Volume 14 | Issue 5

 Abstract

Indian Railways has often struggled with many empty seats on trains because individuals cancel at the last-minute or do not show up or exit a train before their final destination. When the train is in motion, the existing static on-board reservation system has no capability for real-time knowledge and distribution of vacant seats or to shuffle them. As a result, the railways are losing revenue for which they have already received money and this is a major issue where RAC and waitlisted passengers do not get confirmation of berths. In this work, an innovative real-time seat management solution, which uses IoT sensors to detect seat occupancy automatically, GPS to track the position of trains and confirm departures, and Firebase Real-time Database for live integration of seat information, is presented. Authenticated users have the opportunity to log in by entering one-time passwords to their mobiles, view missed seats currently available in real time, choose one, and pay for booking through Razorpay. The proposed system allows for immediate allocation of empty seats even after the train leaves, thus ensuring maximum utilization of the available seats without requiring any manual efforts. The initial results indicate successful real-time monitoring and dynamic allocation of tickets.

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 Keywords

Internet of Things (IoT), Real-Time Seat Allocation, Railway Reservation System, Missed Ticket Booking, GPS Tracking, Firebase Realtime Database, Dynamic Ticketing, OTP Authentication

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 Abstract

Swatantra Bharat ke samvidhan nirman mein mahilaon ka aitihasik yogdan Durgabai Deshmukh Sucheta Kriplani aur Rajkumari Amrit Kaur

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Swatantra Bharat ke samvidhan nirman mein mahilaon ka aitihasik yogdan Durgabai Deshmukh Sucheta Kriplani aur Rajkumari Amrit Kaur

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We present a mathematical model for the transition region between Newtonian and non- Newtonian regimes in shear flows, treating the transition as a thin multi-scale boundary layer. Using matched asymptotic expansions (outer Newtonian region, outer non-Newtonian region, and an inner transition layer with stretched variables) we derive leading and higher-order asymptotic solutions for velocity and stress fields. A systematic composite expansion for the Cauchy stress tensor is constructed to produce a uniformly valid approximation across the entire domain. The asymptotic solutions are compared to a reference numerical solution (finite- difference method) to quantify the accuracy of the composite model and to show how material parameters and transition thickness affect profiles and stress continuity. The analysis highlights structural constraints on commonly used rheological models in boundary-layer contexts and provides a general framework for improved closure models in the transition stage. The framework is motivated by multi-scale, model-free approaches and matched asymptotic constraints.

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matched asymptotic, boundary layer, multi-scale expansion, Newtonian -> non- Newtonian transition, composite stress tensor, power-law / Carreau models, asymptotic matching, rheological transition, singular perturbation

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Archiving of Surendrapuri" the grand temple complex and mythological awareness center of pancamukha Hanumadeeswara devasthanam, it is located in united Nalgonda district of Telanagana is an artistic marvel, unique and unprecedented in India. It is located on a holy expanse in the natural and beautiful panoramic surroundings, near away from the famous temple, Yadagirigutta and 60 km away from the state capital, Hyderabad. It is built as a Devotees Paradise and a great mythological museum center in India. In religion and spirituality, a site is a long journey or search of great moral significance. Sometimes, it is a travel to a sacred place or shrine of importance to a not faith. Members of every major religion participate in the set. A person who makes such a journey is called a mythological museum. This mythology marvels is the brainchild of a great visionary Sri Kunda Satyanarayana. Hailing from a poor family in a small village, Sri Kunda Satyanarayana had neither formal higher education nor any extensive travel background of distant museum/ center's, except a great love for our culture and tradition. After the death of his youngest son, Surendra Babu, he intensely desired to do something in his memory and the idea of building a mythological park came up in his mind. He didn't know how to do or how to go about it. This was opened on Sunday8th/02/2009. Inaugurated by Sri N.D Tiwari. (Governor of united A.P). It deals to archiving museum art object works. Historical Background of Surendrapuri, Objects like sculpture and wall paintings those data collation, Description of figures, Background, Usages of Materials, size of figures, How Many Figures are there. Store of lakes, Temples of stories, Description of the temple, type of temple. Methodology like Importance of Photography few places why has been not allowed photos .Issues of the Name of Site like Vadigudem Peoples are saying Under Surendrapuri is under Vadigudem, but there are not showing under vadigudem. Analysis like Tradition of after death memorials in Telangana? And SurendrapuriInterviewing on Surendrapuri and Photograhps of Surendra Puri. Conclusion like how it is useful if as researchers, learning about few things, the way of understanding art.

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Mythological Center, Art, Painting, Indian Mythological History& Culture, & Artisans.

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The rapid digitalization of healthcare has increased the adoption of Hospital Information Systems (HIS) to enhance efficiency, data management, and patient care. However, many healthcare facilities, particularly small and medium-sized hospitals, struggle with effective implementation and sustained use of these systems due to operational, financial, and organizational challenges. This study examines the role of Quality Management Systems (QMS) in supporting successful HIS adoption and bridging the gap between technology and practice in Indian healthcare settings. A mixed-methods research design was used, combining primary data collected from 25 healthcare facilities with secondary literature on technology adoption and healthcare quality standards. Statistical analysis, including Chi-square and ANOVA tests, was conducted to assess relationships between facility characteristics, IT budgets, and system integration levels. The findings reveal a significant digital divide, with tertiary hospitals demonstrating higher levels of HIS integration compared to primary and secondary facilities. Financial constraints, lack of training, poor system integration, and workflow misalignment were identified as key barriers to adoption. The study highlights that aligning QMS practices--such as standard operating procedures, training, audits, and risk management--with the HIS lifecycle significantly improves adoption outcomes and operational stability. Based on these insights, a structured framework is proposed to guide healthcare organizations in implementing HIS more effectively. The study contributes to both theory and practice by integrating quality management principles with technology adoption models and offers actionable recommendations for policymakers, healthcare administrators, and solution providers to enable scalable, affordable, and sustainable digital transformation.

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Hospital Information Systems (HIS), Quality Management Systems (QMS), eQMS, Healthcare Digital Transformation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study explores how the purpose of a space shapes the way its interiors are designed and experienced, especially in heritage buildings. While most discussions around heritage architecture focus on how buildings look from the outside, this research shifts attention inward--towards the interiors and the role function plays in shaping them. By comparing two historically significant structures from Indore Rajwada (1747) and Lal Baug Palace (1920) the study highlights how different uses, contexts, and time periods influence spatial design. Rajwada, primarily administrative in nature, reflects functionality through its spatial hierarchy and movement patterns, whereas Lal Baug Palace, built for residential and leisure purposes, expresses itself through scale, ornamentation, and material richness. Through documentation, observation, and comparative analysis, the research examines aspects like spatial flow, proportions, detailing, and material language. It aims to understand how these elements are not just aesthetic choices but responses to functional needs and historical context. Ultimately, the study offers insights that can guide contemporary design approaches, especially in heritage conservation and adaptive reuse, by emphasizing that interiors are not just designed they evolve from purpose.

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Interior Architectural Expression

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 Abstract

Today's recruitment environment demands a data-driven methodology that can address the shortcomings of the disconnect between educational training and industrial needs. Traditional placement management systems have been manually operated and do not contain any qualitative evaluation mechanisms. In this paper, we propose a Career Readiness & Placement Insights Platform implemented using the MERN stack (MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, Node.js). Our implementation contains mechanisms for automation of skill evaluation, intelligent job placements, and analytical dashboards. With this framework of interaction among students, employers, and administrators, our prototype experiments show promising results in minimizing administration costs and maximizing student involvement in career opportunities.

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MERN Stack, Career Readiness, Placement Automation, Data Analytics, Job Matching Algorithm, Web Engineering.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The growth of the digital economy has transformed traditional market structures, leading to the rise of powerful technology platforms such as Google, Amazon, Apple, Meta, and Microsoft. These companies derive their dominance from data control, network effects, and platform-based ecosystems, creating significant challenges for competition law. This paper examines how the Competition Act, 2002 addresses abuse of dominant position in digital markets. It argues that traditional tools of competition law, which focus on price and market share, are often inadequate in digital environments where services are frequently offered at zero cost and competition is driven by data and user engagement. The study analyses key practices such as self-preferencing, predatory pricing, and data-driven dominance, along with relevant case laws. It concludes that while the existing framework is important, there is a need for more proactive and adaptive regulation to ensure fair competition in India's digital markets.

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Digital Marketing , Abuse of Dominance, Big Tech,Data Monopoly, Competition Law

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Real-time communication has become an essential requirement for modern web applications because users demand instant messaging and collaborative tools and they need continuous interaction with the system. The traditional messaging systems demonstrate three fundamental limitations which include their inability to handle increased user demand and their slow response times and their failure to provide immediate communication services. The Real-Time Chat Application development establishes its function through the MERN stack which includes MongoDB and Express.js and React.js and Node.js. The proposed system enables users to send instant messages through one-to-one and group chat features which use Socket.IO for delivering messages in real-time. The user interface of React.js creates a dynamic experience which operates in real time while Node.js and Express.js perform server-side processing tasks and manage API requests. The database system of MongoDB enables safe and expandable storage for user profiles and chat histories and message metadata. The system underwent complete testing through functional and load and real-time performance assessments to verify its ability to operate reliably while maintaining low latency and handling multiple users at the same time. The chat application uses a full-stack JavaScript architecture together with real-time communication protocols to deliver a secure and efficient and scalable messaging platform which functions well for social networking and customer support and collaborative platforms. The project demonstrates that contemporary real-time communication systems which meet current digital communication needs can be built through MERN stack technology ye content aur jo neche diya gaya content me kon sa sahi hai jada Real-time communication has become an essential requirement for modern web applications because users demand instant messaging and collaborative tools and they need continuous interaction with the system. The traditional messaging systems demonstrate three fundamental limitations which include their inability to handle increased user demand and their slow response times and their failure to provide immediate communication services. The Real-Time Chat Application development establishes its function through the MERN stack which includes MongoDB and Express.js and React.js and Node.js. The proposed system enables users to send instant messages through one-to-one and group chat features which use Socket.IO for delivering messages in real-time. The user interface of React.js creates a dynamic experience which operates in real time while Node.js and Express.js perform server-side processing tasks and manage API requests. The database system of MongoDB enables safe and expandable storage for user profiles and chat histories and message metadata. The system underwent complete testing through functional and load and real-time performance assessments to verify its ability to operate reliably while maintaining low latency and handling multiple users at the same time. The chat application uses a full-stack JavaScript architecture together with real-time communication protocols to deliver a secure and efficient and scalable messaging platform which functions well for social networking and customer support and collaborative platforms. The project demonstrates that contemporary real-time communication systems which meet current digital communication needs can be built through MERN stack technology ye content aur jo neche diya gaya content me kon sa sahi hai jada Real-time communication has become an essential requirement for modern web applications because users demand instant messaging and collaborative tools and they need continuous interaction with the system. The traditional messaging systems demonstrate three fundamental limitations which include their inability to handle increased user demand and their slow response times and their failure to provide immediate communication services. The Real-Time Chat Application development establishes its function through the MERN stack which includes MongoDB and Express.js and React.js and Node.js. The proposed system enables users to send instant messages through one-to-one and group chat features which use Socket.IO for delivering messages in real-time. The user interface of React.js creates a dynamic experience which operates in real time while Node.js and Express.js perform server-side processing tasks and manage API requests. The database system of MongoDB enables safe and expandable storage for user profiles and chat histories and message metadata. The system underwent complete testing through functional and load and real-time performance assessments to verify its ability to operate reliably while maintaining low latency and handling multiple users at the same time. The chat application uses a full-stack JavaScript architecture together with real-time communication protocols to deliver a secure and efficient and scalable messaging platform which functions well for social networking and customer support and collaborative platforms. The project demonstrates that contemporary real-time communication systems which meet current digital communication needs can be built through MERN stack technology.

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MERN Stack, Full Stack Development, Real-Time Chat Application, Socket.IO, WebSocket Communication, Secure Authentication.

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 Abstract

Stigma associated with seeking psychological therapy continues to persist in professional environments despite increasing awareness of mental health. The present study examined attitudes toward therapy among professionals in Bengaluru and explored the organizational and cultural factors that influence help-seeking behavior. Using a qualitative survey design, responses from 36 participants were analyzed through content analysis and proportionally scaled to represent a sample size of 100. The findings revealed high awareness of therapy benefits alongside comparatively low help-seeking behavior, indicating a significant awareness-action gap. Themes such as workplace stigma, normalization of stress, fear of career consequences, and concerns about labeling emerged prominently. The results suggest that stigma is embedded not only in individual beliefs but also within organizational cultures and professional norms. The study highlights the limitations of awareness-based interventions and emphasizes the need for multi-level strategies targeting individual, organizational, and structural factors to effectively normalize therapy in professional settings.

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 Keywords

mental health stigma, therapy, help-seeking behavior, workplace culture, organizational stigma, India

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

People all over the world are now paying attention to the deaths of mothers and children. In low- and middle-income countries, maternal mortality is high, especially among teens and young adults. Healthcare professionals can use CTGs to keep an eye on the mother's heartbeat during pregnancy to make sure the baby is still alive and avoid these deaths. This study utilised machine learning techniques to conduct a risk factor analysis aimed at decreasing child and maternal mortality. This study assessed seven machine learning algorithms. Accuracy, precision, and recall were used to compare how well different categorisation algorithms worked. The random forest is the most accurate of the other algorithms, with an accuracy rate of 99.98%. At first, the dataset was not balanced. After using under sampling and oversampling methods, all of the algorithms worked very well. A primary objective of the current study was to forecast the risk factors associated with child and maternal mortality utilising clinical data. Ultrasound devices work by sending out a pulse and reading the response. This analysis is a good and cost-effective choice for healthcare professionals who want to keep mothers and children from dying.

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 Keywords

-- Maternal Mortality, Child Mortality Prediction, Machine Learning, Random Forest, Cardiotocography (CTG), Risk Factor Analysis, Clinical Data.

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 Abstract

Contemporary technologies, such as web-based learning, mobile learning, and the exploitation of smart boards, are the only means by which the educational process may be made easier in this age of digitalization. Both cyber and security are considered to be components of cybersecurity, which can be understood in two different ways. Information technology that includes computer systems, computer networks, computer software, and data is referred to as cyber. Ensuring the availability, integrity, and confidentiality of data should be the primary focus of any cybersecurity plan. The current investigation utilized a survey method known as normative surveying. As a sample for the research project, the researchers used students from the Education department at Vels College, which is located in the Chennai area. This survey collects information from 77 students, including those who are currently enrolled in Bachelor of Science in Education, Bachelor of Education, and Bachelor of Education programs. There appears to be a significant gap between the qualifications of students and the amount of time they spend online, according to the findings of the current study. The results of the study show that the factors that were selected have a substantial link with one another. In light of the fact that students are the workforce of the future, it is inevitable that the future cybersecurity landscape will be influenced by the digital behaviours and expertise that they currently possess.

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Cyber security, Cyber security awareness, Social media

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Abstract Objective: The objective of this study is to find out the Impact of qualification on Fundamental analysis aspect of Investment decision of the individual retail investors of Guwahati, Assam, India. Design/Methodology/Approach: The tested independent variables are different levels of qualification and the dependent variable is fundamental analysis aspect of investment decision making. Ordinal logistic regression is used to find the impact of these levels of qualification on the investment decision. Findings: Qualification level 1,2 and 3 i.e., up to graduate level, post graduate level and post graduate and above level of qualification has significant impact on the fundamental analysis aspect of investment decision making. This study showed that more factors can be used as separate variables to figure out how an investment decision is affected. Classifying people based on their qualification level alone is not enough to figure out how they choose investments. JEL Classification: G11

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Key words: Qualification level, Fundamental analysis, Investment decision

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Happiness is an essential aspect of human life and plays a significant role in determining the mental well-being and academic success of students. This study aims to compare the happiness levels of Undergraduate (UG) and Postgraduate (PG) students. A quantitative research design was used, and data were collected through a structured questionnaire based on a Likert scale. The data collected from BabasahebBhimraoAmbedkarUniversityLucknow. The findings indicate that PG students tend to have slightly higher happiness levels than UG students due to greater emotional maturity and clarity about career goals. However, academic pressure and stress affect both groups. The study suggests the need for mental health awareness programs and student support systems to enhance happiness levels.

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Happiness, Undergraduate Students, Postgraduate Students

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Li-Fi (Light Fidelity) technology is a cutting-edge kind of wireless connection that transmits data using light waves rather than conventional radio frequencies. It investigates the use of Arduino, a widely available and reasonably priced microcontroller platform, for Li-Fi data transfer. A straightforward and effective Li-Fi communication system that is simple to incorporate into a variety of applications is proposed in this research. The system is made up of an Arduino board interfaced with a light-emitting diode (LED) for data transmission and a photodiode for data receiving. In order to facilitate smooth data sharing between devices in a Li-Fi network, a communication protocol must be developed. Unlike the conventional Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) architecture, Light Fidelity (Li-Fi) technology is a wireless communication system that uses the visible light spectrum to deliver data quickly and securely. This paper describes a Li-Fi communication system that makes use of a smart phone. By using the built-in smart phone flashlight as a source to send data and detecting the impact of employing external light detector sensors attached to an Arduino UNO circuit to receive data, this suggested method seeks to maximize the bit rate with high precision. In order to determine which light sensor could achieve a greater data bit rate and to test the system's performance under varying transmitter-receiver distances, four practical experiments were carried out. The evaluation findings showed that the suggested research outperformed the others in terms of data bit rate, reaching over 100 bps with 100% correctness.

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LiFi Technology, Visible Light Communication (VLC), Arduino UNO, Photodiode Sensor

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract Background: Primary dysmenorrhea is a common gynecological problem among adolescent and young adult females, often affecting daily activities and quality of life. Non-pharmacological interventions such as Yoga and Jacobson's Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique (JPMRT) have shown beneficial effects in reducing menstrual pain and associated symptoms. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted among 34 college-going girls aged 18-25 years with primary dysmenorrhea. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups: Group A (Yoga) and Group B (JPMRT). Yoga was performed for 6 weeks, 4 sessions per week, while JPMRT was practiced twice daily during menstrual days for two consecutive cycles. Pain intensity was assessed using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS-11) and menstrual symptoms using the Menstrual Symptom Scale (MSS) before and after the intervention. Paired and unpaired t-tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: Both groups showed statistically significant improvement (p < 0.0001). However, post-intervention comparison showed significantly greater reduction in NPRS (p = 0.0130) and MSS (p = 0.0054) scores in the Yoga group compared to the JPMRT group. Conclusion: Yoga was found to be more effective than Jacobson's Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique in reducing pain intensity and menstrual symptoms in primary dysmenorrhea. Keywords: Primary dysmenorrhea, Yoga, Jacobson relaxation, NPRS, MSS

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Keywords: Primary dysmenorrhea, Yoga, Jacobson relaxation, NPRS, MSS

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

ABSTRACT Cross border commerce expands very fast in recent decades, & parties litigate abroad more frequently for strategic or practical reasons. Indian courts therefore face growing number of suits & execution petitions based on foreign judgments. Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 gives statutory framework under Sections 13, 14 & 44A, but its public policy content remains contested. Section 13 adopts rule of conclusiveness subject to six exceptions, including clause (f) on breach of any law in force in India, which operates like broad public policy filter. Scholars describe this clause as "unsympathetic" because it allows refusal even for relatively technical violations of Indian law, rather than only for violations of fundamental norms. Indian courts, beginning with decisions such as Brijlal Ramjidas v. Govindram Gordhandas Seksaria & Duggamma v/s Ganeshayya, treated foreign judgments as conclusive only on matters directly adjudicated & within jurisdictional & natural justice limits. Later family law cases like Satya v/s Teja Singh & Y. Narasimha Rao v/s Y. Venkata Lakshmi linked refusal of recognition to deception of forum, lack of genuine jurisdiction & evasion of Indian matrimonial policy. More recent commercial decisions, including TransAsia Private Capital Ltd. v/s Gaurav Dhawan, show greater willingness to enforce foreign money decrees where due process & jurisdiction requirements are met. Parallel developments in arbitration law, from Renusagar Power Co. Ltd. v/s General Electric Co. through Shri Lal Mahal Ltd. v/s Progetto Grano Spa & Ssangyong Engineering & Construction Co. Ltd. v/s National Highways Authority of India, have narrowed notion of "public policy of India" for foreign awards. This article examines whether similar evolution is visible or desirable for foreign judgments, & proposes re reading of Section 13 that aligns with international best practices while preserving core Indian constitutional & statutory values.

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Foreign judgments; public policy; Section 13 CPC; recognition & enforcement; Indian courts.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Advanced AI systems used in financial services increasingly rely on extended, autonomous reasoning rather than simple pattern recognition or prediction. These reasoning models generate intermediate deliberations--commonly referred to as chains of thought (CoT)--before producing outputs or taking actions. Recent research suggests that monitoring these reasoning traces can significantly improve the detection of misbehavior, misalignment, or unintended objectives compared to traditional output-only monitoring approaches [P1], [P3]. For model risk management (MRM), validation, and AI governance professionals, this presents both an opportunity and a risk. CoT monitoring provides a partial window into how advanced models reason, enabling earlier identification of behaviors such as reward hacking, deception, or policy-violating intent that may not be observable in final outputs alone [P1], [P3]. At the same time, the ability to monitor reasoning is not guaranteed to persist. Research shows that chains of thought are often incomplete, selectively unfaithful, or absent in precisely those settings where reliable oversight is most needed [P5]. Training choices, architectural shifts, and optimization pressures can further degrade monitorability over time [P1], [P4]. This white paper translates the emerging CoT monitorability literature into a governance-ready framework for financial institutions. It clarifies what CoT monitoring is--and is not--capable of delivering; outlines where it adds the most value for high-risk banking use cases; and proposes how monitorability can be operationalized as a distinct risk attribute within existing enterprise AI governance and model risk programs. Throughout, the paper emphasizes that CoT monitoring should be treated as one layer in a defense-in-depth strategy, rather than as a substitute for validation, testing, or explainability controls

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COT

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This paper presents TraceLine, a Blockchain and AI-integrated system designed for intelligent tracking and quality management of metal components in manufacturing environments. The system assigns unique identifiers to each part and monitors its lifecycle across multiple production stages using Data Matrix Codes (DMC). Blockchain technology is incorporated to ensure secure, decentralized, and tamper-proof storage of production data using distributed ledgers and smart contracts. Additionally, Artificial Intelligence (AI) enables anomaly detection, defect prediction, and process optimization through real time data analytics. The integration of Blockchain and AI enhances traceability, transparency, data integrity, and decision making, contributing to the development of secure and intelligen Industry 4.0 manufacturing systems.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Blockchain, Artificial Intelligence, Industrial Traceability, Smart Manufacturing, Industry 4.0, Data Matrix Code (DMC), Predictive Maintenance, Anomaly Detection, Smart Contracts, Distributed Ledger Technology, Quality Control, Edge AI, Cloud AI

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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As we grapple with some of the most pressing environmental and social challenges facing humanity, sustainable development has become a more urgent global imperative. Despite wide research on environmental domains of sustainable development, social dimensions that are important for its success received lesser attention. The critical appreciation of the existing literature in this paper is a systematic and holistic discourse on Sustainability issues with a focus on social sustainability. We look at poverty, inequality, gender, education, health and human rights as issues that impact on sustainable development. Mitigating these social aspects is essential for achieving sustainable development - we discuss that all members of society should be integrated into a collective socio-technical system;

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Sustainable Development, Social Issues, sustainable development nexus, Environmental Degradation, Environmental Challenges

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition