Volume 11 | Issue 5

 Abstract

The issue of handwritten signature verification hasn't been fully solved despite new research in the area. In our social and legal lives, handwritten signatures are crucial for authentication and proof. Only if a signature comes from the intended recipient can it be approved. It is extremely unlikely that two signatures created by the same individual will be identical [7]. Even though two signatures are made by the same individual, many signature characteristics can change. Determining the forgery thus becomes a difficult job. Systems for checking signatures are made to identify whether a specific signature is real or fake. In this research, a signature verification method based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is suggested. Using a CNN neural network model, we can extract a more accurate representation of the image information. Raw pictures of signatures are used to train the CNN model for feature extraction and data augmentation, and judgments are made about whether a given signature is genuine or forged. This software can be used to verify signatures on a variety of platforms, including signing loans and applications as well as legal documents.

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CNN, feature extraction, pre-processing, machine learning, RELU, and deep learning.

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Breastmilk monitoring is essential in neonatal care as it plays a significant role in the growth and development of infants. Conventional techniques for breastmilk monitoring are often labor-intensive, time-consuming, and prone to human error. Therefore, the need for an automated system that can accurately identify, monitor, and classify breastmilk has arisen. The conventional techniques for breastmilk monitoring involve manual recording of the date, time, and quantity of breastmilk. The milk is then labeled with the mother's name and stored in a refrigerator. However, this method is prone to human error, and it is challenging to track the expiration of breastmilk. In this paper, we propose an RFID-based breastmilk identification and monitoring system that utilizes a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, and a breast milk stage classification system using a pH and color sensor. The proposed system utilizes RFID technology to accurately identify and monitor breastmilk. Each bottle / pack of breastmilk is tagged with an RFID tag that contains information about the mother, the date and time of expression, and the volume of milk. The system also includes a humidity sensor and a temperature sensor to monitor the storage conditions of breastmilk in the refrigerator. The breast milk stage classification system uses a pH and color sensor to classify breastmilk into three stages: colostrum, transitional milk, and mature milk. The pH and color sensor measures the pH level and color of breastmilk and compares them with pre-defined values for each stage. A breast milk stage classification system using a pH and color sensor provides an automated, accurate, and reliable method for breastmilk monitoring. This system has the potential to reduce human error, save time, and ensure the provision of quality care to infants.

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PH level, Breastmilk, Sensor and RFID technology

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While substantial research covers current control and synchronization of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) inverters, issues concerning control of the PV input voltage deserve more attention, as they equally affect the reliable and stable operation of the system. Hence, this article analyses the PV voltage regulation in the single-stage single-phase PV inverter. In contrast to previous work, the PV source influence on the input voltage dynamic is analytically formalized, exposing a potential instability when the PV source is operating in its constant current region. A traditional proportional-integral PV voltage controller fails to ensure a consistent and stable voltage regulation. On the other hand, this issue is resolved by the proposed feedback linearization based controller. The new controller is validated on a test setup comprising of a PV source emulating a 1.2 kW PV array, interfaced to a single-phase inverter connected to a grid emulator. Confirming the issues predicted by the theoretical analysis, the experiments prove two main advantages of the proposed controller. First, PV voltage regulation instability is eliminated when the PV array operates in its constant current region. Second, the PV voltage transient behavior is now independent of the operating point of the PV source.

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Renewable energy, PV modules and PWM switching.

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 Abstract

Visually challenged people can lose independence and quality of life due to navigational difficulties. Navigation aids like white canes and guiding dogs have limits and require training. With deep learning and computer vision technology improving, navigation assistance systems can be improved. The ultrasonic-sensored YOLOv7 indoor and outdoor navigation assistance system helps vision impaired people navigate securely and independently. You Only Look Once version 7 (YOLOv7) and an ultrasonic sensor are used to detect and locate items in real time. The technology alerts the user to the existence, location, and relative position of items using auditory and haptic input. The real-time YOLOv7 algorithm detects things in the user's path. A wearable gadget gives the user acoustic and tactile feedback once the ultrasonic sensor identifies the object's distance and position. Real-time navigation aid in indoor and outdoor locations can improve visually impaired people's freedom and quality of life. YOLOv7 object detection and ultrasonic sensors allow the system to correctly detect and locate items, giving the user a better awareness of their environment.

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YOLOv7, Accessibility, Navigation, Ultrasonic sensor, Assistive Tools, Assistive Technology

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In recent years the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) has evolved to connect commercial gadgets together with the medical field to facilitate an unprecedented range of accessibility. The development of medical devices connected to internet of things has been praised for the potential of alleviating the strain on the modern healthcare system by giving users the opportunity to reside in the home during treatment or recovery. With the IoT becoming more prevalent and available at a commercial level, there exists room for integration into emerging, intelligent environments such as smart homes. When used in tandem with conventional healthcare, the IoT offers a vastrange of custom-tailored treatment options. This paper studie srecent state-of-the-art research on the field of IoT for health monitoring and smart homes, examines several potential use-cases of blending the technology, and proposes integration with an existing smart home test bed for further study. Challenges of adoption and future research on the topic are also discussed.

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Smart home with Health monitoring

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Ichnocarpus frutescens, Diabetes mellitus, Dose dependent Antidiabetic medicine

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Streptozotocin, Metformin, Ficus dalhousiae

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Like men, women too shouldered several critical responsibilities in the freedom struggle, bravely faced the baton of the police and even went behind bars and jails but are deprived of actual praise and glory they deserve in return of their selfless effort and dedication for the cause of motherland.The binary opposition of "tradition and modernity" have attempted to dislodge women's attempt for liberation. The vertical chronology of colonisation and modernisation ruptured the independent gendered identity in the light of comparison between Victorian morality and indigenous traditionality. The image of the"Bhadramahila" as constructed by the nationalists was one who was a "repository of the inner spirituality of indigenous social life". This 19th century radical nationalism gave birth to revolutionary Bina das who was as bold as brass and as fierce as fire. On 6th February 1932,in the crowded convocation Hall at Calcutta university, she fired 5continuous gunshots at Governor Stanley Jackson. Her life was completely dedicated to the cause of emancipation of her compatriots in a dual capacity of a nonviolent freedom fighter and an armed revolutionary. Her trial was extensively covered by the international media, with one of British newspaper calling her the"Joan of arc of India".But she is being deprived of actual praise and glory she deserve in return of her selfless effort and dedication for the cause of her motherland. Despite of all her dedication, courage and patriotic zeal she never got any share of limelight because nineteenth century modern western patriarchy never allowed her to share the spotlight.

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VICTORIAN MORALITY, INDIGENOUS TRADITIONALITY, WESTERN PATRIARCHY, REVOLUTIONARY, OBSCURE PATRIOTS, WOMEN EMANCIPATION

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single-crystal X-ray study; T = 295 K; mean (C-C) = 0.004 A ?; disorder in solvent or counterion; R factor = 0.0504; wR factor = 0.1510; data-to-parameter ratio = 11.9.

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The true effects of low unemployment aren't quite so simple. In fact, there's often so much happening beneath the surface that it can be confusing for most people to follow along. At least those of us who aren't economic experts.The Real GDP growth and unemployment is very important for policy makers in order to obtain a sustainable rise in living standards. The paper aimed to discuss the Unemployment and economic growh in Indian situations In contrast, if the GDP growth is above its natural level, policy makers will decide not to intensively promote the creation of new jobs in order to obtain a sustainable growth rate which will not generate inflation.

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Unemployment, Economic Growth and Present Situaton.

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PURPOSE: The study was conducted among Medical Imaging Technology students of Jamia Hamdard (Deemed to be University) regarding radiation protection devices, their uses, and handling. METHODS: A questionnaire-based study was carried out in the department of paramedical sciences among students of Medical Imaging Technology. A standardized, semi-structured, questionnaire was prepared, validated, and circulated among a population of 150 (undergraduate, postgraduate, and diploma) students. Data was recorded and statistical analysis was done using Microsoft Excel 2019. RESULTS: One hundred fifty (150) participants were taking part in this study out of which 100(66.7%) were undergraduates, 38(25.3%) were postgraduates and 12(8%) were diploma students of Medical Imaging Technology. There were 85(56.7%) males and 65(43.3%) females and their level of knowledge about radiation protection devices, their uses, and, handling were found to be good. Majority of the population i.e.; 37.3% had excellent knowledge, 34.7% had good knowledge and 28% had poor knowledge regarding radiation protection devices. Most of the participants have good knowledge about radiation protection devices but some of the students have less knowledge about the thickness of lead disc (23.3%) had selected the correct option, when asked about the recommended period of OSLD badge (36.1%), types of TLD badge (38.7%) and cardinal principles of radiation protection (32.7%). There is a need for further awareness and knowledge about these important aspects.it is also important that the persons working in the imaging department should know the radiation protection principle and different guidelines issued from time to time by international and national organizations like ICRP, AERB, NCRP, etc. for safe operations. CONCLUSION: This study concluded that most of the respondents show a good knowledge of radiation hazards, radiation protection, and safety, despite poor radiation protection practices, but still radiation exposure and prevalence of abnormal clinical conditions were found to be below. Therefore, there is a need for periodic training and theoretical sessions. It's also important to update the students and radiology technologists about new techniques and development to decrease the radiation risks and accidents. From this study, we suggest that all members of the health care community should attend the seminars, guest lectures, or other feasible methods so the persons associated with the medical imaging technology would use these types of radiation protection devices for safe operations.it is also the responsibility of radiology students as well as technologists to work under guidelines issued by different national and international organizations to make a safer environment for imaging.

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Ionizing Radiation, Radiation Protection Devices, Radiology Students, Knowledge, Nuclear Medicine Imaging, Safety.

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 Abstract

Hand gesture recognition is an exciting field that has seen tremendous progress in recent years, thanks to advancements in machine learning and computer vision. These systems can be used for various applications, including virtual reality, robotics, and human-computer interaction. One such system is a hand gesture recognition system that enables users to control keyboard functions using hand gestures. This system uses a camera to capture hand gestures and machine learning algorithms to recognize them. The recognized gestures are then mapped to keyboard functions, allowing users to perform various actions without touching the keyboard. Such systems have shown promising results in terms of accuracy and user experience, making them a viable alternative to traditional keyboard input methods.

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Hand gesture recognition, machine learning, computer vision, virtual reality, robotics, human-computer interaction, keyboard functions, camera

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Keeping track of applicants and student attendance in many educational institutions is difficult because there are often many students in each class. There are times when students fill in for absent friends by acting on their behalf. Based on face detection and recognition algorithms, this system automatically recognizes the student as soon as he enters the classroom and records his attendance by identifying him. The database is then automatically updated or amended. By doing this, manually updating the attendance takes less time and effort. As there is a potential that a third party can trespass, this system additionally offers authentication using recognition of the administrator's or teacher's face to unlock. So, the level of security increases.

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Attendance, Face Detection, Computer Vision, Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence

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A Water fuel engine (hydrogen vehicle is an alternative fuel vehicle that uses hydrogen as its onboard fuel for motive power (1). Combustion of hydrogen with air is receiving increasing attention in the future energy scenario. The term may refer to a personal transportation vehicle, such as an automobile, or any other vehicle that uses hydrogen in a similar fashion, such as an aircraft. The power plants of such vehicles convert the chemical energy of hydrogen to mechanical energy either by burning hydrogen in an internal combustion engine (spark ignition engine), Widespread use of hydrogen for fueling transportation is a key element of a proposed hydrogen economy(1). Hydrogen fuel does not occur naturally on Earth and thus is not an energy source, but is an energy carrier. Currently it is most frequently made from methane or other fossil fuels. However, it can be produced from a wide range of sources (such as wind, solar, or nuclear) that are intermittent, too diffuse or too awkward to directly propel vehicles. Integrated wind-to-hydrogen plants, using electrolysis of water, are exploring technologies to deliver costs low enough, and quantities great enough, to compete with traditional energy sources. In the late 1990s Canada developed a world leading position in fuel cell and hydrogen technologies based in large part by advances in Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cell technology by Ballard Power Systems and a number of smaller highly innovative firms.(2) Global trend is to move from fossil fuels to carbon free fuels, including renewable. Decarbonisation driven by protection of environment. For India and other oil importing developing countries, energy security is the main driver for decarbonisation this paper will provide an overview of the current state of the hydrogen in the spark ignition engine

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WATER AS FUEL,BATTERIES,ELECTROLYSIS

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The increasing demand for renewable energy has led to the development of solar power systems as an alternative source of electricity. However, the efficiency of these systems is greatly influenced by the environment in which they are installed. To address this challenge, an IoT-based solar power monitoring system was designed and implemented to monitor the performance of a solar power system in real-time.

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we are note the parameter of solar panal just like voltage,current,LDR

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Crowd counting is an important part of automated public monitoring, when it is necessary to count the number of individuals in a picture. A machine learning algorithm that might forecast crowd numbers is what we hope to implement. Crowd counting is an active research area within scene analysis, and has various applications such as crowd control, customer management, and urban planning. Reliable people counting and human detection is an important problem in visual surveillance, and solutions have restrictions such as people must be moving, the background must be simple, or the image resolution must be high. Humans perceive images through color, shape, size, and texture. A vision system that monitors activity over extended periods of time is described, and a neural based crowd estimation system is presented for surveillance in complex scenes. Surveillance systems for public security are going beyond CCTV.

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Crowd,count,camera

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This study has been undertaken to enhance the security measures during a ride. A smart helmet is a type of protective headgear used by the rider which makes bike driving safer than before. This can be implemented by using advanced features like alcohol detection, accident identification, location tracking, use as a hands-free device, fall detection. This makes it not only a smart helmet but also a feature of a smart bike. It makes use of GPS and GSM modules that helps in tracking the location and sending the message to predefined contacts.

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Arduino Uno, RF Transmitter and Receiver, GPS, GSM, Tilt Sensor, Motor, Alcohol Sensor, Limit Switch.

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Fly ash, lime, gypsum and sand are all combined to make Fly ash brick. They have the benefit of being lightweight, more durable than conventional bricks, and capable of being made from waste materials, such as fly ash. Its use in manufacturing of bricks will lead to the control of pollution and proper disposal. New type of fly ash brick moulding machine is an automatic machine which in turn produces the high-density bricks using coal ash. It aids in environmental protection and save energy. In this developing world of technologies everything is controlled automatically and human work is almost zero in some sectors. A controller circuit has been designed in order to make the control of conveyor belt motors automated which will work on the basis of level of material in the tank/hopper of raw materials. An infrared Proximity sensor is used to detect the level of a mixture tank which in turn produces the output to the controller and the motor has to start and stop according to it. This design will control the starting and standstill conditions of the motor according to the level of the tank. It helps in increasing the production rate and reduces the human work and wastage of raw materials due to overloading.

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Keywords: Brick making machine, Electronic controller, Sensor.

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Arduino, PIR Sensor, LED

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The study aimed to assess four selected factors that affect revenue collection in Machakos County in Kenya: ICT, Training, Government Policy, and Organizational Culture. The study used a descriptive research design with primary data obtained through a structured questionnaire. The target population was 191 employees working in the Machakos County revenue department. A random sampling technique was used to sample 128 respondents. Data collected was analyzed into descriptive and inferential statistics through the use of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS)tool. The research found that Information Communication Technology has a 55% great effect and 25% very great effect on revenue collection in the county by creating efficiency in revenue collection. Training has a 45% great extent and a 39% effect to a very greater extent. Government policy affects revenue to a great extent of 33% and a very great extent of 62%. Likewise, Organizational culture has a 42% moderate extent and a 17% effect to a greater extent. The study recommended that Machakos County should ensure the availability of proper ICT infrastructure and training on revenue collection to increase efficiency in revenue collection. The County government should also create suitable and relevant policies and regulations that govern the revenue collection process in the county while reviewing its organizational culture to be in a position to operate efficiently and meet the desired revenue targets. The findings also indicated that the selected variables only predicted a 38.5% variance in revenue collection. Therefore, the study recommends a further study on the other factors (61.5% variance of revenue) that tend to affect revenue collection in counties and their correlation to ensure efficiency in revenue collection and management.

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Revenue collection, ICT, Training, Government Policy, Organizational Culture.

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