Volume 8 | Issue 6

 Abstract

This review of literature is based on Indian History. It highlights the famous events that took place in the history of India from the era of Indus Valley Civilization (3300 BCE) to Independence (20th Century). We have tried to cover very concisely the major important and influential events from the Mauryan Dynasty to the Mughals and British Raj with apt information.

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History; Civilization; Empire; Reign; Conquest

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Abstract The Link West approach of India is now its key strategy to win Middle East and the Central Asia. Indian foreign policy makers are in the view that India�s interest in near West countries are intimately linked with its energy, security, trade ,employment for Indians and remittances, which may bring peace and development in the region. In an attempt to strengthen ties with India�s near west neighbours, Indian government proposed its policy to compliment his Act East Policy. Although it is called Link West which gives it a bigger geographical connotation, it is mainly to focus on the West Asia. India�s justifications for greater involvement with the Middle East and Central Asia stem from the fact that it already has close links with countries in that area. It is already involved with several projects in the region, such as the Farkhor Air Base in Tajikistan and the Chabahar Port facility in Iran. The one phase of Chabahar Port has already been operational. The port is likely to ramp up trade between India, Afghanistan and Iran in the wake of Pakistan denying transit access to New Delhi. The Chabahar Project located on the Gulf of Oman, only 85 km from China�s Gawadar Port in Pakistan, is important for India as it will allow it to buy pass Pakistan in accessing Afghanistan and Central Asia. Moreover, India is also in the good position of being trusted by all the major factions in the Middle East. It has good relation equally with Iran, Saudi Arabia, Israel, Iraq and the Gulf Sates. There are particularly large Indian community in the Gulf States and the development of UAE as a major financial and cultural centre for South Asian is another factor that India should consider leveraging as it reaches out to the region. Keeping these facts in view, India should focus its effort and energies to its West, where it can still become a substantial player, rather than the East, where it will likely remain a minor player. It should continue its close relation with the East, but its strategic horizons dictate that it should focus on the Indian Ocean and the Middle East �Central Asia region. In this perspective the focus of my paper will be mainly on the following objectives. ? The concept of Link West Policy; ? To trace the traditional relationship of India with near west countries; ? To enquire about the outcomes of the bilateral relations; ? To find out the prospect of peace and development in this region; ? Conclusion.

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Link West policy, Peace, Development, Near West

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The employees of the Hotel industry are often at the first defense in the profitability game. But as the approach of the research paper study relies on the current pandemic situation which has come across globally impacting the entire tourism sector which directly or indirectly effected the Hotel industry. It is a major challenge for the hotel industry for front and backend staff engagement in their respective roles, which also leads to the declining numbers in counting customer satisfaction after the completion of lockdown, and in turn, also decreasing profitability power for the respective industry as well. In such a high-alert situation the turnover of industries such as hospitality, successfully engaging with and retaining team members with accepting and proving the challenge. Employee engagement is defined as the emotional commitment of an employee with the organization and its goals. Engagement allows hotels to reach their full potential by helping to create open communication channels, improve productivity and retaining the talented staff after the pandemic.

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Hotel, covid 19, coronavirus, employee engagement

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Rural Development is the way toward improving the personal satisfaction and monetary prosperity of individuals living in moderately disengaged and inadequately populated areas. India is rising as a significant force with the economy enlisting high development rates and Indian urban areas and urban focuses starting to show characteristics of prosperity. However, there is no uniform turn of events, the country surrounding area not having the option to walk connect with urban India. More than 70 percent of individuals live in towns and 80 percent of poor additionally live in rustic territories. The advantages of financial development are not permeating to more than 66% of the individuals. The noticeable images of advancement ought not to cause us to overlook the issues of the local regions.

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Rural Development , Factor analysis , information Technology

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Socialization is an integral part of human life. It is a process of learning which begins with the birth of child and is carried out by various agencies such as family, school, religion, occupation etc and continues till death. Till the outbreak of pandemic due to Covid-19, the agencies were carrying out their role to socialize the child and adult. However, pandemic has changed the life. Everyone has started wearing masks, using sanitizers, regularly washing hands, practising social distancing, not going out necessarily, no or less partying, less outings, minimal participation in social gatherings, work from home and alike. Process of socialization has never taught us to behave like this but all human beings now have to learn these practices. Covid is bringing change in our socialization and this process will be called covidalization, i.e., covid socialization. The paper like to conclude that pandemic is here to stay and it is high time that we bring change in socialization process so as to adapt easily to new challenges in life.

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Socialization, Covid-19, coronavirus, Covidalization, Covid Socialization

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In many spheres of life, women have to share their disabilities, even if they are capable of doing it. Their experience of discrimination is more extensive because of the sex � segregated character of the society, traditional value system and the condition of poverty. Therefore, efforts to improve the position of poor Indian women need to focus on them as economic actors, within the framework of other multiple roles. Increasing women�s economic productivity affects their own status and survival in the immediate family and their valuation at the wider societal level.

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Gender and Gender Disabilities

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This paper describes the corporate real estate strategy (CRES) of an existing food processing unit which is planning to expand their manufacturing operations. The options identified for expansion were either to buy out a new land parcel in the industrial zone or to use the existing land parcel already with them. The challenge with choosing the land parcel is shortage of space for expansion. CRES was devised to optimize the space of the land parcel for setting up the new unit and the feasibility of the expansion strategy was analyzed. In this paper CRES emphasizes on vertical construction of the manufacturing unit instead of building horizontal units. This would save cost of buying a new land parcel and the modern construction techniques would ensure cost optimization for the construction of manufacturing unit. The final strategy of renting out the existing building was proposed to capitalize on the benefits of the LRD scheme which would help in repayment of the E.M.I on debt financing. Implementation of these corporate real estate strategies were observed as favorable in reducing cost and increasing operational efficiency of the food processing unit.

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Corporate Real Estate Strategy, Food Processing, Land Parcel, Industrial Zone, LRD Scheme, Feasibility

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The consumption of fuels in the world is increasing rapidly and it affects the Global economy of all the countries so this factor forced all the countries to find the alternative fuel to reduce and even replace the usage of petroleum in regard to alternative energy production of Biodiesel will be next choice for replacement of fossil fuel. It is well known fact that diesel engines when operated with biodiesel leads to lowering of Global warming issues and emission levels. In the present work Biodiesel production using blends of different oils like coconut oil, neem oil, cotton seed oil, rice bran oil made from transesterificaton process and performance test is done on Four stroke water cooled single cylinder diesel engine. The present research is aimed to investigate experimentally the performance and exhaust emission characteristics of a direct injection diesel engine when fuelled with B10, B20 blends of Biodiesel (rice bran oil). All experiments were carried out at constant RPM. By the experiment the brake thermal efficiency for Biodiesel was found slightly higher than the high speed diesel at various load condition. Also the specific fuel consumption and exhaust temperature increased with increased biodiesel blends.

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Diesel Engine, Biodiesel, Transestrification, Crude Rice Bran Oil, Performance, Emissions

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Artificial Intelligence is a trending topic nowadays. It is believed that artificial intelligence will be the solution to all the existing societal problems and will help reduce human effort and also help improve the way humans interpret the world around them. In technical terms, artificial intelligence can be defined as a field of computer science that emphasizes on the creation of intelligent machines that think, work, and react like human beings. As of today artificial intelligence is being implemented in various fields such as medicine, engineering, agriculture, autonomous driving and flying etc. Finance is also an upcoming field where artificial intelligence is being implemented. Stock market can be defined as an aggregation of various buyers and sellers of stock. A stock or a share can be defined as an ownership of a particular company, and an attempt to determine the future vale of a particular stock of a company is known as stock market prediction. Many claim that stock markets are dynamic and chaotic in nature and there exist various methods or techniques that the investors use in order to invest in the stock markets. But due to this chaotic nature of the stock markets it sometimes becomes a bit tedious and difficult to use the existing statistical and analytical methods to forecast the stock prices. This research paper basically focuses on how artificial intelligence is being used and how it can be beneficial to use artificial intelligence based analytical methods, software�s and techniques for stock market predictions. This paper will also focus on some of the pre-existing artificial intelligence tool s and software�s that are being deployed by various companies for the purpose of stock market predictions and what is the impact of Artificial Intelligence on the future of trading. In conclusion it can be said that introducing Artificial Intelligence into stock markets will be beneficial for both traders and investors alike. It does come with its fair share of cons, but in the long run it will be advantageous.

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Artificial intelligence, High Frequency Trading, performance, Sentiment Analysis, Stock Market.

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In our modern era where the internet is ubiquitous, everyone relies on various online resources for news. Along with the increase in the use of social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, etc. news spread rapidly among millions of users within a very short span of time. The spread of fake news has far-reaching consequences like the creation of biased opinions to swaying election outcomes for the benefit of certain candidates. Moreover, spammers use appealing news headlines to generate revenue using advertisements via click-baits. In this paper, we aim to perform binary classification of various news articles available online with the help of concepts pertaining to Artificial Intelligence, Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning. We aim to provide the user with the ability to classify the news as fake or real and also check the authenticity of the website publishing the news.

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Internet, Social Media, Fake News, Classification, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Websites, Authenticity.

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Ambedkar and Nehru who were the founders of Indian Democracy wanted to establish it as a social one. But many believe that Political democracy has outreached our Social democracy. This Article aims to study the golden triangle of �Liberty, Equality and Fraternity� as mentioned in our Indian Constitution. It also analyses through the landmark case laws where the Fundamental Rights under article 14, 19 and 21 were read together, hence showing the Judiciary�s attempt to make Political democracy a Social one.

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Keywords: Social, Political, Democracy, Constitution

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: Terrorism is the most tinder trouble of the world now days. It caused the sentiment of insecurity among the society in contravention of the advancement in technology. Despite the fact that the configuration of the blast and the loads caused by it cannot be expected ideal pursuits can be made to mitigate the outcomes of the blast. Due to progress in technology and introduction of finite elements software now it is possible to get to a credible finding. The analysis and design of structures subjected to blast loads require a detailed understanding of blast phenomena and the dynamic response of various structural elements. The study is made to grasp the properties of blast wave by forecasting the blast wave parameters for various charge amounts placed at various distances. The outcome of TNT (trinitrotoluene) explosive on a column foundation for various amount of TNT charge at various distances is investigated for model buildings of various floors and represented in this paper.

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blast load, explosion, RC structures, Ansys

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The study aimed to appraise Nigeria�s response to curb the spread of COVID-19 and identify response gaps. The study employed content analysis to evaluate Nigeria�s responses in four major areas covering public health response, physical distancing measures, social protection interventions, fiscal and monetary policy interventions. Several issues and challenges were highlighted which if not resolved may thwart government efforts to curb the spread of the virus disease. It was recommended that the apex bank should inject more funds into the economy especially the facility targeting MSMEs and households who are vulnerable to increase the number that may benefit from the fund to improve their wellbeing and stimulate economic activities. Also, the Nigerian authorities should ensure transparency in the management of COVID-19 cases and funds donated towards the fight against COVID-19 to engender trust and increase access of palliatives to the vulnerable in the country. The government should increase testing capacities and provide sufficient protection to frontline health workers. The use of social workers and non-governmental organization volunteers to support health workers in contact tracing and management of infected patients will help free capacity. The adoption of digital contact tracing to augment the manual contact tracing is advocated especially at this time that the government has started easing lockdown. Collaborating with other stakeholders such as civil society, including community organizations and self-help groups, and the private sector among others, governments can lead the way by developing policies and initiation of sustainable actions to put an end or at least reduce significantly the incidence of the spread and impact of COVID-19 in Nigeria.

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Coronavirus, COVID-19 Epidemic, Nigeria�s Response, Social Protection, Lockdown, Public Health

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?????? ????????????? ?????? ???. ????????????? ?? ???????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????. ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????????? ????? ???? ????. ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????????? ???. ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????. ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????. ??? ???????????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ?? ????.

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?????? ????????????? ?????? - ??????? ???????- ???????? ???????? ?????????? ????- ?????? ???????- ??????? ??????? - ???? ???????? ???? ?????- ??????? ?? ??????- ?????? ??????- ?? ???????- ????????? ??????????? ????? ?? ??????? ????.

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General concern about stuttering has increased recently especially in countries like India. This study focuses on �The perception of stuttering among preschool and primary school teachers in Chennai, India.� It was investigated through stuttering awareness questionnaires provided to schools in and around Chennai and documenting results completed by 155 teachers. Based on the results of the study; teachers are aware that the environment plays a vital role in stammering and the children with stuttering (CWS) have the potential to overcome the condition. They did not agree that CWS were quiet and shy. All teachers reported a limited experience of handling CWS, but their responses indicated a desire to do their best to support such children in the classroom. Knowledge about stuttering was, however , considered to be less important to teachers working with specific learning disabilities.

