Volume 14 | Issue 5

 Abstract

This article analyses how climate justice and social inequality are portrayed in two contemporary novels: Barbara Kingsolver's Prodigal Summer and Kim Stanley Robinson's New York 2140. While the former depicts rural settings with the focus on the present-day problems, the latter portrays urban scenarios of the future following a devastating catastrophe. Both novels demonstrate that climate disasters exacerbate the already existing social inequalities in society. Set in rural southern Appalachia, Kingsolver's book illustrates a farmer's struggle to balance profit and environmental conservation. According to Kingsolver, rural people need to attract greater attention because they are not discussed during climate change negotiations but are much more vulnerable to environmental problems. Conversely, Robinson's New York 2140 depicts a submerged Manhattan reimagined as a "Super-Venice", where the actual elevation of a residence reflects its occupant's socio-economic standing. Robinson criticises global finance capital's attempts to turn environmental disasters into commodities, making rising sea levels a new place for gentrification. This article looks at the characters' journeys and the physical settings of both novels to show that both authors see climate justice not just as a technical or scientific problem to be solved but as a social project based on community resilience, closing the wealth gap, and fundamentally rethinking how people interact with the natural world. These two novels assert that it is impossible to significantly alter the world without dealing with the social inequalities that are a big part of our time.

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 Keywords

: climate justice, social inequality, Barbara Kingsolver, Kim Stanley Robinson, Appalachia, urban ecology, sustainability.

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A Snowflake-Inspired Slotted Hexagonal Microstrip Patch Antenna (SSHMPA) incorporating five asymmetric inward-pointing triangular slots over a Rogers RT/duroid 5880 dielectric substrate (er = 2.2, h = 0.254 mm) is presented for millimeter-wave 5G NR operation centered at 28 GHz. Electromagnetic simulation conducted in CST Studio Suite 2025 validates that the introduced asymmetric slot arrangement achieves a -10 dB impedance bandwidth of 2.3 GHz, which is approximately nine times greater than that of the plain hexagonal reference structure. The verified performance figures include a return loss of -11.50 dB, a voltage standing wave ratio of 1.724, a realized gain of 5.28 dBi, and a radiation efficiency value of 86.9 percent at the resonant point of 27.94 GHz.

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 Keywords

Snowflake slot antenna, Hexagonal patch, 28 GHz mmWave, 5G NR, Multi-mode resonance, Bandwidth widening, CST simulation, Impedance matching, Slot loading

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Social Media Advertising, Advertisement Credibility, Consumer Buying Behaviour, Influencer Marketing, Purchase Intention, SPSS Analysis, Digital Advertising, India.

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Maharashtra rajyatil shasanmany shatakottar taluka 'A' varg sarvajanik granthalayanche sanganakikaran: ek abhyas

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Maharashtra rajyatil shasanmany shatakottar taluka 'A' varg sarvajanik granthalayanche sanganakikaran: ek abhyas

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract : This study provides a comprehensive overview of the socio-economic impacts of solar irrigation on farmers in the Anand and Narmada districts and changes in agriculture. o Purpose: The main objective of this study is to know the socio-economic impacts on the farmers due to the use of solar irrigation pumps in the Anand and Narmada districts and to examine the changes in agriculture due to the use of solar energy. o Design: During the year 2024-25, a total of 124 farmer-beneficiaries from Anand and Narmada districts adopting solar irrigation pumps have been selected. Primary Data has been collected through a structured questionnaire using the stratified random sampling method. o Findings: The findings of this study are that beneficiary respondents are socially and economically prosperous compared to non-beneficiaries of Solar Irrigation Pumps. Compared to the Anand District, the cultivated area of the Narmada District increased After Solar Irrigation. Further, summer acreage increased significantly After Solar Irrigation due to the earlier unavailability of Irrigation facilities in the Narmada District. In Anand and Narmada Districts, solar irrigation has had a positive effect on Cropping Intensity. In addition, Cropping Intensity has changed more in the Narmada District than in the Anand District. After the Solar Irrigation in the Narmada District, there has been a massive increase in the area under summer cultivation. o Keywords: Solar-Powered Irrigation, Cropping Intensity, Cropping Pattern. o JEL Code: Q01, Q15,Q16, Q42.

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o Keywords: Solar-Powered Irrigation, Cropping Intensity, Cropping Pattern.

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Traditional approaches to monitoring energy consumption often rely on basic meters or manual observation, which provide limited information about real-time usage. These methods are time-consuming, lack detailed analysis, and do not offer continuous monitoring of electrical loads. In many cases, users are unable to track individual load consumption or identify inefficient energy usage patterns. Additionally, the absence of remote access makes it difficult to monitor energy data from different locations. These limitations reduce the effectiveness of energy management and hinder timely detection of abnormal consumption or faults. To overcome these challenges, this paper presents an IoT-based energy monitoring system using Raspberry Pi Pico W. The proposed system measures electrical parameters such as current and estimates energy consumption for multiple loads. The collected data is processed by the controller and transmitted to a cloud platform for real-time monitoring and analysis. Users can access this data remotely, enabling better understanding and management of energy usage. The system eliminates the need for manual intervention and provides continuous monitoring with improved convenience. It also offers features such as data logging, remote accessibility, and visualization of energy consumption patterns. Although the system is not intended for billing-grade accuracy, it provides a practical and cost-effective solution for real-time energy monitoring applications. Overall, the proposed system supports efficient energy utilization by providing users with meaningful insights into their consumption behavior, making it suitable for residential and small-scale applications.

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IoT, Energy Monitoring System, Raspberry Pi Pico W, Smart Energy Management, Real-Time Monitoring, Cloud-Based Data Logging, Load Analysis

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VIS- volume incentive spiromeretry, OMAS- oromotor assessment scale

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Side channel attacks (SCA) attack the hardware implementation of cryptography, but not the algorithms themselves. The attacks involve monitoring physical parameters that are affected by secret key operations in the hardware implementation and using statistical correlation techniques to recover the keys. Cryptographic chips used in embedded systems, smart cards, hardware security modules (HSMs), and SoCs are especially susceptible due to their limited physical environment. This paper reviews the various hardware techniques for defending against SCAs on power and timing channels. Wave Dynamic Differential Logic (WDDL), hardware masking techniques based on Boolean secret sharing and Threshold Implementations, constant time architecture design, and clock randomization are among those studied. These methods are analyzed for their effectiveness, cost in terms of area and performance overhead, scalability, and residual leaks. A comparative analysis will show the pros and cons of each technique in terms of PPA. Future directions for research include composable defense strategies and leakage verification for SCA-resilient cryptographic hardware.

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Side-Channel Attacks; Differential Power Analysis; WDDL; Hardware Masking; Constant-Time Design; Clock Randomization; Cryptographic Hardware Security

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The wooden wardrobe (almirah) designs of Saharanpur are well known for their traditional craftsmanship and detailed wood carving. In the past, these wardrobes were heavy, decorative and made mainly from solid wood. However, with changing lifestyles and modern needs, their designs have gradually changed. This study focuses on how the trends in wooden wardrobe design have evolved over time. Today, people prefer simple, space-saving and functional furniture. As a result, Saharanpur wardrobes are now being made in lighter designs with less carving and more useful features like extra storage, shelves and modular parts. New materials such as glass and metal are also sometimes combined with wood to give a modern look. The study shows that modernization has helped improve both design and usability while still keeping some traditional elements. Overall, the change in design trends reflects a balance between old craftsmanship and new ideas, helping Saharanpur furniture stay popular in today's market. Saharanpur is a renowned traditional craft that represents a rich blend of artistic heritage, cultural influences and skilled craftsmanship. Known as the "Wood Carving City," Saharanpur has been a major center for wooden handicrafts since at least the 14th century, with strong influences from Mughal, Persian and Indian design traditions. The craft primarily involves carving intricate patterns such as floral motifs, geometric designs and lattice (jaali) work on woods like sheesham and teak. Artisans use traditional hand tools to create a wide range of products, including furniture, decorative panels and utility items. The production process is highly skilled and often collaborative, involving stages like carving, inlay work, polishing, and finishing. Saharanpur's wood carving industry is not only an artistic tradition but also an important economic activity, supporting thousands of artisans and contributing to both domestic and international markets. Over time, the craft has evolved by incorporating modern designs while preserving its traditional identity. Wood carving in Saharanpur stands as a significant example of India's handicraft heritage, combining creativity, tradition and livelihood and continuing to thrive as a globally recognized art form.

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: Saharanpur, wooden wardrobe, practice status, new design possibilities, modern creativity.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The banking sector plays a vital role in the economic development of a country, and its efficiency largely depends on the quality of human resources. This study focuses on the recruitment and selection practices adopted in the banking sector, with the objective of analyzing their effectiveness, challenges, and recent trends. The research examines various recruitment sources such as internal hiring, campus recruitment, employee referrals, and digital platforms, along with selection methods including aptitude tests, interviews, group discussions, and background verification. The study is based on both primary and secondary data. Primary data is collected through surveys and interviews with bank employees and HR professionals, while secondary data is obtained from journals, reports, and official banking websites. The findings indicate that the adoption of digital recruitment tools and online assessment methods has significantly improved the efficiency and transparency of hiring processes. However, challenges such as high competition for skilled talent, lengthy selection procedures, and bias in evaluation still persist.The study concludes that while the banking sector has modernized its recruitment and selection processes, there is a need for continuous improvement through the use of advanced technologies, structured interview techniques, and unbiased assessment systems. Effective recruitment and selection practices can enhance employee performance, reduce turnover, and contribute to overall organizational success.

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Banking, Human resource Management, Recruitment and Selection.

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Urban Heat Island (UHI) is a critical environmental phenomenon characterized by elevated temperatures in urban areas compared to surrounding rural regions. While previous research has predominantly focused on building density and land use, the role of road infrastructure as a major contributor to urban heat dynamics remains underexplored. This study investigates the impact of road infrastructure on UHI intensity within the municipal boundaries of Sambhajinagar, a rapidly urbanizing tier-2 city in India. The research adopts a spatio-temporal analytical approach, integrating road network characteristics, surface temperature variations, and urban morphology. It examines how road density, material properties, traffic intensity, and vegetation cover influence localized heat accumulation. The findings indicate that asphalt-based road networks significantly contribute to heat storage and delayed heat release, intensifying nighttime temperatures. High-density road zones exhibit greater surface temperatures and stronger UHI effects compared to peripheral areas with lower infrastructure intensity. The study also highlights the role of urban canyon geometry and reduced vegetation in exacerbating heat retention along major corridors. The paper concludes that road infrastructure must be integrated into urban climate planning frameworks to mitigate UHI effects effectively.

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Urban Heat Island, road infrastructure, surface temperature, spatio-temporal analysis, Sambhajinagar, urban morphology

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The healthcare is one of the important research field in the current situation with the rapid improvement of technology and data. The primary concern of this research work is the usage of machine learning techniques for predicting heart diseases using clinical and symptom-related information. Considering the fast-growing volume of medical records, it becomes difficult to rely on conventional approaches to the analysis of data. Machine learning is used to examine huge amounts of data quickly and detect patterns linked to diseases. To build predictive models, the present study employs the dataset related to Cleveland Heart Disease, provided by the UCI Machine Learning Repository available at Kaggle. Several approaches to classifying information and developing predictive models will be examined, such as the Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, and Random Forest. In particular, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) technique is important to discuss because it is highly effective in solving classification problems by defining an optimal hyperplane to differentiate points in multidimensional space. This System will be implemented using SVM Algorithm. It is classification based machine learning algorithm.

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support vector machine, heart disease, machine learning, supervised, unsupervised.

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Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) are important components of modern software systems that enable communication between different applications. APIs use parameters in requests to retrieve customized data and perform specific operations. However, changes in request parameters can significantly affect response accuracy and system performance. This research investigates the impact of API parameter variation using different test cases such as valid parameters, missing parameters, invalid parameters, unnecessary extra parameters, and large input values. Experimental testing was performed on REST APIs using standard API testing tools. Metrics such as response time, error rate, status code, and output correctness were analyzed. The results indicate that valid parameters provide the highest efficiency and most accurate responses, while incorrect or excessive parameters increase processing time and error frequency. This study highlights the importance of parameter validation and optimized request design for reliable API development.

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- API, REST API, Parameters, Performance Testing, Response Accuracy, HTTP Requests, Web Services

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The rapid growth of mobile health applications has increased the need for intelligent and personalized wellness systems. This paper presents Fitness Agent, an AI-powered fitness tracker that provides personalized health guidance through daily check-ins. The system evaluates seven wellness categories using a weighted scoring algorithm to generate a daily fitness score and detect health trends. A conversational AI assistant offers context-aware recommendations based on user history and goals. The application is developed using a cross-platform mobile framework and deployed on a serverless cloud architecture, enabling low-cost operation and fast response times. Testing across multiple devices confirmed consistent scoring accuracy and reliable AI performance. The system demonstrates that scalable, low-cost, and personalized health monitoring can be achieved using modern AI technologies.

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fitness tracking, artificial intelligence, mobile health, wellness scoring, trend analysis, serverless architecture, natural language processing

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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?????? ?????-???????, ???-????, ?????????, ???????????? ????????, ??????? ???????

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Young Indian consumers have joined a new digital trend that combines their social media usage with their desire to purchase expensive products. The study investigates Instagram's de-influencing trend, which causes content creators to stop people from buying popular but worthless and substandard products. The Gen Z and Millennial demographic group shows advanced influencer fatigue because of influencer marketing, which now reaches its highest saturation point through excessive product endorsements and a lack of marketing transparency. The research study uses qualitative analysis to study messaging patterns and six case studies, which demonstrate how major de-influencers create a new source credibility model. The study shows that current users value perceived authenticity and informational social influence more than traditional celebrity charm. The study examines these trends, affecting 28% of Indian Gen Z through their financial insecurity and increasing dedication to sustainability. The research shows that de-influencing content, which includes genuine product reviews and affordable product recommendations, functions as an educational tool that fights against aspirational spending and excessive consumerism, which traditional marketing drives. The movement promotes conscious consumption, which leads young Indians to choose products based on their practicality and environmental impact instead of social media advertising. The paper shows that de-influencing has evolved into a permanent shift, which has transformed how consumers behave in digital spaces while showing that social commerce enters an age of rationality and consumer empowerment.

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De-influencing, Indian Gen Z, Influencer Fatigue, Mindful Consumption

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In Vedic cosmology, time unfolds through vast and repeating cycles rather than linear progression. For example, yugas within kalpas that cycle perpetually from creation (srishti) through preservation, decay and finally dissolution (pralaya). This paper analyses Back to the Future (1985) as a secular and popular embodiment of this Kala Chakra. Marty McFly's DeLorean navigates through timeline ripples that reflect cosmic flux. Parental alterations trigger existential fading like Kali Yuga entropy. These crises are resolved through lightning-struck resets, similar to divine renewal. The film's mechanics, such as flux capacitor activations, photo erasures, and perfected returns, emerge as playful visualisations of eternal recurrence, contrasting Western linear causality. By bridging ancient metaphysics and 1980s science fiction, it democratises cyclical time, which in turn offers moksha-like timeline harmony without explicit spirituality. This reading uncovers an unrecognised Vedic resonance in the mainstream cinema.

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Vedic cosmology, cyclical time, kala chakra, Back to the Future, yuga cycles.

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Stock market prediction, ensemble learning, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, technical indicators, feature engineering, NIFTY 50, SENSEX, Flask REST API, financial forecasting, RSI, MACD, machine learning

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Rudy Wiebe is a forerunner of restoring the 'Ignored History' and a devoted writer who turned his attention to the indigenous history of Western Canada at the crucial period when the Dominion Government ruled over Canada. Western Canada was in the position of opening the great West to European settlers and contrastingly encompassing the aboriginal people on reserves. Wiebe in his novel -The Temptations of Big Bear (1973) depict the period of social, cultural, political, and racial upheaval. The fiction writing of Wiebe remains a complex act of reading, as it is mainly based on afresh and innovative style. His works almost employ narrative practices, multiple voices, and through shifts in perspective and time. The status of natives and whites re-imposed in Canadian society has been exposed by Wiebe. Mennonite themes are not the only concern of Rudy Wiebe in his fiction. The concern of original inhabitants, the native Indians, and other politically marginalized minorities, like the Metis, form part of commitment to humanity. Wiebe gives voice to the repressed agony lying deep inside history. He carefully unearths these voices and listens patiently. Wiebe's novel The Temptations of Big deal with the past of native Indians and Metis respectively. Early Canadian literature was dominantly white; the natives were portrayed as savage and primitive as opposed to civilized white culture. As Monkman says: "The Natives were treated as the embodiment of ideals and principles defeated or disregarded by the white man..." (102).

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Postcolonialism, Hegemony, Hybridity, Primitive, Marginalization etc

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Management of all the content in the courses, student progress, attendance in an efficient way is still a big challenge in the universities and organizations which results in unorganized data and less transparency into student's performance. The already present methods in the market are time consuming and take lots of hard work for the educators to maintain a proper track of learning path and provide proper guidance to the students. To overcome these limitations, the proposed "Learning Path Dashboard" is developed to provide a web based solution that combines automated learning path creation along with attendance management and resources. The platform under the supervision of the teacher automatically generates a learning path according to the course duration and along with that the educators can also upload the resources such as videos, images, pdf's with each topic. It also has attendance tracking which has a record of daily participation and also links it with the topics covered that day to highlight the learning gaps. The system is built using a React-based frontend and with Material UI features whereas the backend is handled using spring boot to ensure smooth performance and scalability. Some important features include dynamic topic planning, centralized resource handling, attendance monitoring and performance tracking through an interactive dashboard. With this approach, the system supports better and easier academic management, rescues the load of manual efforts, and helps improve the student learning.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Learning Path Dashboard, Educational Technology, Learning Path Generation, Student Performance, Tracking, Attendance Management System, Resource Integration, Web-Based Application, React.js, Material UI, Spring Boot, Data-Driven Education, Academic Analytics, E-Learning Systems.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition