (n=31) and a control group (n=32). For the collection of data, the Beck Depression Inventory and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire were used. The Beck Depression Inventory was developed by Aaron T. Beck (1961) to assess the depression level and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire was developed by Argyle et al., (1989) for assessing the happiness level. The data has been collected before and after twelve weeks of Yogic practice. The data was analyzed by applying the Analysis of Co-Variance (ANCOVA) Technique to find out the effect of Yogic practice practices on selected psychological variables of working women of Amravati, District. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Result: The findings of the study revealed that a significant difference exists in post-test adjusted means of selected psychological variables between the control group and the experimental group of working women. The hypotheses were set that there is a significant difference in post-test adjusted mean scores of selected psychological variables between the control group and the experimental group of working women of Amravati, District, by considering their pre-test mean score as a covariate is accepted. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions are drawn: Participants in the experimental group showed significant improvement in reducing their depression level and positive impact on happiness after twelve weeks of Yogic practice practices.

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BDI - Beck Depression Inventory, OHQ - Oxford Happiness Questionnaire and MDD - Major Depressive Disorder

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Yoga is becoming increasingly popular in sports to improve physical performance, mental clarity, and overall well-being. Yoga, based on ancient Indian philosophy, combines physical postures (asanas), breath control (pranayama), and meditation (dhyana) to provide a comprehensive approach to health and fitness. Its use in sports training regimens has been shown to deliver a variety of benefits that have a direct impact on athletic performance. Yoga improves flexibility, strength, and balance, all of which are important qualities for players in all sorts of sports. The broad set of asanas addresses different muscle groups, enhancing overall muscle tone and joint function. This not only helps with injury prevention but also speeds up recovery after training or competition. For example, practicing asanas such as the Downward Dog or Warrior postures can assist in lengthening muscles, and lowering the chance of strains and sprains. Furthermore, increased flexibility allows for a wider range of motion, which can boost performance in tasks that require agility and precision. Yoga helps to improve mental focus, reduce anxiety, and promote a good outlook. Pranayama techniques assist control breathing, which is necessary for staying calm under pressure. Controlled breathing can improve an athlete's capacity to remain cool and concentrated in high-stress situations, such as critical times in a game or competition. Furthermore, the meditative parts of yoga promote mental relaxation by encouraging a state of mindfulness, which can improve focus and decision-making abilities. Yoga also promotes emotional balance, which helps athletes cope with the psychological stresses of competitive sports. Regular practice can lead to increased self-awareness and emotional regulation, which are necessary for keeping a happy attitude and resilience in front of tough times. The use of yoga in sports training programs has numerous benefits, including mental and emotional well-being. Yoga is an excellent tool for athletes who want to improve their performance and overall quality of life since it improves flexibility, strength, attention, and emotional balance

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Component, formatting, style, styling, insert

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The main purpose of the study was to analyze the effects of yoga and pranayama on human reaction time and coordination in students. The present investigator has selected male subjects from Degree College of Physical Education Amravati Shree H.V.P. Mandal Amravati (M.S) for the study. While selecting the subjects it was kept in mind that they were not involved in any sports activities. A total of 30 subjects were selected in this study by purposive sampling method. Thirty subjects were subjected to yoga and pranayama training program for 6 days per week. Two equal groups were formed among the selected subjects and one group was given training and the other group was kept as control. The control group was prohibited from participating in any sports or physical training. Before this study the health of all the subjects was checked and they were included in this study as per their wish. To test the students, Nelson Hand Reaction Time Test and Eye Hand Coordination Test (Ball Transfer) were used to find out sequential reaction time and coordination. The statistical analysis and interpretation was done on the basis of data collection. The data of Pre-Test and Post-test was compared by using paired 't' test and ANCOVA. The result was analyzed and interpretation was done. To test the hypothesis the level of significance was set at 0.05 level of confidence.It was concluded that the yoga and pranayama program selected for the students showed beneficial effects on the improvement of reaction time and coordination.

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Yoga, Pranayama, Reaction Time, Coordination

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The aim of the study is to find out the effect of Suryanamaskar (Vinyasa) on the cardiovascular endurance flexibility abdominal muscle strength and endurance. Significance of the study are the study would show the cardiovascular endurance of college students. The study was delimitated to the 20 college male college students from Amravati city by using simple random sampling method, age between 18 to 21 years. The variables was delimited to cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, abdominal muscle strength and endurance only. On the basis of pre-test of Hardward Test selected students was divided into two homogeneous groups one is control and experimental group. For experimental group six weeks Suryanamaskar Type-B was given. To find out the effect of Suryanamaskar Type-B 't' test was used. Findings of the study are no significant difference in pre-test and post-test of control group, But significant mean difference found between pre-test and post-test of Experimental group and also in post-test mean difference between Control and Experimental groups. six weeks Suryanamaskar Type-B shown significant improvement in cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, abdominal muscle strength and endurance.

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Surya Namaskar (Vinyasa), Cardiovascular Endurance Flexibility Abdominal Muscle Strength and Endurance.

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This study aimed to investigate the impact of specific yogic exercises on the flexibility of non-athletic adult females. The research included 100 female subjects, aged 18 to 28 years, from MGV'S S.P.H. College of Management and Technology, Nashik, Maharashtra, India. Subjects were purposively divided into two groups: Group A (Experimental Group, N=50) and Group B (Control Group, N=50). All participants were informed about the study's objectives and protocol. Group A underwent an 8-week yoga regimen comprising various asanas, including Parsvottanasana, Adho Mukha Svanasana, Dhanurasana, Bhujangasana, Paschimottanasana, Sarvangasana, Halasana, Janu Sirsasana, Utkatasana, and Virbhadrasana. Flexibility was measured using the Sit and Reach (SR) test. Descriptive analysis and an independent t-test were employed, with significance set at the 0.05 level. Results demonstrated a significant improvement in flexibility for Group A compared to Group B, with a t-value of 8.06. The findings suggest that regular practice of these specific yogic exercises can significantly enhance flexibility in non-athletic adult females.

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Yoga, flexibility, balance, non-athletic, adult , asanas

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The aim of this study was investigating relation between Socio-Economic Status with academic achievement of Gymnasts. In the present study, 400 national level male gymnasts from district associations of Maharashtra state, aged between 20 to 25 years, were selected as subjects. Two instruments were used by the researcher to study the subjects, to check the academic progress the total marks of the previous year of ongoing penalty and the total marks obtained were looked at and based on that the percentage was calculated. Academic performance report cards of students were prepared. In this pepar the number of students completing class 10th increased by 1 percent, the percentage of students completing class 12th increased by 2 percent and the percentage of students completing post-graduation education increased by 3 percent. The socio-economic status scale created by Rajbir Singh, Radhe Sham and Satish Kumar was used to examine socio-economic status. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation statistical methods were used to analyze the scores obtained by gymnastic experts and based on academic progress. It was concluded that the socioeconomic status of gymnasts affects their academic progress. The researcher suggests that in order to improve the educational level of the students, their educational status can be improved through the improvement of their socio-economic status and financial assistance to them, for which the government, private institutions and economically strong people can Need to come and help forward.

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Socio Economic Status, Academic Achievement.

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This research paper explores the effect of yogic mudras on neuromuscular coordination in sports players. Yogic mudras are physical exercises used in yoga practice believed to influence physiological functions by stimulating nerve endings and energy flow mentioned as per Gheranda Samhita. Neuromuscular coordination is crucial for athletes as it impacts movement precision, efficiency, and overall performance. This study aims to provide empirical evidence on how practicing specific mudras for 4 weeks may enhance neuromuscular coordination, thereby potentially benefiting sports players. The sample population consist of 30 male sports individuals who participated voluntarily for the research. To test the neuromuscular coordination Lafayette's steadiness testing Instrument for eye hand coordination and Plate Tapping Test to assess the speed and the coordination of limb movement. To see the effect ANCOVA as a statistical tool was employed and the level of significance was set at 0.05. The findings of the present study revealed that there was insignificant effect of practicing yogic mudras on neuromuscular coordination as there was no significant difference between pre and posttest of sports players. On the basis of the findings, it was concluded that due to less duration of the treatment there was no significant improvement of Neuromuscular Coordination of sports players. The researcher recommends to increase the duration for the significant effect as Yogic practices consist of pure natural energy which takes time for proper and visible improvement.

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Yogic mudras, Sports Players, neuromuscular coordination

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Background: Physical fitness is a state of health and well-being that allows an individual to perform daily activities with vigor, without experiencing undue fatigue, and with enough energy to enjoy leisure activities and handle emergency situations. Physical fitness is not only about maintaining a healthy weight but also about ensuring that all these physical fitness components are well-balanced to achieve optimal health and performance in daily life and physical activities. Achieving physical fitness involves a balanced approach to exercise, nutrition, and rest, promoting overall health and well-being. In the present study is the comparison of physical fitness of hilly and plain area college students of Jammu and Kashmir. The hilly area is considered is Pulwama and Plain area Udhampur selected respectively. 30 college students were selected from both the areas, among 30, 15 is from hilly and 15 is from plain area under the age group of 20-25. For measuring the fitness level, the AAPHERD (American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance) 1976 test battery is used to assess the physical fitness. After the collection of data, the comparison is taken with statistical technique "t" test. Objective: The primary objective is to assess and compare the physical fitness status of college boys aged 20-25 from these regions. The study seeks to understand how geographical and environmental factors might influence physical fitness. Results: The study's findings are expected to reveal differences in physical fitness levels between college boys from hilly and plain areas. The "P" value, which is less than the 0.05 level of significance, is as follows: Pull-Ups (PU) 0.442, Standing Broad Jump (SBJ) 0.096, Shuttle Run (SR) 0.000, Bent Knee Sit-ups (BNS) 0.001, 50 Meter Dash 0.009, and 600-Meter Run Walk 0.000. There is a significant difference in SR, BNS, 50 Meter Dash, and 600-Meter Run Walk. There is an insignificant difference in PU and SBJ. Conclusion: The study indicates that students from hilly areas generally exhibit better physical fitness compared to their counterparts from plain areas, particularly in terms of cardiovascular endurance. Conversely, students from plain areas excel in strength-related activities.

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Physical Fitness, Hilly, Plain, Cardiovascular, Geographical.

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Yoga therapy, a practice with ancient roots, is gaining traction in the modern medical world. Expand more this paper explores the growing body of research on yoga therapy's effectiveness in promoting both physical and mental well-being. It delves into the core components of yoga therapy, analyses its benefits across various health conditions, and discusses on-going research efforts. Yoga therapy indeed offers a holistic approach to wellness, drawing upon the ancient practices of yoga combined with modern scientific research. It's gaining recognition for its ability to address various physical, mental, and emotional health concerns. Here's how it typically works: Yoga therapy has gained significant recognition as a research-backed approach to wellness, blending ancient practices with modern scientific understanding. This therapeutic application of yoga utilizes specific yoga techniques, such as postures (asanas), breathing exercises (pranayama), meditation, and relaxation, tailored to individual needs and health conditions

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Yoga therapy ,asanas ,pranayama ,meditation ,wellness ,Therapeutic ,Mental Health.

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Sports are essential part of our life. Sports play an important role in developing a healthy body and mind. There are many types of sports, which help in our physical as well as mental development. Health and skill related fitness coming under physical fitness is an important thing regarding the components of fitness. Where health related fitness consists of muscular strength, muscular endurance, cardio vascular endurance, flexibility and freedom from obesity or body composition, these 5 components. The same skill fitness includes the 5 components of health-related fitness along with 5 additional components - muscular strength, agility, speed, balance and reaction time. Thus skill-related fitness is a combination of a total of 10 components. In the present paper Comparative study of fitness components between badminton and lawn tennis players has been studied.

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Lawn-tennis, Badminton, Flexibility, Speed, Endurance, Agility, Flexibility

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The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of Surya Namaskar on the flexibility of college girl students. For the study research scholar selected twenty college girl students at the age of 20-22 years randomly. For the study research scholar selected a single group design. The subjects were given a treatment (Surya namaskar) of forty-five minutes duration for five days per week for three months. Flexibility was measured with the help of the Sit and Reach Test. Girl students participated in the Surya Namaskar. The finding of the statistical analysis revealed that there was a significant difference between the mean of pre-test and post-test. The level of significance was kept at 0.05 level. Girl students were significantly improving their flexibility because of participation in Surya Namaskar.

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Surya Namaskar, flexibility, Sit and Reach Test

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The significance of Yoga is well recognized in contemporary society. Yogic techniques promote a healthy lifestyle. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the body weight of individuals who regularly practice yoga with a control group. A total of 30 ladies were selected at random. Among a group of 30 women, half of them (15) regularly practiced yoga while the other half served as control subjects. The individuals' ages ranged from 30 to 45 years. Information was collected using a weighing apparatus. The data was analyzed using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The findings demonstrated substantial impacts of Yoga on body weight. Ultimately, the present investigation determined that Yoga yielded positive results.

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body weight, yoga, pranayama, combined effect, obese women, house wives

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The purpose of the present study was to find out comparative effect of slow and fast suryanamaskar on waist-hip ratio, flexibility and endurance. To take out this investigate work, the investigator had chosen a whole 30 subjects from the Degree College of Physical Education, Amravati and those subjects were separated into two equivalent parts and given slow and fast suryanamaskar training. The age of the subjects selected in this study was between 18 to 25 years. The data was analyzed using Paired 't' test to compare the before and after training values of both the groups and ANCOVA to compare the pre-posttest adjusted mean value. P value of less than 0.05 was accepted as indicating significant difference between the compared values. The above results show that six weeks of fast and slow Suryanamaskar training had a positive effect on Waist-Hip Ratio, Flexibility, Endurance, which helped in correcting their Waist-Hip Ratio and proved to be very beneficial in increasing Flexibility and Endurance. The results also show that Suryanamaskar training done at a slow pace had a positive effect on Flexibility and Endurance compared to Suryanamaskar training done at a fast pace, but no significant difference was seen on Waist-Hip Ratio. From the results obtained, it was concluded that Suryanamaskar training done at a slow pace is more suitable.

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Suryanamaskar, Waist-Hip Ratio, Flexibility, Endurance

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