Volume 12 | Issue 6

 Abstract

Geographical Information Systems (GIS) have emerged as indispensable tools in the realm of disaster risk management, offering a comprehensive approach to understanding, mitigating, and responding to natural hazards. This abstract explores the multifaceted role of GIS in disaster risk management, highlighting its significance in hazard mapping, vulnerability assessment, and emergency response preparedness.GIS facilitates hazard mapping by integrating diverse spatial datasets, including topography, land use, and historical hazard occurrences. Through sophisticated spatial analysis, GIS identifies high-risk areas prone to floods, earthquakes, wildfires, and other hazards, enabling policymakers to prioritize resources for mitigation efforts and land-use planning. GIS plays a crucial role in vulnerability assessment by integrating socio-economic and environmental data to identify vulnerable populations, critical infrastructure, and assets at risk. This information empowers decision-makers to tailor interventions such as evacuation plans and resource allocation, ensuring the resilience of communities in the face of disasters.GIS enhances emergency response and preparedness by integrating real-time data feeds, facilitating situational awareness, resource allocation, and coordination among response agencies. By providing decision-makers with accurate spatial information, GIS enables timely and effective response efforts, ultimately reducing the impact of disasters on communities.GIS serves as a vital tool in disaster risk management, offering invaluable capabilities in hazard mapping, vulnerability assessment, and emergency response preparedness. Its integration of spatial data and analytical tools enables decision-makers to make informed decisions, enhance resilience, and safeguard lives and livelihoods in the face of natural hazards.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Geographical Information Systems (GIS) ,Disaster Risk Management, Hazard Mapping, Vulnerability Assessment ,Emergency Response ,Spatial Analysis, Hazard Identification, Resilience, Decision-Making, Spatial Data Integration

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Haruki Murakami's work delves into the tropes of realism and existentialism, the promises of industrialization, and the dilemmas of post-industrial society in a highly developed country. The works of postmodern literature, the fragment narrative, meta-fiction, and hyper-reality are exemplified in his works highlighting the concepts of the distinction between genuine and fake reality. Indeed, in novels like 'Kafka on the Shore' and '1Q84,' a consistent feature in Murakami's work relates to the cultured ambiguity between reality and fantasy which is characteristic of the twentieth century experiencing wars, main nuclear threat, and technological advancement. These contextual antecedents can help explain his portrayal of existential despair and alienation inherent in his characters who act out in societies saturated with consumerist imagery and emaciated of meaning. Allegory and symbolism enhance the user engagement, which alludes to the pop culture, literature, and music to make sure the narrative contains added layers of meaning. His characters frequently experience deep existential crises where they're forced to deal with shattered personalities and the quest for purpose in an anarchy society. This essay shows how Murakami deconstructs reality and renegotiates the definition of the human self in a postmodern way, challenging the readers to ponder on the fact that one can be a writer, or an author of life both in fiction and real life. Thus, using the example of the present- oriented consumption, he simultaneously lampoons the modern post-industrial survivors' obsession with consumption and spills the longing for meaningful existence and acknowledgement of the approved concern with the quest for the evaluation in a society becoming post industrialized.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Meta-fiction, Storytelling, Capitalism, Existentialism, Loneliness

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Water is very much essential to life, but too much of water can have severe consequences on our communities, society and the environment. Floods are some of the most dramatic and severe natural disasters associeted with water that humans are experiencing for thousands of years. Flood is the overflow of water onto normally a dry land. The flooding of a normally dry area caused by rising of water level in an existing waterway, such as a river or pond is called Flood. Flood is enormous amount of water. Sometimes too much of anything called as Flood. Floods are the most frequent type of natural disaster and occur when an overflow of water submerges land that is usually dry. Generally Flooding is a type of extreme weather and it happens when there is heavy precipitation in a very short amount of time. Generally, floods take hours or even days to develop, giving populations time to prepare or evacuate. But many times floods develop quickly and with little warning, at such times people will not be having any time for preparedness.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Flood, Disaster, Overflow, Warning, Precipitation

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Electronic banking aids users to get access to their funds through an electronic medium, thereby, eliminating the requirement for the banks' customers to visit the bank to do financial transactions. Since a greater number of customers are now using the internet for a host of their daily activities, this digital medium of banking makes banking far accessible and convenient for users. Electronic banking is also known with the names, like, e-banking, virtual banking, online banking, or internet banking. In simple words, the electronic banking is the use of electronic and telecommunications network for delivering different sort of banking products and services. Moreover, a customer can easily access his bank account and carry transactions by using his computer or mobile phone with the help of e-banking. This study throws light on the factors influencing the customer satisfaction on E-Banking services.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Internet Banking, Customer Satisfaction, E-Banking, Online Banking.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Brain tumor detection and segmentation are critical tasks in medical imaging analysis for diagnosis and treatment planning. In recent years, computer vision techniques, particularly those implemented using the OpenCV library, have shown promising results in automating these processes. This paper presents a comprehensive review and analysis of brain tumor detection and segmentation methods employing OpenCV. Various techniques, including image preprocessing, feature extraction, and segmentation algorithms, are explored and compared in terms of their effectiveness, computational efficiency, and applicability to different types of brain tumors. Furthermore, challenges and opportunities in this field are discussed, along with potential future research directions. The findings of this study contribute to the advancement of automated brain tumor detection and segmentation systems, ultimately aiding healthcare professionals in improving diagnosis accuracy and treatment planning.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Brain tumor, OpenCV, medical imaging, segmentation

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper introduces an investigation of PWM techniques which can minimize total harmonic distortion (THD) and enhance the output voltage. Also, this paper present a comparison between different topologies of multilevel inverter. This comparison is done with respect of weight, THD and cost. For multilevel inverters IGBT's and MOSFET's are used as switching devices to make the inverter more accurate. Multilevel inverters are important for power electronics application such as, active power filters and uninterruptible power supplies. If THD is important, the 11 level inverter should be used, since it has lower THD than 9 level and 5 level inverter. If cost is important 5 level inverter be used. If power losses are important the 9-level diode-clamped inverter is used. Selecting a multilevel inverter is a tradeoff between cost, complexity, losses and THD. The most important part is to decide which one is important.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

multilevel inverters, pulse width modulation, total harmonic distortion, power losses and Loss..

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The PGPR Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria are most beneficial strain of bacteria that enhance the plant growth and biocontrol by direct and indirect mechanism. The PGPR identified as the efficient microbe as bio fertilizer for plant growth. Hence the present investigation was carried out to isolate and characterize the PGPR from rhizosphere soil. A total ten in number isolates were isolated from soil sample and were characterize by different characterization techniques. In this present study the out of ten isolates two 10-5F1 and 10-5F3 shown high IAA production, displayed phosphate solubilizing activity in Pikovskaya agar, almost all isolates were positive for catalase test and showed antifungal activity against Aspergillus species

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Rhizobacteria, phosphate solubilizing, antifungal activity

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: Tribal belt in any region refers to specific areas of settlement of tribal people. They are groups of people with specific customs, traditions, dialect and have a common culture. People here generally live and work together in a shared geographical area. The five areas identified under five ITDP's (Integrated Tribal Development Programme) are Kinnaur, Lahaul, Spiti, Pangi and Bharmour. The various tribes in Himachal Pradesh include Lahaula, Pangwala, Gaddi, Swangla, Bodh people and Kinnauri and Khampa tribes. Women in any society play a pivotal role in shaping that society. Here in this paper, it is being analyzed that what is women's position in a tribal society. In the tribal belt of Himachal Pradesh Buddhism is prevalent especially in Lahaul & Spiti and Kinnaur regions. From religious point of view Buddhism offers a liberal outlook towards women. The women's work in these regions is mainly confined to agricultural activities [7]. As far as inheritance laws are concerned, Hindu succession act has led to much dilemma here but in all of this the ray of hope is the decision of Court of Law. Polyandry an old custom still exists in some parts of Kinnaur and Lahaul. Law of primogeniture exists in Spiti. The benefits of Scheduled Areas act are acting aptly to safeguard the economic, cultural rights of tribal population in the area.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Key Words: Hindu Succession Act, Primogeniture, Polyandry, Scheduled Area.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Over the past few decades, advances in information technology have significantly transformed how we manage data and information, particularly in terms of data acquisition, processing, and predictions. This interdisciplinary effort has involved the use of image processing techniques and the implementation of AI-based models. The latest technological innovations have made it possible for researchers to conduct computational experiments that would have been impractical using conventional methods. This survey paper examines various methodologies for object detection, providing a systematic analysis of existing techniques with a detailed presentation. The study also includes an evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of current methods and outlines future research opportunities in this field.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Object Recognition, Object Detection, Image Processing, AI-Artificial Intelligence.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The project, "Animal Species Detection using Convolutional Neural Network," aims to create a sophisticated system for identifying and classifying animal species from both static images and live video streams. Utilizing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and the YOLO v8 object detection algorithm, the system promises accurate, real-time animal detection and recognition. Inputs from various sources will yield outputs with bounding boxes, species names, and corresponding audio tracks. Developed with the Streamlit framework for an interactive front end, the project will leverage the Roboflow platform for data set curation, model training, and deployment. Notifications via Telegram will provide real-time detection updates, and the front end will offer detailed information on each detected species. This project is poised to significantly advance animal conservation, wildlife monitoring, and environmental research by offering an efficient and accurate tool for animal species detection and identification.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

CNN, YOLO, Roboflow

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Employee attrition and retention has been one of the major issues of the IT industry in Coimbatore. The issue of employee Attrition and retention remains a significant concern within the IT industry in Coimbatore. This research primarily aims to identify and examine the factors to employee turnover and retention within IT companies in Coimbatore. Data was gathered through a questionnaire to analyze factors such as personal attributes of employees, opinions on factors influencing turnover, and retention strategies implemented in terms of service and working conditions, as well as welfare measures. Currently, the Information Technology sector is grappling with the challenge of recruiting and retaining skilled individuals while also addressing talent loss due to turnover. One of the most pressing challenges faced by employers, particularly in the Information Technology field in the 21st century, is the high rate of employee turnover leading to a manpower shortage amidst a growing demand for skilled professionals. This dynamic often poses numerous challenges for employers in the industry while also presenting opportunities and benefits to employees through effective retention strategies. (Source: Vibha Gupta, 2013, Nargundkar and Rajendra, 2003).

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Retention, HR practices, employee attrition

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Today, social media is one of the most popular and widely utilized forms of communication. People currently utilize social media to interact with one another all around the world. People have been using social media to discuss their experiences in recent years. These product reviews posted by social media users are read by thousands of people every day and they have become a source of influencing consumer buying behaviour. Organizations have started to use social media to sell their products and services after realizing the value of this medium. Social media is being used today to effectively market products and services and to attract a wide demographic of audience. This paper aims at identifying how different aspects of social media can impact consumer behavior. Social media has given rise to the online platforms like Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, Twitter, where people can connect with each other, share thoughts and the content. This revolution of social media has given new way of gaining the information on the products as well as on services. But undoubtedly Social media has given the power to the consumer where content is generated by them only through online conversations so consumers are the one who play an important role in making or breaking the brand. The marketers try to understand the utilization of Social media by the consumers and their deciding pattern on the basis of the content showed there that can change their decision process.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Social media, consumer behavior, online platforms, organisation.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The latest study shows a strong connection between dysfunctional neurological (CNS) function and the growing number of immunological diseases. The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, also known as (arthritis), a chronic inflammatory systemic immune-mediated illness based on synovitis and is unreliable. Apart from the physical damage to the joints, RA is also linked with psychiatric comorbidities such as anxiety, depression, and Schizophrenia which enhances the possibility of neurodegenerative illnesses. The two types of immunity are governed by local and central neurological systems, which are activated by antibody-producing cells and the immunological barriers compounds they secrete. Extended soreness caused by joint disorders such as rheumatism (arthritis), osteoarthritis (OA), and implant loosening after surgery (AL) is an extremely severe symptom that affects an individual's flexibility and standard of existence. It has been demonstrated that the initiation and development of chronic pain syndromes are significantly influenced by the neuroimmune interaction.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Arthritis , Inflammation, Multiple Sclerosis, Neuroimmune

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Fashion, a vibrant and powerful sector, is going through a radical transition towards sustainability, with recycling playing a key part. The fashion industry is a significant contributor to global environmental degradation, making sustainability a critical concern. This paper explores the principles of recycling, reusing, and reducing within the context of sustainable fashion. By examining current practices and innovations, the study highlights how these strategies can mitigate the negative environmental impact of the fashion industry. The research delves into the lifecycle of fashion products, analyzing methods to extend their usability and reduce waste. Case studies of brands successfully implementing sustainable practices are presented, offering insights into the benefits and challenges of adopting a circular fashion model. Additionally, consumer behavior and its role in promoting sustainability through mindful purchasing are discussed. The findings suggest that integrating recycle, reuse, and reduce practices can significantly transform the fashion industry, fostering a more sustainable future. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how these practices contribute to environmental conservation and encourage the adoption of sustainable fashion on a broader scale. Furthermore, the paper addresses the reduction aspect by evaluating approaches to minimize resource consumption and waste generation in fashion production and consumption. This includes advancements in sustainable materials, efficient production techniques, and the role of slow fashion in encouraging mindful consumer behavior. Through this exploration, the paper underscores the urgent need for a paradigm shift in how fashion is produced, consumed, and perceived, advocating for a collective effort towards sustainability that spans the entire value chain.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Recycle, Reduce, Reuse, consumer behavior, sustainability

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The article critically examines Digital Art work and Copyright, and sheds light on the potential and violation of Copyright in Digital Art through Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs). The progressive phenomenon of Digital Art in the online world has changed the market for fine art. The article provides deep insights into laws applicable to Digital Art and Copyright Protection in the perspective of Indian law. It analyses possibility of violation of Copyright in digital art and its reconstruction, as established in Google v Oracle and OpenBSD. The invention of NFT offers terms to combat the imminent problems facing the digital art world, such as preserving ownership, authenticity, and market value. The adoption of NFT generates legal and regulatory barriers for artists, particularly in India where cryptocurrency and blockchain regulation is in a nascent stage. Blockchain technology automates a secondary market without a centralized custodian or intermediary for payments, thus bringing in legal issues between creators and consumers. A detailed analysis of Indian Copyright law, case laws, and digital payment websites depicts the challenges of NFTs in India, required legal reforms, and details on how blockchain technologies can be used for Copyright purposes; and how education of artists is vital for better understanding. Indeed, it is imperative for India to define its legal regime to Digital Art and NFT with regard to the nature of ownership, Copyright, digital identification of authentic art, and the ambit of respective legal regimes.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Digital Art, Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), Copyright Law, Blockchain Technology, Digital Ownership

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Aloe vera is a medicinal plant heavily used in the pharmaceutical industry, especially in cosmetics. The aloe plant cultivated in Indonesia to supply this industry is Aloe chinensis Baker. This research aims to determine the effects of Aloe vera gel extract on the effectiveness of sunscreen lotion. The steps included Aloe vera gel extraction, flavonoid absorption test, sun protection factor (SPF) value measurement, pH test, viscosity test, homogeneity test, and organoleptic evaluation. The extract was added to the base sunscreen formulation at five different concentrations. UV-Vis spectrophotometry at 290 - 320 nm was performed on the preparations to determine their SPF values. The highest SPF value of 10.21 was found in the 20% Aloe vera gel extract preparation. This value falls within the national industrial standard for sunscreen SPF value range of 2 - 60. The research showed that a higher Aloe vera gel extract concentration increased the pH, with the most elevated pH at 7.0 for the preparation containing 20% Aloe gel vera extract. This value also falls within the national pH standard for sunscreen of 4.5 - 8.0. The higher concentration of Aloe vera gel extract also increased the dispersive amount of the sunscreen preparation, with the highest value of 5 cm resulting from a 20% Aloe vera gel extract addition. This research showed that the increased addition of Aloe vera gel extract resulted in higher SPF value.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Sunscreens, Aloe Vera, Coconut Oil, Vitamin E Capsule, SPF.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

“Bhartiya Sanskruti Aur Naitik Mulya: Vartaman Paripekshay Me Ghatte Naitik Mulya V Sanskar Ek adhyan "

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

“Bhartiya Sanskruti Aur Naitik Mulya: Vartaman Paripekshay Me Ghatte Naitik Mulya V Sanskar Ek adhyan "

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Anderson model for investigating the temperature dependence of volume expansion of some Nanomaterials viz. Zirconia, Ag, ZnO, NiO and Al compounds have been used by Kumar et.al to obtain results in an approximately fair agreement with the available experimental data. The model used by them is based on the assumption that the Anderson-Gruneisen parameter does not depend on temperature. It is found that the volume thermal experimental data for nanomaterials under study can be reproduced satisfactorily with the help of Liu at.al, which takes into account the temperature dependence of the Anderson-Gruneisen parameter.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Nanomaterials, volume thermal expansion, Anderson- Gruneisen Parameter, Isobaric equation of state.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) will be the next technological leap for urban mobility however the market penetration rate depends on several factors, including the major hurdle of limited EV charging stations. Equity is also an important factor - ensuring EV charging stations are widespread and available for all segments of the population. This paper outlines an innovative methodology to systematically determine the locations of EV charging stations while considering equity and efficiency to maximize accessibility and usage. The methodology has two levels. First, solving what is known as the Set Covering Location Problem (SCLP) by determining a threshold so that the distance (or travel time) between the consumer and the EV charging station will be less than or equal to a given value. This is a policy-based decision and provides a framework to ensure EV charging stations are ubiquitous and equitable. Second is solving the Maximum Covering Location Problem (MCLP) by considering a series of evaluation criteria to satisfy the demand of the early adopters. Following evaluation of the SCLP and MCLP, selected locations are aggregated by partitions to develop larger scale hubs. These hubs will not only include EV charging stations but will also function as connection points that integrate different modes of transportation. and policy supports in recent years, which leads to a larger demand of charging stations. Strategies about how to find the optimal location for charging facilities are urgently needed in order to further assist This paper describes application of GIS using Trans CAD software by combining SCLP and MCLP approaches to address both equity and efficiency.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords--electric vehicle, location, optimization, gis, charging stations, threshold

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Heart disease remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, necessitating effective predictive models for risk assessment and early intervention. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive comparative analysis of machine learning (ML) algorithms for predictive modeling of heart disease risk. Leveraging a diverse dataset of patient demographics, clinical attributes, and medical history, we explore the performance of various machine learning techniques, including logistic regression, decision trees, random forests, support vector machines, and neural networks. We evaluate the models based on metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) to assess their predictive capabilities. Additionally, we investigate the interpretability and computational efficiency of each algorithm to identify strengths and limitations. Our findings provide insights into the relative efficacy of different machine learning approaches for heart disease risk prediction, offering valuable guidance for healthcare practitioners and researchers in developing robust predictive models for cardiovascular risk assessment.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Heart disease, Machine learning (ML), medical history, decision trees, risk prediction

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition