Volume 12 | Issue 6

 Abstract

Chronic heavy alcohol consumption disrupts normal organ function and causes structural damage in almost all body tissues. Thus, it is predicted that alcohol has a significant effect on red blood cells and other biochemical components of the blood stream. Studies assessing oxidative damage to erythrocyte membranes in alcoholic diabetics are closely related to associated biochemical and biophysical changes. The overwhelming body of evidence from human and animal studies clearly shows that chronic and heavy alcohol consumption causes structural damage and/or disrupts normal organ function in nearly all body tissues.

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Alcohol, Acetaldehyde, Ethanol, membrane, In silico.

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The youth of today will either be the father or the citizens of tomorrow. Although there was a global outcry against this phrase, children everywhere were denied access to several resources. The abrupt removal of a kid from the breast is not weaning. Comparative research design was used for the study. The study was conducted in the rural area i.e. village Bassian and urban area i.e. Jagraon. The sample is of 100 mothers (50 rural and 50 urban mothers). Convenient sampling technique was used for selecting sample. The level of knowledge was assessed by self structured knowledge questionnaire comprised of 30 items. The study found that 36% of rural mothers and 94% of urban mothers had a positive attitude towards the importance of weaning diet for their under-five children. This aligns with a similar study by Maheswary Ekambaram in 2012 which reported 84% positive attitude among rural mothers.

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knowledge, attitude, mothers, weaning diet, under five year's children, rural area, urban areas

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Access to healthcare is a critical determinant of societal well-being, especially in populous and economically diverse countries like India. This study investigates the beneficiary experiences of the Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) in Punjab, focusing on awareness levels, usage trends, and sources of information. With India surpassing China as the world's most populous country, healthcare challenges, particularly among the economically disadvantaged, have become more pressing. Utilizing a cross-sectional survey conducted among 576 beneficiaries in Ludhiana and Mansa districts, the research employs random sampling and structured questionnaires to evaluate awareness, enrolment, and service utilization under AB-PMJAY. The findings reveal that 37% of beneficiaries have low awareness, 43% moderate, and 19% high awareness, with information predominantly obtained from government campaigns, healthcare providers, and word-of-mouth. Enrolment in the scheme stands at 41%, with 12% of enrolled beneficiaries utilizing services, primarily for hospitalization. Key barriers to utilization include cost concerns and insufficient awareness. Statistical analysis identifies significant correlations between demographic factors, such as education and income, and levels of awareness and utilization. The study underscores the necessity for targeted awareness campaigns and enhanced accessibility to optimize the scheme's impact. Policy recommendations highlight the importance of community-based platforms and tailored communication strategies to bridge existing gaps, ensuring equitable healthcare access for all vulnerable populations.

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Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY, Beneficiary awareness, Healthcare access, Information dissemination, Punjab healthcare, Usage trends

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An iconic, tropical and climacteric fruit Durian (Durio zibethinus) Family: Malvaceae is cultivated in Malaysia and Southeast Asia. It is also recognized as the King of fruits. This family has 51 genera, and the genus Durio consists of approximately 28 species. Durian is distinguished by its large size and spikey, hard outer shell. The flesh of this fruit smells slightly pungent defined as an onion-like, sulphury aroma and has a texture similar to custard with a large seed. The pulp is found mainly in yellow and white colour and rarely found in red and green colour. This pulp is a good source of nutrients such as carbohydrates, dietary fats, proteins and fibre, and volatile Sulphur compounds. An over-ripped durian consists of polyphenols and flavonoids which are beneficial to human health. Durian leaf and root decoctions have medicinal and anti-malarial properties. Many types of research have claimed that there is great commercial and economical demand for Durian fruits due to their wide significance in the medical field, food industry, Nutraceutical industry and construction.

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Polyphenols, Antimalarial, Sulphur compound, Tropical, Pulp

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The present study pertains to the examination of the academic contributions made by teachers of library and information science (LIS) to their profession in India. The teachers in the profession plays a significant role in bringing LIS programs by designing, evolving a curriculum effectively based on society desires to create human resources with appropriate knowledge and skills in the varying scenario of global market in the field. The primary objective of the study is to understand the contribution areas of teachers in the academic in India. This study also aimed to identify the academic contribution of LIS teachers towards the profession in India based and designation. The data source employed for this inquiry is the quantitative data pertaining to the contributions of teachers. The data was collected through a structured questionnaire by using a survey method. There were a total of 353 teachers from 106 state universities and 19 teachers from central universities. The response rate was 81.30%, with 287 respondents. The results of the study show that out of three categories of LIS teachers with respect to designation, professors have contributed more in academic activities followed by associate professors.

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Academic contribution, Academic activities, Library science, Library profession, Information science, Profession development.

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The present study was carried out to compare bal/balika ashram and parent home adolescent students on Locus of Control. A sample of 360 (90 male and 90 female from bal/balika ashram and 90 male and 90 female from parent home adolescent students) were selected randomly for the present study. The result of the study reveals that there is no statistical difference in the Locus of Control of bal/balika ashram and parent home adolescent students.

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Bal/Balika Ashram, Parent Home, Adolescents, Locus of Control

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The COVID-19 pandemic, which emerged in late 2019, continues to reverberate globally in 2023. This work explores the multifaceted impact of the pandemic on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), emphasizing the evolving dynamics and challenges that have emerged as the world adapts to the ongoing crisis. The pandemic disrupted progress towards several SDGs, most notably in the areas of health, education, and economic inequality. Further, the COVID-19 pandemic wrought a profound impact on entrepreneurship and social change, catalyzing a surge in digital transformation, the rapid rise of innovative startups addressing pandemic- specific needs, a notable shift towards remote work and collaboration technologies, and a heightened focus on healthcare and biotechnology innovation. Entrepreneurs also leveraged this moment to champion social impact initiatives, with startups addressing issues like food insecurity, mental health, and community support. The pandemic further heightened environmental awareness and sustainability concerns, necessitated policy and regulatory adaptations, spurred interest in supply chain resilience, and triggered shifts in consumer behavior, propelling new business models. The imperative of mental health and well-being drove the growth of digital mental health services and wellness products. Collectively, COVID-19 reshaped the landscape of entrepreneurship and fostered a renewed emphasis on social change and adaptability. However, Lockdown strained SDG 3 (Health), education disparities setback SDG 4 (Education), economic inequalities hindered SDG 10 (Inequality), COVID-19 posed questions for SDG 13 (Climate), gender equality (SDG 5) faced new challenges, and international cooperation (SDG 17) strained. Yet, the pandemic fostered innovation and resilience in alignment with SDG 9 (Innovation). Hence this work emphasizes the necessity for continuous research into the effects of COVID-19 on entrepreneurship, social change, and the need for policy initiatives to address the evolving impact on SDGs. As the world navigates with immediate health concerns and the pandemic's enduring consequences,it highlights the value of strategies that prioritize health, education, economic recovery, and climate resilience in shaping a more sustainable and equitable future, even a midst persisting challenges.

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Covid-19; Digital Transformation; Innovative Startups; Entrepreneurship; Social Changes; Sustainable Development goals (SDGs); Strategies

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A child's future health depends on proper nutrition during the first 1,000 days of life, as well as during pregnancy and the early years of life. According to research, the diet of the mother, weight, and lifestyle choices might affect the infant's immune system, organ development, and metabolism. Building a relationship with parents or other caregivers in a secure and loving setting, eating the right foods. The 1,000 days hold both great possibility and great fragility in a child's life. The ability of a child to develop, learn, and thrive is significantly impacted by how well or how poorly mothers and children are fed and cared for throughout this period. This review aims to discuss the importance of maternal nutrition and how it impacts the development and expansion of a child during this critical period of development, which is supported by the most recent literature.

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child's future health, 1,000 days, maternal nutrition and critical period

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Gladiolus (Gladiolus Species) is herbaceous plant belonging to the family Iridaceae .It is important bulbouls plant used for cut flowers.In Gladiolus flower production technology ,dormancy of corm is one of the important factor .With this object study was undertaken to treat the corms by using various chemicals and growth regulators for better growth, good quality of cut flowers production. A field experiment was conducted at Bharati Vidyapeeths College of Horticulture, Kadegaon , in Randomized Block design with three replications and twelve treatments. The treatments given to gladioli corms before planting comprised of GA3(100 and 200 ppm), Ethrel (100 and 200 ppm), Thiourea (500 and 1000 ppm), KNO3, (1000 and 2000 ppm), BA (25 and 50 ppm), Water soaking and control (without any treatment). However, higher corm and cormel yield was obtained under BA 50 ppm treatment.

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Gladiolus, Chemicals, Growth Regulators, Sprouting, Corm Yield

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Study showed that the problems faced and its extent with respect to various major aspects of house design viz., problems related to house design in general entrance and stairs, bedroom, bathroom and water closet and kitchen were recorded. When the selected respondents asked to indicate their response with respect to above variable less than 25.00 per cent have considered them as a problem causing variables and majority of the selected respondents (more than 75.00%) have considered them as not problematic. For problems related to house in general and bedroom male and female revealed more or less similar mean percentage i.e. 25.83, 24.00 and 20.17, 20.56 respectively. Problems with respect to entrance and stairs bathroom and water closet and kitchen mean percentage of male respondents found to be more than female viz., 32.75 vs 17.13, 25.69 vs 18.24 and 29.60 vs 21.38 respectively. However, irrespective of gender problems related to kitchen was found to be the highest with the mean per cent of 22.85. However t-value for gender difference for various problems faced was not significant. Thus statistically male and female do not differ for problems faced with respect to various aspects of house design.

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Residential interior, general entrance, stairs, bedroom, water closet, kitchen , living room etc.

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Agriculture is a cornerstone of many economies worldwide, yet gender disparities in agricultural activities and decision-making processes persist. The present study was conducted in Milkipur block of Ayodhya district in Uttar Pradesh to find out decision making activities performed by men and women in farm activities and understand gender role in deferent activities. The major outcome of the study were the majority of respondents (58.82%) belong to the middle age group (30 to 50 years) belongs to the nuclear family (77.45%) and most of them (60.78) were illiterate. After analysis of data it was clear that most of the decisions related to farm activities as number of crop, area for each crop, its variety, seed treatment practice, fertilizer application, irrigation timings and plant protection measures were taken by husband only (78.77%) followed joint decision (12.7%) taken with their wife or other family members. The decisions related to animal husbandry like number and breed of draught and milch animals were mainly taken by men (68.02%) followed by joint decision (20.84%). In the same manner decisions related to money matters again dominated by men with average 69.12 percent followed by joint decision with average 23.04 percent. In all criteria only few women were found who take their own decisions with average percentage of 6.26, 11.28 and 7.84 respectively.

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Gender, Participation in Decision Making of Farm Activities- A Comparative Study

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Education is the foundation stone for the development of an economy. The Indian higher education system is the world's third largest, providing education and training in almost every discipline. From 3.85 crore in 2019-20, the total number of students enrolled in higher education has climbed to about 4.14 crore in 2020-21. The number of students enrolled has increased significantly by almost 72 lakh (21%) from 2014-15. But still India is unable to improve basic problems of higher educational institutes, ultimately it resulted in unemployment among youth. As per the new mission of Atmanirbhar Bharat, there is a need to make the people of India selfreliant. So, there is need to improve the standard of higher education to train fresh graduates in new skills. Beside it, the India's target of Atmanirbhar Bharat can be achieved only if government, industry and academia come together and form a golden triangle. Through This paper, an attempt is made to highlight the important initiatives taken by the government for the promotion of higher education in India and its effect on gross enrollment ratio.

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Education, GER, Atmanirbhar Bharat

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The NBFC sector is about to undergo a dramatic transformation propelled by cutting-edge technology like automation and artificial intelligence (AI). A more complex picture is emerging, notwithstanding the concerns of some that these developments could result in job losses. Automating routine processes like as data processing and loan eligibility checks is a possibility. But this allows NBFC staff members to concentrate on higher-value tasks. Imagine loan officers with enhanced client service and the ability to customize loan products thanks to AI-powered creditworthiness analysis tools. In a similar vein, personnel can concentrate on strategic goals and cultivating deeper customer relationships by freeing up time with automated back-office operations that streamline processes. A workforce that is more tech-savvy will be required for this tech-driven transition. NBFCs will be better equipped to navigate the future if they place a high priority on staff training and upskilling. NBFCs can guarantee that their staff members have the abilities to prosper alongside intelligent technology by promoting a culture of continuous learning, which will increase employee engagement and satisfaction.

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NBFC, Employee Engagement, Job Satisfaction, Emerging Technologies

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The research aims at examining elderly of more than 75 years of age on several issues related to ageing. By using several tests such as Wechsler's Memory Scale (Visual Reproduction I and II, Logical Memory I and II), Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (Digit Span), Beck Depression Inventory, Standardized Mini mental status examination and Lawton instrumental Activities of Daily living (IADL) issues like depression, anxiety, memory impairment are identified using interview, observation and psychological testing and assessment.

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Ageing, Gerontology, Psychology

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This study provides a comprehensive overview of crime trends and patterns in India, based on data from the National Crime Records Bureau's (NCRB) annual report, Crime in India 2022. The analysis highlights significant variations across different crime categories, including a notable decrease in crimes like 'Disobedience to Order' and 'Other IPC Crimes' while other areas, such as crimes against women and children, have seen an uptick. The paper explores the socio-economic and demographic factors influencing these trends, providing insights into regional variations and the effectiveness of law enforcement policies. This data-driven approach offers valuable implications for policymakers, law enforcement agencies, and researchers seeking to understand and mitigate crime in India.

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Crime Trends and Patterns in India: An Analysis of the National Crime Records Bureau's Report 2022

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Feminism is a social theory and political movement that was developed and initiated to tackle misogyny, sexual harassment, and sexual discrimination. Feminism criticism in literature is concerned mainly with how gender effects the creation and analysis of literary works, including stereotyping, discrimination, tyranny and patriarchy. Jane Eyre is a fictional character who has an emotional connection to Rochester, In this paper, using feminist approach and text analysis, Jane Eyre dares to pursue love, fight against unfair laws, portraying the true image of woman, the traditional symbol of the Western awakening feminist awareness, women begin to fight for their rights and desires. Charlotte Bronte's novel Jane Eyre is a well known work based on her own personal life. The author portrays a strong and independent woman who aspires to true love and equality in this novel. At that time, Jane Eyre was different from any other woman. She struggles for her life and defends her destiny in the midst of hardship and in difficult situations. Jane Eyre's character was very different from male-dominated society of the Victorian period. She stands for a young woman who dares to fight for her love and rights. This paper argues that Jane's transformation into a feminist in seeking autonomy, equality, and love is gradually influenced by the historical, cultural, and contemporary background of the Victorian era and key points of feminism, as well as the events of Victorian period.

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Feminism, Charlotte Bronte, Jane Eyre, Love, Victorian Period.

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Banana cultivation is a significant agricultural activity in many tropical and subtropical countries, leading to substantial agricultural waste in the form of banana stems and pseudo-stems. These by-products are often discarded, contributing to environmental pollution. However, recent advancements have shown that banana fiber, derived from these wastes, has immense potential in various industries such as textiles, paper, composites, and bioenergy. This review explores the potential of banana fiber waste, its properties, extraction methods, and diverse applications. It also highlights the economic and environmental benefits of utilizing banana fiber waste, thus promoting sustainable agricultural practices.

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Banana Fiber, Sustainability, Biodegradable

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Photoperiod, Petalocephala, development, Neem.

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The curriculum at any stage of education provides platform to carry out teaching-learning process in classrooms. The curriculum receives inputs from various fields of the society and its formulating bodies. The curriculum for preparation of teachers in TEP is essential for school education and other stages of education. Efforts at global and National levels were taken for strengthening curriculum of TEP. Even the UGC, NCTE, NCERT, NAAC etc. are providing inputs in the curriculum in different ways. The NEP 2020 also indicated and recommend for Teacher Education Curriculum along with school education curriculum. Formulation and strengthening curriculum of TEP require to consider SDGs, STEAM, removal of Social Problems, Integration with other levels of Education, Teacher Education for Higher Education, Career Guidance, Stipend to Student-teachers for Internship etc. Curriculum strengthening through such aspects must lad to well preparation of student-teachers and their better performance in school education.

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Curriculum, Student-teacher, Teacher Education Programme, Curriculum frameworks

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The paper assess the geopolitical significance of the Horn of Africa (HoA) stems from its strategic location, natural resources, socio-economic complexities, political instability, international influence, and humanitarian concerns. Understanding these factors is crucial for comprehending the region's dynamics and the complex interactions that shape its geopolitical landscape. Addressing the region's challenges requires concerted efforts from both regional actors and the international community to promote stability, economic development, and security. As a critical nexus for global trade routes and security, developments in the Horn of Africa have far-reaching implications beyond its borders. The Horn of Africa sits at a critical juncture between the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden, and the Indian Ocean. This geographic position gives it control over major maritime routes, including the Aden-Suez Canal route, which is crucial for global trade, particularly oil transportation. The Horn of Africa is rich in natural resources such as potash, diamonds, and increasingly significant discoveries of oil and gas reserves. These resources attract international interest but also contribute to local economic disparities and conflicts over resource control.

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Power Practice and Geopolitics of Horn of Africa

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