Volume 12 | Issue 5

 Abstract

The current study aims to compare the classic plastic straw with the new paper straw which is meant to be helpful for the environment. The product entered the market with hopes of revolutionizing it and decreasing plastic waste drastically. The comparison entails differential analysis on the aspects of product satisfaction, impact on the environment and overall usefulness of the product. Through the questionnaire circulated and research on the matter, it was observed that paper straws are not that good of a product previously proclaimed to be.

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 Keywords

Paper straw, differential analysis, plastic waste.

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The importance for innovative and sustainable building materials has been brought to light by the city's fast development and growing demand for robust infrastructure. An essential part of infrastructure, concrete is prone to deterioration and cracking over time, creating maintenance issues as well as environmental problems. The possibility of self-healing concrete as a viable option for environmentally friendly infrastructure construction is investigated in this study. The inherent capacity of self-healing concrete to self-heal microcracks increases its longevity and lessens the need for regular maintenance and repairs. The purpose of this research is to determine whether encapsulated healing agents and mineral precipitation caused by bacteria are two examples of self-healing processes that may be used to extend the life and improve the mechanical characteristics of concrete buildings. Laboratory tests are used in the study technique to evaluate the mechanical strength, healing effectiveness, and longevity of self-healing concrete specimens in various environmental settings. In addition, the viability from an economic and environmental standpoint of using self-healing concrete in major building projects will be assessed.

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 Keywords

Self-Healing Concrete, Urbanization, Resilient Infrastructure, Concrete Degradation, Cracking, Durability, Microcrack Repair

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This research paper examines the psychological effects of animated media on audiences of different ages. Drawing upon psychological theories and empirical studies, the paper explores how animated content influences cognitive development, emotional responses, and social behaviours. It investigates the role of animation in shaping perceptions, attitudes, and behaviours, as well as its potential impact on mental health and well-being. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, the paper aims to provide insights into the psychological mechanisms underlying the consumption of animated media and its implications for individuals and society.

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 Keywords

Animated media, Animation, Psychology, Cognitive development, Emotional responses, Mental Health.

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This paper focuses on creating a smarter ceiling vacuum cleaner bot by using microcontrollers to manage its power system. Microcontrollers act like the brains of the bot, helping it use energy wisely while cleaning ceilings & coordinating the operation of various components such as motors, and sensors.

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Microcontroller,Battery,Motors

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper examines the theme of cultural hybridity and the struggle for identity in Fadia Fakir's novel My Name is Salma (also published as The Cry of the Dove). Through the lens of postcolonial theory, the paper explores how the protagonist, Salma, navigates the complexities of her identity as she transitions from her Bedouin community in the Middle East to a life in exile in England. The analysis highlights how Salma embodies hybridity, both culturally and psychologically, as she attempts to reconcile her traditional upbringing with the demands of a modern Western society. The novel is dissected to uncover the ways in which Fakir addresses the conflicts that arise from cultural collisions and the often-painful process of identity formation in a space that is neither wholly Eastern nor Western. Using a textual analysis and theoretical framework from Bhabha's notions of hybridity, the study argues that My Name is Salma serves as a poignant exploration of the challenges of living in-between cultures

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 Keywords

Hybridity, Identity, Arab-American, Fadia Faqir, My Name is Salma.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In our rapidly advancing world, the integration of technology into everyday objects has become increasingly prevalent, revolutionizing the way we interact with our surroundings. This project presents an innovative solution: an IoT-based smart mirror powered by Arduino and ESP8266, designed to enhance daily life. By harnessing the capabilities of the Internet of Things (IoT), this smart mirror serves as more than just a reflective surface--it becomes a dynamic hub of information and control. The mirror is equipped with sensors to monitor vital health parameters such as temperature and heartbeat, providing users with real-time feedback on their well-being. Additionally, it displays relevant data and events, seamlessly integrating into users' daily routines. The NodeMCU, programmed using the Arduino IDE, acts as the bridge between the mirror and the internet, enabling remote access and control via a mobile application or voice commands. This versatility empowers users to manage home appliances with ease, whether through manual input or automated responses triggered by sensor data. As the boundaries between physical and digital realms blur, this IoT smart mirror exemplifies the potential for technology to augment our lives, offering convenience, efficiency, and peace of mind. Through the convergence of hardware, software, and connectivity, it embodies the essence of modern living in an interconnected world.

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 Keywords

IoT, Smart Mirror, Arduino, ESP8266, Home Automation, Internet Connectivity, Sensor Integration, Health Monitoring, User Interface, Mobile Application, Voice Control, Remote Access, Automation, Convenience, Daily Life Enhancement.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The purpose of this project is to design and construct automatic missile detection and destroying system. This system is designed to detect the target (missile) and any other objects moving in multiple directions. The target destroying system moves automatically in the direction of missile or object and fires it upon fixing the target. This system consists of an intelligent sonar-based object tracking system that continuously monitors the target. Upon detecting the target it checks for temperature and sends the target's location to a Central Control System. The Central Control System takes the action of moving the firing mechanism in the direction of object target (missile). Upon fixing the direction, it sends the control command to firing system for attacking the target. This project comes with two modes such as Automatic mode and Manual mode in former mode detecting and firing is done automatically and in latter everything will be done by humans. In this project we are making use of ultrasonic radar system and a DC geared motor driven firing unit interfaced with a Microcontroller based control unit. We prefer ultrasonic sensor to because the Ultrasonic sensors covers larger sensing distance and it can detect the target in all the lighting conditions (day or night).And this system is also covered with Accelerometer sensor for gesture controlled firing system. The system is also enabled with live stream camera and IOT communicator.

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 Keywords

Machine learning, Internet of things

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The comprehensive study on exports in Tata Motors Limited and Mahindra & Mahindra Limited delves into the pivotal role exports play in driving economic growth, fostering international trade relationships, and enhancing the competitiveness of nations in the global marketplace. This study explores the significance of exports throughout history, from ancient trading routes to modern global supply chains, highlighting their contribution to job creation, technological advancement, and overall economic development. In contemporary times, exports have become even more critical as countries seek to integrate into the global economy, attract foreign investment, and reduce poverty through increased trade opportunities. The study focuses on two prominent players in the Indian automotive industry: Tata Motors Limited and Mahindra & Mahindra Limited. Tata Motors, part of the Tata Group, is a multinational automotive company producing a wide range of vehicles, including cars, trucks, vans, and buses. Mahindra & Mahindra, a flagship company of the Mahindra Group, is known for its expertise in manufacturing utility vehicles, tractors, and agricultural machinery. Export-oriented strategies are analyzed within the context of these companies' operations, emphasizing their efforts to leverage comparative advantages, expand market reach, and navigate challenges in international trade. Despite facing obstacles such as regulatory complexities and market competition, both Tata Motors and Mahindra & Mahindra demonstrate resilience and adaptability in pursuing global opportunities. Ultimately, this study underscores the critical role of exports in driving economic growth and fostering innovation in the automotive industry. By exploring the export activities of Tata Motors and Mahindra & Mahindra, this study provides valuable insights into the complexities and opportunities of international trade, shaping strategies for future growth and competitiveness in the global marketplace.

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 Keywords

Exports, Tata Motors Limited, Mahindra & Mahindra Limited, Economic Growth, International Trade Relationships, Global Competitiveness, Economic Development, Global Supply Chains, Foreign Investment, Poverty Reduction, Indian Automotive Industry, Comparative Advantages, Regulatory Complexities, Market Competition, Innovation.

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 Abstract

As we know that each and every object in the universe is made up of Panchamahabhutas with predominance of one Mahabhuta along with other four Mahabhutas.1 That's why all the objects in the universe are divided into Akashiya, Vayavya, Agneya, Jaliya and Parthiva.2 Human body is a part of universe and it is also made up of Panchamahabhutas. Ahara that we eat and the Dravyas we administer to treat the Vyadhis also made up of Panchachamahabhuta. In the human body Panchamahabhutas represents the Dosha, Dhatu, Mala etc. So, understanding of Panchamahabhutas at different levels are very important to understand basic composition, structure and functions of the universe and human body. Panchamahabhutas are also helpful in understanding and treating the disease successfully. So here an attempt is made to understand Mahabhutas at atomic, cellular level and their application at different fields and in the human body.

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 Keywords

Panchamahabhuta,Atom,Cell,Chikitsa

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Background: Spinal cord injury (henceforth SCI) often results in a lifetime loss of body functions. SCI is a major cause of disability around the world. SCI may lead to serious disability in the patient resulting in loss of work. This, in turn, results in psychosocial and economic problems. So our study aims to explore the impact and the issues associated with existing assistive devices among individuals with spinal cord injury. Methods: This mixed-method study aimed to explore the need for assistive devices and the use and impact of the existing orthosis commonly used by individuals with spinal cord injuries towards improving mobility function. Results: Most of the individuals with SCI depend on one kind of assistive device for the mobility. The participants also require additional modifications to the existing devices to suit their need. Conclusion: A sustainable assistive device is necessary to help an individual to manage the disability due to loss of mobility after a spinal cord injury.

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 Keywords

Assistive devices, Orthosis, Spinal cord injury

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

liposomes are the microscopic vesicles in which an aqueous volume is entirely enclosed by a membrane of lipid molecule. Liposomes are sphere-shaped vesicles made up of one or more bilayers of phospholipid. Site-targeting sustained or controlled release, protection of pharmaceuticals from degradation and clearance, improved therapeutic benefits, and fewer harmful side effects are among the many of the advantages liposomes have over standard drug delivery systems. Currently, a number of liposomal-based drug delivery methods are clinically licensed to treat a variety of illnesses, including cancer, fungal infections, and viral infections; more liposomes have advanced to the phase of clinical testing. With continuous developments broadening their potential impact, liposomes constitute a promising platform in biotechnology and medicine, providing adaptable solutions for drug delivery, diagnostics, and other applications. This review describes liposome's structure, composition, preparation methods, and clinical applications.

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 Keywords

Liposomes, drug delivery, phospholipid.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Education is one of the basic human rights that provides the opportunity for a person to live life with dignity and honour. It is the cornerstone of society that can eradicate poverty, elevate the standard of living, and ensure a bright future for the individual and community. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights has described the right to education as a basic human right and several other international bodies have also recognized the importance of the right to education as a fundamental and human right. India's focus after independence was to ensure inclusive development for all the sections of the society which is reflected through the incorporation of several fundamental rights in the Constitution. The right to education was not directly inserted as a fundamental right from the initial period though the practice of this right was circuitously there through the application of other rights. Subsequently, the right to education was incorporated in the Constitution of India as a fundamental right through the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2002 and the RTE Act came into effect in 2010. RTE act came with many promises to make a better India but with time glitches started to appear. This paper will try to explore the problems and prospects associated with the implementation of the right to education In India. What policies the government have taken to make this right effective, how far realistic these policies are, what are the viewpoints of the stakeholders and how different perspectives can be brought under the umbrella called 'inclusion' - will be the areas of investigation. Through available data and records from different sources, observational methodology and inquisitive mind roads will be travelled to discover the conditions and consequences of one of the most precious rights of human life.

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Keywords: Education, Human Rights, Fundamental Rights, Right to Education, Government Policy, Constitutional Amendment.

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 Abstract

The researcher concluded that moderately compliant was obtained on the level of compliance on Disaster Risk Reduction and Management on disaster prevention and mitigation which highlights on early warning system in the community; and On the level of compliance on Disaster Risk Reduction and Management on disaster preparedness moderately compliant was attained. Drills and exercises for the responders was found to be neglected that requires concern. The topmost problem encountered by DRRMO personnel which affects their level of compliance on disaster risk reduction and management on disaster prevention and mitigation was outdated hazards and risk mappings in the community. The following recommendations are offered: The Local Government Unit may consider to provide additional budget for the CDRRMO in their city for the purchase of rescue equipment and accessories that can be useful when calamity occurs in the community; and The Local Government Unit may come up with a scheme to encourage the barangays to provide their own early warning systems for the residents to know when there is warning of possible calamity to avoid property damages and casualties in the locality.

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 Keywords

Disaster, Management, Risk, Damages

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Bridges stand as iconic symbols of human ingenuity, linking communities, transcending geographical barriers, and embodying the fusion of engineering excellence and artistic vision. This research paper explores the dynamic interplay between innovative bridge designs and aesthetics, elucidating the evolving trends, technologies, and creative approaches that shape contemporary bridge architecture. The paper delves into the multifaceted dimensions of bridge design, encompassing structural engineering, aesthetic considerations, environmental integration, cultural significance, and technological advancements. Through an interdisciplinary lens, it examines how engineers and architects collaborate to conceive and realize bridges that not only full-fill functional requirements but also inspire awe, evoke emotion, and enrich the built environment.

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 Keywords

Innovative, Aesthetics, Endeavor, Interdisciplinary, Symbolism, Rudimentary

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 Abstract

Carpets are the textile floor coverings that are woven using a thick fabric. A carpet is not only used as a daily object to keep a place warm or just a decorative piece in a room. Carpets have a long history, how it came to our Indian subcontinent what is its significance. This paper is an attempt to acquire the knowledge regarding the history and art of carpet manufacturing in India. Carpet manufacturing is not only an economic activity, practiced by a certain number of people. It has a religious significance, social symbol or status and cultural belief. Carpet manufacturing was patronized by the Emperor Akbar of the Mughal Sultanate. In present day, India is the third largest exporter of the carpets in the world. Millions of revenues is generated with this carpet export business. As I belong to a carpet manufacturing and exporting family so, this was my personal interest to do extensive research on carpets. This paper uses secondary sources such as books, journals, article and semi-structured and unstructured interviews with carpet weavers and exporters to meet its requirement.

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Carpet, Karkhanas, Gilim

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Using machine learning algorithms to assess user behavior and preferences, FoodBRO is an innovative food recommender system that caters to individual tastes and dietary limitations. Improve your eating experience with FoodBRO's personalized meal suggestions based on a plethora of data elements, such as your reviews, comments, and previous food purchases. In addition, the system provides customers with up-to-the-minute information about famous restaurants and trendy meals, so they can stay informed about all the current culinary trends. In order to help customers save time and effort while looking for the ideal meal, FoodBRO presents personalized suggestions based on their taste preferences and dietary requirements, streamlining the decision-making process. With its easy UI and user-friendly design, FoodBRO encourages users to find new and fascinating eating alternatives while also promoting a spirit of culinary discovery and delight. As a whole, FoodBRO is an effective and thorough food recommendation system that uses sentiment analysis to completely change the way people engage with food and their eating decisions.

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 Keywords

food recommender system, machine learning algorithms, personalized recommendations, dietary restrictions, user behavior, trending dishes, culinary exploration, dining experience.

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 Abstract

Mortality rate of ovarian cancer is highest among all gynaecological malignancies. Excision Repair Cross-Complementation Group1 (ERCC1) enzyme is an important component in Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) pathway that reflects NER repair activity level. ERCC1 expression levels in human tumor tissues may have a role in clinical resistance to platinum compound. Various studies have examined the prognostic significance of ERCC1 gene in many malignancies. However, rare studies have elucidated its prognostic role in ovarian cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the significance of ERCC1 expression in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC) patients. This study consists of 54 untreated EOC patients and 23 benign ovarian tumor. Quantitative real time RT-PCR was used to detect the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of ERCC1 in ovarian cancer tissues and their relationships with clinicopathological parameters were analysed. The association of ERCC1 expression with disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), was investigated by Kaplan Meier survival analysis. Data was statistically analysed by SPSS software. ERCC1 mRNA expression was found to be significantly higher in EOC patients as compared to benign ovarian tumor (P=0.049) and the ROC curve also confirmed its differentiating efficacy between the benign epithelial ovarian diseases and EOC. ERCC1 mRNA expression was not significantly associated with any of the clinicopathological parameters of EOC patients with exception to inflammation and histological grade where, it showed a positive trend of significance with inflammation (P=0.068), indicating an increased ERCC1 mRNA expression with presence of inflammation. However, a trend of higher ERCC1 expression was observed in well differentiated tumors as compared to moderately differentiated tumors (p=0.076) and poorly differentiated tumors (p=0.084), respectively. Moreover, there was no statistically significant correlation of ERCC1 expression with DFS (P=0.390) or OS (P=0.139) of the studied patients. The results of the study reveal that, ERCC1 can be used as a marker for differentiating patients with benign ovarian disease and EOC. However, further investigation in a larger cohort with longer follow up period is required to determine the role of ERCC1 in prognosis and prediction of therapy in EOC patients.

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 Keywords

ERCC1, Epithelial ovarian cancer, ERCC1 mRNA expression

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 Abstract

The purpose of this investigation is thus classify types of rubbish produced by restaurants and hotels, their sources or originators, negative effects on human health and environment, besides current strategies for treating waste materials.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Waste management, Sustainable development, food waste, Rural India waste generation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Multilevel inverters have emerged as essential components in modern power electronics systems, offering significant advantages in voltage and waveform quality control for various applications. This paper explores the design, analysis, and implementation of a Multilevel Inverter to address the increasing demand for efficient and flexible power conversion solutions in industries like renewable energy integration, electric transportation, and grid-tied systems. Multilevel inverters are increasingly important in power electronics due to their ability to generate high-quality voltage waveforms with reduced harmonic content. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) techniques play a pivotal role in controlling multilevel inverters. This paper focuses on the development and evaluation of simplified PWM algorithms tailored to multilevel inverter topologies. The designed PWM algorithms are simulated using MATLAB to assess their performance in terms of voltage quality, harmonic distortion, and switching losses. Comparative analyses with existing PWM techniques are conducted to highlight the advantages of the proposed simplified algorithms.

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 Keywords

Multilevel inverter, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), Power electronics, Harmonic distortion, Voltage quality, Switching losses.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The main application of bitumen is in the construction of airport, highway, and road pavements. Because bitumen is viscoelastic, temperature and the pace at which loads are applied have a significant impact on bitumen performance in pavements. The standards for bituminous binders in India are based on many empirical tests that little affect the bituminous binders' performance characteristics. This study aims to investigate the performance characteristics of bituminous binders, which are widely used in India, with respect to their rheological properties at both high and intermediate field temperatures. Variations in temperature, loading rate, and amount have all been examined in relation to the various factors that impact bituminous binders' behavior. It has been researched how the characteristics of bitumen, both unaltered and amended with crumb rubber, have changed in two regularly used grades (80-100 and 60-70). Additionally, research has been done on how age affects bituminous binders' rheological characteristics. It has been noted that the binders employed in this study meet the fatigue and rutting requirements outlined in the revised definition of Superior Performing Asphalt Pavement (super pave). The goal of the study is to comprehend how these characteristics affect bituminous materials' resistance, stability, and durability under various road conditions.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Bitumen, Rheological Properties, Performance characteristics, Binders

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition