Volume 12 | Issue 6

 Abstract

In the unstable terrain of displacement, refugees are continually confronted with instability, a desire to belong, and the emotional burden of being uprooted. This article explores Abdulrazak Gurnah's and Caryl Phillips' complex portraits of migrants in postcolonial literature. By methodically analyzing chosen novels such as Gurnah's By the Sea and Desertion, as well as Phillips' Crossing the River and Higher Ground, the study investigates the various vulnerabilities that constitute the refugee experience. Gurnah's evocative narratives, rooted in the colonial past, reveal the fears and precarious lives of immigrants faced with a new world. C Caryl Phillips, on the other hand, takes a larger approach, weaving together the stories of persons from many backgrounds to reveal the universality of displacement while also acknowledging its various forms. By examining how the writers use literary strategies to create empathy and understanding for their characters, the paper provides light on the emotional anguish, ongoing negotiation of identity, and need for belonging that define the refugee experience. It believes that the accounts not only illustrate refugees' ongoing struggles, but also encourage readers to recognise their humanity and confront the complexities of displacement in contemporary society.

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Vulnerability, Postcolonialism, Humanity, Displacement, Refugee.

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We take various activities for reading in school. Listening, speaking, reading and writing skills are very important for the students. The students in the class were making mistakes while reading the passage and writing the answers to the questions below. And definitely this activity benefited the students.

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Transcript

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This study focuses on worker output and company success through emotion understanding. Emotional intelligence is the capacity to identify and control individual feelings alongside sentiments from other people is currently seen as important when trying to build interpersonal dynamics, effective dialogue, or mere productivity in jobs. It also focuses on how it effects within the workplace outcomes like job satisfaction, teamwork, leadership effectiveness, and conflict resolution at workplace. Conflicts are inevitable in every business setup. Therefore, in achieving this, it is significant for workers to have high EI since through this they can handle them better. They are able to understand the emotions involved, mediate between disputing parties and thus come up with solutions that appease all sides thereby maintaining good relations among people working together. The main aim of this study on emotional intelligence of employees in the workplace is to understand how emotional intelligence influences various aspects of organizational effectiveness and employee well-being. The survey was conducted on employees and data was collected using convenience sampling method. To analyses the data, statistical method such as "chi - square" is used. The chi square test revealed an association between gender and age.

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Emotional intelligence, employee wellbeing, chi square test

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This research delves into the evaluation of Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) in Pick-Fill-Seal machines at UPL Ltd, a leading agrochemical company. OEE stands as a pivotal metric in manufacturing, assessing equipment efficiency via availability, performance, and quality factors. The primary aim of this study is to ascertain current OEE levels and analyze operational parameters influencing efficiency. Methodology involved an exhaustive survey, gathering data from operational records and insights from UPL Ltd staff. Survey data enabled precise OEE calculation and analysis of availability, performance, and quality. Rigorous statistical analysis explored relationships between parameters such as maintenance schedules, operator efficiency, downtime, and environmental conditions, and their impacts on OEE. Results reveal acceptable OEE levels in Pick-Fill-Seal machines, with significant scope for improvement. Machine downtime and maintenance efficiency emerged as primary influencers. In conclusion, it was recommended to adopt measures like enhanced maintenance protocols, comprehensive operator training, and advanced monitoring systems implementation. This study not only evaluates Pick-Fill-Seal machine OEE but also offers actionable insights for manufacturing efficiency enhancement. The ultimate aim of the research work was to aid the plant in the enhancing manufacturing processes, fostering increased productivity and operational excellence. It emphasizes holistic equipment management and continuous optimization for superior operational performance.

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Availability, downtime, maintenance, overall equipment effectiveness (OEE), performance quality, reliability.

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Arthrospira platensis, Penisetum purpureum, nutritional quality; general pigments

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INTRODUCTION: Mohan Das Karamchand Gandhi was a great leader, a practical philosopher and a socio political reformer of the modern India. The father of the nation, as he is called, was the apostle of peace and non-violence and a campion of freedom movement.

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Philosophy, Gandhi, Curriculum, Teaching Method, Discipline, Basic Education.

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Hypermarket retail stores are a burgeoning trend in India's rapidly expanding retail landscape. With India emerging as a high-growth retail market, companies are deploying diverse promotional tactics to gain a competitive edge. Among the prominent players, Big Bazaar and Reliance Retail Ltd. have significantly expanded their presence. This study explores various sales promotion strategies employed by these retailers and their impacts. It examines how these strategies not only attract new consumers but also effectively counter competition in the market. The research conducted is descriptive in nature, involving primary data collection from Ranchi of both stores. A structured questionnaire comprising multiple-choice and open-ended questions was utilized. Findings reveal that both Big Bazaar and Reliance Retail Ltd. utilize promotional strategies aimed at short-term sales boosts and enticing initial trials. Branded packaged goods play a pivotal role in their promotional endeavors, underscoring substantial growth opportunities for both retailers. Additionally, assortment strategies are integral, reflecting the aggressive nature of their promotional efforts. The study also proposes several recommendations based on its findings, aimed at further enhancing the effectiveness of sales promotion strategies for Big Bazaar and Reliance Ltd. in the competitive retail environment.

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Promotional Strategies, hyper retail-stores, Retailing, Big Bazaar, Reliance

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Quality of sleep, Hot water foot bath therapy, Elderly people

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The hydraulic performance of culverts on Indian roads is influenced by backwater conditions. This paper investigates the hydraulic efficiency of rectangular and arch culvers in the specific context of Indian road conditions. The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the performance of widening and enhancing drainage on Indian highways. This study uses numerical simulations to assess the hydraulics of large-diameter and narrow-segment canals. The secondary objective is to investigate how the hydraulic performance is impacted by different backwater environments. The main objective of this paper is to compare the hydraulic performances of rectangular, arch, and narrow canals in the context of the Indian road condition. A case study is presented on the environmental assessment of fish passage through a narrow channel. The results are compared with the results of a case study in which a fish passage is simulated under a wide channel. It is found that a large proportion of the fish passages in a single channel are culverted. The hydraulic efficiency is a function of the backwater condition. The analysis of hydraulic efficiency reveals that the hydraulic characteristics of the narrow channel have a significant impact on flood mitigation. The study provides valuable insights for civil engineers, transportation planners, and policymakers involved in road infrastructure development and management in India. This work contributes to the understanding of how hydraulics can be evaluated for flood mitigation in the Indian context, providing valuable insight for highway engineering, transportation planning, and decision makers involved in flood management efforts in rural areas of India.

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hydraulic performance, widening, enhancing drainage, narrow-segment canals, flood mitigation

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Capital budgeting is a critical function in financial management, encompassing strategies and methodologies that guide investment decision-making for long-term projects and fixed assets. This analysis explores various approaches to capital budgeting used by organizations, focusing on how financial managers evaluate and prioritize investment opportunities to maximize shareholder value and achieve strategic objectives. Key components such as Traditional methods, cash flow estimation, risk assessment, and the application of discounted cash flow techniques (e.g., NPV, IRR) are discussed. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of a structured and rigorous capital budgeting process in ensuring sound financial decisions and sustainable business growth in dynamic economic environments.

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capital budgeting strategies, investment decision making, financial management, dynamic economic environments

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Vaishvikaran Ka Manav Adhikaro Per Prabhav

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Vaishvikaran Ka Manav Adhikaro Per Prabhav

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Abstract:- This Research Investigate the uses of polyherb transdermal patches for wound healing, Wound healing is a complex biological process that consists of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. The in-vivo wound healing efficacy of the polyherb patch was observed to perform better in terms of wound closure after 14 days as compared to conventional cotton gauze. Methodology includes the combination of tulsi, neem& alove vera extract with Excipients methanol, PEG, HPMC, Chloroform, propylene glycol etc. are steer with the help of magnetic stirrer. And then dry the mixture in hot air oven at 50 degree Celsius. neem showed significant changes in the healing process by enhancing the proliferation phase. The anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal, and anti-viral characteristics of neem's active components, such as nimbidin, nimbin, and nimbidol, aid in promoting the healing of wounds. We also find out that Aloe Vera is effective In inhibiting inflammatory reaction by inhibition of IL-6 and IL-8, it reduces the adhesion of WBC and also decrease TNF alpha Levels. Aloe Vera increases amount of collagen in wound and also tends to change composition of collagen. It Also increases the cross linking then hence it promotes wound healing. Various Research Study and Surveys States that there are Topical and Transdermal Medicated Formulation for Dealing with Treatment of Skin Infections but this Study States the Transdermal Drug Delivery System Has wide range of Advantages over Topical Formulation. This TDDS has wide scope in future so it involves various New Approaches like Iontophoresis, Photomechanical waves etc.

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KEYWORDS:- Ocimum sanctum, Azadirachta indica, Transdermal patches, wound healing,

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Global investors and governments are placing increasing emphasis on environmentally responsible finance. Investors are now considering factors beyond simple risk and return, while businesses strive to operate in a responsible and sustainable manner. Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles assess a company's overall responsibility for various environmental and social issues. This study delves into the concept of "Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reporting" (BRSR) within the ESG framework, focusing on its implementation in four selected Indian Power Sector companies. Considering the critical role of the power sector and its substantial environmental impact, an in-depth examination of the disclosures made by prominent energy companies in India was undertaken. This involved conducting a content analysis of the Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reports (BRSR) submitted by these companies. The study specifically examines principles 2 and 6 within the BRSR reports. Findings reveal that under principle 2, all companies present their reports in a favourable manner. Regarding principle 6, companies tend to be more transparent about areas where they have demonstrated improvement.

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ESG, Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reporting (BRSR), Power Sector, Sustainability, Environmental, Social, and Governance Reporting

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Background: Within the range of headache diseases, cervicogenic headaches pose a unique difficulty. It is characterized by pain that radiates from the cervical spine to the brain known to have complex musculoskeletal and neurological etiology, the upper cervical spine more especially, the suboccipital region is oftentimes identified as a key anatomical location involved in the origin of severe headaches. The suboccipital region is home to an intricate network of neuronal pathways, muscles, and ligaments. This region's dysfunction is frequently cause cervicogenic headaches, which is how the skull base release approach came to be. This therapy approach targets the musculoskeletal structures and neural pathways within the upper cervical spine particularly in order to address these subtleties. Materials and Methods: The Study Design is Experimental study design which includes age ranged from 18 to 30.The 60 subjects was selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria and equally divided into two groups Group A (15 men and 15 women by using topical analgesics in conjunction with cranial base release) Group B consisted of (15 male and 15 female patients who only underwent cranial base release). They complained of headaches when they went to the Mittal Hospital in Aligarh; a neurologist diagnosed them and recommended physiotherapy. Every patient got information regarding potential risks and give their informed consent to participate. Results: The result shows that values of pre-test and post-test NPRS scores reduced significantly thus concluding experimental Group A was significant than experimental group B. The experimental group A is significant than control group B. Conclusion: This study investigated the effectiveness of cranio-base release with or without topical analgesic in cervicogenic headache among young adults. The experimental group-A i.e. topical analgesic with CBR reduced pain significantly as compared to pre and post test. Both genders received the same level of prognosis in this investigation. Hence, null hypothesis is rejected and alternate hypothesis is accepted.

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CBR, Cervicogenic headache, Topical Analgesic, Counter irritant.

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Natural substrate compost on the growth of beans plant is one of the most important factors for determining the suitability of any type of compost for agriculture use and control of environmental contamination. During the present study, the preparation of compost by using various natural substrates was done. The natural substrates used for the study, includes, Fermented fruit juice, lactic acid, oriental herbal nutrient, amino acid, cow dung and born meal powder. All the ingredients are mixed in the ratio of 1:1 to the garden soil. For the experiment study, four beans' seeds were used and observed for 2 months to study the changes in the overall growth parameters. One control was also maintained to observe the changes for the comparison. From the experimental results, it can conclude that, 75 gm and 50 gm natural substract compost treatments were found to be effective on overall growth of beans plant in comparison with the control. From the study, it suggests that, the appropriate ratio of soil and natural substrate compost will helps in the effective transformation of crop yield in the agronomy sector.

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Natural substrates compost, Beans seeds, Germination Index, plant growth.

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With increasing pollution all over the world, the protection of the environment is a major concern or need of ours. For the protection of the environment, various innovations and experiments have been conducted around the world. Among the various innovations, treatments of titanium dioxide on the waste plastic-coated hot mixed bituminous concrete are one of them. Titanium dioxide is one of the important compounds that have different advantages. One of the advantages of titanium dioxide is that it helps to remove smog from the air when it comes to exposure to ultraviolet light. To clean the air by removing smog, nitrogen oxide should be converted into a less harmful substance, i.e., the nitrate ion. Then the nitrate ion creates nitric acid, which then reacts with grout to form a harmless neutral salt. The whole process is very slow, naturally. The presence of titanium oxide speeds up the reaction. Titanium oxide acts as a catalyst when added to the substance during the reaction. It acts as a photo catalyst, which means it will increase the speed of reaction when light is also present. Waste plastic coated in a bituminous mix enhances the properties and strength of the bitumen. It also provides a solution to handle and dispose of plastic waste, which is a major issue nowadays. The waste plastic is added to hot bitumen with titanium oxide, which helps in pavement construction. This not only increases the strength of the pavement but also increases Waste plastic-coated hot bituminous concrete with titanium dioxide acts as a sustainable material in the construction industry

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Hot mixed bitumen concrete, photo catalyst, Titanium dioxide, Waste Plastic Materials

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Incorporating mindfulness into nursing education is essential for addressing stress and burnout in aspiring nurses. This initiative provides students with skills such as body scan meditation, reflective journaling, loving-kindness meditation, and mindful breathing to improve mental health, resilience, and empathy. Stressing coping mechanisms and a growth mindset helps develop resilience against obstacles in the workplace. Including mindfulness in the curriculum and clinical simulations enhances focus and improves the quality of patient care. Workshops and seminars encourage healthy lifestyles and sustainable work-life balance. In the end, mindfulness training equips nurses with the knowledge and skills necessary to manage stress and deliver compassionate, high-quality care, improving patient outcomes and creating a supportive healthcare environment.

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nursing students, burnout, and mindfulness

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Modernization is something what is uttered world widely with its dynamic and multifaceted nature. Modernization is a roller coaster ride through time and period. It's like a kaleidoscope for the upgradation of norms, values, institutions, technology, communication, and infrastructure. Modernization is like the incredible wave of a sea that brings transformation in our lives. It is a widespread term that is also used to mention about new ideas, fresh viewpoints, embracing progress, developing thinking, influence the socialization and many more. As an ongoing and never-ending process; modernization is characterized by the adaptation of new technologies, socio-economic structures, cultural norms, change in way people live, in workplace, transition of rural to urban centres, shifting of agrarian to industrial economics etc. We will look how modernization influence our daily routines and habits. From the way we work to the way we shop; technology has made our lives more convenient and attainable. The following research paper focuses on how modernization act as an agent of social change.

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Modernization, Social Change, Family, Education, Culture

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This research paper explores the attitudes of school students towards yoga before and after intervention. Students from low-income social backgrounds from government schools were the population of this study. The results showed that after three months of yoga intervention, there was a positive shift in attitude towards yoga. The study offers suggestions for including yoga in school curricula to improve students' physical and mental health as well as their attitude about the practice of yoga.

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Yoga, students. Attitude, Asana, Pranayama

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Introduction: The integration of modern technology into traditional enterprises in the Birbhum district has significantly boosted tribal entrepreneurship, leveraging cultural heritage and traditional skills. Mobile technology and internet connectivity have enabled local artisans to sell products online, transcending geographical boundaries. Objectives: The study evaluates technology adoption in tribal communities, identifies key tools for entrepreneurial activities, assesses the economic impact of tech-driven entrepreneurship, analyzes challenges faced by tribal entrepreneurs, and suggests strategies for enhancing technological integration to empower these communities economically. Methodology: This study uses a qualitative approach and thematic analysis to analyze policy documents and secondary data on tech-driven entrepreneurship in Birbhum District, identifying patterns and themes related to technology adoption and economic empowerment. Findings: The study reveals that tech-driven entrepreneurship has increased household income by 25% in tribal communities involved in digital marketplaces and online businesses. However, barriers like lack of digital literacy and inadequate infrastructure hinder widespread adoption. Current policies show moderate effectiveness, with 60% satisfaction rate among beneficiaries. Conclusion: Tech-driven entrepreneurship in Birbhum District is empowering tribal communities through improved market access and financial transactions. However, barriers like digital literacy and infrastructure need to be addressed for broader economic benefits, necessitating further policy enhancements focusing on technical support and infrastructure.

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Tech-driven entrepreneurship, technology adoption, economic empowerment, tribal communities, Birbhum District, digital inclusion, digital literacy, policy analysis.

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