Volume 13 | Issue 6

 Abstract

The aim of this paper is to introduce a new type of maps called Fuzzy wgr?-irresolute maps,strongly Fuzzy wgr?-continuous maps and study some of these properties

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Fuzzy wgr?-closed-sets,Fuzzy wgr?-open-sets, Fuzzy wgr?-continuous-maps,Fuzzy wgr?-irresolute maps,stronglyFuzzy wgr?-continuous maps.

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The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed the e-commerce sector by enhancing operational efficiency, improving consumer engagement, and enabling data-driven decision-making. In this context, the present study titled *"A Study on Artificial Intelligence Applications in E-Commerce in Karnataka"* examines the role and impact of AI adoption on various aspects of e-commerce performance, with a special focus on consumer perceptions and city-wise differences. The major objective of the study is to analyze how AI applications influence operational efficiency, consumer experience, and sustainability practices in the state's e-commerce sector. The research employed a descriptive methodology, collecting primary data from 250 respondents across five cities in Karnataka (Mysore, Bangalore, Mangalore, Hassan, and Mandya) using a structured questionnaire on a five-point Likert scale. Descriptive statistics, regression analysis, and ANOVA were applied to test the hypotheses. The findings revealed that AI adoption significantly enhances efficiency (? = 0.42, p < 0.000), consumer experience (? = 0.48, p < 0.000), and sustainability (? = 0.21, p = 0.032). Further, ANOVA results indicated notable city-wise differences in adoption and satisfaction, with urban centers reporting higher acceptance and trust. The study concludes that while AI-driven personalization and recommendations strengthen consumer satisfaction, concerns regarding data security remain critical. The research holds importance as it provides actionable insights for businesses and policymakers while highlighting the scope for future research on generative AI and emerging e-commerce models.

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Artificial Intelligence, E-commerce, Consumer Experience, Operational Efficiency, Karnataka

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The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education has emerged as a transformative approach to enhance assessment accuracy, efficiency, and student learning outcomes. This study investigates the impact of AI on educational assessments in Karnataka, addressing the growing need to understand its effectiveness, adoption, and associated challenges within local academic institutions. The research aims to examine students' and educators' perceptions of AI-driven assessment tools, identify regional and demographic variations in acceptance, and explore ethical considerations influencing implementation. A descriptive research design was adopted, with primary data collected through a structured questionnaire administered to 150 respondents from Mysore, Bangalore, and Hassan. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and regression analysis to identify trends, differences, and relationships between demographic factors and AI perceptions. The findings indicate that AI significantly improves assessment accuracy, reduces evaluation time, and positively influences learning outcomes, while ethical concerns and regional disparities affect adoption levels. Income and city of residence were found to significantly shape respondents' perceptions, and the null hypothesis of no significant impact of AI was rejected. The study highlights the relevance of AI in contemporary education and provides insights for institutions to implement ethical, context-sensitive, and effective AI-based assessment practices.

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Artificial Intelligence, Educational Assessment, Karnataka, Learning Outcomes, Ethical Challenges

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Evaluation of Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay's "Philosophical Thoughts - Fourth Purushartha"

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Evaluation of Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay's "Philosophical Thoughts - Fourth Purushartha"

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The purpose of the paper is to delve into the transformative role of artificial intelligence in accounting and finance. The integration of AI in accounting has altered the generation, recording and processing of data into efficient accurate way in a much shorter time frame. The paper reviews the existing literature in order to assess the implications of AI on finance sector. It further analyses the skillset required by finance professionals to work in conjunction with AI. Findings have highlighted the challenges and opportunities presented by advancements and developments in the technology. Various AI tools have been found to play pivotal role in shaping the contours of accounting and finance sector. Further research avenues have also been proposed in the current review.

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Artificial intelligence, accounting and finance, automation, literature review.

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Socio-cultural is a term used to define social and cultural factors which signify common traditions, beliefs and habits in a population group. Socio-cultural practices involve various forms, such as worship rites, birth, wedding and funeral rituals, traditional legal systems, etc. Additionally, there is an existence of cultural practices regarding menstruation in Indian society. Menstruation is always associated with myths and taboos, like avoiding entering the temple, not attending religious gatherings, not touching males and plants, and the like. These cultural practices hamper women's mental as well as emotional states. These socio- cultural norms regarding menstruation are more myths and less of facts, and the practices are traditionally growing with society. Women are deprived of various opportunities during menstruation and are not treated equally in society as men. That is why menstruation is unwelcome by a majority of women. Media is the most powerful entity in the world, and it can reach a broader audience through its various types such as Print Media like newspapers and magazines, Electronic Media like Television and radio, and New Media like the internet and social media. Therefore, there is no better alternative than the media to raise awareness regarding menstrual hygiene and break the myths and taboos about menstruation as much as possible. "World Menstrual Hygiene Day" is celebrated every year on 28th May worldwide to raise awareness regarding menstruation and provides safe hygiene practices to wipe out the social stigma and burst the bubble of myths and taboos in society. This paper intends to identify the extent of the roles played by different types of media to create awareness regarding menstruation and female hygiene practices during the menstruation cycle.

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Menstruation, menstruation myths, an overview of various media regarding menstruation.

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The hospitality industry's ongoing digital transformation is driving the rapid adoption of complex, multi-vendor technology ecosystems. This increasing reliance on diverse third-party systems introduces significant security, integration, and compliance challenges. Traditional DevOps practices often fall short in managing the security risks associated with these heterogeneous environments. This review proposes and evaluates a tailored DevSecOps framework specifically designed for multi-vendor hospitality technology ecosystems. Drawing on over a decade of research, case studies, and recent innovations, the paper outlines a theoretical model, experimental validation, and comparative performance metrics. Key improvements observed include faster vulnerability detection, reduced compliance violations, and enhanced operational resilience. The review concludes by identifying future research directions that focus on AI-driven security automation, policy standardization across vendors, and industry-wide collaboration. These contributions aim to guide researchers and practitioners in securing digital hospitality infrastructures through adaptive and scalable DevSecOps practices.

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DevSecOps; Multi-Vendor Ecosystems; Hospitality Technology; Cybersecurity; Security Automation; CI/CD; Compliance; Threat Intelligence; Digital Transformation; Software Security.

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As clinical trials continue to expand in complexity, scale, and digital transformation, the role of data management Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) has become more crucial than ever. SOPs serve as the backbone of trial conduct, ensuring consistent data processes, regulatory compliance, and high-quality outputs across diverse trial settings. This review presents a comprehensive synthesis of literature related to SOP development, highlights frameworks and experimental findings, and proposes a theoretical model for SOP standardization. Key performance data indicates that harmonized SOPs significantly enhance data integrity, protocol adherence, and audit readiness. Additionally, we explore how technological advancements--especially artificial intelligence and decentralized trials--are reshaping SOP paradigms. By critically evaluating current practices and emerging trends, this article provides practical and strategic insights into the future of SOPs in clinical trial data management.

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Clinical Trials; Data Management; Standard Operating Procedures; Regulatory Compliance; SOP Standardization; Clinical Trial Efficiency; Quality Management; Decentralized Trials; Artificial Intelligence in Trials

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The rapid adoption of cloud computing has transformed enterprise IT, but it has also introduced complex security challenges that traditional perimeter-based models cannot adequately address. Zero Trust Security Models (ZTSM) have emerged as a robust framework to mitigate these risks by enforcing the principle of "never trust, always verify." This review examines the foundational principles, architectural components, and practical implementations of Zero Trust in cloud environments. It explores how identity-centric access controls, microsegmentation, and continuous monitoring fortify cloud applications against modern threats. Additionally, the paper analyzes the role of major cloud providers in enabling Zero Trust and reviews real-world case studies from regulated sectors such as finance and healthcare. Emerging trends such as AI-driven trust assessments and decentralized identities are also discussed. The paper concludes by highlighting the challenges and future research directions critical for advancing Zero Trust adoption in scalable, multi-cloud ecosystems..

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Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA), Cloud Security, Identity and Access Management (IAM), Microsegmentation, Continuous Monitoring, Multi-Cloud Security

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The rapid digitization of financial services has transformed retail banking into a predominantly mobile and data-centric experience. As consumer expectations evolve and competition from FinTech intensifies, retail banks are under mounting pressure to enhance customer experience while simultaneously improving operational efficiency. This review proposes a novel framework--the Intelligent Retail Banking Ecosystem (IRBE)--that unites front-end personalization with back-end process automation. Drawing upon insights from more than thirty academic and industry sources, this paper critically evaluates existing models such as UTAUT, SERVQUAL, and task-technology fit, highlighting their limitations in addressing the dual priorities of user engagement and institutional optimization. The IRBE framework leverages real-time behavioral analytics, AI-powered automation, and open API infrastructure to create adaptive, personalized, and efficient digital banking ecosystems. Through comparative analysis and practical case studies (e.g., ING, DBS, JPMorgan Chase), this review demonstrates the IRBE model's superior predictive performance in areas like user retention, transactional accuracy, and cross-sell optimization. The study also discusses implications for industry practitioners and policymakers, advocating for supportive regulation, ethical AI use, and inclusive digital access. Ultimately, this research provides a forward-looking theoretical foundation for future academic inquiries and practical innovations in digital banking, positioning IRBE as a transformative tool for intelligent financial service delivery.

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Retail banking applications; customer experience; operational efficiency; financial technology (FinTech); digital transformation; behavioral analytics; artificial intelligence (AI); service-dominant logic; intelligent ecosystems; open banking; IRBE model; personalization; automation.

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This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of automation strategies used in managing product data and generating sales quotations, with a focus on developments over the past decade. The study explores the integration of technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), robotic process automation (RPA), and natural language processing (NLP) into Configure-Price-Quote (CPQ) systems. A theoretical model is proposed and validated through experimental data from recent case studies, highlighting significant improvements in quotation cycle time, accuracy, and customer satisfaction. The review also identifies current research gaps and outlines future directions in areas such as contextual AI, federated learning, explainability, and IoT integration. Overall, this paper underscores the transformative potential of intelligent automation in redefining how businesses handle product data and quotation workflows in real time.

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Automation, Sales Quotation, Product Data Management, CPQ, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, NLP, Robotic Process Automation, Digital Transformation, Enterprise Systems

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Mathematics and philosophy have a complex relationship, with both seeking to examine and resolve the essence of reality through logic, reasoning, and abstract thought. Mathematics offers a universal language for modelling the physical world, quantifying infinities, and exploring theoretical possibilities, whereas philosophy investigates the underlying assumptions, implications, and interpretations of these mathematical structures. Philosophy provides the conceptual frameworks for abstract reasoning. Together, these disciplines have moulded major areas like as metaphysics, epistemology, logic and ethics, and have had a significant impact on the evolution of human thought and understanding of the world. This paper investigates the linked roles of mathematics and philosophy, tracing their historical roots, assessing their contributions to diverse philosophical fields and highlighting their continuing impact in the contemporary era.

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Mathematics, Philosophy, Logic, Infinity, Reality, Epistemology, Ontology, Godel, Paradoxes, Axioms, Non-Euclidean Geometry, Set Theory, Cosmology, Artificial Intelligence, Abstract Thought

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The Paper a systematic approach to using Power BI for retail store sales analysis, emphasizing the importance of data visualization in understanding sales performance, trends, and customer preferences. It includes insights on monthly sales trends, highlighting fluctuations and peaks in certain months, which aids in forecasting and inventory planning. The sales breakdown by retailer reveals varying contributions from different outlets, identifying top performers and opportunities for improvement. Regional sales distribution is analyzed, with New York showing significant contributions. Additionally, product insights detail sales volumes by beverage brands and cities, guiding marketing and inventory strategies. The methodology involves comprehensive data gathering, cleansing, and analysis to create an interactive Power BI dashboard that displays key metrics and allows for real-time insights. The document also suggests future enhancements for predictive analytics and emphasizes the need for cross-disciplinary research in retail analytics. Overall, it aims to provide a comprehensive view of trends and best practices in retail sales analysis.

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Business Analytics, Power BI, Sales Analysis

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Social media platforms like Facebook and Instagram have become integral to youth communication, self-expression, and identity formation in the contemporary digital landscape. While these platforms offer avenues for creativity, networking, and information dissemination, they also foster validation-seeking behaviours driven by likes, shares, comments, and followers. This study, focusing on Facebook and Instagram usage patterns, explores the relationship between social media literacy and validation-seeking behaviour among youth. Social media literacy is increasingly recognised as a critical subdomain within the broader media literacy framework, encompassing the specific skills and competencies required to critically navigate, evaluate, and engage with content across social networking platforms. How young individuals perceive and interact with online content, peer feedback, and algorithmic visibility is crucial. Using a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative survey data and qualitative insights, the study investigates how varying levels of media literacy influence validation-seeking tendencies and emotional dependencies on social approval via social platforms. The research aims to provide empirical evidence to support interventions that foster healthier digital practices among youth.

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Media Literacy, Validation-Seeking Behaviour, Youth, Facebook, Instagram, Digital Literacy, Online Identity, Social Media Engagement, Digital Well-being

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ABSTRACT Plant fungal diseases significantly impact the yield and quality of oilseed crops in India, with Alternaria blight and related pathogens causing up to 70% yield losses. Chemical fungicides, though effective, are beset with issues such as resistance development, environmental persistence, and food safety concerns. In response, research has focused on the bio-fungicidal properties of locally available plant extracts--particularly garlic (Allium sativum), neem (Azadirachta indica), ginger (Zingiber officinale), NSKE (Neem Seed Kernel Extract), and Alstonia scholaris--aimed at sustainable disease management. This paper investigates their efficacy against fungal pathogens in Indian mustard and related oilseeds through in vitro and in vivo experiments, comparing findings to standard fungicides and biocontrol agents. The results indicate that garlic and neem extracts, especially when applied as combined seed and foliar treatments, offer disease suppression and yield improvements comparable to synthetic fungicides, presenting a viable option for integrated pest management.

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Keywords: Biofungicides, plant extracts, fungal diseases, oilseed crops, disease management.

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Entrepreneurship can help in economic development, enhance innovation and foster creativity which will increase nation's GDP and create employment. In India with a large number of unemployed, creating entrepreneurial eco-system will help in employment generation and reduce income inequalities. Objectives: Author tries to explore role of business incubation centres (BICs) in fostering entrepreneurship and nurturing early-stage startups. Author also investigates role of incubators (such as mentorship, infrastructure, funding, and training) in creating entrepreneurial mindset, startup creating motivations, and innovation skills in learners. Methodology: The study is qualitative in nature reviewing journal articles on the topic in question. The author critically analyse each empirical paper to find out trends and themes. Mostly, secondary data is used only one or two sources are primary in nature. Secondary data was used in analysing startup ecosystem, government policies, and funding mechanisms of incubators. Discussion: The findings of the study is divided into five core themes: Role of Government, Incubators nurturing Startups, University-based Incubators, Atal Incubation Mission (AIM), Performance & Scope of Incubators. The themes are based on findings from empirical papers.. Significance: The Indian government has a mind set to promote startups through initiatives like Startup India, the Atal Innovation Mission (AIM), and the creation of Atal Incubation Centres (AICs). This study is significant in pointing out the role of incubators in producing next generation entrepreneurs.

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Atal Innovation Mission, Atal Incubation Centre, Entrepreneurship, Business Incubators, Ecosystem, Start-ups, University

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Interventional Radiology (IR) has rapidly evolved into a critical subspecialty that performs minimally invasive procedures using image guidance. Radiologic technologists (RTs), or radiographers, play an essential role in the IR suite, and the complexity of procedures demands advanced technical, clinical, and communication skills. This article explores the core competencies and training requirements for technologists in IR, emphasizing the need for standardized education, continuing professional development (CPD), and cross-disciplinary collaboration.

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1. Radiology 2. Interventional Radiology 3. Patient 4. Technologist 5. Patient care 6. Skill

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The liberalization of financial markets during the 1990s facilitated the inflow of Foreign Institutional Investments (FIIs) into emerging economies, including India. This study examines the influence of institutional investors--specifically FIIs and Domestic Institutional Investors (DIIs)--on the Indian stock market. With India emerging as one of the most attractive destinations for portfolio investments, understanding the investment behaviour of FIIs and DIIs becomes critical for analyzing market movements and volatility. The study is analytical in nature and based on secondary data collected over 55 months, from January 1, 2020, to July 31, 2024. It investigates whether the investments or withdrawals by FIIs and DIIs significantly impact the BSE Sensex, both on the same and succeeding days. Using statistical tools such as correlation and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression analysis (via E Views software), the study evaluates the causal relationship and market responsiveness to institutional investor activities. The findings aim to enhance understanding of market dynamics and provide insights for investors, researchers, and policymakers.

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Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs), Domestic Institutional Investors (DIIs), Indian Stock Market, BSE Sensex

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RATHORE SASHKO KI PRAMBHIK RAJDHANI OR UNKI SAMSIYAY

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RATHORE SASHKO KI PRAMBHIK RAJDHANI OR UNKI SAMSIYAY

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Chhattiisagadh Raajya Ki Vibhin Yojanaon Ke Madhyam Se Mahilaa Sashaktikaraṇ Ka Adhayan

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Chhattiisagadh Raajya Ki Vibhin Yojanaon Ke Madhyam Se Mahilaa Sashaktikaraṇ Ka Adhayan

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