Volume 11 | Issue 5

 Abstract

Introduction; Ventilator-associated pneumonia is one of the most frequent nosocomial infections among ventilated patients in ICUs, associated with an increase in days of ICU stay, morbidity, and mortality. Its prevention is a significant concern in every hospital. The objectives; of the study is to evaluate the effect of nursing interventional Programme on knowledge and practice regarding ventilator care bundle in prevention of ventilator associated pneumonia among staff nurses working in ICU. Method; A Pre-experimental research design is subdivision of experimental research design. With experimental one group pre-test post-test research design was adopted for this study. A total of 50 staff nurses working in ICU were selected by non-probability convenience sampling technique. Result; The overall mean difference in knowledge between pre-test and post-test is 11.76 and overall mean difference in practice between pre-test and post-test is 5.48. The calculated 't' is 48.43 and the tabulated 't' is 1.684 P<=0.05 with DF of 49 level of significance of overall knowledge and in practice the calculated 't' is 29.73 and the tabulated 't' is 1.684 P<=0.05 with DF of 49 level of significance. The correlation (r) value 0.92 & 0.58 indicated positive correlation between pre-test and post-test knowledge and practice. In knowledge, chi-square values for educational status, years of experience, clinical experience in ICU and ICU training found that there is significant association between them. Hence hypothesis H3 is accepted. In practice, chi-square values for years of experience, clinical experience in ICU and ICU training were found that there is significant association between them. Hence hypothesis H3 is accepted. Interpretation and conclusion; Analysis data shows that Post-test level of knowledge and practice score is increased. Investigator concludes that nursing interventional programme can be an effective method of increased knowledge and practice regarding ventilator care bundle among staff nurses working in ICU.

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ventilator care bundle; ventilator associated pneumonia; nursing interventional programme; knowledge, practice

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Abstract: The creams are considered an important part of the cosmetic product as a topical preparation since ancient times due to their relief on the skin and its removal. From cosmetic purposes, Medicinal creams have a variety of applications such as cleansing, beautifying, changing appearance, moisturizing etc. protect the skin against bacteria, fungal infections and heal cuts, burns, sores on the skin. These fragile arrangements are safe for public and private use. Human skin is vulnerable to damage but has the potential to heal itself. However, a natural healing process can take time and there is also a risk of infection especially in the early stages of injury. In such cases, medicinal creams can be applied to the injured area to speed up the healing process and prevent the wound from becoming infected. In this review, we focus on the application of the drug delivery system to the topics, namely wound healing creams with a detailed discussion on wound healing process, appropriate methods of correcting creams, their classification based on their function, their advantages and disadvantages, features and different types of creams, creams used in creams and its various exploration parameters. Creams are considered an important part of the cosmetic product as topical preparations from time immemorial due to their relief on the skin and its removal. From cosmetic purposes, healing creams have a variety of applications such as cleansing, beautifying, changing appearance, moisturizing etc. protect the skin against bacteria, fungal infections and heal cuts, burns, sores on the skin. These fragile systems are safe for both public and private use. Human skin is at risk of injury but has the potential to heal itself. However, a natural healing process can take time and there is also a risk of infection especially in the early stages of injury. In such cases, therapeutic creams can be applied to the injured area to speed up the healing process and prevent the wound from becoming infected. In this review, we focus on the application of the drug delivery system to the topics, namely wound healing creams with a detailed discussion of the wound healing process, appropriate methods of repairing creams, their classification based on their function, their advantages and disadvantages, differences. Types and ingredients of creams, ingredients and creams and creams and their test parameters.

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Cream, Cosmetics, Skin, Advanced Drug Delivery Program, Wound Healing etc.

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Gaming which was introduced as an entertainment thing only, has gained a remarkable significance and influence in the development of youth in modern era. Today the gaming industry is the biggest revenue generating across the globe and now with the introduction of Artificial Intelligence in the field of game technology since 20th century, one cannot overlook the phenomenal role it has played in the gaming experiences. Since, it is very difficult to define the meaning of realistic game experience which usually refers to the intelligence of Non-player characters (NPCs) in the game and absorption of real world view in the gaming world but by integrating graphics and Artificial Intelligence (A.I) and collecting data on different player's experiences on different situations. Due to this the application of A.I has increasingly widened in the field, which greatly encourages its development. This paper discusses the advancements of Artificial Intelligence in the field of game technology mentioning history of integrating Artificial Intelligence (A.I) into gaming technology and Artificial Intelligence (A.I) techniques in gaming technology which are notable such as Procedural content generation (PCG), Non-player characters (NPCs) and so on. Here we included the problem with advancement of Artificial Intelligence in the gaming industry among the youth and purpose of the study with seeking answers to some questions which came into the mind in the research paper making and going on with how actually Artificial Intelligence (A.I) is being applied in the field of gaming technology with the aim of improving player experience and following is the challenges and future directions or aspects discussed in the last with conclusion of the whole

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Artificial Intelligence (A.I), Gaming technology, A.I Techniques, Player Experiences.

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The Mini turbine engine is an fuel combustion Engine which uses a Brayton cycle to run the cycles of the engine, in this specific scenario the Turbocharger of an IC engine has been used in a way so that it can optimally run The Brayton Cycle. The turbocharger is a very useful accessory of the IC engine which increases the efficiency of the engine by providing forced induction into the engine without actually depriving the engine performance of its own energy like in the case of a Supercharger. The Compressor (The cold side) and The Turbine (The hot side), of a Turbocharger are connected within which a combustion chamber is provided to sufficiently run The Brayton cycle. The Main aim and scope of this paper is to superimpose separated results to get integrated systems seek to reach the overall advanced design and benefits by integrating: (a) Physics, Aero, and Stealth Thermodynamics in simulations by flying unmanned or manned prototypes supported by artificial intelligence and Computer Simulations based on: (b) Component R&D of Turbo and Jet-Engines, Airframe, Helmet-Aiming-Systems and Ammunition based on: (c) Anticipated New Programs Missions based on (d) improved reliability, efficiency, economics, tactics, strategies and education in both the civil and military domains of Turbo and Jet Engines. The International Journal of Turbo & Jet Engines is devoted to cutting edge research in theory and design of propagation of jet aircraft. It serves as an international publication fragment for new ideas, insights and results from industry and academic research on thermodynamics, combustion, behavior of related materials at high temperatures, turbine and engine design, thrust vectoring and flight control stabilizers as well as energy and environmental issues.

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Mini turbine engine, Brayton Cycle, Turbocharger, IC engine, GAS Turbine, Efficiency.

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In this paper, the volume between a regular polyhedron and inscribed sphere has been obtained for all the five platonic solids.

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Volume, regular polyhedral, platonic solids and sphere.

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Natural remedies are more acceptable in the belief that they are safer with fewer side effects than the synthetic ones. Herbal formulation have growing demand in the world market. The present work deals with the development and evaluation of herbal face wash containing aloe Vera, Rose water, glycerin, soap base almond oil, raw hone peppermint oil etc. Although various topical herbal formulation for acne are available in the market we purpose to make herbal formulation without using any synthetic ingredient. It was very good attempt to establish the herbal face wash containing aloe vera

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Aloe Vera , Rose Water , Glycerine , Soap Base , Raw Honey ,Almond Oil, Peppermint Oil

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The cold creams are more moisturizing as they provide an oily barrier which reduces the water loss from the stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the skin. They are water-in-oil emulsion and intended for application on skin or accessible mucous membraneto provide localized and sometimes systemic effect at the site of application. Sandalwood is a class of woods from trees in the genus Santalum.

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cold cream, almond oil, rheological studies.

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In the mammalian system, the hair follicle is known to be the most significant organ that determines appearance, gender distinction, give violent temperature protection, and plays a part in tone- defense. The youngish generation have begun to suffer from extreme hair loss problems due to numerous life- related changes similar as fatigue, anxiety, input of junk foods, use of diiferent hairstyling/ coloring styles, etc. The loss of hair isn't temporary in utmost cases, but it results in alopia. numerous people suffering from hair loss are in hunt of multiple treatments due to extreme anxiety and pressure, from tradition to traditional and remedial mending to the use of minoxidil and finasteride. To ameliorate hair growth and to help hair loss, hair root activation is needed. Herbal dress are still generally used by average citizens because of smaller side goods and lesser protection and safety profile. The present study was intended to use different sauces to formulate herbal hair serum for general purposes (hair operation).

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HAIR SERUM , HERBAL SERUM , SRUM , HAIR DIGNOSS

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Virtualization plays a main role in the cloud computing technology. Usually in cloud computing, users share the data there in the clouds like application etc., but with virtualization users shares the communications. A general technique to enhance the energy proficiency of a datacenter is VM placement by coordinating the quantity of dynamic servers to the present needs of the VMs and setting the remaining servers in low-control standby modes using SLA violations .In cloud computing environments, cloud service users consume cloud resources as a service and pay for service use. Before a cloud provider provisions a service to a consumer, the cloud provider and consumer (or broker) need to establish a service level agreement. Live migration has been extensively used in load balancing, energy decrease and active resizing to increase availability and hardware conservation. This causes removal of a huge number of redundant memory pages resulting in an increase in the total migration time and downtime.

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Virtual Machine, Offline Migration, Load Balancing, Availability and Maintenance.

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This study aims to explore and analyze the challenges faced by startups in India, with a special focus on the Bangalore region. As a thriving hub for innovation and entrepreneurship, Bangalore attracts numerous startups seeking to establish themselves in a highly competitive market. The study investigates the multifaceted challenges that startups encounter in their journey. By analyzing existing literature, the study uncovers the unique challenges faced by startups in the Bangalore region. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, investors, and ecosystem stakeholders to understand the dynamics of the startup landscape and design effective strategies to address these challenges. The study highlights the need for streamlined funding mechanisms, supportive regulatory frameworks, enhanced infrastructure, access to mentorship and networking opportunities, and measures to attract and retain top talent. Understanding and addressing these challenges will foster a conducive environment for startup growth, innovation, and economic development in the Bangalore region and India as a whole.

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Start-ups, Challenges, Opportunities

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Abstract: Medicines are not only a science; it is also an art. It does not consist of compounding pills and plasters; it deals with the very processes of life, which must be understood before they may be guided. Pharmaceutical oral solid dosage forms have been used widely for decades mainly due to their convenience of administration and their suitability for delivery for delivery of drugs for systemic effects. The tablets can be made directly from powders or from granules pellets, or from film-coated multiple units. Tablets are now the most popular dosage form, accounting for some 70% of all ethical pharmaceutical preparations produced. Tablets may be defined as solid pharmaceutical dosage forms containing drug substances with or without suitable diluents and prepared by either compression or moulding methods. Hence, tablets can be broadly classified as compressed tablets and moulded tablets. Compressed tablets can be further classified as directly compressible tablets, chewable tablets and tablet triturates etc.

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Keywords: Binders, Coated Tablets, Compression, Granulation, Ingredients Etc.

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Linear Programming is an important branch of Operational Research and it is a Mathematical Method to assist the people to carry out scientific Management. Linear Programming is a Mathematical method for determining a way to handle certain types of optimization problems. The main objective of this paper is to understand how Graphical method and Simplex method can be applied in a simple way for a furniture manufacturer and gold smith as to optimize their profit

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Linear programming, Graphical Method and Simplex method, Optimum solution

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'Life is precious and death is irrevocable'. "Capital Punishment" or "Death Penalty" is the uppermost level of punishment presented in any democratic society to maintain law and order. The study's objectives were to analyze "Capital Punishment" in India critically by examining current research, legal rules, historical occurrences, and some judicial decisions etc. It is seen that in India follow 'Capital punishment' is 'Rarest of the Rare' cases. But still India executed 'Capital punishment' to criminals. The Indian Penal Code (IPC) and Criminal Penal Code both mention the applicable laws for "capital punishment." Article 21 of the Indian constitution states that only legal procedures, may be followed in order to take away someone's life or personal freedom. In a nutshell, after reviewing all the arguments, a few key areas of strength for those in favor of the punishment" are vehemently opposed to it. The argument over capital punishment is very dubious. This kind of punishment is a legitimate right to free speech where the death penalty has been abolished or is only used against criminals who have been found guilty.

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Death penalty, capital punishment, criminals, crimes, punishments

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1. ABSTRACT Antibiotics are by far the most common medications prescribed for children. Recent epidemiological data suggests an association between early antibiotic use and disease phenotypes in adulthood. Antibiotic use during infancy induces imbalances in gut microbiota, called dysbiosis. The gut microbiome's responses to antibiotics and its potential link to disease development are especially complex to study in the changing infant gut. Here, we synthesize current knowledge linking antibiotics, dysbiosis, and disease and propose a framework for studying antibiotic- related dysbiosis in children. We recommend future studies into the microbiome-mediated effects of antibiotics focused on four types of dysbiosis: loss of keystone taxa, loss of diversity, shifts in metabolic capacity, and blooms of pathogens. Establishment of a large and diverse baseline cohort to define healthy infant microbiome development is essential to advancing diagnosis, interpretation, and eventual treatment of pediatric dysbiosis. This approach will also help provide evidence-based recommendations for antibiotic usage in infancy.(1)

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ANTIBIOTIC, QUINOLONES, TETRACYCLINE, OFLOXACINE, SHORT SPECTRUM ANTIBIOTIC.

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Abstract: Asthma is chronic inflammatory disorder of the airway. This feature of asthma has implication for the diagnosis, management, potential and prevention of the disease. Airway inflammation contributes to airway hyper responsiveness, airflow limitation, respiratory symptoms, and disease chronicity. In some patient, persistent changes in airway structure occurs, including sub- basement fibrosis, mucus hyper secretion, injury to epithelial cell, smooth muscle hypertrophy and angiogenesis. Gene by environment interaction are important to the expression of asthma. Viral respiratory infections are of the most important causes of asthma and also contribution to development of asthma. The onset of asthma for most patient beings early in life with the pattern diseases persistence determined by early. Recognized risk factors including atrophic diseases recurrent wheezing and patient history of asthma. Current asthma treatment with anti-inflammatory therapy does not appear to prevent progression of the underlying diseases severity. The critical role inflammatory has been further substantiated but evidence in emerging for considerable variability in the pattern of inflammation. The immunohistopathologic feature of asthma include inflammatory cell in filtration. o Eosinophills o Lymphocytes o Mast cell activation

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ASTHAMA,LEUKOTRIENE,HISTAMINE,MAST CELL,MONTELUKAST.

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The significance of English at higher education has increased due to its meaningful presence in professional world.it has been introduced as a compulsory subject in almost all professional and non-professional courses at undergraduate level. The present study has aimed at investigating the quality of teaching learning process being carried out in English classrooms in the colleges of Punjab. Qualitative data has been gathered through interview method from colleges by interviewing 50 English teachers across Punjab. The teachers have reported several issues being faced by both teachers and students pertaining to English language teaching and learning. In this context, the teachers have also come out with diverse suggestions to ensure optimum learning outcomes.

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Higher education, English language, English teachers, learning outcomes. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Assignment problems have various applications in the real world because of their wide applicability in industry, commerce, management science, etc. Traditional classical assignment problems cannot be successfully used for real life problem, hence the use of fuzzy assignment problems is more appropriate. The assignment cost has been considered as imprecise numbers that can be described by Triangular Fuzzy Numbers which are more realistic and general in nature. In this Paper, the fuzzy assignment problem has been converted into crisp assignment problem using Method of Magnitude and Ranking Function for Robust Ranking Technique for fuzzy costs matrix and solving it by Hungarian Method has been applied to find an optimal solution.

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Assignment Problem, Triangular Fuzzy Number, Fuzzy Magnitude Ranking Method, Hungarian Method.

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KEYWORDS: Suspensions, Suspending agents, Evaluation, Stability.

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Literary Activism in Twentieth Century China

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Literary Activism in Twentieth Century China

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Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) have become a ground-breaking technology with substantial applications in a wide range of industries, from consumer electronics to healthcare and business. The essential ideas, operating principles, and several MEMS applications are highlighted in this study. MEMS technology combines little mechanical and electrical parts to create devices that can be created at the micrometer or nanometer scale. MEMS devices are distinguished by their capacity to perceive, control, and alter minute physical processes. They integrate microelectronics with micromachining methods to build complicated systems that are lightweight, energy-efficient, and reasonably priced. MEMS are significant because they may solve difficult problems in many different sectors. MEMS accelerometers, gyroscopes, and pressure sensors have completely changed the way we interact with consumer electronics, making it possible for functions like gesture recognition, picture stabilisation, and accurate navigation. The creation of wearable devices for monitoring vital signs, medication delivery systems, and less invasive surgical instruments has been made possible in the field of healthcare thanks to MEMS-based sensors and actuators, improving patient care and treatment results. In the automobile sector, MEMS are also essential for the implementation of safety features including airbag deployment, tyre pressure monitoring, and vehicle stability control. MEMS technology has also made a substantial impact on energy harvesting systems, telecommunications, aeronautical applications, and environmental monitoring. Temperature, pressure, humidity, gas concentration, and acceleration are among the factors that MEMS sensors are used to measure and regulate. These applications have significant effects on increasing productivity, lowering expenses, and boosting overall performance. MEMS technology developments are not without difficulties, though. Technical challenges include material choice, device integration, and fabrication methods. Other ongoing problems include guaranteeing dependability, durability, and sustaining high yields throughout mass production.

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MEMS, fabrication, monitoring,devices,etching.

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