Volume 13 | Issue 7

 Abstract

This paper examines the impact of cultural assimilation on personal identity among Afghan women in Khaled Hosseini's A Thousand Splendid Suns. A qualitative analysis of the novel is conducted and it reveals that Hosseini's characters often experience a hybrid identity. The paper, in order to understand the interplay between culture and identity, analyses the development of character and narrative structure. This study indicates that the principal women characters experience tensions that arise due to conflict between tradition and modernity, and their resilience, that helps them to overcome these struggles. The challenges faced by women clearly demonstrate a conflicting identity, which is neither fully assimilated nor entirely disconnected from their roots. This identity highlights the complexities of navigating between cultures.

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A Thousand Splendid Suns, identity, cultural assimilation, hybridity

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Reproductive technologies have advanced significantly, and the ethical questions they continuously raise are complex, often involving considerations of life, morality, and the role of the church in guiding faithful decisions. As a Catholic priest serving in healthcare within the Diocese of Umuahia since 2007, I have witnessed first-hand, the profound struggles of couples grappling with infertility challenges, often compounded by poverty, illiteracy, and the weight of unfulfilled dreams. This experience has presented a stark moral dilemma: the unwavering traditional teachings of the Church on fertility and science and in contrast to the tangible, daily suffering of those who long to build a family. It is within this very tension that I seek to open a dialogue by calling for thoughtful re-examination of the church's approach to reproductive technologies, including in-vitro fertilization (IVF), family planning, and surrogacy. In doing so, I wish to clarify that my intention is not to advocate indiscriminately for IVF as a universal solution. Rather, as a concerned priest who perceives "the smell of his sheep" I wish to offer a bridge between the Church's teachings and the personal struggles individuals face. Instead of categorically rejecting assisted reproductive technologies, in cases where nature's own mechanisms falter-whether due to infertility, genetic disorders, or other medical conditions-assisted reproductive science, when carefully and ethically applied, can indeed serve as a legitimate way of alleviating people's suffering. For example, just as an individual with a weakened leg relies on a walking stick for support, persons with limited mobility benefit from the assistance of wheelchairs, and those whose vision is impaired find clarity through eyeglasses, so too can couples facing infertility harness scientific advances to nurture the gift of life. These examples are not acts of defiance against the natural order or a challenge to divine providence; they are instead practical expressions of our commitment to enhancing the human condition. Of course, recognising the potential role of assisted reproductive technologies as a compassionate option in providing meaningful support for couples struggling to build a family cannot be understood as constituting a "battle with God"; rather, it is an acknowledgment that our Creator has endowed us with reason and innovation to tend to the vulnerabilities inherent in our nature. Thus, in leveraging these advancements, we honour the sanctity of life and extend compassion to those for whom traditional means have proven insufficient. So just as medicine has advanced to provide prosthetics, mobility aids, and corrective devices that enable individuals to lead fuller lives, so too should our approach to assisted reproductive technologies be seen as an extension of our duty to care for one another. When done in a way that respects life and God's plan for creation, and when the technologies are used ethically, assisted reproduction can be viewed as an extension of human cooperation with God's gift of life which fosters the sacred pursuit of happiness in every family. It can also affirm that science and faith can coexist in harmonious service to humanity. The challenge lies in ensuring that any technology used aligns with the values of love, respect for life, and the sanctity of the marriage bond. Before proceeding, it will be useful to provide a brief survey of Catholic doctrines on fertility and science which reveals a nuanced and thoughtful approach to the relationship between faith, ethics, and the advancements of modern science, especially in the realm of reproduction technologies. In his 2013 Apostolic Exhortation - Evangelii Gaudium, Pope Francis said that evangelisers should "smell like the sheep" a metaphor that means that evangelisers should get involved in people's lives and be willing to humble themselves. His message emphasises the importance of accompanying and supporting Christians face difficulties in life, highlighting the need for a compassionate and inclusive community.

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IVF, Surrogacy, Family planning, Morality, Science and Technology

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The rapid integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into retail operations is reshaping the way brands interact with consumers. This study explores how AI-driven tools enhance the brand experience in both online and offline retail environments. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research includes a structured survey of 600 retail customers across five metropolitan cities and 15 in-depth interviews with retail managers and AI consultants. Results indicate that personalised AI features, such as virtual shopping assistants, dynamic pricing, and predictive inventory, significantly contribute to perceived brand value and consumer satisfaction. However, findings also reveal scepticism regarding data privacy and a gap in emotional engagement compared to human-led interactions. The study introduces the framework of "Intelligent Brand Engagement" (IBE) and offers a roadmap for ethically integrating AI to deepen brand-consumer relationships without compromising trust.

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The three primary ways to obtain Vitamin D (VD) are through sunlight exposure, dietary intake, and supplements. Since food generally contains low levels of VD, the most effective methods for maintaining adequate VD levels are through skin synthesis and proper supplementation. VD2 and VD3, which are produced not only by certain invertebrates and plants but also within the human body.Alarmingly, VD deficiency is increasingly common across the global population and is now considered a widespread health issue. VD deficiency is particularly common in older adults and individuals with obesity. It is now linked to a higher risk of developing bone disorders, cardiovascular conditions, diabetes, cancer, autoimmune diseases, and allergies. Educating both the public and healthcare professionals about the benefits and sources of VD, along with promoting appropriate supplementation, can help reduce the prevalence of deficiency.

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Vitamin D deficiency, causes and complications.

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Dharmik Anubhooti Ke Marg: Swami Vivekananda

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Dharmik Anubhooti Ke Marg: Swami Vivekananda

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This study presents a detailed mapping of the innovation ecosystem across Indian states, employing the Global Innovation Index (GII) framework with an emphasis on sectoral performance and institutional structures. Using secondary data spanning 2015 to 2024, this paper analyzes regional disparities in innovation capability and output through a multidimensional lens. It draws data from GII Reports (WIPO, INSEAD, Cornell), NITI Aayog's India Innovation Index, State Economic Surveys, DPIIT Startup Rankings, and national R&D statistics.The GII framework classifies innovation into two broad categories: Innovation Inputs (Institutions, Human Capital & Research, Infrastructure, Market & Business Sophistication) and Innovation Outputs (Knowledge & Technology Outputs, Creative Outputs). Applying this to Indian states, the study reveals stark variations in innovation performance. For example, as per the India Innovation Index 2021, Karnataka ranked 1st, driven by high R&D investment (INR10,484 crore in 2020-21), a vibrant startup ecosystem (over 13,000 startups registered by 2023), and institutions like IISc, ISRO, and multiple incubators. Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu followed due to their strength in manufacturing innovation, academic-industry linkages, and strong IP filing performance. Maharashtra alone accounted for 11.4% of India's patent filings in 2022. In contrast, states like Bihar, Jharkhand, and Uttar Pradesh ranked among the lowest due to low GERD (Gross Expenditure on R&D), poor infrastructure, and weak institutional support. For instance, Bihar's GERD as a share of GSDP was below 0.03% in 2022 compared to Karnataka's 0.93%. Moreover, while Kerala ranks high in human capital (literacy rate over 96%, high HEI density), it lags in startup facilitation and tech transfer mechanisms, indicating institutional gaps despite sectoral readiness. The study categorizes innovation into four sectors--IT & Services, Manufacturing, Agriculture, and Green Technologies. Sectoral analysis shows that: Karnataka and Telangana dominate in IT innovation, supported by skilled talent and policy support. Tamil Nadu leads in manufacturing R&D and product innovation. Punjab and Haryana show strong growth in agricultural innovation, including precision farming and biotech. Gujarat and Rajasthan are emerging in renewable energy and green technologies, backed by solar and wind infrastructure and policy subsidies. Institutionally, states with active innovation councils, PPP-led incubators, and university-linked R&D centers outperformed those lacking coordination. For instance, Gujarat's iCreate and Tamil Nadu's Innovation Grand Challenge are institutional models worth replicating.

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Sector-wise Innovation Trends in Indian States, Institutional Factors Influencing Innovation, Theoretical Framework, Integration of the Triple Helix Model, Methodology, Institutional Perspective, Policy Implications and Recommendations.

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??????? ?? 73??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? 2006 ?? ???? 90 ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ?????-????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? 1860 ?? ???? 140, 142, 143, 145, 147, 151, 153, 160, 172, 174, 178, 179, 269, 277, 283, 285, 286, 289, 290, 294, 323, 334, 336, 341, 352, 356, 357, 358, 374, 403, 406, 428, 430, 447, 448, 502, 504, 506, 510 ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ???1

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??????? ???, ???????? ??? ?????????, ????? ??????? ??? ??????? 2006

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Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) is a voltage sourced converter based series FACTS device that provides capacitive or inductive compensation independent of line current. This research paper presents the achievement of the required active and reactive power flow into the line for the purpose of compensation as well as validation of enhancement of the power system performance of a transmission line by connecting the SSSC on appropriate location. The effect of variation of the phase angle of the injected voltage on the power system parameters such as sending end voltage, transmission angle, active power, reactive power, and overall power factor with and without SSSC have also been incorporated. The Performance of power system have been tested on IEEE 14-Bus System.

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Flexible ac transmission (FACTS), static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), voltage sourced converter (VSC), static compensator (STATCOM).

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Krutim Bhudimata (AI) Ke Sadhupyog Me Ashtang Yog Ki Prasangita

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Krutim Bhudimata (AI) Ke Sadhupyog Me Ashtang Yog Ki Prasangita

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This research paper presents a comparative analysis between the Gurukul system of education and modern schooling. The Gurukul system, rooted in Indian cultural and moral traditions, emphasizes spiritual and value-based learning, while modern schools are largely based on Western frameworks and emphasize academic and professional development. Through the integration of both systems, education today is becoming more effective. This study highlights key differences in structure, ethical teachings, lifestyle education, and the use of technology, based on interviews and observations from 3 Gurukuls and 3 modern schools. The findings suggest that a balance between traditional values and modern methods can create a more holistic educational experience.

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Gurukul, Modern School, Moral Education, Educational System, Values, Comparison

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and hypertension are interconnected disorders that adversely affect health and substantially raise the risk of cardiovascular disease. CKD often arises as a consequence of T2DM and hypertension, leading to progressive renal dysfunction. Conventional management includes pharmacological interventions, but alternative approaches, such as Ayurveda, offer promising complementary therapies. This case study evaluates the impact of Ayurvedic interventions on CKD with coexisting hypertension and T2DM in a 69-year-old male patient at Jeena Sikho Lifecare Limited Hospital, Derabassi, India. The patient, with a long-standing history of hypertension for 10 years and T2DM for 20 years, presented with symptomatology of CKD, including pedal oedema, burning sensation, general weakness, insomnia raised serum creatinine, and anemia. A 12-day inpatient Ayurvedic treatment regimen, including Panchkarma therapies and Ayurvedic formulations, resulted in significant symptom relief. Laboratory investigations revealed improvements in renal function, with reductions in serum creatinine and urea levels. These findings highlight the potential of Ayurvedic treatments in CKD management. However, further large-scale clinical trials are necessary to validate their efficacy and establish standardized protocols for integrated Ayurvedic care in CKD treatment.

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Ayurveda, Chronic Kidney Disease, Hypertension, Madhumeh, Panchkarma, Type II Diabetes Mellitus, Vataj Pandu, Mutraghat

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Marriage is often viewed as a societal institution built on companionship and love. However, in the novel, Bombay Time by Thrity Umrigar, marriage becomes a site of trauma, patriarchal control and emotional neglect. Through the protagonist Coomi, the novel examines the psychological struggles of women who are imprisoned in unloving relationships, deprived of emotional fulfillment, and burdened by societal expectations. Coomi's marriage to Rusi begins with affection and hope, but soon worsens as she experiences emotional isolation, verbal and psychological abuse, and the intrusive presence of her mother-in-law, Khorshed Bilimoria. Rusi's emotional distance and unjustified blame further deepen Coomi's agony, reinforcing the idea that women in traditional marriages are supposed to put up with, adapt to, and remain silent. Through the feminist and psychoanalytic perspectives, this paper explores how Bombay Time critiques the patriarchal structures that dictate women's roles within marriage, ultimately questioning whether marriage is a source of fulfillment or only a means of oppressing women.

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Marriage, Thirty Umrigar, Bombay Time, Trauma.

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This case study highlights the therapeutic value of Ayurvedic treatment in managing Chronic Liver Disease (CLD) in a 65-year-old male patient with comorbid hypertension and coronary artery disease (CAD). The treatment approach included dietary and lifestyle modifications, Panchkarma therapies, and Ayurvedic formulations. The patient reported significant symptomatic improvement in fatigue, dyspnea, pedal edema, gastric disturbances, itchiness, and sleep irregularities. Fibro Scan results showed a reduction in liver fat content (CAP decreased from 261 to 207) and a notable decline in liver stiffness (from 18 to 14.3 kPa), indicating regression in hepatic fibrosis. Ayurvedic herbs like Amalaki (Emblica officinalis), Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia), Punarnava (Boerhavia diffusa), Haritaki (Terminalia chebula), and Neem (Azadirachta indica) were instrumental due to their hepatoprotective, detoxifying, and immunomodulatory properties as explained through their Rasapanchaka characteristics. The Ayurvedic interventions appeared effective in improving liver function and quality of life in CLD, emphasizing Ayurveda's potential as a complementary approach in chronic hepatic disorders.

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Ayurveda, chronic liver disease, hepatoprotection, liver fibrosis, Panchkarma, Fibro scan.

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As education becomes increasingly digital, students face challenges related to posture, digital distractions, and eye strain caused by prolonged screen exposure. This paper presents the design and development of a smart study table that addresses these concerns through ergonomic adjustability, a projection-based digital interface, and an integrated AI-powered tutor. The table supports both sitting and standing modes, reduces visual fatigue via projection-based displays, and enhances focus with personalized digital assistance. The design was developed through a user-centered approach, validated by prototyping and user testing, confirming its impact on comfort, productivity, and digital wellness.

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Smart furniture, AI tutor, Study table, Digital learning, Ergonomics, Projection interface

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Aquasomes Are Innovative, Nanoscale Delivery Vehicles That Merge the Benefits of Nanotechnology with Biological Stability. These Three-Layered Self-Assembling Structures Comprise a Solid Core (Commonly Made of Calcium Phosphate or Tin Oxide), A Carbohydrate Coating, And an Outer Layer That Carries Bioactive Molecules Such as Proteins, Peptides, And Genetic Material. The Unique Structural Design Enables Aquasomes to Preserve the Therapeutic Integrity of Sensitive Molecules While Ensuring Targeted and Controlled Delivery. With Their Ability to Maintain Drug Stability and Functionality, Aquasomes Represent a Next-Generation Platform in Drug Delivery, Offering Promising Prospects for Clinical and Pharmaceutical Advancements.

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Aquasomes, Self assembling carrier system, Novel drug delivery, Core Material

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The Gupta period sculptures stored in the Government Museum located in Mathura district of Uttar Pradesh state of India have been carved with great skill by the artists here. The main specialty of this period has been sculpture. The clothing of the Guptaperiod is light and flimsy. The quantity of Jewellery remains high. The marking of Belbute has been a specialty of the Guptaperiod. In the hands of skilled craftsman, the 'Clay and Stones' of this period have transformed into living statues of beauty.

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Idol, Guptaperiod, Vastra, Statue, Ornaments

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The Smart Cloud File Storage with Face Recognition Security system is designed to provide secure, user-authenticated access to files using advanced biometric verification. In today's digital world, where data privacy and cyber-security are crucial, traditional password-based systems often fail to offer robust protection. This project presents a smart solution integrating real-time facial recognition into the file access workflow, ensuring only authorized users can store or retrieve files.The system utilizes computer vision techniques through OpenCV and the face_recognition Python library to capture and match facial features during login or registration. A web-based interface powered by Flask offers user registration, face-based login, and secure file upload/download functionalities. The entire solution is deployable on local or cloud servers like AWS or Firebase, built to scale as needed.By replacing vulnerable password-based systems with facial authentication, unauthorized access is minimized and digital file security is enhanced. This system is particularly beneficial in academic, personal, or enterprise settings where protected, user-specific file access is required.

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Smart Cloud Storage, Face Recognition, Biometric Security, Real-Time Authentication, Cloud File Management

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ABSTRACT The role of e-governance in India is transformative, marking a paradigm shift in the interaction between government and citizens. It embodies the transition to a more transparent, efficient, and accessible form of governance. Through initiatives like the Digital India campaign, e-governance has been instrumental in digitizing services, enhancing citizen engagement, and fostering socio-economic development. It has streamlined administrative processes, reduced corruption, and bridged the digital divide. The integration of technology in governance has not only improved service delivery but also empowered citizens by making information and services more readily available. This abstract encapsulates the essence of e-governance's impact on India's journey towards a digitally empowered society. E-Governance in India has emerged as a transformative tool to enhance transparency, efficiency, and accountability in public service delivery. With initiatives like Digital India, the government aims to bridge the digital divide and make governance more accessible to citizens. However, the implementation of e-governance is riddled with multifaceted challenges. This critical analysis explores key issues such as inadequate digital infrastructure, low digital literacy, cybersecurity threats, resistance to change within bureaucratic systems, and regional disparities in ICT penetration. Additionally, socio-economic factors, poor coordination among departments, and legal-political constraints further complicate the effectiveness of e-governance projects. The paper emphasizes the need for robust policy frameworks, capacity building, and inclusive strategies to overcome these obstacles. Addressing these challenges is crucial to realizing the full potential of e-governance in creating a more participatory and equitable governance ecosystem in India.

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Keywords: E-Governance, India, Digital, Challenge, Financial, government

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Social media has become an integral part of young individuals' lives, often influencing their behavior, lifestyle, and mental well-being. This mixed method sequential exploratory study aims to assess the addiction of social media among youngsters through qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study explores the subjective experiences and behavioral patterns of youngsters and quantifies the level of social media addiction using a standardized scale. Result:- average score of this scale shows that around 33% of the population is use social media according to planning, 33% population feels the urge to use the social media sometimes and 30 % of population feels to cut down social media without any reason and 10% of population feels restless to cut down the social media and 40% of population feels that social media gives negative impact on the daily living.

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Social media addiction, youngsters, mixed-method, qualitative, quantitative, behavior, digital use

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The 'Portable Robotic Arm' is a compact, wireless, low-cost robotic system that offers realtime remote control through a smartphone system. The primary objective of this work is to develop an accessible and programmable robotic platform that integrates seamlessly with open-source hardware and software. The system is built using an Arduino Nano microcontroller, four SG90 servo motors, and a PCA9685 PWM servo driver, which together enable a multi-joint articulation of the robotic arm. For wireless communication, the system employs an HC-05 Bluetooth module interfaced with an Android-based application, allowing the user to control the robotic arm without any physical connection.

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Arduino, Portable Robotics, Servo Motors, Embedded Control, On-Demand Automation

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