Volume 13 | Issue 6

 Abstract

This study explores the various factors influencing job satisfaction among migrant workers in Coimbatore City, a region known for its industrial and economic growth. Migrant workers are vital contributors to sectors such as manufacturing, construction, and domestic work, yet they often face multiple challenges including low wages, long working hours, limited access to benefits, and inadequate living conditions. The research aims to identify the demographic, economic, and social determinants that affect their job satisfaction. A structured questionnaire was administered to 120 respondents using convenience sampling, and data was analyzed using percentage and Likert scale methods. Findings reveal that low salary, housing challenges, and long working hours are the most pressing issues affecting satisfaction. However, many workers also reported satisfaction with job security and living with family. The study concludes that improving wages, providing adequate housing and healthcare, and ensuring legal protections can significantly enhance job satisfaction and overall well-being of migrant workers. Recommendations have been made to guide employers and policymakers in creating more inclusive and supportive work environments.

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Job Satisfaction, Work Environment, Living Conditions, Living Conditions, Job Security.

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Soft-story construction is frequently used in high-rise or multi-story buildings due to architectural considerations that produce story height differences. These give the building structures irregularities in stiffness, which lessens the stiffness of the lateral load-resisting system. A sudden decrease in stiffness concentrates more stress at the stiffness-reduced story columns, making the columns incapable of providing sufficient resistance during an earthquake. Given the aforementioned considerations, the impact of soft stories on the building's seismic performance must be taken into account while evaluating and designing the structural building frames. This study's primary goal is to use numerical models based on finite element principles to investigate the seismic performance of stiffness irregular buildings caused by a large story height difference on RC structures. G+10 and G+20 are the basis case structures for these two regular buildings, while instances representing irregular structures are defined by altering the base case's vertical distribution stiffness. By extending the base case's ground and second floors' height by 200%, the stiffness irregularity is produced. Consequently, ETABS 2021.2.1 (CSI ETABS 2022, Integrated Building Design Software, Computers and Structures Inc. Berkeley) is used to study and design various model scenarios of RC buildings. According to the new Ethiopian Buildings Code Standards (ES EN: 2015), the suggested building model examples were analyzed and designed using the traditional design methodology. The numerical model on SeismoStruct is then based on the design outputs of the primary structural elements [SeismoSoft, 2016]. The response in terms of basic periods, base shear-top displacement, interstory drift, lateral displacements, and fragility curve at various performance levels is obtained by pushover and nonlinear dynamic studies. As the number of soft stories and the number of stories or building height increase, the effect of stiffness irregularity on the fundamental period becomes more significant. In all cases, the story drifts demands increase in the soft story and decrease in most other stories, and the drift of most floors is greater than the low able drift according to the seismic base shear for stiffness regular buildings are greater than the stiffness irregular ones. Lastly, the probability of failure for each limit state capacities of stiffness irregular building models is greater than stiffness regular buildings models in all cases.

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soft-story, fragility curves, pushover and limit state capacities

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This article examines the intersection between meditation practices and connection with the natural environment, exploring how nature-based contemplative practices contribute to psychological well-being, environmental awareness, and spiritual development. Through a comprehensive review of empirical research and theoretical frameworks, this study investigates the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic benefits of outdoor meditation, forest bathing, and wilderness-based mindfulness practices. The findings suggest that combining meditation with natural environments creates synergistic effects that enhance stress reduction, emotional regulation, and ecological consciousness. The article proposes a theoretical model for understanding nature-meditation interactions and discusses implications for therapeutic interventions, environmental education, and sustainable living practices.

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meditation, nature connection, mindfulness, environmental psychology, forest bathing, ecotherapy

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Self-healing concrete has established its effectiveness in repairing cracks, ultimately leading to improved durability. Additionally, there is a need to ensure that other crucial mechanical properties, particularly the strength of the intact (uncracked) material, remain uncompromised. When microorganisms are used, calcium carbonate precipitates in concrete. This precipitation will occur naturally as a consequence of biological activity and will be pollution-free. Despite CaCO3 precipitation being the primary component of the bacterial reaction product responsible for healing cracks and enhancing concrete strength, leveraging the effect of bacteria on concrete's mechanical properties could be subjective. This project reviews the impact of bacteria on mechanical properties, with a focus on the control (intact) strength of concrete and mortar under various conditions, with cementitious material replacement. In this project Bactaheal-PR is used as the bacteria in the concrete which helps in healing of the cracks in the concrete. In addition to the bacteria the cement is partially replaced with the fly ash which gives strength to the concrete. First the concrete is mixed without bacteria with the partial replacement of the cement with fly ash at various percentages of 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 30% and 40% and after curing takes place for 7, 28 days, the specimens are tested for compressive strength. Then the bacteria is added to the concrete of 0.25%, 0.5% with the partial replacement of cement with fly ash for the percentages of 12%, 30%, 40% and again the compressive strength test is carried out.The results show that comparing to the normal concrete the highest compressive strength is attained at 12% partial replacement of cement with fly ash without addition of bacteria. The optimum compressive strength is achieved at 12% partial replacement of cement with fly ash and with addition of 0.5% Bactaheal-PR bacteria. While comparing the concrete without bacteria the compressive strength is higher for the concrete with the addition of the bacteria. Comparing to the strength of the uncracked cubes the highest strength is attained by the crack healed cubes.

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Cement, FineAggregate, CoarseAggregate, FlyAsh, Water, Bacterial species (Bactaheal - PR).

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BHARATIYA GYAAN PARAMPARA (IKS) AUR ISAKI UPAADEYATA: EK ADHYAYAN

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BHARATIYA GYAAN PARAMPARA (IKS) AUR ISAKI UPAADEYATA: EK ADHYAYAN

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AgroBuddy, the paper presents an integrated framework using ML and DL to change agricultural decision-making completely. AgroBuddy is the result of three modules designed to tackle problems such as crop selection, soil nutrient management and plant disease detection, namely (a) Crop Recommendation, which gives the best crops depending on the soil and the climate, (b) Fertilizer Suggestion, offering the best fertilizing recommendations for improving soil nutrition and (c) Plant Disease Prediction, which utilizes CNN-based image analysis of plants to detect early signs of disease and make treatment recommendations. The algorithms used are Random Forest, XGBoost, and ResNet, and the data is processed based on soil properties, weather conditions, and crop health datasets. AgroBuddy was essentially designed to empower farmers with data-driven insights for improving productivity and sustainability while building resilience against climate & market volatility. The disease prediction model is experimented with and demonstrates very high accuracy across all modules with up to 99 % efficacy. The platform's technical, economic and operational analysis validates its feasibility to transform the traditional farming practice in India and beyond.

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Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Precision Agriculture, Crop Recommendation, Fertilizer Optimization, Plant Disease Detection, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Sustainable Farming, AgroBuddy and Data Driven Agriculture.

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This project focuses on the development of a low-power RTL (Register Transfer Level) generation model for eye disease classification using FPGA technology. The system integrates a graphical user interface (GUI) .The dataset used comprises eye disease images in .jpg or .png format. These images undergoes a preprocessing phase that includes resizing, noise removal, histogram equalization, gray-scale conversion, and normalization. Additionally, the Local Binary Pattern (LBP) algorithm is employed to capture relevant texture information from the images. For classification, the project utilizes the ResNet50 deep learning algorithm to analyze the image data. The final output of the model is translated into Verilog code for RTL simulation. This work aims to provide a hardware-efficient, low-power solution for real-time eye disease classification.

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area, power consumption, delay, Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM).

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Bioethics has had a significant impact on medical practice, policy, and research since its inception. Although its protective and normative functions are well known, the direct influence of bioethical frameworks and principles on observable healthcare outcomes is still a complicated and frequently understudied topic. The usefulness of bioethics in promoting equal access, effective resource allocation, and favorable patient-centered outcomes is thoroughly examined in this paper. Beyond theoretical debates and anecdotal evidence, we offer a multifaceted framework that includes both qualitative and quantitative indicators and critically review current approaches to evaluating bioethical influence. While acknowledging situations where ethical considerations have been disregarded or have unintentionally led to unintended consequences, we also examine cases where bioethical interventions have clearly improved patient safety, promoted informed decision-making, decreased disparities, and mitigated harm. Although bioethics has unquestionably raised moral consciousness in the healthcare industry, this analysis shows that its quantifiable influence on results is frequently indirect and is mediated by public involvement, professional education, and policy implementation. In order to strengthen bioethics' ability to significantly contribute to a more equitable and efficient healthcare system, we support interdisciplinary research that closes the gap between ethical theory and real-world application. We also argue for a more rigorous, evidence-based approach to bioethical evaluation.

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Bioethics, Healthcare Outcomes, Evaluation, Ethical Impact, Patient Safety, Health Equity, Informed Consent, Policy Implementation, Ethical Metrics.

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All over the world there is a significant number of females who are suffering from menstrual pain. It inclusively affects the workplace and also triggers daily life activity. Menstrual related problems including pain along with other symptoms reduced productivity of work performed by a woman.

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Menstruation, Hypothalamic releasing hormones, Ovarian hormones

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Girish Karnad's Hayavadana is a landmark play in Indian drama that challenges traditional notions of identity, marriage, and gender roles. This paper explores the theme of revolt against societal expectations of marriage through the character of Padmini, who embodies a feministic voice in the play. Unlike conventional portrayals of passive and sacrificial wives in Indian literature, Padmini asserts her desires and refuses to be confined by rigid marital norms. Her fascination with both Devadatta's intellect and Kapila's physicality symbolizes the inherent conflict between societal expectations and individual aspirations. Karnad critiques the institution of marriage as an inadequate construct that often fails to accommodate human complexity. Through a close comparison with the protagonists Nora and Tara, and also through her contrast with Shakuntala and Seeta, the study highlights how Padmini's character resonates with broader feminist discourses. The recurring motif of incompleteness in Hayavadana further underscores the limitations of traditional social structures. By analysing Karnad's use of mythology, folklore, and modern sensibilities, this paper establishes Hayavadana as a significant feminist text that redefines the agency of women in literature.

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Hayavadana, Girish Karnad, Feminism, Marriage, Female Agency

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Holistic happiness among the youth squared with global trends. And main contributing happiness elements is psychological and subjective well-being. In present time college going students faced lots of issues academic presser, career choices, day to day stress, peer presser, difficult to manage college and personal life and they more focused on materialistic things as source of happiness. Whoever students less focused on holistic happiness (psychological and subjective well- being). So, the aim of this study to explore relationship among domains of psychological well-being and over all subjective well-being. And also find out psychological well -being was a good predictor of subjective well-being. The sample of the present study comprised 100 purposively selected young adults (both male and female) studying in the colleges of Varanasi city (U.P. India). Participants completed the psychological well-being scale (PWBS) and subjective well-being inventory (SWBI). Correlation analysis assess relationship between psychological and subjective well-being and multiple correlation analysis measure the psychological well- being predict the subjective well- being. The results showed subjective well- being positively correlated to domains of PWB such as satisfaction (r= .331, p< .01), efficiency (r=.466, p<.01), sociability (r=.444, p<.01), mental health (r=.444, p<.01), interpersonal relation (r=.358, p<.01) and total psychological well-being (r= .469, p<.01). and the standardized beta coefficient (?=1.97) indicates a strong and positive impact of the predictor on psychological well-being. The model explains 22% of the variance in psychological well-being (R2=.220), which suggests that a meaningful proportion of the variation in psychological well-being is accounted for by the predictor.

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subjective well-being and psychological well-being, college going students

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The aim of present study was to formulation and development of herbal chewable tablet from amalaki (Embelica officinalis Gaertn.),mint, and milk powder. The chewable tablet is prepared by wet granulation method. The evolution of chewable tablet was done on different parameters, like hardness test, friability test, disintegration time test, weight variation test were examined. Here an effort is made to increase the formulation palatability, shelf life and masking the taste by turning it into chewable tablet without changing its properties.

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Embelica officinalis Gaertn, chewable tablets, wet granulation method.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Index Terms - precision, UV- spectroscopy, wavelength, lumefantrine, validation

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Entrepreneurship is fundamental to any nation's economic growth, employment generation, and innovation. In democratic societies like India, governance structures significantly influence the entrepreneurial ecosystem by shaping policies, providing regulatory frameworks, and ensuring institutional support. The Indian government has launched various policy interventions such as Startup India, Digital India, Make in India, and Atmanirbhar Bharat to support entrepreneurship. However, challenges such as bureaucratic delays, access to capital, and policy implementation gaps persist. This paper explores how democratic governance influences entrepreneurial growth in India, focusing on policy interventions, their effectiveness, and areas that require reform. The findings indicate that while democratic governance provides a structured and transparent business environment, it also poses regulatory challenges that affect business scalability. Through a content analysis research approach, this study assesses the impact of government initiatives, regulatory frameworks, and financial accessibility on India's entrepreneurial landscape. The paper emphasizes the need for sustained policy consistency, enhanced financial support mechanisms, and improved public-private partnerships to ensure long-term entrepreneurial success. By addressing these areas, democratic governance can further strengthen India's position as a global entrepreneurial hub.

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Keywords: Democratic Governance, Entrepreneurship, Policy Interventions, Economic Growth

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 Abstract

Chromatography is an essential separation method for high-purity samples of food, earth, water, and medications. One well-known technique in the production of biopharmaceuticals that is essential to attaining superior separation and purification is preparative chromatography [1]. It is a potent analytical method for separating, identifying, and measuring a mixture's constituent parts. The method separates the components of a sample according to their affinities for the stationary and mobile phases by interacting the sample with both. It has been widely used in many different industries, including as environmental monitoring, biotechnology, and medicines. The development of preparative chromatography has historically involved time consuming and material-intensive laboratory research [2, 3]. Manual operations, however, are laborious, time-consuming, and prone to human mistake [4]. To satisfy the present expectations of efficient and personalized pharmaceutical manufacturing within shorter development periods, more approaches are required [5]. AI is a young field that focuses on using computer systems to solve problems by running algorithms that mimic human brain cognitive processes. AI uses technologies, especially computer systems, to mimic human cognitive processes. With the ability to connect inputs and outputs, modify behavior in response to external stimuli, and then make decisions, the majority of modern AI algorithms increase the possibility of providing accurate answers. The main advantages of artificial intelligence (AI) are producing better and more accurate predictions and extracting meaningful and unbiased information from datasets that are either incredibly large or extremely complex, beyond human analytical potential [12].

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Chromatography, Artificial intelligence, pharmaceutical, separation, analytical.

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Butterflies belongs to order Lepidoptera of class Insecta. They prefers host or nectar plants for growth and development with indicates their diversity of flora of an area. They are major ecological indicators, play an vital role in the food chain and food web. Study on diversity of butterflies conducted from May 2023 to September 2024. Documented a total of 115 butterfly species belonging to 74 genera across five families: Hesperiidae (16 species, 13.91%), Lycaenidae (25 species, 21.73%), Nymphalidae (37 species, 32.2%), Papilionidae (17 species, 14.8%), and Pieridae (20 species, 17.4%). Statistical data revealed, Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H') of 1.558, indicating moderate diversity across families, with a low Evenness Index (J = 0.2222) stating uneven species distribution. Dominance Index (32.2) highlighted Nymphalidae's significant contribution to the overall species diversity. This study underscores the areas significance as a biodiversity hotspot and provides baseline data to monitor anthropological and climatic impacts. The results also contribute to regional biodiversity records, aiding policymakers and conservationists in prioritizing areas for protection.

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Butterfly, Diversity, Shivamogga, Western ghats, Lepidoptera

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In many conventional consumer and industrial tools such as blenders, grinders, drills, and even transportation devices like bicycles, significant energy wastage occurs due to inefficient energy transfer and storage systems. This research proposes a novel design improvement for industrial drills by integrating a flywheel-based energy transfer system. A flywheel acts as an energy reservoir, smoothing power delivery and improving efficiency by storing rotational energy from a motor and releasing it as needed. The system comprises a motor connected to a flywheel via gear or belt mechanism chosen based on traction and application requirements. The stored energy is then transmitted through a gearbox or transmission system to achieve the desired torque-speed output ratio, crucial for drilling operations. This method not only enhances energy efficiency but also reduces mechanical stress and power fluctuations, potentially increasing the lifespan and reliability of industrial drills. This paper presents a theoretical model and design framework to implement flywheel-assisted energy transfer in systems.

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Kinetic Energy, Bicycle, Drills Dog Clutch, Fly Wheel

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Ensuring road safety, particularly for individuals using taxis or private vehicles, is vital for fostering secure urban living. Women, in particular, face heightened risks while traveling, including harassment, inappropriate physical contact, abduction, and assault. Many users would willingly opt for a slightly longer journey if it meant enhanced personal security. However, popular navigation tools such as Google Maps, Apple Maps, and Bing Maps largely fail to incorporate safety-related parameters--such as incidents of theft, harassment, snatching, hijacking, or robbery--into their route planning algorithms. With increasing rates of urban crime, the need for targeted solutions that prioritize women's safety during commutes has become increasingly urgent. To address this challenge, our project introduces a groundbreaking Traveler Safety Solution, designed to improve the safety and experience of women commuters through the use of advanced technology. This system combines several cutting-edge tools: Google Maps API for navigation and traffic data, Yolov8 for real-time object detection, Tesseract OCR for recognizing text, and integration with RTO databases for vehicle and driver verification. Key functionalities include intelligent route selection based not just on speed but on safety data, direct communication options with drivers, automated SMS alerts containing journey specifics, and continuous real-time GPS tracking. The system uses map-matching algorithms to identify deviations from the chosen path and instantly issues emergency alerts if unexpected changes occur, notifying both the traveler and their designated emergency contacts. Post-trip, users are encouraged to rate and review drivers, helping improve service quality over time. This innovative solution not only addresses the safety issues faced by women on the move but also empowers them with critical tools for communication and situational awareness--ultimately enabling safer and more confident travel in urban spaces without plagiarism convert into unique words.

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Women's travel safety, Next-generation safety systems, Safe commuting solutions, Smart transportation safety, Crime-aware navigation.

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The rising global prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD) has led to the exploration of plant-based alternatives to synthetic nootropics. Embelia ribes, traditionally known for its therapeutic benefits in Ayurvedic medicine, has recently been investigated for its memory-enhancing potential. This review summarizes the pharmacological basis and preclinical findings related to E. Ribes's cognitive effects, focusing on scopolamine-induced amnesia models in Swiss albino mice. The extract demonstrated significant improvements in behavioral assays such as the Morris Water Maze and Elevated Plus Maze, alongside biochemical evidence of acetylcholinesterase inhibition, reduced oxidative stress, and improved neuronal integrity. The bioactive compounds such as embelin, flavonoids, and polyphenols play a pivotal role in these neuroprotective effects. This review highlights the therapeutic promise of E. Ribes as a nootropic agent and advocates for further pharmacokinetic and clinical validation

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Embelia ribes, nootropic, scopolamine, Alzheimer's disease, oxidative stress, acetylcholinesterase, memory enhancement, herbal neurotherapeutics

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Blockchain technology is driving a major transformation in the healthcare industry by providing a secure and decentralized framework for managing sensitive medical records. Unlike conventional systems that rely on centralized databases--often vulnerable to cyber-attacks and unauthorized alterations--blockchain operates on a distributed ledger where recorded data is immutable. This immutability significantly enhances data integrity and reduces the risk of security breaches. A key strength of blockchain in healthcare is its ability to ensure privacy. Through encryption and decentralized control, access to medical information is restricted to authorized users only. Additionally, blockchain enables efficient and secure data sharing among hospitals, clinics, and specialists, overcoming challenges posed by fragmented or inconsistent health records. This improves the speed and accuracy of patient care. Smart contracts further enhance the system by automating access permissions and updates based on predefined rules. These self-executing protocols minimize manual intervention, reduce administrative overhead, and lower the chance of human error. Most importantly, blockchain empowers patients by giving them full control over their personal health data. Patients can choose who accesses their records, fostering transparency and trust between healthcare providers and individuals. This patient-centric approach encourages active participation in healthcare decisions and supports a more collaborative care environment.

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Blockchain Technology, Medical Records Management, Decentralized Systems, Data Privacy, Smart Contracts, Patient-Centric Healthcare, Secure Data Sharing, Interoperability, Tamper-Proof Records, Healthcare Automation, Distributed Ledger, Access Control, Digital Health Transformation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition