Volume 12 | Issue 5

 Abstract

The relative powers of these three branches are specified in our country's constitution. The principle of theory of separation of powers governs these three pillars. According to this theory, each organ of the government is independent of the other organ and functions without any interference from the other. However, in Indian context, since there exists no rigid separation of power, the functions of these organs overlap to some extent. As a result, the balance of powers between these three pillars of governance holds utmost importance. In the present environment, the concept of balance of power though nowhere expressly enshrined is more than just a philosophical ideal, but rather a practical notion that determines the form and organization of governments' day-to-day operations. As a result, the purpose of this thesis is to examine the concept of balance of powers, both in theory and in reality. Starting with the brief history of the doctrine and various aspects of its establishment, this thesis further highlights the doctrine's applicability as per constitutional provisions of the United States and the United Kingdom and then contrasts the two nations' practices with those of India. The researcher goes on to discuss the various articles of the Indian constitution while doing so. In addition, the researcher draws their conclusions on the inconsistencies between the constitutional design and the actual application of the doctrine, based on particular land-marking events, court proclamations, and the views of prominent jurists. Finally, the thesis emphasizes that the doctrine of a balance of powers though seldom implemented in its absolute form, is recognized as a fundamental part of the formation and functioning of most governments across the globe.

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Balance, Power, Judiciary, Legislative, Justice System

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The objective of this paper is to explore and simulate an antenna design, a crucial aspect influencing technological progress in wireless communication. The abstract for a 5G antenna design project may emphasize the pivotal role of antennas in facilitating the evolution of wireless communication to the next level. This study focuses on analyzing and modeling a Microstrip patch antenna designed to operate at 28 GHz, with a view towards future 5G communication technologies. The research incorporates the utilization of substrates and parabolic reflectors in antenna construction. Each type of antenna exhibits distinct characteristics tailored to specific applications. In the realm of contemporary technology, the utilization of fifth generation (5G) networks is rapidly expanding, offering diverse services like medical treatment and remote control of industrial machinery. Utilizing the Rogers RT/Duroid5880 antenna with a dielectric substrate of 2.2 and a thickness of 0.3451 mm, simulations revealed key metrics including a return loss of -38.348 dB, a gain of 8.198 dB, a radiation efficiency of 77%, and a side lobe level of -18.3 dB. This underscores the significance of phased array antennas in the advancing domain of 5G technology.

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 Keywords

Antenna design, Microstrip patch antenna, 5G technology, Phased array antennas, Rogers RT/Duroid5880, High-frequency operation

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Benzotriazole and its derivatives are incredible because of their widespread applications, particularly in the pharmaceutical and agricultural industries. Several synthetic techniques are accessible, including the conventional Pinner reaction, the Sandmeyer reaction, and metal-catalyzed processes, demonstrating the versatility of creating diverse benzotriazole derivatives. This article summarises the synthetic processes and antibacterial characteristics of benzotriazole derivatives. Furthermore, the antibacterial efficacy of benzotriazole derivatives against various infectious organisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, is examined. Benzotriazole compounds have strong antibacterial properties, making them promising candidates for future research in the battle against infectious illnesses. This study summarises the developments of benzotriazole compounds as potential antimicrobial and antiviral activity.

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 Keywords

Benzotriazole; antimicrobial activity; antiviral activity; antibacterial.

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 Abstract

In present investigation, heamotoxic effects of fluoride were noticed in freshwater fish, Heteropneustes fossilis after exposing to sublethal concentrations (35 mg F/ L and 70 mg F/L) of fluoride for 15, 30 and 45 days. For this intention routine haematological parameters like total erythrocyte count (TEC), total leukocyte count (TLC), haemoglobin content (Hb), PCV%, erythrocyte indices, blood clotting time and O2 carrying capacity were estimated. The findings of present study revealed that the fluoride had a negative impact on haematological parameters of Heteropneustes fossilis. The fish H. fossilis showed a significant decrease in TEC, Hb %, and PCV % while significant increase in WBC count in all exposure durations and concentrations at different level of significant ( p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.0001). The erythrocyte indices like MCV, MCH and MCHC values were significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner in fluoride exposed fishes (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01). This might be due to the possible disruption of haemopoietic tissue or impairment of liver and kidney functions. Significant increase in blood clotting time and decreased O2 carrying capacity were also noticed in present study. Based on the results, we conclude that fluoride is toxic to Heteropneustes fossilis and its occurrence in the environment may threaten the health of aquatic species.

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Keywords: Fluoride toxicity, Haematological parameters, Blood clotting, O2 carrying capacity, Stinging catfish Fish, Heteropneustes fossilis.

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 Abstract

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Indian political system, Comparative politics, Democracy, Federalism, Parliamentary system, multi-party system, Electoral systems, Political institutions, Socio-cultural factors, Governance, Political representation, public accountability.

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Skin cancer is one of the most devastating cancers of the present decade. Non- melanoma skin cancers include basal cell carcinoma( BCC), actinic Keratosis, and squamous cell carcinoma(SCC). Treatment of these are done by using non-invasive methods. Some treatments for non-melanoma carcinoma are such as surgery, cryosurgery, curettage electron section and radiotherapy. BCC arises from uncontrolled proliferation of basal cells which is the foundational layer of the epidermis. Ultraviolet radiation from sunlight, stands as the primary culprit, triggering mutations which disrupt normal cell growth control. Some other contributing factors include genetic predisposition, fair complexion, immunosuppression, and certain syndromes. Food and Drug administration approved various molecular targeting therapies which include Hedgehog inhibitors for BCC, monoclonal antibodies targeting anti-programmed death ligand-1 and anti programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) for MCC and anti-PD-1 for cSCC. Squamous cell carcinoma manifests as diverse skin lesions, commonly appearing on sun-exposed areas like the head, neck, ears, and arms. Early lesions may present as scaly red patches, thick and rough skin, or open sores. Advanced tumors can grow larger which form nodules or ulcerative lesions that may bleed or crust. Diagnosis of SCC involves a combination of clinical examination, dermoscopy, and biopsy. Histopathological analysis confirms the presence and type of squamous cell carcinoma. Treatment depends on various factors like tumor size, location, depth. Surgical excision remains the mainstay, with Mohs micrographic surgery which offering high cure rates for specific cases. Other methods include radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and cryotherapy. Metastatic SCC may require systemic therapy with targeted drugs or immunotherapy. Untreated SCC can grow locally that invade deeper tissues, and potentially metastasize to regional lymph nodes or distant organs.

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 Keywords

Skin Cancer, Melanoma, Non-melanoma, Basal cell carcinoma(BCC), Squamous cell carcinoma(SCC), Cryosurgery, Radiotherapy, Monoclonal antibodies, Anti programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), Anti-PD-1, Histopathological analysis, Mohs surgery.

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This research paper investigates the legal protection and rights afforded to children entangled in the criminal justice system, focusing on those in conflict with the law. Through a comprehensive review of international standards and domestic legislations, it scrutinizes the evolving landscape of juvenile justice, emphasizing the principles of fairness, rehabilitation, and the best interests of the child. The paper examines the roles of various stakeholders in ensuring juvenile rights, including legal professionals, law enforcement, and social service agencies. It also evaluates the efficacy of diversionary programs and rehabilitation measures in promoting the reintegration of juvenile offenders into society. Furthermore, it addresses emerging challenges such as socio-economic disparities and the intersectionality of juvenile experiences. By identifying gaps in existing frameworks and proposing policy recommendations, this paper advocates for a rights-based approach to juvenile justice, aiming to safeguard the well-being and rights of children involved in the legal system.

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Rights of Children those who are in Conflict With Law

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Effectiveness, Knowledge, adults, awareness program, community, dementia

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: If poultry diseases like Newcastle, Coccidiosis, and Salmonella are not identified in their early stages, they can reduce chicken output. Algorithms that use deep learning can help detect illnesses early. This paper proposes a framework based on convolutional neural networks to categorize diseases in chicken by differentiating between photos of their faeces that are healthy and sick.

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Poultry diseases, Deep learning, Machine learning, Artificial Intelligence, Fecal images, Convolutional neural network.

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Numerous non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in India are addressing the issue of rural livelihood sustainability, particularly in the agricultural sector. These non-governmental organisations (NGOs) seek to empower rural populations, predominantly women farmers, who face problems as a result of traditional norms, limited options, and a lack of resources. The main purpose of the study was to recognize the programs undertaken by SeSTA to promote livelihood sustainability and to find out how the NGO is promoting sustainable livelihood among women agripreneurs through their interventions. A single case study was adopted to achieve the objectives of the study. The findings suggested that the NGO played an important role in achieving livelihood sustainability, mainly in the face of climate change and changing agricultural dynamics. The organisation is training rural communities, encouraging them to embrace innovative and sustainable practises and, as a result, improve their assets. While success stories are emphasised, it is noted that NGOs such as SeSTA deserve recognition for their emphasis on capacity building and knowledge enrichment, allowing women to become self-sufficient by using innovative techniques to intensify women's resource base, with a focus on capital asset improvement. Transitioning from traditional agricultural practises to sustainable ways has significantly reduced vulnerabilities in the focus area of the study. The study is a novel direction towards understanding the linkage between entrepreneurship and sustainable livelihood and especially for women; where there is a requirement of more research and evaluation required to understand to what extent agricultural entrepreneurship can impact the livelihood of women in the long term.

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NGOs, Sustainable Livelihood, Agripreneur, Women, Community Institutions, Case Study

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: Food poisoning is a sickness that caused by microorganisms. Food poisoning is a prevalent medical ailment that often arises from consuming food tainted with pathogenic microorganisms (bacterial, viral, parasitic, or fungal) or toxins released during various phases of food preparation, processing, or storage. The majority of food poisoning cases are categorized as moderate since their symptoms usually go away on their own in a few days without medical intervention, while severe and persistent cases need to be hospitalized.

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E. coli , Norovirus , Campylobacter , Salmonella , Listeria ,Rod-shaped, Gram-negative, Nonsporeforming, Enterobacteriaceae,,Campylobacteriacae,

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 Abstract

Maxillofacial prosthetic materials are used to replace facial parts lost through disease or trauma. Body anomalies or deformities that impair form, function, or esthetics are enough to render a person incapable of leading a normal life. Maxillofacial deformity can be caused by a congenital defect, trauma, or tumor surgery. Multiple times, surgical reconstruction may be impossible due to the size, location, or medical state of the patient, so prosthetic rehabilitation is necessary. However, the physical and mechanical qualities of the materials utilized have a substantial impact on the outcome of prosthetic rehabilitation. Acrylic resins, acrylic copolymers, vinyl polymers, polyurethane elastomers, and silicone elastomers are common materials utilized to make facial prosthesis these days. There has always been a quest for a maxillofacial prosthetic material that closely matches the defect tissues in appearance and properties. This article focuses on changing trends in materials, and future aspects of various materials used in rehabilitation of maxillofacial defects with their limitations and modifications. Silicones and acrylic resins are currently the most often utilized materials in the fabrication of personalized prostheses.

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MAXILLOFACIAL MATERIALS, RECENT ADVANCES, REHABILITATION, SILICONES.

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 Abstract

Development of powdered lassi by spray drying the curd and making a premix of the lassi by addition of ingredients such as sugar, dried curd powder and flavoring substances to increase its shelf life

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Quality Assesment

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It is brief review of project named Black and white image colorization using deep learning and open cv

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Deep learning Open cv

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This is simple application of CPI and with the help of that future predictions are possible.

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CPI,stock predictions

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This abstract provides a detailed overview of our project aimed at developing a comprehensive personal budgeting system to empower individuals in acheiving financial freedom.

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Financial Freedom, Spending and Saving Habits, Investment Decisions, Financial Goals

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 Abstract

Using a transducer, biosensors connect a biological sensing element to a detector system. Electrochemical sensors for various analytes were the first to be effectively marketed and proposed scientifically. These days, there is a growing emphasis on the need to monitor and control a wide range of factors in fields like the food business, clinical diagnosis, hygiene, environmental protection, medication research, and forensics. As a result, having trustworthy analytical tools on hand that can conduct fast and precise analyses is essential. A biosensor is an apparatus that uses signals proportionate to the concentration of an analyte in a reaction to quantify biological or chemical responses. Applications for biosensors include disease monitoring, drug discovery, and the identification of contaminants and microorganisms that cause disease.It is made up of the following parts. Using a properly designed biosensor is one way to get around many of the drawbacks of the traditional methods. The primary rationale for biosensors' continuedTheir frequently unfeasibility in the stated domains is seldom utilized in realitysamples, but a biosensor designed for standards doesn't alwaysappropriate for actual samples.Biosensors are a newly described class of sensor that combine physical and chemical sensing techniques. Few IUPAC sensors are recognized for this kind of data. Plus, the majority of The medium's biophysical or biochemical properties. Additionally, the most.The biological/organic recognition element present in this type of sensor, which makes it possible to identify specific biological molecules in the medium, is an intriguing feature that distinguishes it from others. The creation of A new era of scientific advancement was ushered in by biosensors.

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Biosensor

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The most prevalent eye condition affecting individuals with diabetes is known as diabetic retinopathy, a consequence of elevated glucose levels that damage the delicate blood vessels in the retina. About 80% of people with diabetes who have lived with the condition for a decade or more encounter progressive vision impairment. Establishing regular eye examinations as a primary concern for individuals managing diabetes is crucial, along with maintaining control over their blood sugar levels to prevent irreversible damage to the eyes. This study proposes the utilization of a Convolutional Neural Network-based Machine Learning approach to categorize eye images ranging from No DR to Proliferative DR, the advanced stage of diabetic retinopathy. The input for this system consists of color fundus photos.

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 Keywords

Diabetic Retinopathy, Machine Learning, Convolutional Neural Network , Raspberry Pi.

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The Car Rental Management System is a robust solution that is designed to streamline and enhance the operations of car rental businesses. This user-friendly system automates key aspects of the rental process, allowing for efficient vehicle and customer management. It facilitates seamless bookings by allowing customers to check vehicle availability and make reservations online. The system generates professional rental agreements and invoices, consideration factors such as rental duration, vehicle type, and additional services. Secure online payment processing ensures convenient transactions. Real-time vehicle tracking and maintenance scheduling contribute to optimal fleet management. Comprehensive reporting and analytics tools offer insights into business performance, revenue, and customer trends! The system priorities data security with user authentication protocols and roll-based access control. This car rental management system is an essential tool for any car rental business looking to improve their operations and customer service.

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Reservation, Analytics, Authentication

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Abstract Everybody wants to get a fair and charming skin. Now a day, acne, black heads, pimples are common among persons who suffer from it. According to ayurveda, skin problems are normally due to impurity in blood. Herbal face packs are used to simulate blood circulation, rejuvenate the muscles and help to maintain the elasticity of the skin and remove dirt from skin pores. The aim of this work is to formulate and evaluate an herbal face pack for glowing skin by using natural herbal ingredients. The natural herbal ingredients such as multani mitti, termeric, sandalwood, neem, orange peel, aloevera ,kaolin, liquorice, methyl paraben, gum tragacanth and rose water. In the present work, we formulated a herbal face pack which can be easily made with the easily available ingredients. After evaluation, we found good properties for the face packs, free from skin irritation and maintained its consistency even after stability storage conditions. Results of the study scientifically verified that herbal face pack having enough potential to give efficient glowing effect on skin. The overall study is useful to substantiate product claims due its useful benefits on the human beings.

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charming skin, acne , black heads, multani mitti, termeric, sandalwood, neem, orange peel , alovera , kaolin, liquorice, methyl paraben, gum tragacanth ,rose water., milk powder , Brighten skin .

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