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Awareness; perception; stuttering; preschool; primary school.

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Women owned enterprises are steadily developing in Ethiopia and they are contributing to the household income and to the growth of national economies. Despite the growing number of women entrepreneurs in Ethiopia and their contribution to the economy and reduction of societal problems, they still own and manage less small business than men. The aim of this study was to assess the factors that affect the performance of women owned micro and small enterprises in Mizan town. The research design for this study was descriptive and explanatory research. The study used all 139 women owned enterprise in Mizan town. For this study, primary data was collected through questionnaire and interview. In order to obtain information from the respondents� questionnaire was distributed for all 139 owners of the enterprise and from which 123 questionnaires were returned. The quantitative data in this research was analyzed by descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, mean scores and standard deviations using statistical package for social sciences SPSS (V. 20.0). The qualitative data was analyzed using descriptive narration. Pearson correlation analysis was used to establish the relationship between the identified independent and dependent variables. The study also used multiple regression analysis to predict the dependent variable and to shows how much a unique variance in the dependent variable is explained by each of independent variables. The study found that major factors affecting the performance of women owned enterprise in the study area was Access to finance, access to infrastructure and government relate factors. The study concluded that there is significant and positive relation between independent variables (work premises, access to finance, access to infrastructure, Managerial and entrepreneurial skill, government and market related factors) and dependent variable (performance of women owned enterprises).Finally, the study recommended that micro and small enterprise office should work in collaboration with different financial institutions to create easily accessible financial environment, Mizan town micro and small enterprise office should work in collaboration with different institution in order to provide uninterrupted service for women operators and the government should move in quickly to create policies that favor the growth and expansion of women owned enterprise

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Performance, Work premise, Access to finance, Access to infrastructure, government support, managerial and entrepreneurial and marketing factors.

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Abstract: Polycystic ovary disease (PCOD) is a condition that affects a woman�s hormone levels. The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on polycystic ovarian disease and to find out the association between the pre test knowledge scores of polycystic ovarian disease among adolescent girls with selected demographic variables. Index terms: effectiveness, structured teaching programme, polycystic ovarian disease, adolescent girls. Introduction: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, (PCOS) is the most common problem that encounter with fertility of women in reproductive age. The prevalence of polycystic ovaries in Indian subcontinent Asian women is very high. The prevalence of polycystic ovarian disease in general population has been estimated to be 5% to 10% of women of reproductive age. Women with PCOS produce higher-than-normal amounts of male hormones. This hormone imbalance causes them to skip menstrual periods and makes it harder for them to get pregnant. As the rates of obesity increases among children and adolescents, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is certainly one of these conditions suited for nursing for its prevention. The objectives of the study are: 1. To assess the level of pretest knowledge score on Polycystic Ovarian Disease among adolescent girls 2. To assess the level of post test knowledge score on Polycystic Ovarian Disease among adolescent girls. 3. To assess the effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Polycystic Ovarian Diseases among adolescent girls by comparing pre and post test knowledge scores. 4. To find out the association between the pre test knowledge scores of Polycystic Ovarian Disease among adolescent girls with selected demographic variables. Methodology: With an evaluative approach, a pre experimental one group pre-test post-test design was adopted for the study. The study was conducted in Handique Girls College, Guwahati, Assam and 60 samples of adolescent girls were selected using purposive sampling technique. Modified Ludwig Von Bertalanffy (1968) General System Theory conceptual framework was used in this study. The tools used for the study were demographic performa and Structured knowledge questionnaire. The analysis was done by using descriptive and inferential statistics in terms of frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, paired �t� test and chi square test. Result: The present study showed that in selected demographic variables, maximum number of adolescent girls i.e. 50(83.3%) were in the age group of 17-19 years and 55 i.e 91.6% have no family history of PCOD where 5 (8.3)% have family history of PCOD. All 100% of the samples have 21 � 35 days menstruation cycle and 50(83.3%) have history of dysmennorhea. Among the samples 27(45%) of the adolescent girls previous source of information is from family members, where 23(38.3%)is from health personnel and 10(16.6% )from mass media. The result revealed that in pre test 71.6% of adolescent girls have inadequate knowledge and 28.3% of the adolescent girls have adequate knowledge Where in the post test 100% have adequate knowledge. So, post-test score remain higher than the pre-test knowledge score. TABLE 1: Mean, Standard deviation, Mean difference and t value of pre-test and post- test knowledge scores. N=60 Sl. No Knowledge Mean SD Mean t-value Df Inference Score difference 1. Pre-test 10.4 1.23 2. Post-test 17.5 1.18 7.18 41.4* 59 S * S = Significant at P<0.05 level of significance The data presented in table 1 shows that the mean pre test knowledge score(17.5) is higher than the mean pre test knowledge score(10.4) and the difference between the pre-test and post-test score is 7.18. Thus the calculated value is greater than the tabulated value and hence null hypothesis (H01) is rejected and the research hypothesis is accepted i.e. there is a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test knowledge score on polycystic ovarian disease. This indicates that the structured teaching programme on polycystic ovarian disease was effective in improving the knowledge of adolescent girls. The result of chi-square analysis revealed that there is significant association between pre test knowledge with selected demographic variables such as family history of PCOD and history of dysmenorrheal and not significant with the age, regularity of cycle and previous source of information Thus the null hypothesis H02 and research hypothesis H2 is accepted. Conclusion: The study revealed that was the structured teaching programme on polycystic ovarian disease is effective among the adolescent girls. The recommendations suggested were, a similar study can be done by utilizing other teaching strategies and can be undertaken on a large scale.

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effectiveness, structured teaching programme, polycystic ovarian disease, adolescent girls.

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Purpose- Throughout today�s competitive era, excellent customer support is the critical key to the success and development of the companies. Customer dissatisfaction and grievances are on the rise due to some unscrupulous practices performed by some insurers. This study makes use of secondary dataand the researcher tries to lay out the details regarding the importance of customer grievance rederessal, sources of customer dissatisfaction, different actions to be taken to resolve the issues and data related to complaints in the health insurance sector. The researcher has also made an effort to provide some suggestions regarding the betterment of the grievance redressal mechanism.The study indicates that the health insurance industry needs to raise awareness amongst the customers about redressing their complaints, and that the policy holders� should be more attentive and vigilant while taking up any policy. Research Implication- This paper makes an attempt to provide a preliminary understanding of the significance of enhancing the effectiveness of the customer grievance redressal mechanism taking into consideration the sector of health insurance. Hence, future research should use alternative methods and verify the findings of the current research. Originality/ Value- The paper highlights the effectiveness of customer redressal mechanism and suggestions to improve the effectiveness of the same with special reference to health insurance industry.

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Customer Grievance, Grievance Redresssal, Health Insurance , Redressal Mechanism.

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?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? + ? = ???? ? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??? 18 ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??????????? ?? ??????????? ??? ???? ?????? ??, ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??, 18 ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???-??? ?????? ?????, ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??, ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????-???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??????, ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ????????? ?? ??????, ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??????, ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??- ????? ????? - - ?????? ?? 280 ??? ????? ?? ????? --- ????? ?? ????? ???? / ?????????? - ???? 2 ??? ????????? ???? - 2-6 ???? ??? ?? ???? - 6-11 ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??, ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??????????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??, ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????-???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???

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???? ,???? ?????? , ??????? ???????? ???? ???????

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The purpose of this paper is to explore how to teach and learn the English language through E-Resources. English has become a global language as it is used almost in every field of life like science, business, sports, etc. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru said that it is a window to the modern world. So learning the English language has become necessary for this generation. The English language should be learned with proper care and concentration. It is an international language, spoken in many countries both as a native and as a second or foreign language. It is taught in schools in almost every country in the world. It is a fact that E-Resources has become a piece of trendy information to academics, teachers, researchers and students for the last couple of years. In this 21st century, electronic information resources are seen as the most recent and most powerful channel. Most of the libraries have started using EIRs (Electronic Information Resources) to substitute print collections for optimum use. Electronic resources like E-journals that are accessed via the internet are very much useful.

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E-Moocs, E-Pathshala, Swayam Prabha, Swayam, Youtube, NPTEL,j-Stor, Shodhganga.

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