Volume 14 | Issue 5

 Abstract

Universal ID cards play a crucial role in validating an individual's identity and personal credentials, serving as a gateway to essential services such as education, employment, healthcare, banking, and government welfare schemes. However, traditional identity issuance and verification mechanisms are increasingly vulnerable to forgery, data tampering, and unauthorized duplication. Legacy identity management systems are often inefficient, costly, and bureaucratic, making it difficult to prevent identity fraud and ensure real-time verification. These limitations lead to delays in authentication processes, as data must be exchanged between multiple authorities and service providers, requiring significant manual effort to confirm authenticity. To address these challenges, this project proposes a secure and efficient digital identity management framework for Universal ID cards using Blockchain Technology and Capsule Siamese Networks. Identity records are stored with pre-hashes on the blockchain to guarantee data integrity and immutability. The ID holder generates a one-time symmetric encryption key to securely transmit identity information to verifiers, preventing unauthorized access and data leakage. The blockchain's pre-hashing mechanism enables rapid detection of tampering, while Capsule Siamese Networks are employed to detect and localize forged or manipulated identity content within digital ID documents, further strengthening the verification process. By integrating blockchain, cryptographic security, and advanced deep learning techniques, the proposed system delivers a robust, transparent, and scalable solution for universal digital identity management. This approach significantly enhances the security, efficiency, and reliability of identity verification, overcomes the limitations of conventional systems, and minimizes the risk of identity fraud in modern digital ecosystems.

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 Keywords

Universal ID Card,Identity Verification,Fraud Detection,Blockchain Technology,Artificial Intelligence (AI),Capsule Siamese Networks,Digital Identity Management,Data Integrity,Cryptographic Security

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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Primary gastric lymphomas (PGLs) are uncommon tumors, accounting for about 5% of all gastric malignancies.The majority (>95%) are Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), arising from lymphoid tissue of the stomach.PGL represents a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders with varied histological subtypes. It is the second most common gastric malignancy worldwide after gastric adenocarcinoma. CASE REPORT Here we present a case of 48-year-old female patient with complaints of nausea, vomiting, weight loss & abdominal pain for 2 months. Upper GI endoscopy showed an ulcerative lesion involving the pre-pyloric region & lesser curvature, which was further confirmed by CECT abdomen. The biopsy report showed a poorly differentiated neoplasm. CONCLUSION Primary gastric NHLs are not very frequent but still not very rare. The diagnosis of gastric lymphoma can be delayed for many years due to the presence of nonspecific symptoms. Early diagnosis and histopathological subtyping have a significant impact on the prognosis and management of the patient.

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Primary gastric lymphomas, Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, Immunohistochemistry, Gastrointestinal

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The Himalayas are one of one of the largest mountain ecosystems on the planet as well as their ecosystem is dependent on the altitude, climate, as well as topography (Shrestha et al., 2012). Rhododendrons play a significant role in these ecosystems due to their ability to help to maintain forest structure the stability of soils, cycling of nutrients and habitat for wildlife (Xu et al., 2019, 2019; Pandey et al., 2019). The study investigated what the distribution vertically of species from Rhododendron on the Chopta-Tungnath trekking route within the Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary, Uttarakhand during a spring-time survey that was conducted between March 26 and 2025. The study examined the notion that Rhododendron species exhibit vertical segregation at higher altitudes, instead of being equally distributed throughout the slope of the mountain. The field observations were conducted from Sari village, which is located at around 2000m up and Chopta (2200 m) to Tungnath route at about 3200 m in a single trekking survey. The species were identified by ocular estimation as well as visual field observation. The results revealed an apparent pattern of altitudinal variation. In such respect trees were prevalent at lower elevations, while transitional forms emerged within the middle zones and shrubby forms became prominent at higher altitudes. These results support the notion that Rhododendron communities are segregated vertically across Himalayan elevation gradients, which is observed for a variety of other plant communities within mountain ecosystems (Saikia et al., 2017. Dash et al., 2021).

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Rhododendron, Vertical segregation, Altitude gradient, Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary, Himalaya Spring survey, forest ecology

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This study investigates the impact of perceived stress on job satisfaction among teachers across different levels of teaching and institutional types. Using survey responses from educators aged 25-55 with varying years of teaching experience, the research explores how workload, administrative duties, student behavior, and resource availability contribute to stress, and how these factors influence satisfaction with the teaching profession. The findings reveal that while many teachers report feeling overwhelmed by responsibilities and emotionally drained due to workload and behavioral challenges, a significant proportion still express high levels of satisfaction, accomplishment, and motivation in their roles. Teachers consistently highlight positive interactions with students and a sense of professional respect as buffers against stress. However, issues such as lack of discipline, student distraction from technology, and administrative pressures emerge as notable stressors that reduce motivation and satisfaction. Differences are observed across institution types, with government school teachers often reporting stronger feelings of security and accomplishment compared to private school counterparts. Overall, the study underscores the complex interplay between stress and satisfaction, suggesting that while stress negatively affects aspects of teachers' well-being, intrinsic rewards and supportive environments can sustain job satisfaction. These insights highlight the need for institutional strategies to mitigate stress and enhance teacher support systems.

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Perceived stress; Job satisfaction; Teachers; Workload; Administrative duties; Student behavior; Resource availability; Government schools; Private schools; Teacher well being; Institutional support

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This study explores the intertwined roles of memory and identity in postcolonial English literature, emphasizing their function as both thematic concerns and structural forces. Memory operates as a counter-discursive strategy, reclaiming suppressed histories and articulating trauma, while identity reflects the negotiation of hybridity, displacement, and cultural belonging. Drawing on theorists such as Frantz Fanon, Homi Bhabha, Edward Said, and Gayatri Spivak, the research situates postcolonial literature within the broader historical and cultural legacies of colonialism, including linguistic imposition, cultural erasure, and diasporic displacement. Through close readings of works by Salman Rushdie, Arundhati Roy, Jhumpa Lahiri, Chinua Achebe, and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, the study demonstrates how narrative strategies--fragmented storytelling, nonlinear structures, and subaltern voices--transform literature into a site of resistance and cultural renewal. Ultimately, the analysis underscores the transformative power of postcolonial literature in reshaping cultural narratives, amplifying marginalized voices, and redefining subjectivity in a globalized world.

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Postcolonial literature, memory and trauma, identity formations.

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Background : Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a progressive global health concern characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the liver. It may progress from simple steatosis to Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome, including obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance, reflecting altered metabolism and unhealthy lifestyle patterns. Its increasing prevalence highlights the need for preventive and holistic management approaches. Objective : To conceptually evaluate the role of Ayurvedic principles in understanding and managing NAFLD through correction of metabolic imbalance. Conceptual Framework / Approach : NAFLD can be correlated with Santarpanajanya Vyadhi in Ayurveda, caused by over-nutrition, sedentary habits, and impaired Agni . Agni mandya leads to Ama formation and vitiation of Kapha-Pitta Dosha, resulting in fat accumulation in Yakrit. Management includes Shodhana, Shamana therapy, Pathya diet, Vyayama, Yoga, and Pranayama. Key Hypothesis / Insights : Ayurveda helps restore Agni , reduce, and maintain Dosha balance. Conclusion : Ayurvedic management supports liver health and helps prevent disease progression. Keywords : NAFLD, Metabolic Syndrome, Ama, Shodhana, Shamana.

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Keywords : NAFLD, Metabolic Syndrome, Ama, Shodhana, Shamana.

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Meetings are central to organizational workflows but frequently result in unstructured outcomes where key decisions and action items are lost. This paper presents the Context Meeting Synthesizer, an Agentic AI-based system that converts meeting transcripts into role-specific summaries, actionable tasks, and automated reminders. The system employs a multi-agent architecture consisting of a summarization agent, task extraction agent, Jira integration agent, and email reminder agent. Experimental evaluation demonstrates reduced manual effort, improved clarity, and enhanced task accountability. The approach highlights the potential of agent-based systems for transforming conversational data into structured, execution-ready outputs.

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Agentic AI, Meeting Summarization, Task Automation, Natural Language Processing, Multi-Agent Systems, Workflow Automation.

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Abstract The primary purpose of this research is to empirically determine the extent to which age and gender affect attitudes toward women among a representative student population. The study aims to bridge the gap in understanding between two pivotal life stages: middle adolescence (ages 14-15) and emerging adulthood (ages 24-25). By comparing school students with postgraduate (PG) students, the investigation seeks to identify whether increased educational attainment and life experience correlate with a shift toward more egalitarian gender-role attitudes. This is particularly salient in a society undergoing rapid modernization while simultaneously maintaining deeply rooted traditional values. The investigation was structured around a sample of 200 participants, bifurcated into two age-specific groups of 100 each. Each group maintained an equal gender distribution of 50 males and 50 females to ensure statistical parity for comparative analysis. The central research hypothesis posited that there would be a significant effect of both age and gender on attitudes toward women. The 25-item Attitude towards Women Scale (AWS) was administered, a tool designed to place individuals on a continuum ranging from traditional conservative to pro-feminist-egalitarian. The results of the ANOVA analysis confirmed the hypothesis with high statistical significance. For the effect of age, the analysis yielded F (1,196) = 24.214, p<.001, while gender emerged as an even more powerful predictor with F (1,196) = 121.41, p <.001. The findings revealed that females across both cohorts held significantly more egalitarian attitudes (M = 61.42, SD = 7.562) than males (M = 47.47, SD = 10.154). Furthermore, school students exhibited higher levels of egalitarian attitudes than postgraduate students, suggesting a complex relationship between age, education, and gender-role perceptions. These findings highlight the influence of developmental and gender-based factors in shaping attitudes toward women and underscore the need for targeted interventions to promote gender equality across different life stages.

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Background: Mixed germ cell tumors (MGCTs) of the testis are rare neoplasms comprising two or more germ cell tumor components. They represent approximately 32-54% of all testicular germ cell tumors, with yolk sac tumor (YST) and embryonal carcinoma (EC) being among the most common admixtures. Case Presentation: We report a 36-year-old male presenting with a six-month history of painless right testicular swelling. Serological workup including HIV, HBsAg, and HCV was negative, and all tumor markers (AFP, beta-hCG, LDH) were within normal limits. Right radical inguino-orchidectomy was performed. Gross examination revealed a firm testicular mass with whorled, nodular cut surface. Histopathological examination confirmed a mixed germ cell tumor comprising 77% yolk sac tumor and 23% embryonal carcinoma components. Conclusion: This case highlights the diagnostic importance of thorough gross and microscopic examination in testicular tumors, even in the setting of normal tumor markers. Accurate component-wise histopathological characterization is essential for appropriate staging and subsequent oncological management.

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Mixed germ cell tumor; Yolk sac tumor; Embryonal carcinoma; Testicular neoplasm; Inguino-orchidectomy; Histopathology

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Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using medicinal plants has become an important area of nanotechnology due to its eco-friendly, cost-effective, and non-toxic nature. Catharanthus roseus is a medicinal plant rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds that act as reducing and stabilizing agents during nanoparticle synthesis. In this research paper, silver nanoparticles were synthesized using Catharanthus roseus leaf extract and silver nitrate solution. The formation of nanoparticles was confirmed by a color change from pale yellow to brown due to surface plasmon resonance. Characterization techniques such as UV-Visible spectroscopy, SEM, XRD, and FTIR help determine particle size, morphology, and crystalline nature. The synthesized AgNPs exhibit strong antimicrobial, antioxidant, and biomedical applications. This study highlights the importance of green nanotechnology in developing sustainable and environmentally friendly nanoparticles. Green nanotechnology has emerged as an eco-friendly approach for synthesizing nanoparticles using plant extracts. In the present study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using Catharanthus roseus leaf extract and silver nitrate solution through a green synthesis method. The phytochemicals present in the plant extract act as reducing and stabilizing agents for nanoparticle formation. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, SEM, XRD, and FTIR analysis. Due to their excellent antimicrobial properties, the AgNPs were incorporated into an antifungal cream formulation. The prepared cream was evaluated for pH, spreadability, stability, homogeneity, and antifungal activity against fungal strains such as Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The study concludes that green-synthesized silver nanoparticles from Catharanthus roseus can be effectively used in antifungal topical formulations. synthesis methods.

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Non Toxic, Anti-Microbial, Bio-Medical, Anti-Fungal.

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This paper examines the comparative analysis of Western and Indian philosophy, with a particular emphasis on the foundational ideas of Plato and Aristotle as they relate to significant philosophical concepts present in Indian philosophical traditions. The investigation explores the concepts of knowledge, morality, and existence as expressed by these ancient thinkers. Plato's idealism, defined by his Theory of Forms, presents a dualistic view of reality in which the realm of ideas holds greater significance than the physical world. This stands in opposition to Indian philosophies like Advaita Vedanta, which highlights non-dualism and the oneness of the self (Atman) with the ultimate reality (Brahman). Aristotle's empiricism and teleological perspective on nature offer a practical approach to comprehending existence and ethics, standing in stark contrast to the more abstract, frequently cyclical interpretations found in Indian philosophies such as Buddhism and Jainism. These philosophies highlight the ephemeral nature of life and stress the significance of moral action (karma) in influencing future rebirths. This paper examines the influence of the dialectical methods of Plato and Aristotle on Western philosophical thought, while also exploring the resonance and divergence of their concepts with Indian philosophical traditions. Through a thorough analysis of these philosophical frameworks, the study seeks to reveal the common questions and unique viewpoints concerning knowledge, reality, and morality. The results indicate that despite notable variations in methods and conclusions, both Western and Indian philosophies offer important perspectives on the human experience, thereby enhancing the overall philosophical dialogue worldwide. This study sheds light on the historical context and development of philosophical thought while promoting cross-cultural dialogue and understanding. It highlights the significance of these ancient philosophies in tackling modern philosophical and ethical challenges.

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Plato, Aristotle, Advaita Vedanta, Theory of Forms, Brahman

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Microstrip Patch Antenna, Oloid Geometry, S-Band Applications, Radar Systems, CST Microwave Studio, Impedance Matching, Return Loss (S11), VSWR, Radiation Characteristics, Compact Antenna.

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Patient waiting time is one of the most important indicators of hospital efficiency and service quality. Long waiting periods at registration, consultation, diagnostic services, pharmacy, and billing can negatively affect patient satisfaction and overall hospital experience. This study aims to understand the major reasons behind extended waiting times in hospitals and identify practical ways to improve patient flow. The research examines factors such as patient load, staff availability, workflow management, communication gaps, and the use of technology. Data was collected from patients through surveys and observation of hospital processes. The findings show that delays are mainly caused by overcrowding, manual processes, staff shortages, and poor coordination between departments. The study suggests adopting digital systems, improving scheduling, and strengthening interdepartmental communication to reduce waiting time and improve healthcare service delivery.

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Hospital Waiting Time, Patient Flow, Patient Satisfaction, Hospital Efficiency, Healthcare Management, Service Quality, Workflow Management, OPD Delay

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This paper presents the design and development of an intelligent AI-powered travel planning system titled Dynamic Affective Geo-Recommendation Engine for Transformative Mile-Based Engagement. The proposed platform functions as a web-based conversational assistant that enables users to plan trips through Natural Language Processing (NLP) and machine learning techniques. Unlike conventional travel portals that demand manual navigation across fragmented resources, the system interprets user queries in plain conversational language, extracts contextual parameters such as budget, travel duration, and personal interests, and delivers organized, personalized destination recommendations. The recommendation engine employs a trained intent-classification model built on the NLTK toolkit and a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) neural network. The chatbot module communicates in real time, offering relevant destination insights and structured travel guidance. The system architecture is modular and scalable, consisting of a user interface layer, an NLP processing engine, a machine learning classification module, a structured intent knowledge base, and a map visualization component for location-based output. Evaluation results demonstrated consistent accuracy in intent recognition and recommendation relevance across varied user input types. The system effectively reduces decision-making complexity, enhances user interaction quality, and supports efficient trip planning through an intelligent, user-centric interface.

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AI Travel Planner, Natural Language Processing, Chatbot, Destination Recommendation, Itinerary Planning, Machine Learning, NLTK, Intent Recognition, Personalized Recommendations.

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Access to justice is a basic right as per Article 39A of the Constitution of India, whereby the state is committed to providing equal justice and free legal assistance. Yet, the Indian judicial framework has been infested with delays, arrears, and procedural complexity for years, rendering most individuals inaccessible to justice. As of 2024, more than 50 million cases are pending across Indian courts, with some remaining on the shelf for decades. This crisis calls for a revolution of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanism, which provides quicker, cheaper, and amicable solutions to disputes' has mechanisms like arbitration, mediation, conciliation, and negotiation, which operate outside the conventional court litigation. They are becoming more and more observed internationally for their applications to clear congestion from courts and make justice more accessible. Indian laws like the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, and the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987, have provided legal acceptance to ADR. ADR has not been utilized to its potential, though, by way of unawareness, institutional capacity, and problems of enforcement. This research paper discusses the current state of ADR in India, determines the defining challenges, and proposes reforms to strengthen ADR mechanisms for improved access to justice. The study relies on a mix methodology wherein legal provisions, judicial precedents, and empirical studies are examined to assess the effectiveness of ADR.

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Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR), Access to Justice, Arbitration and Mediation, Judicial Reforms, Legal Framework in India

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Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major communicable disease burden in India, requiring efficient case notification, treatment monitoring, follow-up, and documentation. The Government of India has introduced the Nikshay App as a digital platform under the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme to strengthen TB case management. Nursing students, as future healthcare providers, play a crucial role in utilizing such digital tools; however, inadequate knowledge regarding the application may hinder effective TB control. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding the role of the Nikshay App in TB case management among nursing students in selected nursing institutes of Hyderabad. A quantitative research approach was adopted with a sample size of 102, accounting for a 5% attrition rate, and participants were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using a self-structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The final study included 100 participants. Pre-test findings revealed that 61% of students had inadequate knowledge, 37% had moderate knowledge, and only 2% had adequate knowledge. Following the structured teaching programme, there was a marked improvement, with only 8% demonstrating inadequate knowledge, 71% having moderate knowledge, and 21% achieving adequate knowledge. The mean post-test knowledge score (19.97) was significantly higher than the pre-test score (12.87) and paired t-test analysis confirmed a statistically significant difference, indicating the effectiveness of the intervention. Chi-square analysis showed significant associations between knowledge and variables such as age, gender, prior curriculum exposure to the Nikshay App, and participation in related training, while no significant association was found with year of study, prior awareness, or clinical postings in TB-related settings. The study concludes that structured teaching programmes are effective in enhancing knowledge and competency of nursing students in utilizing digital health tools for TB case management. Keywords: Tuberculosis, Nikshay App, Nursing students

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Tuberculosis, NIKSHAY App, Nursing students, NTEP, DOTS

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This study examines the financial behavior of Gen Z investors with special focus on Hyderabad district, aiming to understand the factors influencing their investment decisions, risk preferences, and financial goals. The research adopts a quantitative approach and is based on primary data collected through a structured Likert-scale questionnaire administered to 90 Gen Z respondents who are registered members of Angel One. A convenience sampling technique was employed, and statistical tools such as percentage analysis, regression analysis, and factor analysis were used to interpret the data. The findings reveal that the majority of respondents are mid-Gen Z professionals aged 24-26 with moderate income levels and stable salaried employment as their primary investment source. Despite being digitally active, Gen Z investors show a stronger preference for safer investment avenues such as Fixed Deposits and Recurring Deposits over high-risk assets like cryptocurrencies and NFTs, indicating a moderate risk appetite. Learning and experimentation emerged as the most influential factor driving investment decisions, followed by long-term wealth creation and retirement planning. The study also highlights the significant role of peer reviews, financial advisors, and technology-enabled investment tools in shaping informed decision-making. Overall, the research concludes that Gen Z investors in Hyderabad are goal-oriented, knowledge-driven, and technologically empowered, with a strong focus on long-term financial security rather than short-term speculative gains.

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Financial Behavior, Gen Z Investors, Investment Decisions, Risk Preferences, Financial Literacy, Long-Term Wealth Creation.

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Louise Erdrich is widely recognized as a major contemporary Native American writer whose fiction explores identity, justice, and the socio political realities of Indigenous communities. The Round House offers a powerful examination of justice within a reservation setting, where legal authority is fragmented and often ineffective. This paper analyzes the representation of justice through visual, symbolic, and structural elements in the novel. By focusing on the journey of Joe Coutts, a young boy seeking justice for his mother, the study reveals how justice operates not as a linear legal outcome but as a cyclical and culturally embedded process. The analysis emphasizes the importance of space, particularly the round house, as a symbol of continuity and moral balance. Furthermore, the paper explores themes of trauma, legal failure, and community resilience to demonstrate how Erdrich critiques institutional systems while highlighting Indigenous perspectives on justice and healing.

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identity, justie, symbol, trauma

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Rapid urbanization in India, particularly across emerging Tier-2 cities, has intensified transportation and infrastructure pressures. Increasing population density and the growing number of private vehicles have contributed to challenges such as road congestion, environmental degradation, poor public transport integration, and unplanned land consumption. In response to these concerns, Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) is being recognized as an effective urban planning strategy that supports sustainable and integrated city growth through development concentrated around mass transit corridors. This study explores the significance of Transit-Oriented Development in enhancing urban mobility in Tier-2 Indian cities. It analyses the impact of TOD concepts including compact urban form, mixed-use land patterns, pedestrian-friendly environments, and improved accessibility to public transportation systems. The study focuses on how these measures can minimize reliance on personal vehicles while strengthening the efficiency and sustainability of urban transport networks. The research methodology is based on secondary sources such as planning policies, government publications, academic studies, metro rail documentation, and urban development reports. The analysis reveals that TOD has considerable potential to increase public transport usage, promote non-motorized transportation such as walking and cycling, decrease traffic-related problems, and encourage environmentally responsible urban expansion. However, several barriers continue to hinder its effective implementation, including limited inter-agency coordination, insufficient pedestrian and cycling infrastructure, financial constraints, and challenges related to land administration and regulation. The paper concludes that coordinated integration between transportation systems and land use planning is necessary for the successful adoption of Transit-Oriented Development in Indian cities.

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Transit-Oriented Development, Urban Mobility, Sustainable Planning, Public Transport, Tier-2 Cities, Urban Development.

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This research explores the adaptive reuse of a ruined Portuguese-era church located in the campus of Our Lady of Fatima Convent School, Moti Daman. The project proposes transforming the structure into a children's learning and living centre, combining a heritage library with residential facilities for orphan children. The study focuses on interior design strategies that preserve historical identity while integrating modern functionality. Through literature study, case studies, and site analysis, the research demonstrates how adaptive reuse can serve both heritage conservation and social welfare.

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Adaptive reuse, heritage conservation, children's centre, ruined church, interior design, Daman, Portuguese architecture.

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