Volume 13 | Issue 7

 Abstract

??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???????, ????????, ??????????, ?????? ??? ????????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? 17??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????

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?????? ???????, ???? ??????, ??????, ???? ?????? ??????, 17??? ?????? ??????

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Influencer marketing is now a revolutionary force in creating consumer-oriented brand equity across industries, particularly in the digital age. This research integrates the findings from 25 recent sources to investigate the effects of influencer marketing on brand equity dimensions such as brand awareness, brand loyalty, perceived quality, and brand associations. Findings across various industries--banking, fashion, electronics, and small- and medium-sized enterprises--indicate that social media influencers, based on their perceived authenticity, credibility, and coverage, contribute significantly to increased consumer engagement and brand perception and loyalty. The literature examined points out the strategic value of matching influencer attributes with target audience demographics and the potential of influencer messages to shape customer-brand relationships. In addition, research on Generation-Z and future markets of Pakistan, Vietnam, and Saudi Arabia highlights the increasing power of digital personas on financial product adoption and brand positioning. A common thread is the mediating effect of brand love, eWOM, and customer involvement in converting influencer initiatives into long-term brand equity. The results together show that influencer marketing, when well-planned and focused, is a driver of establishing and managing strong, resonant brands within the competitive digital market.

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Influencer Marketing, Brand Equity, Brand Awareness, Customer Engagement, Social Media, Digital Branding.

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This paper discusses the due process in international arbitration, and in this respect, we will examine the balance between the fairness of the process and arbitral discretion. The due process is founded on the principles of natural justice, and it ensures the parties' right to a fair hearing and the right to an impartial tribunal, which is part of the validity and enforceability of arbitral awards. Despite the fact that arbitration thrives on flexibility and efficiency, the procedural safeguards should not be obstructed by the discretionary powers of arbitrators. The paper will assess key institutional rules, judicial precedent and international treaties such as the New York Convention 1958 in order to demonstrate how procedural fairness has been observed and, simultaneously, arbitral autonomy has been attained. It also talks about present-day challenges like rush jobs, cultural diversity, and technology, which may interfere with due process. Lastly, the paper points out the importance of safeguarding due process in arbitral discretion in a bid to sustain faith in international arbitration as an acceptable and credible dispute resolution mechanism.

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Due Process, Arbitral Discretion, Fair Hearing, Equal Treatment, Neutrality.

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 Abstract

???????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ????????????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ????, ???????, ???? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? 120 ?????? ???? ?? ????????????? ?? ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ????????????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ????????????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????

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?????? ????, ????? ???????, ?????? ??????, ????????? ????, ????????? ????, ?????????? ??????

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Bharat Me Rajniti Ka Apradhikaran : Karan Aur Samadhan

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Bharat Me Rajniti Ka Apradhikaran : Karan Aur Samadhan

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In today's fast-paced world, women often face increasing safety concerns, especially in technology-driven sectors where they contribute significantly. Unfortunately, harassment and assaults are becoming more common, raising serious concerns about their security. In Pakistan's patriarchal society, crimes against women are frequently overlooked, and authorities may manipulate official records to hide these issues. A recent survey revealed that 84 percentage of women aged 25-35 experienced workplace harassment, with students and full-time employees being the most affected. This highlights the urgent need for improved safety measures. To address these concerns, Safe Walk has been introduced a smart, user-friendly device designed to enhance women's security. With a simple button press, it delivers an electric shock to deter attackers while simultaneously alerting emergency contacts via GSM. Additionally, its GPS tracking feature ensures the user's location is shared for immediate assistance during emergencies, offering enhanced protection and peace of mind.

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women safety, IoT devices, emergency alert system, GPS tracking, shock system, smart security solutions, real-time monitoring, safety technology, threat detection.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

यह शोध कार्य एक सामान्य अध्ययन है जिसका मूल सार यह है की राजस्थान में कृषि के लिए उपलब्ध भूमि और उत्पादन पर राजस्थान की जनसंख्या का कितना भाग कौनसी फसल का उपभोगी है, राजस्थान में गेंहू,चावल, मक्का,ज्वार, बाजरा, मुख्य खाद्यान है यह शोध केवल शाकाहारी खाद्यान्न के ऊपर ही निर्भर है I यह स्पष्ट तो नहीं कहा जा सकता की इतने प्रतिशत लोग केवल गेंहू पर या इतने प्रतिशत लोग केवल मक्का पर ही आश्रित है , परन्तु एक अनुमान हमें हो जाएगा ,

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जनसंख्या , उत्पादन ,गेंहू,मक्का,चावल, प्रति व्यक्ति उपभोग ,

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The goal of the Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana is to "fund the unfunded" by integrating micro-enterprises into the formal financial system. It focuses on providing affordable credit to small businesses. This scheme aims to fill credit gaps in small, micro, and tiny enterprises to encourage economic activity. The scheme enables loans to income-generating microenterprises that are non-corporate, non-farm small/microenterprises for up to INR 20 lakh. This paper aims to study the performance of the PMMY scheme for the period of nine years from its inception to 2024. This paper analyzed the performance in terms of the number of accounts opened and the amount disbursed for various schemes, castes, and genders under PMMY. In 9 years, cumulatively the PMMY program has benefitted 47.84 people with a disbursement of 28.22 lakh crore. It has been observed that more than 50% of the PMMY beneficiaries belong to the SC/ST/OBC categories, and over 35% of the total funds are distributed to them. Moreover, 68% of total account holders are women entrepreneurs, and 44% of the total funds are distributed to them. This suggests that the scheme is effectively meeting the credit requirements of the underprivileged population.

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MSME, PMMY, Mudra, Credit, Micro Enterprises and Performance.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Mahatma Gandhi's ideas about the environment have become more important now, especially with the current environmental problems. However, the work of women who follow these ideas in their daily lives often goes unrecognized. This article looks at how women in rural and tribal areas of India are living out Gandhi's principles like nonviolence, self-rule, and trusteeship through their efforts to protect the environment. From the water defenders in Bundelkhand to the seed-saving women in Navdanya, and from forest protectors in the Himalayas to farmers in dry areas of Odisha, these women are fighting for environmental justice using peaceful means, community-based solutions, and taking care of the environment in a meaningful way. The article uses ecofeminist ideas to show how these women challenge both environmental damage and the unfair treatment women face, offering a model of environmental ethics that is based on care, simplicity, and community strength. By focusing on their real-life experiences, this article shows that Gandhi's environmental ideas are not just theories but are practiced in everyday life. It also highlights the need to see women as the key people who will help shape India's future for the environment.

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Gandhian Environmentalism, Ecofeminism, Rural Women, Grassroots Movements

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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use of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models for the automated diagnosis of eye diseases has gained significant traction in recent years. Common conditions such as glaucoma, cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, myopia, and age- related macular degeneration can lead to severe visual impairment if not detected early. Early diagnosis is critical for effective treatment and preventing long-term damage. Therefore, thorough analysis and early identification of symptoms are highly recommended. This paper presents a comprehensive review of ML and DL models developed for detecting and classifying eye diseases, highlighting their strengths, limitations, and associated challenges. Recognizing these diseases typically requires extensive medical expertise, making automated systems particularly valuable. The objective of this study is to provide a foundation for identifying the most robust and adaptable solutions in this domain. Specifically, the research focuses on deep learning architectures such as VGG16, ResNet, and Inception. The general workflow involves collecting publicly available eye disease datasets, applying preprocessing techniques to ensure experimental consistency, and training models to recognize disease patterns rather than overfitting to specific data segments. With the success of DL in image classification and object recognition, the field is shifting away from traditional handcrafted feature extraction methods. A promising approach involves leveraging pre-trained deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for feature representation, followed by classifiers such as Support Vector Machines (SVMs) or Multilayer Perceptrons (MLPs). Studies have shown that CNN-based methods, trained on large-scale annotated datasets, can effectively perform eye disease classification even when applied to smaller, domain-specific data

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Eye diseases, Machine learning, deep learning, Convolutional Neural Networks, VGG16, ResNet.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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: A football match predictor is a website used to predict the outcome of the football matches. It gives the results based on the past match history. It uses the past match data to predict the future matches. It uses the data like player performance, team combination etc. The homepage of the football match predictor is the main and important thing or component of our football match predictor. We made it important and gave all the important options in the homepage because the user first see the home page. It has the many options like live sores, player performance, historical data and other details of football matches. The data of the football matches or other large and important data is represented using the graphs and also other representation like percentages

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Use of Dsa, Technologies in machine learning, Rule-Based Heuristics, System design, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Poisson Regression, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), How the Predictor Works, Checking Accuracy and Improving, Training the Model

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The increasing complexity and scale of enterprise cloud deployments necessitate secure, scalable, and compliant governance models. As organizations adopt multi-account strategies on Amazon Web Services (AWS), the need for automated policy enforcement, continuous compliance, and real-time visibility becomes paramount. This review synthesizes current practices and academic research related to AWS Control Tower, Service Control Policies (SCPs), and guardrails, and introduces a novel theoretical model for adaptive governance across AWS Organizations. Drawing on recent case studies and technological advancements, the proposed model integrates policy-as-code frameworks, security data lakes, and AI-enhanced risk analytics to outperform traditional architectures in compliance accuracy, scalability, and response time. A comparative analysis demonstrates the superiority of this adaptive, data-integrated approach over baseline models. The paper concludes with recommendations for practitioners, policymakers, and researchers, offering a roadmap for the development of secure and reliable prediction systems for cloud-native infrastructures. This work contributes to both theoretical discourse and practical implementation, supporting the evolution of cloud security architecture in regulated and dynamic environments.

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AWS Control Tower, Guardrails, Multi-Account Architecture, Cloud Security, Service Control Policies (SCPs), Policy-as-Code, Compliance Automation, Zero Trust, Adaptive Governance, Cloud Risk Management, Continuous Compliance, Cloud Architecture Review

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The dynamic nature of modern sales environments demands automation solutions that are scalable, intelligent, and resilient. This review explores the integration of orchestrator patterns in distributed systems to automate sales planning processes, including forecasting, lead management, and quota allocation. Orchestrators such as Apache Airflow, Camunda, and Kubernetes-based tools facilitate seamless workflow execution, improving agility and performance. Through analysis of architectural models, experimental benchmarks, and AI-enabled orchestration, the review underscores the advantages of orchestrated automation over manual systems. Key challenges such as integration complexity, fault tolerance, and standardization are also discussed. This work contributes a comprehensive synthesis of the current landscape and offers actionable insights for future innovation in distributed sales automation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Sales automation, distributed systems, orchestrator patterns, Apache Airflow, Camunda, Kubernetes, CRM integration, business process management, workflow orchestration, AI-driven forecasting.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Agile Project Management (APM) has evolved as a cornerstone methodology for navigating the intricacies of complex IT environments, particularly those shaped by rapid technological change, regulatory constraints, and distributed team structures. This review synthesizes over a decade of research, case studies, and emerging frameworks to understand how agile methodologies enhance project delivery, stakeholder satisfaction, and organizational adaptability when supported by appropriate scaling models and enabling technologies. The findings highlight key challenges such as legacy system integration, inter-team coordination, and cultural resistance while exploring innovative approaches like AI-assisted Scrum and DevOps synergies. The review concludes with a roadmap for future research to address current limitations and to leverage technological advancements for more intelligent and scalable agile ecosystems.

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Agile Project Management, Complex IT Environments, Scaling Frameworks, DevOps, AI-Augmented Scrum, Organizational Agility, Continuous Delivery, Remote Collaboration, Hybrid Agile Models

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As LTE continues to underpin global mobile communication infrastructure, the demand for robust, deterministic, and low-latency real-time software frameworks for LTE base stations (eNodeBs) is higher than ever. This review synthesizes over a decade of research on the architecture, implementation, and performance of embedded real-time software systems that enable LTE base station functionality. The analysis spans real-time operating systems (RTOS), hardware-software co-design, multi-core scheduling, and open-source frameworks. Key findings include the superiority of modular and layered architectures, the importance of deterministic task scheduling, and the growing role of FPGA-based acceleration. The paper concludes with a forward-looking perspective on how these frameworks will evolve in response to 5G, open RAN, and AI-driven radio access network (RAN) management. This review serves as a guide for researchers, engineers, and system designers aiming to optimize next-generation embedded communication systems.

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LTE Base Station; Real-Time Embedded Systems; RTOS; eNodeB; FPGA Acceleration; Multi-Core Scheduling; Hardware-Software Co-Design; MAC Scheduler; Turbo Decoding; 5G Evolution; Open RAN.

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Pain is a localized or generalized unpleasant bodily sensation or complex of sensations that causes mild to severe physical discomfort and emotional distress and typically results from bodily disorder such as injury or disease. "The aim of the research is to assess the effectiveness of McKenzie back exercise among people with back pain at selected rural community at Gorakhpur." The research approach was quantitative and research design was quasi-experimental non randomized pre-test post-test design total 60 people were selected who met with inclusion criteria using purposive sampling technique and level of pain was assessed using Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale. The study revealed that for experimental group the calculated 't" value is 12.10 and for control group the calculated 't" value is 3.08. At 0.05 level of significance the table "t" value is 2.045. Since the calculated "t" value is more than table "t" value, hence the McKenzie back exercise was effective in reducing back pain. It was concluded that the significant association was found between post-test pain score with their selected demographic variables such as age, gender, education, occupation, religion, type of family, duration of pain, previous knowledge, past illness and consumption of analgesics medication. So, we concluded that the McKenzie back exercise is effective to reduce the back pain.

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Assess, Effectiveness, McKenzie back exercise, People, Back Pain, Rural community

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Classification of fake news on social media has gained a lot of attention in the last decade due to the ease of adding fake content through social media sites. In addition, people prefer to get news on social media instead of on traditional televisions. These trends have led to an increased interest in fake news and its identification by researchers. This study focused on classifying fake news on social media with textual content (text classification). In this classification, four traditional methods were applied to extract features from texts (term frequency�inverse document frequency, count vector, character level vector, & n-gram vector employing different machine learning classifiers to categorize the fake news dataset.. This work provides a solution by introducing a fake news detection model using machine learning. This model requires prerequisite data extracted from various news websites. Web scraping technique is used for data extraction which is further used to create datasets. The data is classified into two major categories which are true dataset and false dataset. Classifiers used for the classification of data are Random Forest, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree & Gradient boosting.

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: fake news, text classification, TF-IDF, Machine Learning, Decision Tree Classifier, Logistic Regression, Gradient Boosting classifier, Random forest classifier, AdaBoosting , SVM.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In villages, forests, riverbanks and scores of hidden places across the country, numerous women have risen quietly, but powerfully, to guard over the Earth. Living the values of Mahatma Gandhi through nonviolence, simplicity, and self-sufficiency, these women are leading with love, courage, and profound ecological insight. This essay focuses on such Gandhian women environmentalists--those who speak not just for their communities but for tegai, water and future generations. In a sense rooted in an ethics of care, their eco-activism is profoundly personal, derived from interactions with the natural world on a daily basis, and evolved from existential struggles for life.In movements such as Chipko, Narmada Bachao Andolan, and anti-mining protests in forested areas in their habitats, they are confronting structures of exploitation and propounding an alternative for social and economic growth that is premised on harmony rather than dominance. This paper investigates how their practices evoke Gandhi's influence in a very real way,while also making visible what their voices bring that is so pertinent to the ecologyof India, yet so frequently ignored. These women remind us that the making of new things, indeed, the making of a new, new world will hinge on care -- for the earth, each other, the generations to come and those long past to come

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Gandhian environmentalism, eco-feminism, women environmentalists, ethics of care, grassroots movements, nonviolence

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The sustainable utilization of waste rubber from end-of-life tyres (ELTs) represents a critical step towards achieving a circular economy. A significant proportion of discarded tyres globally are either landfilled or incinerated--processes that contribute to environmental degradation. This study explores an alternative path by incorporating crumb rubber (CR) as a partial substitute for river sand in cement mortar used for plastering applications. Experimental trials evaluated the performance of mortar containing varying mesh sizes (40, 60, 100) and volume fractions (10-15%) of CR, comparing results against conventional mortar. Key findings include a marginal reduction in compressive strength (up to 5-10%) and a consistent or improved flexural performance. Additionally, CR-modified mortars demonstrated reduced thermal conductivity (by 7-9%), contributing to energy savings in building interiors. Pull-out (adhesion) strength showed no adverse impact when CR was pre-treated with KMnO? and NaOH. The reduced density of CR mortars also contributes to lightweight construction. The results support the feasibility of CR as a sustainable material for plastering, precast panels, and energy-efficient construction.

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Crumb Rubber, Cement Mortar, Energy Efficiency, Thermal Insulation, Circular Economy, Sustainable Construction, Building Materials

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

"Uttarakhand Ke Media Chhatron Mein Photo Patrakarita Ke Prati Rujhan: Ek Sarvekshanaatmak Adhyayan"

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"Uttarakhand Ke Media Chhatron Mein Photo Patrakarita Ke Prati Rujhan: Ek Sarvekshanaatmak Adhyayan"

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition