Volume 12 | Issue 6

 Abstract

The project, "Animal Species Detection using Convolutional Neural Network," aims to create a sophisticated system for identifying and classifying animal species from both static images and live video streams. Utilizing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and the YOLO v8 object detection algorithm, the system promises accurate, real-time animal detection and recognition. Inputs from various sources will yield outputs with bounding boxes, species names, and corresponding audio tracks. Developed with the Streamlit framework for an interactive front end, the project will leverage the Roboflow platform for data set curation, model training, and deployment. Notifications via Telegram will provide real-time detection updates, and the front end will offer detailed information on each detected species. This project is poised to significantly advance animal conservation, wildlife monitoring, and environmental research by offering an efficient and accurate tool for animal species detection and identification.

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 Keywords

CNN, YOLO, Roboflow

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Employee attrition and retention has been one of the major issues of the IT industry in Coimbatore. The issue of employee Attrition and retention remains a significant concern within the IT industry in Coimbatore. This research primarily aims to identify and examine the factors to employee turnover and retention within IT companies in Coimbatore. Data was gathered through a questionnaire to analyze factors such as personal attributes of employees, opinions on factors influencing turnover, and retention strategies implemented in terms of service and working conditions, as well as welfare measures. Currently, the Information Technology sector is grappling with the challenge of recruiting and retaining skilled individuals while also addressing talent loss due to turnover. One of the most pressing challenges faced by employers, particularly in the Information Technology field in the 21st century, is the high rate of employee turnover leading to a manpower shortage amidst a growing demand for skilled professionals. This dynamic often poses numerous challenges for employers in the industry while also presenting opportunities and benefits to employees through effective retention strategies. (Source: Vibha Gupta, 2013, Nargundkar and Rajendra, 2003).

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 Keywords

Retention, HR practices, employee attrition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Today, social media is one of the most popular and widely utilized forms of communication. People currently utilize social media to interact with one another all around the world. People have been using social media to discuss their experiences in recent years. These product reviews posted by social media users are read by thousands of people every day and they have become a source of influencing consumer buying behaviour. Organizations have started to use social media to sell their products and services after realizing the value of this medium. Social media is being used today to effectively market products and services and to attract a wide demographic of audience. This paper aims at identifying how different aspects of social media can impact consumer behavior. Social media has given rise to the online platforms like Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, Twitter, where people can connect with each other, share thoughts and the content. This revolution of social media has given new way of gaining the information on the products as well as on services. But undoubtedly Social media has given the power to the consumer where content is generated by them only through online conversations so consumers are the one who play an important role in making or breaking the brand. The marketers try to understand the utilization of Social media by the consumers and their deciding pattern on the basis of the content showed there that can change their decision process.

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 Keywords

Social media, consumer behavior, online platforms, organisation.

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 Abstract

The latest study shows a strong connection between dysfunctional neurological (CNS) function and the growing number of immunological diseases. The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, also known as (arthritis), a chronic inflammatory systemic immune-mediated illness based on synovitis and is unreliable. Apart from the physical damage to the joints, RA is also linked with psychiatric comorbidities such as anxiety, depression, and Schizophrenia which enhances the possibility of neurodegenerative illnesses. The two types of immunity are governed by local and central neurological systems, which are activated by antibody-producing cells and the immunological barriers compounds they secrete. Extended soreness caused by joint disorders such as rheumatism (arthritis), osteoarthritis (OA), and implant loosening after surgery (AL) is an extremely severe symptom that affects an individual's flexibility and standard of existence. It has been demonstrated that the initiation and development of chronic pain syndromes are significantly influenced by the neuroimmune interaction.

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 Keywords

Arthritis , Inflammation, Multiple Sclerosis, Neuroimmune

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Fashion, a vibrant and powerful sector, is going through a radical transition towards sustainability, with recycling playing a key part. The fashion industry is a significant contributor to global environmental degradation, making sustainability a critical concern. This paper explores the principles of recycling, reusing, and reducing within the context of sustainable fashion. By examining current practices and innovations, the study highlights how these strategies can mitigate the negative environmental impact of the fashion industry. The research delves into the lifecycle of fashion products, analyzing methods to extend their usability and reduce waste. Case studies of brands successfully implementing sustainable practices are presented, offering insights into the benefits and challenges of adopting a circular fashion model. Additionally, consumer behavior and its role in promoting sustainability through mindful purchasing are discussed. The findings suggest that integrating recycle, reuse, and reduce practices can significantly transform the fashion industry, fostering a more sustainable future. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how these practices contribute to environmental conservation and encourage the adoption of sustainable fashion on a broader scale. Furthermore, the paper addresses the reduction aspect by evaluating approaches to minimize resource consumption and waste generation in fashion production and consumption. This includes advancements in sustainable materials, efficient production techniques, and the role of slow fashion in encouraging mindful consumer behavior. Through this exploration, the paper underscores the urgent need for a paradigm shift in how fashion is produced, consumed, and perceived, advocating for a collective effort towards sustainability that spans the entire value chain.

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Recycle, Reduce, Reuse, consumer behavior, sustainability

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 Abstract

The article critically examines Digital Art work and Copyright, and sheds light on the potential and violation of Copyright in Digital Art through Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs). The progressive phenomenon of Digital Art in the online world has changed the market for fine art. The article provides deep insights into laws applicable to Digital Art and Copyright Protection in the perspective of Indian law. It analyses possibility of violation of Copyright in digital art and its reconstruction, as established in Google v Oracle and OpenBSD. The invention of NFT offers terms to combat the imminent problems facing the digital art world, such as preserving ownership, authenticity, and market value. The adoption of NFT generates legal and regulatory barriers for artists, particularly in India where cryptocurrency and blockchain regulation is in a nascent stage. Blockchain technology automates a secondary market without a centralized custodian or intermediary for payments, thus bringing in legal issues between creators and consumers. A detailed analysis of Indian Copyright law, case laws, and digital payment websites depicts the challenges of NFTs in India, required legal reforms, and details on how blockchain technologies can be used for Copyright purposes; and how education of artists is vital for better understanding. Indeed, it is imperative for India to define its legal regime to Digital Art and NFT with regard to the nature of ownership, Copyright, digital identification of authentic art, and the ambit of respective legal regimes.

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Digital Art, Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), Copyright Law, Blockchain Technology, Digital Ownership

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Aloe vera is a medicinal plant heavily used in the pharmaceutical industry, especially in cosmetics. The aloe plant cultivated in Indonesia to supply this industry is Aloe chinensis Baker. This research aims to determine the effects of Aloe vera gel extract on the effectiveness of sunscreen lotion. The steps included Aloe vera gel extraction, flavonoid absorption test, sun protection factor (SPF) value measurement, pH test, viscosity test, homogeneity test, and organoleptic evaluation. The extract was added to the base sunscreen formulation at five different concentrations. UV-Vis spectrophotometry at 290 - 320 nm was performed on the preparations to determine their SPF values. The highest SPF value of 10.21 was found in the 20% Aloe vera gel extract preparation. This value falls within the national industrial standard for sunscreen SPF value range of 2 - 60. The research showed that a higher Aloe vera gel extract concentration increased the pH, with the most elevated pH at 7.0 for the preparation containing 20% Aloe gel vera extract. This value also falls within the national pH standard for sunscreen of 4.5 - 8.0. The higher concentration of Aloe vera gel extract also increased the dispersive amount of the sunscreen preparation, with the highest value of 5 cm resulting from a 20% Aloe vera gel extract addition. This research showed that the increased addition of Aloe vera gel extract resulted in higher SPF value.

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Sunscreens, Aloe Vera, Coconut Oil, Vitamin E Capsule, SPF.

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 Abstract

“Bhartiya Sanskruti Aur Naitik Mulya: Vartaman Paripekshay Me Ghatte Naitik Mulya V Sanskar Ek adhyan "

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“Bhartiya Sanskruti Aur Naitik Mulya: Vartaman Paripekshay Me Ghatte Naitik Mulya V Sanskar Ek adhyan "

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 Abstract

The Anderson model for investigating the temperature dependence of volume expansion of some Nanomaterials viz. Zirconia, Ag, ZnO, NiO and Al compounds have been used by Kumar et.al to obtain results in an approximately fair agreement with the available experimental data. The model used by them is based on the assumption that the Anderson-Gruneisen parameter does not depend on temperature. It is found that the volume thermal experimental data for nanomaterials under study can be reproduced satisfactorily with the help of Liu at.al, which takes into account the temperature dependence of the Anderson-Gruneisen parameter.

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 Keywords

Nanomaterials, volume thermal expansion, Anderson- Gruneisen Parameter, Isobaric equation of state.

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 Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) will be the next technological leap for urban mobility however the market penetration rate depends on several factors, including the major hurdle of limited EV charging stations. Equity is also an important factor - ensuring EV charging stations are widespread and available for all segments of the population. This paper outlines an innovative methodology to systematically determine the locations of EV charging stations while considering equity and efficiency to maximize accessibility and usage. The methodology has two levels. First, solving what is known as the Set Covering Location Problem (SCLP) by determining a threshold so that the distance (or travel time) between the consumer and the EV charging station will be less than or equal to a given value. This is a policy-based decision and provides a framework to ensure EV charging stations are ubiquitous and equitable. Second is solving the Maximum Covering Location Problem (MCLP) by considering a series of evaluation criteria to satisfy the demand of the early adopters. Following evaluation of the SCLP and MCLP, selected locations are aggregated by partitions to develop larger scale hubs. These hubs will not only include EV charging stations but will also function as connection points that integrate different modes of transportation. and policy supports in recent years, which leads to a larger demand of charging stations. Strategies about how to find the optimal location for charging facilities are urgently needed in order to further assist This paper describes application of GIS using Trans CAD software by combining SCLP and MCLP approaches to address both equity and efficiency.

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 Keywords

Keywords--electric vehicle, location, optimization, gis, charging stations, threshold

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Heart disease remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, necessitating effective predictive models for risk assessment and early intervention. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive comparative analysis of machine learning (ML) algorithms for predictive modeling of heart disease risk. Leveraging a diverse dataset of patient demographics, clinical attributes, and medical history, we explore the performance of various machine learning techniques, including logistic regression, decision trees, random forests, support vector machines, and neural networks. We evaluate the models based on metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) to assess their predictive capabilities. Additionally, we investigate the interpretability and computational efficiency of each algorithm to identify strengths and limitations. Our findings provide insights into the relative efficacy of different machine learning approaches for heart disease risk prediction, offering valuable guidance for healthcare practitioners and researchers in developing robust predictive models for cardiovascular risk assessment.

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Heart disease, Machine learning (ML), medical history, decision trees, risk prediction

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 Abstract

Both Aceclofenac and Paracetamol are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The primary goal is to evaluate four distinct brands of Aceclofenac and Paracetamol tablets that are sold in Indian public pharmacies. Although generic medications share the same active components, variations in formulation methods and excipients have been shown to affect their quality and effectiveness. According to research, cyclooxygenase (COX) is inhibited by Aceclofenac and Paracetamol, which results in a decrease in pain perception or the transmission of neuropathic pain. A few testing techniques (drug assay, disintegration, weight variation, and friability tests) are employed for quality control.

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Aceclofenac, Paracetamol, tablet, Dissolution, Disintegration, Branded, and Generic.

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 Abstract

Recently, there have been many exploration endeavors meaning to comprehend counterfeit news wonders and to recognize regular examples and highlights of fake news. However, the genuine separating force of these highlights is as yet unclear: some are more broad, yet others perform well just with explicit information. In this survey work, we direct an exceptionally exploratory examination that created countless models from a huge and various arrangement of highlights. These models are unprejudiced as in their highlights are arbitrarily browsed the pool of accessible highlights. While by far most of models are incapable, we had the option to create various models that yield profoundly exact choices, in this manner successfully isolating fake news from genuine stories. In particular, we zeroed in our examination on models that position a haphazardly picked counterfeit report higher than an arbitrarily picked truth with more than 0.85 likelihood. For these models we tracked down a solid connection among highlights and model expectations, showing that a few highlights are plainly custom fitted for identifying particular sorts of fake news, accordingly confirming that various mixes of highlights cover a particular locale of the fake news space. At last, we present a clarification of variables adding to show choices, along these lines advancing community thinking by supplementing our capacity to assess computerized content and arrive at justified resolutions.

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genuine, Fake News, models, highlights.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Sign language is one of the oldest and most natural form of language for communication, hence we have come up with a real time method using neural networks for finger spelling based American sign language. Automatic human gesture recognition from camera images is an interesting topic for developing vision. We propose a convolution neural network (CNN) method to recognize hand gestures of human actions from an image captured by camera. The purpose is to recognize hand gestures of human task activities from a camera image. The position of hand and orientation are applied to obtain the training and testing data for the CNN. The hand is first passed through a filter and after the filter is applied where the hand is passed through a classifier which predicts the class of the hand gestures. Then the calibrated images are used to train CNN.

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 Keywords

American Sign Language, Hand Gesture Recognition, Machine learning, Deep Learning, Hand detection, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Computer Vision.

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 Abstract

Moringa Oleifera commonly called drumstick seeds is usually used as a vegetable as well as for medicinal purposes. M. oleifera is found to have numerous benefits and the present study was carried out to determine the antimicrobial potential and shelf life of raw (RMO), germinated (GMO) and fermented (FMO) M. oleifera seeds. The study also discusses the benefits and methods of incorporating the samples into food products. The results were found to be positive thus concluding that Moringa vinifera seeds when processed exhibit high antimicrobial value. Processed seeds have an expected shelf life and are accepted when incorporated into food items. With its high nutritive values is suitable for either nutritional or medicinal purposes. Studies have also proved that fortifying staple foods with processed moringa seeds could enhance the flavour and texture; moreover, the nutrition quality is increased. Thus, incorporating the foods with moringa seed powder can prevent malnutrition.

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Moringa oleifera, Germinated, Fermented, Sensory Evaluation, antimicrobial, Shelf life

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 Abstract

This study conducts a comparative design analysis of hot rolled and cold formed steel trusses, focusing solely on structural performance considerations. Understanding the design nuances between these two truss types is crucial for optimizing structural efficiency and reliability in construction projects. The study begins by delineating the distinct design methodologies applicable to hot rolled and cold formed steel trusses, highlighting key differences in material properties, manufacturing processes, and structural behavior. Through analytical modeling and computational simulations, the structural performance of truss systems is rigorously evaluated under various loading scenarios. Critical design parameters such as member sizes, span lengths, and overall geometry are scrutinized to ascertain their impact on structural strength, stiffness, and stability. By examining these factors comprehensively, the study aims to identify optimal design configurations for hot rolled and cold formed steel trusses, thereby enhancing their structural efficiency and effectiveness. The findings of this research provide valuable insights into the design considerations inherent to hot rolled and cold formed steel trusses, enabling engineers and designers to make informed decisions regarding the selection and optimization of truss systems in construction projects. By focusing solely on structural performance, this study contributes to the advancement of efficient and reliable structural designs utilizing steel trusses. The sections are selected based on the moment capacity and effective span of the sections by software STAAD.Pro. The analytical results are compared according to Indian and European Standards.

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 Keywords

truss, cold formed, hot rolled, IS800, EN1993-1-1:2005, IS801

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

A pre-nuptial agreement is one of the legal agreements that every Indian marriage must have, and it should be made mandatory. Protecting one's rights prior to marriage is one of the most powerful tools at a couple's disposal to prevent the terrible effects of marriage, such as divorce, domestic abuse, rape, and dowry. As we've already seen, the majority of western countries, particularly those in Europe, have relatively common and basic pre-nuptial agreements. That is uncommon, though, and not many people in India are aware of it. Wealthy and capitalist families frequently experience it. Marital parties believe that a prearranged agreement covers any unintended obstacles that may arise and lowers their likelihood of experiencing problems in their marriage. Pre-nuptial agreements must be recognised to have little that goes against Indian culture or public policy, and it is in the public interest to grant these "need of the time" agreements legal effect. In India, prenuptial agreements are not as common, although they do have benefits. In instances where severance and division, a prenuptial declaration saves both parties from having to fight through court proceedings, deal with irksome additions or flaws, or fight for payment as provision or paying a higher sum as divorce settlement. In this situation, the prenuptial agreement is not only a more effective tool but also easier to carry out. Marital laws support female partners in the majority of maintenance cases, which in turn protects the financial standing of the male partners. Moreover, the female partner in life will ultimately be held accountable in the end. However, because of a prenuptial agreement, the financial obligations are pre-arranged, preventing bias on the part of either party at the time of separation. Prenuptial agreements provide financial transparency, allowing both partners to be aware of one other's financial situation. There is no possibility for any kind of deception to result from this. The researcher has started the current investigation to find out if individuals are prepared and willing to accept this unfamiliar idea of live-in relationships. To do this, it is necessary to assess the people's awareness level. Since the researcher lives in Nagpur, the same has been selected to gather replies. The researcher used interviewing techniques to obtain primary data. A set of pertinent questions was prepared and distributed to the participants via Google Mail and in-person meetings. In this study, responses that have been recorded have been examined and evaluated. Research has incorporated the set of questions posed and documented answers. The majority of them support legalisation, according to the empirical survey, on the whole. Furthermore, children from cohabiting couples should be considered the legal offspring of their biological parents and have the same rights to inheritance or succession. Additionally, they need to be entitled to maintenance from their biological parents. However, conservative viewpoints oppose cohabitation because they believe it will undermine the fundamental principles of marriage. The majority of people believe that in order to define the rights and responsibilities of each partner, whether they are married or not, the prenuptial agreement should be written for both types of relationships. The world of today is not identical as the world of just a few years ago. Everything changes as time goes on, and people mature as well. It is absolutely necessary for everyone to have a fundamental comprehension of concepts like marriage, friendship, sexuality, and companionship in order to discuss the state of the community today. They should also have a thorough understanding of both the history and the present state of the world. given that the present is a product of the past.

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Prenuptial agreement, Live-in relationship.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research paper presents the formulation and characterization of a novel herbal toner utilizing natural extracts and ingredients known for their skin benefits. The formulation integrates witch hazel extract, cucumber extract, papaya extract, aloe vera extract, menthol crystals, rose water, disodium EDTA, propylene glycol, and honey to create a synergistic blend targeting various skin types and concerns. The selection of ingredients was based on their individual properties, including antioxidant, astringent, moisturizing, and smoothing effects. The toner was developed through a series of experiments to optimize ingredient concentrations and ensure stability and efficacy. Characterization studies, including pH measurement, viscosity analysis, and stability testing, were conducted to evaluate the quality and performance of the formulation. .The results demonstrate that the formulated herbal toner exhibits desirable characteristics, including a balanced pH, suitable for application, and good stability over time. Furthermore, the toner demonstrates compatibility with various skin types, offering potential benefits such as hydration, toning, and revitalization. Overall, this research contributes to the development of natural and effective skincare products, highlighting the potential of herbal formulations in promoting skin health and beauty. They are often used to remove traces of makeup and dirt, leaving the skin feeling rejuvenated. The result highlighted a promising formulation with notable skin friendly attributes, suggesting its potential as a natural alternative in the skin care industry.

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Herbal Toner, witch hazel, characteristics, evaluation, rejuvenated.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract -- Determining the crucial aspects that impact crop output or plant development is made possible by the identification of plant diseases, making this a significant area of research. According to recent studies, 14.1% of plants perish from plant disease. It's a significant issue that could affect people's health as well. The greatest number of plants can be utilised to create medications. This implies that it's critical to identify plant illnesses early on. This publication offers a helpful method for identifying illnesses in various plant species. Other from tomatoes. A wide range of plant species, including sugarcane, potatoes, apples, grapes, and maize, are recognised and detectable by the system. With camera-captured images serving as the basis, plant disease detection and treatment are now possible because to deep learning's recent advancements in computer vision.

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Plant disease, CNN (Convolutional Neural Network), VGG16, Resnet34, Flask

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The success of any prosthesis depends on how well the surrounding tissues respond and accept it. For complete denture prostheses, combining prototyping and CAD/CAM technology with laser technology has proven effective. Rapid prototyping creates physical replicas from CAD data, functioning like a 3D copier, allowing for precise prosthesis fitting. CAD/CAM and laser technologies are used to create metallic denture bases layer by layer. In severe cases, pre-prosthetic surgery may be recommended to enhance prosthesis performance. Lasers are effective in treating resorbed ridges, hyperplastic tissues, and other conditions, especially in managing alveolar ridge resorption, which progresses with age and is more rapid in women. Alveolar ridge resorption is influenced by systemic, hormonal factors, and oral hygiene habits, leading to bone shrinkage and flattened ridge platforms.

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Lasers, Alveoloplasty, Vestibuloplasty, Frenectomy, Papillary Hyperplasia, Tuberosity reduction, Tori, Laser welding

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