Volume 12 | Issue 6

 Abstract

The street venders are one of the constituent pillars of the giant unorganized workforce. They will be situated the self-employed grouping conducive a important share to the cheap of respectively country. The street venders across the globe face many problems in the daily chores of their vending activities. The street venders are the visible workforce found everywhere selling goods and commodities at a cheaper price in the convenient locations to reach out to the consumers. Despite legal protection, issues against the street venders are reported in media. The present study is conducted to examine the socio-economic status, working conditions and problems of street garment venders in the Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh. The study is conducted at Chittoor district. Four fifty samples were drawn from the universe under simple random sampling method. The street garment venders in their everyday selling activities chance meeting in several problems. The street garment venders primarily have its place to the relegated uneducated groups. They frequently drift to the cities and municipalities due to scarcity and disappointment to get potential employment in the neighborhood. Once they migrate the issues of accommodation and adjustment creep in. They living in low-priced households with limited amenities around the selling zones. In approximately other cases, they be inherent in remote from the town restrictions and be contingent on the public transport organization. Being new to the migrated area the street venders are to adjust with local goondas and unlawful elements who exhort money from them. It is very hard for them to get loans from the Banks due to the procedure involved. Many street venders borrow money from money lenders and return the principal amount on a daily sales basis paying high interest rates. Afterward a long scuffle the "Street garment Venders social security measures are not provided to them. Transportation and storage are a big issue for street venders. Given that India is consistently perceived as a male-dominated culture, this is not surprising in the Indian context .One way ANOVA was applied to find whether there is significant difference among the Equal status of daily street venders in the society. The ANOVA result shows that the calculated F-value ratio is 60.352 which is higher than the table value at 1% level of significance. Since the calculated value is higher than for the table value it is inferred that there is significant difference among the equal status of vendor between different revenue divisions

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MAJOR PROBLEMS OF THE STREET GARMENT VENDERS IN CHITTOOR DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH

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Image forensic in one of the most important applications of Image processing using watermarking. Protection of images against tampering is considered as important applications in Image forensics. In the last few years, researchers have developed many techniques for detecting watermarks that containing check bits and reference bits. State of art techniques are used for detecting watermarks containing check bits and reference bits. Recovering the lost reference bits still hold as problem. This paper is aimed at showing the location of tampering region; image tampering can be identified and considered as erasure error. Therefore, a proper design of channel code has to be designed to protect the reference bits against tampering. In the present proposed approach, the watermark bit-budget is categorized into three groups: a) source encoder output bits; b) channel code parity bits; and c) check bits. In watermark embedding phase, initially, the original input image is source coded and the produced output bit stream is protected with the help of channel encoder. For image reconstruction and recovery, tampered locations are identified with the help of check bits to help channel decoder in order to recover the original source encoded input image. The watermarked image quality gain is achieved through spending less bit-budget on watermark, while image recovery quality is enhanced as a consequence of consistent performance of designed source and channel codes.

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 Keywords

Watermarking, Tampering, Self-recovery of digital images, check bits, SPIHT algorithm, RS codes, Fragile watermarking.

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Brain tumour segmentation is a widely explored area of research within both medical and engineering domains, particularly focusing on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) as the primary modality for detection. Computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) systems play a pivotal role in automating the detection and classification of brain tumours from MRI images. A crucial component of CADx systems is the segmentation module, responsible for precisely delineating tumour regions. Accurate segmentation, with sub-pixel precision, is essential for determining tumor size, and location, and facilitating image-guided surgical procedures. In recent years, numerous methods have emerged for segmenting brain tumours from MRI images. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of state-of-the-art segmentation methods, along with an overview of datasets commonly used for method development and the evaluation metrics employed. By offering a consolidated overview, this study serves as a valuable resource for novice researchers entering this field and provides updated information for researchers already engaged in brain tumour segmentation research.

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 Keywords

Brain tumour detection, Medical Image Analysis, Image segmentation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Deep learning, Convolutional Neural Networks

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ABSTRACT This study investigates the perceptions and barriers faced by users in adopting self-driven rent-a-bike services. Employing a mixed-methods approach, data were gathered through a combination of surveys and in-depth interviews with both current users and potential adopters. The analysis reveals that environmental benefits and economic savings are primary motivators driving interest in self-driven rent-a-bikes. However, significant barriers impede widespread adoption. Key concerns include safety issues related to bike quality and traffic conditions, limited availability of bikes during peak times, and challenges in navigating the rental process. Furthermore, inadequate infrastructure, such as insufficient bike lanes and docking stations, exacerbates these barriers. Lack of awareness and familiarity with the rental systems also deters potential users. To enhance user experience and boost adoption rates, the study recommends implementing comprehensive safety measures, expanding and strategically locating docking stations, and improving the user interface of rental applications. Additionally, targeted marketing campaigns and educational programs could raise awareness and build user confidence. This research provides critical insights for policymakers, service providers, and urban planners aiming to promote sustainable urban transportation solutions and increase the adoption of self-driven rent-a-bikes.

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perception, self-driven rent, environmental benefit.

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The project introduces an innovative "EduTalk Discussion Forum For Students," a web-based application created to manage group discussions effectively. Users can post queries or introduce topics, with system administration overseeing the entire process and maintaining a centralized database. This platform empowers participants to invite others, ask questions, and engage in meaningful dialogues. It is an invaluable tool for small offices, educational institutions, departments, or any group seeking to enhance communication and knowledge-sharing capabilities. Additionally, intermediate users are capable of responding, while registered users have the opportunity to post articles and share resources. This system facilitates seamless information exchange, providing real-time updates as fresh insights and content emerge.

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EduTalk Discussion Forum For Student, Web-based application, Group discussion, Knowledge-sharing, Share resources, Real-time updates.

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This paper explores the obstacles that people with disabilities (PwD) face in accessing restaurants in Bengaluru, India, leading to their physical exclusion. It evaluates the current facilities in restaurants from the perspective of PwD, focusing on mobility, circulation, and service access. Despite having the same motivations as other customers to visit restaurants, PwD encounters substantial challenges. The study emphasizes PwD's views on universal design and planning in Bengaluru's restaurants, promoting 'accessible tourism.' A quantitative analysis is conducted to assess the experiences of differently-abled guests regarding universal design and accessibility. The findings reveal that although accessibility is gaining attention in India, many restaurants have yet to adopt universal accessibility standards. The Ministry of Tourism, Government of India, has initiated efforts for barrier-free accessibility, but further improvements in restaurant design are recommended. This study highlights the importance of universal design and suggests a new model for inclusive restaurants, encouraging PwD to explore Bengaluru.

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Hospitality, Disability, Restaurant operation

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Meena Kandasamy is an Indian writer in English who produces works in context of women suppression, primarily focusing on Dalit feminism, caste annihilation and linguistic challenges in Indian society. She is a poet, translator and novelist who deals with women of affluent society and lower class women who suffer mental subjugation done by patriarchal men and societal dominance that was inherent through generations. Her work When I hit you, or a portrait of the writer as a young wife is one such work wherein she deals with an educated woman who tolerates her abusive marriage hoping to change one day. Her husband, who claims to be a devoted communist leader and revolutionist in society, barely cares for her and expects her to be a perfect housewife. He subjects her to mental torture, humiliate and manipulate in all ways in which she terribly endures his behavior. Meena Kandasamy's way of portraying the tormentation of narrator clearly showcases the mental turmoil that every woman undergoes in Indian household under inevitable circumstances and relatability that she discloses of every woman is part of this world where she is constantly put down to needs of men both emotionally and physically. In this work the subject of psychological submission makes the narrator dazed due to repeated squashing of her ideas, identity and honor in the name of marriage and how she finally breaks the shackles of mental enslavement by her husband. This paper explores the themes of psychological subjugation, humiliation and manipulation which resulted from conditional upbringing of women who think mental suppression is typical and shattering of conventional and disparaging attitudes of men is considered justifiable.

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 Keywords

Feminism, Subjugation, Humiliation, Suppression, Patriarchy

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 Abstract

??????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????, ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???????????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????????? ????, ??????? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????????? ???

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????, ????????, ????????, ??, ??????, ???????

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The Government of India's MGNREGA initiative, the largest programme in the world to eradicate poverty, aims to increase the livelihood security of rural poor people by offering 100 days of guaranteed wage employment per fiscal year to households whose adult members volunteer to perform unskilled manual labour with a third of jobs reserved for women. Since it promotes giving legal guarantees of equal pay for male and female workers, this act is also delicate for women. In this context, an effort has been made to gauge how the MGNREGA has affected the socioeconomic empowerment of rural women in Uttar Pradesh's Baghpat district's Binauli block. The study is based on initial information gathered from 120 women beneficiaries using a pre-tested organised routine and simple random sampling. A weighted average and multiple regression analysis were both used to analyse the data. According to the study, MGNREGA has a good effect on women's economic empowerment, but social empowerment is less notable due to a lack of knowledge about the act's provisions.

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Rural, MGNREGA, Women Empowerment, socio economic.

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Metabolomics is a new branch of "omics" that involves identifying and quantification of metabolites and chemical markers of various cellular administration methods biological species. Metabolome is the widespread collection of metabolites in a possible organism showing, measurement indicates genetic or environmental changes. Metabolomics playing important role for exploring genetic and environmental interactions, mutant identification, characterization, and drug discovery. The metabolites associated with various biological scientific pathways such as glycolysis, amino acid metabolism, and the Krebs cycle, etc. Advanced analytical tools, such as gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry (CE-MS), Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS), matrix -Assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI), ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) accelerate direct plant cell analysis. Additionally, Bioinformatics tools that have also played role in the development of plant metabolome database for the tracking of all metabolites that are used in physiology, development, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses in model and crop plants

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Metabolomics, Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography, Analytical Technique

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The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of Kapalbhati with different time duration on Vital Capacity, Peak Flow Rate and Anxiety among school girls. Another objective of the study was to improve Vital Capacity, Peak Flow Rate and Anxiety in school girls. Method:- To achieve the objective of this study 60 girls aged 15-18 years were randomly selected from Mount Carmel School, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad (UP). After that all the subjects were divided equally into four groups (three experimental groups and one control group). Subjects of three experimental groups were given Kapalabhati training program at different times for a period of 8 weeks and the control group was not given any kind of training. The selected variables to be compared were vital capacity, peak flow rate and Anxiety. To measure Vital Capacity among deferent groups, Dry-Spirometer was used, To measure Peak Flow Rate among deferent groups, Peak Flow Meter was used, To measure Anxiety among deferent groups, State- Trait Anxiety inventory was developed by Charles D., R.L. Gorsuch, R. Lushene, P. R. Vagg and G. A. Jacobs. Statistical Techniques:- ANCOVA was used to find out the effect of Kapalabhati with differernt time duration on Vital Capacity, Peak Flow Rate and Anxiety among school girls. The level of significance was set at 0.05 to test the hypothesis. Results And Discussion:- The results revealed that there were significant (p>.05) differences in the effect of Kapalabhati on vital capacity, peak flow rate and anxiety among school girls.

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Kapalbhati, Vital Capacity, Peak Flow Rate and Anxiety

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The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of factors such as Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Enjoyment, Convenience, Wider Choice, Price, and Health Aspects through Attitudes towards Online Purchasing Behavior from Shopee e-commerce application users during the covid-19 pandemic. The method used in the sampling is the non-probability sampling method, and snowball sampling, questionnaeres were also distributed to users of Shopee e-commerce application in Manado. The research currently being conducted is causal in nature using quantitative methods, which in data processing uses AMOS 22.0 software to assist in processing primary data. The benefit of this research is to add information and expand insight, especially in the field of management science regarding how these variables influence during the Covid-19 pandemic, and how they influence now or after the pandemic.

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Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Enjoyment, Convenience, Wider Choice, Price, Health Aspects, Attitudes, Online Buying Behavior

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Work of children is a difficult issue from numerous many years and a test for the majority emerging nations. It has existed throughout the long term not just in the ruined areas of emerging nations yet in addition in created nations until the start of the twentieth 100 years. Numerous nations have sanctioned different regulations and have showed serious drive to annihilate youngster work, yet still the issue is exceptionally boundless all through the world. The issue of youngster works shows up in serious structure and different elements are associated with it. The reasons for the frequency of youngster work in India are mind boggling and well established into the general public. Destitution is by all accounts the primary driver. Kid work can be tracked down in both metropolitan and provincial regions. Anyway by far most of kid work happens in provincial regions since neediness is more uncontrolled. Albeit numerous poor country families battle for a superior life in metropolitan regions, this pushes families to drive their youngsters to work to expand the family pay and guarantee endurance. This paper examination the different dependable elements for kid work and endeavors to figure out those areas where there is separation in kid work. What's more the goal of this paper is to make a basic examination of kid work in India. The discoveries uncover that youngster work was a serious evil for the non-industrial nation - India. Be that as it may, presently according to statistics report 2011, The absolute number of working kids in the nation has declined from 1.26 crore according to the registration 2001 to 43.53 lakh according to enumeration 2011 which shows 65% decrease.

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kid work, structures, factors, segregation, basic examination

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ABSTRACT Objectives: The Indian government introduced the "National Education Policy 2020" to improve the educational landscape. This paper compares the recommendations from the "National Policy on Education (1986)" and the "National Education Policy (2020)" on teacher education, identifying congruities and disparities between the two policies. Methodology: The study relies on data acquisition from both primary and secondary sources. Primary data are gleaned from the drafts of NPE-1986 and NEP-2020, while secondary data are sourced from diverse published and unpublished records, literature, periodicals, scholarly journals, and online repositories. This investigation adopts a qualitative approach. Results: The findings indicate that both NPE-1986 and NEP-2020 address teacher education, exhibiting similarities in domains such as the advancement of teacher education, the organizational framework of the education system, and the faculty structure of teacher education institutions, encompassing pre-service and in-service teacher education. Disparities emerge in elementary-level teacher education, multidisciplinary teacher education, the responsibilities vested in the National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE), faculty qualifications, and the cadre structure within the teacher education system. Conclusion: While parallels exist between NPE-1986 and NEP-2020, notable differences are also evident. While NPE-1986 has positively influenced teacher education, NEP-2020 is poised to similarly enhance the current state of affairs in teacher education. Consequently, NPE-1986 has entrusted the responsibility for the advancement of teacher education to NEP-2020.

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NPE-1986, NEP-2020, Teacher Education, Educational Policy Comparison.

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Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) is a congenital defect that affects the formation or segmentation of cervical spine, which is in the neck region of the spine. This condition can lead to various associated anomalies, meaning that individuals with Klippel-Feil syndrome may have additional abnormalities or differences in their body. The wide spectrum of these associated anomalies adds complexity to understanding genetic causes of the syndrome and poses challenges in managing patients with congenital vertebral fusion, where the vertebrae in neck are fused together. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the disease Klippel-Feil syndrome.

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Klippel-Feil syndrome, Cervical spine, Sprengel deformity

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This paper delves into the intricate relationship between identity and inclusion in today's diverse society. It begins by unravelling the multifaceted nature of identity, encompassing cultural background, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion, and socioeconomic status. Identity shapes individual perceptions and interactions, influencing experiences and relationships. The concept of inclusion is explored, emphasizing the creation of environments where all individuals feel valued, respected, and empowered to contribute fully. The paper discusses theoretical frameworks such as Social Identity Theory, Intersectionality Theory, and Multiculturalism to provide insights into understanding these dynamics. Challenges such as identity-based discrimination and exclusion are identified, along with opportunities for promoting inclusion and fostering diverse perspectives. Real-world examples from education, workplace dynamics, public policy, and social interactions illustrate initiatives and best practices for promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion. In conclusion, the paper underscores the importance of embracing diversity and fostering inclusion as moral imperatives and strategic necessities for building resilient communities. The main covering areas in this paper include understanding identity, fostering inclusion, theoretical frameworks, challenges and opportunities, and real-world examples.

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identity, inclusion, diversity, equity, societal dynamics

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Key words: Helicteres isora, Phenolic compounds, Vitamins, Spectrophotometer, Antioxidant.

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This study investigates the learning experiences of learners, acquiring French as a second language, emphasizing the methods of input, interaction, and the integration of technology. Through a comprehensive survey, this research examines the preferences, challenges, and strategies employed by learners in various environments (including formal classrooms and immersion settings). The findings reveal that structured input and spontaneous interaction are both critical to successful language acquisition. Formal classroom settings provide essential feedback and support, while immersion environments offer practical language use, highlighting the importance of a balanced approach. Technology significantly enhances accessibility and interaction, though it introduces challenges such as managing conflicting information and maintaining self-discipline. Learners report a range of strategies to overcome obstacles, including setting specific goals, utilizing diverse learning materials, and engaging in language communities. The study concludes that personal motivation and tailored learning approaches are paramount in navigating the complexities of second language acquisition. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of effective language learning practices and suggest avenues for future research on optimizing the balance between input and interaction in various learning environments.

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Second language acquisition, language learning strategies, input and interaction, formal classroom settings, immersion environments, technology in language learning, learner motivation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The dynamic and competitive nature of today's business environment necessitates organizations to leverage all available resources effectively, including human resources. Human Resources (HR) have long been acknowledged as a crucial asset to any organization, yet quantifying their value remains a complex challenge. It is a financial analysis, and during the past ten years, an enormous amount of literature has been stated outlining numerous evaluation processes. Academicians have given the theory and basic concepts of accounting measurement a great deal of consideration at the same time, and a sizable body of literature has resulted from this. Traditional accounting practices do not consider human resources to be tangible or monetary assets. This research paper is an attempt to review the comprehensive literature on human resource accounting practices during the period of five years from 2019-20 to 2023-24. The study is descriptive and exploratory in nature. The secondary data was used for the study which was collected from various sources, online databases, journals, websites, books, newspapers, and magazines, etc.

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Literature review, HRA practices, human resource accounting

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The aim of education is to develop the overall personality of the students. For achieving this aim, it is required that educationist must be aware about the problems which faced by the students and also help them to solve it. Students face more problems at the stage of adolescence as it is a shifting period from childhood to adulthood. There are various reasons that are accountable for facing the problems at this stage. The present paper highlights the contribution of educational psychology in solving the problems among adolescents. It is one of the applied field of psychology which helps to deal with the adolescents in more effective manner. It is a boon for parents, teachers, counsellors, educators as well as administrators to use it, solving adolescents' issues and help them to develop a healthy personality of adolescents.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Educational Psychology, Boon and Adolescents

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition