Volume 12 | Issue 6

 Abstract

Color image enhancement is a complex and challenging process with several applications. It is quite difficult to maintain the color of the provided image in every circumstance. This work uses a relatively simple improvement technique that optimally preserves the hue and range of the R, G, and B channels of a color image. The first stage is to use meaningful rigid ordering of pixels, meaning that the pixels are aligned in a fixed way, to transform the intensity image to the target intensity. After the image has been enhanced, applying the new algorithms to it should fit the target intensity in the image. This research presents an investigation of new methods that increase color and compares them to a well-known histogram-based approach that preserves the hue and range of a color image. The outcomes show that, in comparison to other approaches, the algorithms in this study provide substantially superior enhancement. These algorithms, though relatively simple, produce very good results when Hue and range preservation are important.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

color image enhancement, optimizer, DWT, Fuzzy image, Fuzzification

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The purpose of this study to develop medicated chocolate of Atomoxetine. Atomoxetine is a prescription medicine used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This medicine helps to modulates the activity of certain chemical messengers in the brain, which increases attention and decreases restlessness. The crucial aspect in formulation of medicated chocolate is to mask the bitter taste of drug. Initially the inclusion complex between Atomoxetine and beta cyclodextrin was prepared by kneading method. Different molar ratio of complex is prepared. Complex was characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, % drug release study. Medicated chocolate containing Atomoxetine were prepared using ingredients like cocoa powder, cocoa butter, pharmaceutical sugar, lecithin, dicalcium phosphate, flavor. The initial compatibility studies between drug and excipients were carried out using DSC and FTIR spectra. The concentration of cocoa powder [X1] and cocoa butter [X2] were selected as independent variables. The hardness [Y1] and % CDR [Y2] were selected as dependent variables. The prepared medicated chocolate was evaluated for hardness, in vitro drug release, thickness, weight variation, drug content, moisture content, fat and sugar bloom. The results indicated that concentration of cocoa powder [X1] and cocoa powder [X2] were significantly affected the hardness [Y1] and %CDR [Y2]. Formulation F4 was found to be best formulation with % drug release in 30 min 9%. There was no drastic change in the results of medicated chocolate of an optimized batch at end of one month accelerated stability Study

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

ADHD, beta cyclo dextrin, Atomoxetine, DSC, FTIR

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Malaria is a life-threatening disease spread to humans by some types of mosquitoes. It is mostly found in tropical countries. It is preventable and curable. Malaria mostly spreads to people through the bites of some infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. Blood transfusion and contaminated needles may also transmit malaria. Andhra Pradesh is endemic for Malaria. This study aimed to identify high risk areas of malaria in Visakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh, India, 2017-19. Geographical data was collected from the District Malaria Office, Meteorological Department (M.D), Municipal Corporation, Government and Census office. Socio economic data was collected from the state census, Department of Statistics and Social Welfare Board (DSSWB). The periodical results were compared and analysed with SPR and PF%.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Anopheles, SPR: Slide Positivity Rate Pf%: Plasmodium falciparum

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This article examines the major barriers to effective professional development for English as Foreign Language (EFL) teachers, with a particular focus on the context of Oman. Despite the critical role of continuous professional development (CPD) in improving teaching practices and student outcomes, there are numerous challenges that hider its successful implementation. This study recognizes six major barriers for successful continuous professional programs. The article provides a detailed analysis of each of these barriers through a review of existing literature, including works by Afshar and Ghasemi (2017), Lorimer (2018), and Omar (2014). It highlights the lack of adequate funding and resources as primary obstacles to CPD, with frugal budgets limiting access to high-quality CPD opportunities, especially in developing countries. The ubiquitous time constraints are also significant factors, as teachers often struggle to balance their professional responsibilities with the demands of ongoing development. The relevance and practicality of CPD programs are vital for their success, yet many programs do not address the specific requirements and contexts of EFL teachers. Furthermore, inadequate administrative support and a lack of collaborative culture deter the healthy concept of sharing of best practices. Technological barriers like limited access to necessary tools and digital literacy skills further complicate the issue. Lastly, the article also discusses the unique cultural and educational challenges in Oman, emphasizing the need for cultural appropriateness of CPD programs rendered in the country. The findings highlight the necessity of addressing these barriers to improve the effectiveness of professional development ventures and support the professional growth of EFL teachers.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

English Language Teaching (ELT), Professional Development Programs (PDPs), EFL Teachers, Barriers to Professional Development, Funding and Resources, Time Constraints, Support and Collaboration, Administrative Support, Technological Barriers, Oman, Continuous Professional Development (CPD).

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Erlotinib, RP-HPLC, Validation, Lipid based nanoformulation, Analytical method

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

It is well known that languages have an interconnection with each other with the constant reciprocation of words. This results in an influence of one on another. Such a reciprocation and influence of language languages can be traced or seen from the literature. Though subscript has a very long stretch of multi thousand years, there has been a parallel flow of original languages. Now, those languages of the Indian subcontinent are known as Prakrit. Which eventually emerged into today's original languages of India. In this article, we are trying to mark the similarities and differences of language structure of Sanskrit and Marathi, Which highlights the abiding connection of the duo.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Sanskrit, Marathi, comparative method, grammatical structure, influence of subscript, similarities, and dissimilarities.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Social media has become a vital part of peoples' lives in the twenty-first century by offering a forum for communication and information exchange. As a result, it has a big impact on customer purchasing decisions by increasing brand recognition and memory through constant advertising. The purpose of this study is to investigate how consumers make purchases in relation to social media. Using a robust sampling technique, the study combined secondary data from 14 conference articles with primary data from 130 replies to a structured questionnaire. To look at the correlations between the variables, statistical analysis was done using SPSS software, specifically chi-square and factor analysis. The results demonstrate how social media strengthens the bonds between companies and customers.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Social Media, Consumer Behavior,Brand recognition,Advertising Customer purchasing decisions

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Introduction- Social media's impact on mental health complicates social service delivery on the micro level due to the significant growth of mental health symptoms. As more individuals are presenting with anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, etc. due to their social media use, increased service providers are needed. Mental health service providers need to be aware of social media's impact on mental health to better serve individuals affected by this issue. There is also a need for further training on how to assess for social media use and the potential impacts on mental health. Having an increased understanding of the impacts of social media use will lead to more efficient and effective treatment for clients. Methodology- the currents study was Descriptive research design conducted at Narayan world school. The total sample size was consisting 400 study participants were selected by using purposive non randomized sampling techniques. The data collection by the face-to-face interview method by the using self-made questionnaire. The data analysis by the descriptive inferential statistics and paired "t" test and chi-square test to determine the psychological effects and selected demographic variables regarding the social media among teenagers of Narayan world school. Results- The present study revealed that out of 400 particiapants150 (37.5%) belongs to 10th and 11th std. Majority of students, 364 (91%) were coming from home. Most of the students, 192 (48%) belongs to joint family. Majority of them, 322 (80.5%) were not engaged in performing exercise daily while most of the participants were using social media for bridging social capital and some of them suffered from social isolation. The significant of the study was between psychological effects of social media and selected demographic variables such as age, year of study, type of family, socioeconomic-status, performing regular exercise was p-value less <0.005 Discussion and conclusion- The study findings revealed that there is strong positive correlation between social media addiction and bonding social capital and social media addiction and psychological wellbeing while age, year of study type of family, socioeconomic-status and performing regular exercise are significantly associated with the psychological effects of social media thus an informational booklet will help the students to use social media in a better way.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keyword- social media, mental health , teenagers

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The epistemological structure of Islamic tradition encompasses a synthesis of revelation, reason, and interpretation. The search for knowledge has been central to the Islamic tradition from its inception in the Quran and the sayings of the Prophet Muhammad (Hadith). Revelation, primarily through the Qur'an and Hadith, provides the foundational knowledge, while reason, known as 'aql in Arabic, is used to understand and interpret this knowledge within the context of human experience and intellect. Islamic jurisprudence, or fiqh, involves the systematic application of these sources to various aspects of life, guiding Islamic practices and ethics. Additionally, the tradition values scholarly consensus, or ijma, and analogical reasoning, or qiyas, as tools for interpreting and adapting Islamic teachings to contemporary contexts. This structure fosters a dynamic interaction between divine guidance and human understanding, shaping the reality and practices of Islam. Islamic epistemology holds that religion, or God's revelation, is a source of ultimate knowledge and truth that may be received through (1) the Al-Quran; (2) Hadith; (3) the five senses; (4) the intellect; and (5) Qalb, or the heart. God is viewed as the source of knowledge and truth, with humanity as its center. The goal of epistemology is to cast doubt on the validity of knowledge as well as on what knowledge is and how to obtain it. One of the primary sources of revelation-based knowledge for Muslims is Islamic theology. Playing language games helps one acquire knowledge, and its veracity is accepted as gospel with a stronger logical argument. Muslims have an obligation to examine every facet of Islamic theology by utilizing social science approaches to clarify a religious phenomenon. The objective of this paper is to examine the concept of epistemology in Islamic education. As a methodology a qualitative documentary analysis approach is adopted for this study. Islamic epistemological knowledge is necessary to solve the world's complicated challenges because Islam, which derives from Allah SWT's revelation, has been proven to be a reliable source of truth and a trustworthy guide to life.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Epistemology, Islamic teaching, Islamic epistemology, Islamic theology, Islamic philosophy

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: As our lifecycle grows more technologically savvy, we are moving away from the natural world. Today,we are not using herbs as much as in ancient times.herbs are found in nature ,and due to this,they have no side effects , are also relatively safe , environmentally friendly and locally accessible.Medicinal plant are very helpful for treatment of various illnesses.. There is a world wide interest in searching for The safe new phytochemical condition such as mouth ulcer ,throat infection, and other ailments. In light of this details, the currently study attempts to create and assess herbal lollipop with anti-inflammatory properties utilising seed extract from sterculia Lychnophora and root extract of licorice. The preliminary goal of this research is to increase retention time of the dosage forms in oral cavity and increase bioavailability, reduction in gastric irritation by passing first pass metabolism. The lollipop were prepared by heating and congealing method using methyl cellulose citric acid as a polymer.the advantage of current study include the tablet and capsule are difficult for pediatrics patients to swallow or have an unpleasant taste, the traditional dosage forms such as syrup , tablet,and capsules are inconvenient for them. The need is to create new technologies has therefore been growing daily. For the analysis of drug many instrumental techniques were used. The produce lollipop formulation underwent tested for anti-inflammatory efficacy, hardness, friability, thickness, and weight variation.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Lollipop, sterculia Lychnophora seed, Anti-inflammatory activity, licorice root

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Saptha Vidangar Sthalam holds a glorious history deeply rooted in Hindu mythology and religious significance. This sacred site, comprising seven temples dedicated to Lord Shiva, is steeped in legend and spiritual importance. The term "Saptha Vidangar" translates to "seven medicinal herbs" in Tamil, reflecting the belief in the healing properties of the plants surrounding the temples. Each temple within Saptha Vidangar Sthalam showcases unique architectural styles and is associated with various mythological narratives. Pilgrims visit these temples seeking blessings, spiritual solace, and the supposed medicinal benefits attributed to the site. This study explores the rich historical and religious heritage of Saptha Vidangar Sthalam, highlighting its significance in Hindu culture and mythology.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Saptha Vidangar Sthalam, Hindu mythology, Lord Shiva temples, sacred site, Tamil Nadu, religious significance, architectural styles, mythological narratives, pilgrimage, spiritual solace, medicinal herbs

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Many students face problems regarding numbers. The use of five frame and ten frame can help such students to improve and develop their number sense in a significant manner.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Number Sense

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Face serum are often used to manage specific skin concerns such as wrinkles, acne, dry skin and dullness. They are designed to brighten, hydrate and provide a variety of benefits, depending on the types of serum you use. Aloe vera gel is commonly used to treat different skin disease, sun burn, minor cuts, insect bites,, and used as wound healing, Anti-inflammatory, anti- bacterial, and Anti-fungal effect. Serum has a property of rapid absorption and ability to penetrate into deeper layer of the skin. Serum usually contains a higher concentration of Active ingredients compared to moisturizers. Facial wrinkles and skin aging are undesirable outcome of photo damage and ultraviolet (UV) rays. The face serum was evaluated for its Physiochemical parameters, pH, globule size, consistency.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Herbal serum, skin etc

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

One of the most important ways of tackling climate change is investing in green energy and technologies, which hold the promise to boost sustainability, with this being a key step in the transition to a green economy. In order to accelerate the shift away from thermal power plants towards renewable energy sources, it is imperative that green energy continues to receive its due attention. Fossil fuel burning is the major factor in climate change with an average holding of 75% of total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and about 90% of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions. The burning of coal and oil pollutes the air and their extraction contaminates groundwater and affects marine life. The planet's fossil fuel reserves are about to last the next 100 years.35 Their acute shortage may result in power blackouts in the liveliest cities in the next few decades. The purpose of this study is to identify the most relevant renewable energy sources in India and their contribution in generation of green energy. Out of various components of a particular source which is most popular in the country. In our study we found that solar energy source is domination and its ground mounted project is most popular components. The state of Rajasthan was on first rank all over the country in green energy generation up to September, 2023.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Renewable Energy, Sustainable Development, Solar energy, sources of energy, components

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) has developed into a useful technology that makes use of human expertise and provides speedier solutions for challenging issues. Significant advancements in AI and machine learning technology have the potential to revolutionize the drug discovery process. the creation and assessment of drug dose formulations. By leveraging a plethora of biological data, including proteomics and genomes, artificial intelligence systems enable scientists to forecast the relationships between putative therapeutic candidates and targets linked to disease. As a result, drug discovery can be approached with greater effectiveness and attention, increasing the likelihood of a successful medication authorization. The possible ways in which artificial intelligence (AI) could improve the efficiency of the process of developing new pharmaceutical products and the collaboration between the main players in the pharmaceutical industry and AI-powered drug research companies. This evaluation focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of the various AI-based pharmaceutical technology techniques. Ongoing research and investment in artificial intelligence by the pharmaceutical business, however, offers exciting prospects for methods of product creation.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

A REVIEW OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In recent times, a lot of corporate frauds and scams have surfaced owing to the failure of corporate governance. The world over has become a cesspool of company malpractices, corporate criminal acts and economic takedowns. A large attribute of such corporate misconduct is the weakening of the institution of independent directors (hereinafter, ID). This is an institution which maintains democracy, integrity, and corporate ethics in a company. Any mitigation of their role, functions or position shall create situations of probable corporate scams. This paper seeks to analyse the efficacy of ID and loopholes critically and comparatively in existing statutory ID framework to battle corporate frauds. The paper has employed a strategic and coherent timeline to phase out the genesis of this institution, role in corporate governance and prevailing need to consolidate its power to address budding corporate misconducts. The author has resorted to an extensive set of books, journals, statutes, and online sources to present his research in a structured and organized manner.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Board of Directors, Corporate Frauds, Democracy, Governance, and Independent Directors.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Industries play a crucial role in the production of a diverse array of products beneficial to humanity. However, industrial activities have led to significant environmental pollution, with waste materials being discharged into water bodies, soil, and the atmosphere. Various methods are employed by industries to treat effluents, and bioremediation stands out as a highly effective technique for decontaminating polluted environments. This review critically assesses the bioremediation potential of microorganisms in addressing major industrial pollutants.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Industrial effluents, Microbes in bioremediation, Biodegradation, Microbial consortium

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The paper attempt to describe the comparative view on the Verb structure of the three languages - Bodo, Gara and Rabha. Morphologically verb in languages sound three types, i.e. simple Complex and Compound. Simple verbs are mainly monosyllabic in Bodo and Rabha but in Garo bisyllable and more than that due to Glottal stop. Complex Verbs are formed by adding prefixation and suffixation in all the three languages. Compounding are formed by consist of more than one verb in all the three languages. The above points have been discussed in this paper on similarities and dissimilarities along with appropriate illustration.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Garo, Rabha, Verb, Prefixation, Suffixation, Complex, Compound.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research paper critically examines Arundhati Roy's novel, "The God of Small Things," focusing on the theme of temporal hybridity and its connection to unreliable traumatic memory. The narrative intricately weaves past, present, and future experiences, a characteristic often attributed to magical realism, postcolonialism, and postmodernism. While existing scholarship has linked this temporal blending to stylistic and political elements, the paper contends that an essential aspect--trauma--plays a pivotal role in shaping the temporal mix experienced by the protagonists.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Temporal Hybridity, Memory, Unreliable Narration, Traumatic Experience

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study is an attempt to comprehensively understand the National Education Policy of India, 2020 in the aspect of the usage of the Mother Language in primary education. The article in its first half looks into the conjunction between Language and Education. In the second half, the discussion takes a turn with a discussion on tribal rights and tribal education in India. The third half of the article deals with the advantages and disadvantages of the National Education Policy of 2020 and a look into the attempts made by the central and state governments to function the policy.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Langue, Parole, Policy, Mother tongue, Education

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition