Volume 9 | Issue 5

 Abstract

There has been a massive increase in the region and output of litchi in the last 50 years, but productivity has remained nearly constant, which is a cause for concern for all of us. As land, water, and other natural resources become more limited, there is every possibility of increasing productivity in litchi through high density plantation, canopy management, and precision production tools for horticulture in days to come. Litchi is a fascinating fruit that is common among people during the summer months (May-June) and is grown as a cash crop. High density orcharding is a relatively new concept for growing production without sacrificing fruit quality. It provides earlier output and return per unit area, reduces juvenility, and allocates resources efficiently. Dwarfing root stocks play an important role in allowing for a greater number of plants per unit area. For certain tropical and subtropical fruits, HDP has been found to be the most appropriate technique, allowing for a greater number of plants per unit area.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

high density planting, dwarfing root stock, juvenility, fruit quality.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Today Abiotic stress is a major global problem limiting crop productivity and Stress factors are a serious problem limiting the yield potential of modern cultivars faced by mankind now a days. Heavy metals represent a growing threat for ecosystems worldwide. In India, several studies have searched the amounts of heavy metals in soils at roadsides of high ways and soils of litter dumps. The conducted studies found that these soils contained worrying levels of heavy metals that have exceeded in many cases the average world safe limit. For example, Chromium (Cr) level was 79 mg/ kg in soils closed to some highways while the world safe limit is only (25 mg/kg). In other studies, Nickel (Ni) concentration was (5.9 mg/kg) while the world safe limit for Mn is only (0.03 mg/kg). Also in some litter dumps in India, soil Magnesium (Mg) average content was (6.0 mg/kg) while the world safe limit was only (0.1 mg/kg). Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper is a flowering plant that has recently attracted the attention of researchers due to its novel phytoremediation powers against some heavy metals, which encouraged some countries to grow them in roadsides of highways and litter dumps. Tissue culture is an excellent approach for studying responses of Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper to heavy metals without interference of other factors. In addition, tissue culture is the main method for producing elite plants lines from callus and cell suspension cultures with superior characteristics by genetic transformation. Stress causes nutritional imbalances in the plant causing reduction in water uptake and toxicity, decreasing the production and Seeds of Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper T-9 var were taken as cotyledonary explants here and inoculated on callus induction medium with varied concentration of MS+ 2.4-D (1.0-3.0mg/L). (2.5mg.L 2.4-D) Induced best callus induction. This calli were formed in treatments with (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 mg/1) concentration of Mn, Cr, Ni and Mg. Callus induction and rhizogenesis was studied with incorporation of some heavy metals individually at different concentrations in MS medium supplemented with MS+ 2.4-D (2.0 mg/L) each. The study was carried out to see the overall effect of selected metals in vitro on variations in induction, nature and growth of callus and rhigogenesis produced in relation to metals and discussed in detail. The study was carried out to see the overall effect of selected metals in vitro on variations in induction, nature and growth of callus and rhigogenesis produced in relation to metals and discussed in detail.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper, Heavy metal, MS media, 2.4-D, Mn, Cr, Ni and Mg

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Ethical issues can be found in various fields. This study is an attempt to assess the ethical responsibilities of a pharmacist that relate to a customer. This paper seeks to analyze the ethical issues faced by the customer while going to pharmacy. This was done with the help of convenience sampling method. The responses collected were summarized using percentage analysis with help of graphs.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

ethical issues, pharmacy, medical shops.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Banking and Non-banking finance companies (NBFCs) which are the backbone of India's economy are not exception to the above though the lockdown was necessary and inevitable so as to prevent the rapid spread of Novel Corona virus and to save lives of people of the country; it is going to affect the various sectors of our economy in a larger sense. People can protect themselves by this pandemic by the way of maintaining social distance. But the basic needs like food and medicine are vital for leading their life and in it the transfer of cash plays an inevitable role. Internet banking can make the transaction through an electronic basis without the exchange of any physical commodity with maintaining social distance. This study is an attempt to assess the contribution and impact created by online banking due to lockdown which has resulted in closure of all commercial, educational, public and private institutions and suspension of all means of transportation, etc. Our paper seeks to analyze the effectiveness of online banking sector in India during and post pandemic - Covid-19. This was done with the help of convenience sampling methods and their responses were summarized using graphs for the purpose of better understanding.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

online banking, satisfaction, covid-19

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Stress management, Work stress, Manufacturing industries.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The purpose of study is to develop an understanding the factors which are influencing Consumers to buy products on Social Media in Chennai and to explore the demographic factors which influences the level of customer satisfaction of shoppers on Social Media. With the explosion of social media platforms within the interactive digital media realm and firms magnified comprehension of the importance of getting loyal customers, the question of social media usage in developing client loyalty has become additional and additional distinguished. Since social media permits corporations to have interaction directly with the tip client at a comparatively low value and with the next level of potency, it's notably necessary for little on-line branded retailers with restricted selling and PR budgets.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Social Media, Chennai, Customers

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Employee State Insurance (ESI) Scheme is a huge social security for the employees in the organization. ESI is completely different from insurance that is provided for general public. It supports full medical care and reasonable economic assistance to the beneficiaries for benefits like sickness, maternity, disablement and death due to employment injury. It is one of the most effective measures available to the employees in working environment. The purpose of the study is to analysis the awareness and effective Utilization of Employee State Insurance (ESI) policy in Tata International. The study also attempts to review the varied Employee State Insurance (ESI) benefits available to the workers within the organization. A study questionnaire was framed and given to the workers to seek out awareness and therefore the effects of utilization of Employee State Insurance (ESI) policy in Tata International using tools through SPSS software.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Employee state insurance (ESI), Awareness, Utilization, Employees, medical benefit

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The solution to certain social problems is very effective these days as we do not need to go to a certain office to register a complaint and get all those papers. It is very easy to register a complaint in this digital age with the help of the internet.[1] With the help of applications, we are able to reduce the barrier between government and the public so that the public can communicate directly with the relevant authorities by telephone or computer. Transparency between user and authority has helped resolve many issues in less time than usual. These applications apply to various sectors such as fire department, municipal department, finance department, electricity department etc. complaints made. The Online Complaint Management System provides a web solution for community issues by saving time and eliminating corruption

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

society, feasible, digitalized, internet, transparency, government

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Wireless sensor networks(WSN) provides information from physical world can be access remotely. Traditional WSN consist of large number of static sensor nodes deployed in a sensor field, forward the sensed data towards static sink or base station. Sensor nodes are battery powered small devices, hence there is chance of quick depletion of battery due to the operational overhead. Similarly increased data traffic concentration of the single-hop neighbors of static sink lead to the creation of hotspot at these single-hop neighbors. Mobile sink are the recent solution for reducing energy consumption in the network by providing uniform energy distribution throughout the network. This work deal with mobility characteristics and routing protocols used in a mobile sink scenario in order to enhance energy efficiency of the network.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In this paper is to introduce new approach of separate sets, disconnected sets and connected sets called R ̂^*-τ – separate sets, R ̂^* -τ – disconnected sets and R ̂^* -τ – connected sets of topological spaces with the help of R ̂^* - open and R ̂^*- closed sets. On the basis of new introduce approach, some relationship of R ̂^* -τ – disconnected and R ̂^*-τ – connected set with R ̂^*-τ – separate set have been investigated thoroughly.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

R ̂^* -Open set ,R ̂^*-closed set, R ̂^* -closure, R ̂^*- τ – separate sets, R ̂^*-τ – disconnected sets and R ̂^*-τ – connected sets.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The objective of this task is to give knowledge into the use of infiltration testing to guarantee frameworks the board. This undertaking isn't specialized regarding extension, however it likewise covers what entrance testing is, the advantages that partners get from a protected framework when testing, and how policymakers can help or make testing to annoying. Infiltration testing is a specific security review method in which an evaluator reenacts an assault on an ensured framework. The motivation behind this technique isn't to cause hurt, however to distinguish assaults, weaknesses, chances, and other security weaknesses from the aggressor's viewpoint. These tests can cover all parts of the framework; Information innovation fields.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

NetworkScsnner,MAC changer, Vulnerability, Penentration testing.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a type of disease which is spreading in significant numbers, it not only spreads in India but also in all over the world. The increase in the spread of disease can lead to many deaths since there is no proper medication that can heal the patient. Diabetic Retinopathy is a disease that occurs due to irregular blood flow in retina vessels and weakens the retina. Due to the irregularities in the blood vessels patients face difficulty in the vision loss and can also make the patient blind. In this paper, we used deep learning which includes Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) provides better accuracy by using Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU). As there are various image classification techniques but CNN provides much better accuracy from other techniques. For detecting a particular part of the eye, it needs advanced mechanisms and tools. The main objective is to provide lucid image classification among other images with better accuracy.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Diabetic Retinopathy, Convolutional Neural Network, Rectified Linear Unit

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

small signals models, PV systems, PID controller, MPPT, CCM, DCM.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper presents a modern approach for surveillance at remote and border areas Tank, any heavily armed and armored combat vehicle. Tanks are essentially weapons platforms that make the weapons mounted in them more effective by their cross-country mobility and by the protection they provide for their crews. Now days the tank is controlling by the humans. Our aim is to control that tank using wireless media; We call it as War-Robot. Smart phones are becoming the latest sensation in our country. It currently has by far the biggest margins of any product in the tech sector. One of its important functions is wireless communication which is usually done by an IOT. In this project our aim is to use that IOT for controlling a War Robot. We are much successful in achieving our goal. Our robot runs well and it can be controlled by Android Phone or any compute. Through this project we are able to learn many things which will be very helpful in coming future.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Android,IOT

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

this paper presents a two high step down based DC to DC converter has been suggested to investigating with various control approaches for retaining the voltage and current. The suggested converters have developed by transfromerless and having equivalent power ratings. Two diverse switching patterns are utilized in this study for mitigating the stresses across switches in the proposed system. The very first switching pattern is consisted of pulse width modulation (PWM) and 1800 phase shift angle along with LC filter in output side. This system can be operated in closed loop due to adding the LC filter in output side. The first designed converters duty cycle will be greater range and less than 0.5. For second DC-DC converter has been designed and implemented with second switching pattern for sustaining the voltage and duty cycles with LC filter in output side. In this stage, the sums of stress voltage on their switches are quite high as compared with the first designed converter. The proposed system is designed establishing MATLAB/Simulink as well as investigated in all operating circumstances. As per the simulation outcomes, the proposed closed loop system with LC filter can be shown the high performance in all dynamic operating situations.. The proposed converters will be analyzed for all in their switching patterns. In order to validate the results from theoretical, the 1st and 2nd proposed converters for 500/26 and 800/20.5 V, respectively, and 430 W, are used in MATLAB/Simulink.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

DC to DC converter, LC filter, voltage, duty cycle, and current.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Cotton wastes comprise lignin, hemicelluloses and cellulose, which can be utilized as sustainable for the production of bioethanol. Cotton based lignocellulosic biomass requires specific pretreatment strategy to efficiently remove lignin and to solubilize hemicelluloses, which increases the accessibility of hydrolytic enzymes during saccharification. Waste paper, a major source of cellulosic biomass, could be utilized as a potential substrate for cellulase production. Different pretreated waste papers were used as substrates for cellulase production. Trichoderma spp. is used for Bioethanol production because of high metabolic activity in production of cellulase enzyme and hydrolysis of cellulose to glucose. Bioethanol has been identified as the mostly used biofuel worldwide since it significantly contributes to the reduction of crude oil consumption and environmental pollutions. Compared to other types of microorganisms, yeasts especially saccharomyces cerevisiae is the common microbes employed in ethanol production due to its high ethanol productivity, high ethanol tolerance and ability of fermenting wide range of sugar. The production of bio-ethanol by microbial saccharification and fermentation process. The common process involves in ethanol production are pretreatment, hydrolysis and fermentation. Productions of bio-ethanol during fermentation depend on several factors such as temperature, pH, inoculum size, and sugar concentration.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cotton waste, Paper waste, Yeasts, Fermentation, Bioethanol

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The present study endeavours to present a comparative scenario of financial penetration across regions in the contemporary India. The study classifies India into six regions i.e. southern, western, central, eastern, northern-eastern and northern region. The secondary data extracted from economic political weekly research foundation, census report, MOSPI and RBIhas been used for the assessment of financial penetration for the period 2006 to 2016. The study reveals improvement in the each of the dimension i.e. Bank Penetration, ATM & Branch Availability, and Credit & Deposits; across the regions. Further study also reveals that gap between two streams i.e. upper and lower, is not merely significant but also exhibited better index position for the upper stream regions relatively to lower stream regions. However,states such as Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa, Sikkim from eastern region; Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh from Central region; provides scope for ameliorating financial penetration in lower stream regions. As these states are currently endeavour towards their developmental efforts and so these could provides room for improving the financial service engagements in the future.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Financial Inclusion, Penetration, Financial Inclusion Index

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In India, one of the most developing sectors is Information Technology. The IT has become more competitive service sector in India. From the beginning of this decade, IT have been facing greater challenges in terms of technological revolution, service diversification and global servicing. So, everyone cannot adapt with the change challenges that they come across in IT sector which leads to stress. Stress is been all over a human life. The impact of stress in employees of IT sector is more in numbers. And it had been common in IT sector in this era because the change Technology, competitiveness, complexity in job. In IT sector performance of a employee is more important and they need to update their knowledge in often to sustain Job Security. Hence this, study was made to find out the causes of stress in employees of IT sector and suggesting organizations to improve the stress management of the employees.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

IT Sector, Stress Management, impact of stress, job security, organizations

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Motivation is the process of stimulating the employees to attain some designated goal of an organization. Motivation is the important factor which stirs up persons to give their best performance to achieve a certain goal. This study mainly focused on defining the motivation factors and concepts, identifying the most motivating factors. Furthermore, suggestions were given to increase the employee level of motivation. To gain an intense understanding of the research topic, different motivation methods and concepts were reviewed. The purpose of the study is to find how employees are motivated in the IT sector. A questionnaire was created based on a selected theoretical framework. Around 125 samples were collected and the analysis was done by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). In conclusion, the major motivating factors such as Pay and Benefits, Working conditions, Organization effectiveness and Leadership can help to keep employees in high level of motivation. From the analysis it is clearly mentioned there is an association between the promotional opportunities and praised and recognized for the work they do.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Motivation, Employees in IT sector, pay and benefits, leadership

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

COVID-19, Online education, Pandemic, Students, Teachers, Technology.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition