Volume 12 | Issue 5

 Abstract

This research delves into the e-banking landscape at the State Bank of India (SBI) through quantitative analysis. Data collected from SBI customers via surveys unveils usage patterns, satisfaction levels, and concerns regarding e-banking. Analysis reveals a significant adoption of e-banking, driven by convenience and accessibility, yet underscores persistent challenges like security apprehensions. The findings inform strategic decisions for SBI, emphasizing platform refinement and security enhancement. Contributing to the broader discourse on e-banking adoption, this study offers actionable insights for researchers and practitioners, fostering efficiency, security, and customer-centricity in e-banking operations at SBI.

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 Keywords

E-banking, State Bank of India (SBI), Quantitative analysis, Customer surveys, Usage patterns, Satisfaction levels, Security concerns, Adoption rates, Convenience, Accessibility, Platform refinement, Security enhancement, Strategic decisions, Customer-centricity, Efficiency, Research, Practitioners, Banking operations, Digital banking, Financial technology (Fintech)

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Food is among the necessities for life on the planet, and the worldwide populace is confronting an emergency of having 3-time feasts a day, and in such a period squandering food is unseemly. Wastage of food in the feeling of bringing down dietary benefits, rancidity, microbial development, and so forth. Preservatives are used to avoid all of these things; however, the chemical preservatives we use can be harmful to ourselves. As a result, the focus of this review will be on the various types of preservatives that are available, as well as the contemporary preservatives techniques that are being developed through nanotechnology and tools and techniques. We will also discuss various chemical preservatives and how they affect human health in tandem.

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Preservatives, Shelf life, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial

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Gels are semi-solid, three-dimensional, polymeric formulations consisting of a small amount of dispersed solid within a larger amount of liquid. These topical formulations have been extensively researched. Herbal gels have gained significant attention in recent years due to their natural origins, safety profiles, and therapeutic potential. This abstract outlines the formulation of a novel herbal gel designed to offer topical relief for various dermatological conditions. The formulation integrates a synergistic blend of herbal extracts renowned for their anti-inflammatory properties. Thymus Vulgaris and Salvia Hispanica L contain active ingredients with known anti-inflammatory activities. The topical anti-inflammatory activity of the gel was also assessed. The gel was prepared using Carbopol 940 (1% w/v), Thymus vulgaris extract, Salvia Hispanica L extract, and the required amount of distilled water. The prepared gels underwent evaluation for physical appearance, pH, spreadability, toxicity, or homogeneity, as well as anti-inflammatory activity. The results indicated that the gel formulations exhibited good appearance and homogeneity. Spreadability values suggested that these herbal gels were easily spreadable with minimal shear force. The pH of all formulations was approximately 6, falling within the normal pH range of the skin. The preparation demonstrated stability under cold storage conditions.

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Anti-inflammatory, Gel, Thymus Vulgaris, Salvia Hispanica L, Homogeneity

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Air Canvas is an innovative delineation operation exercising hand gesture recognition for intuitive digital art creation. using computer vision, people can draw in the air, rephrasing gestures into encounter strokes on a virtual oil. Features include real- time gesture discovery, encounter customization, and comity with standard webcams. stoner testing confirms Air Canvas's effectiveness and availability for artists and contrivers. This system offers a stoner-friendly interface for creating suggestive digital art, opening avenues for farther advancements in gesture grounded commerce and creative expression. Air Canvas inspires disquisition and invention, offering new avenues for cultural expression in the digital age.

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Innovation, hand gesture recognition, digital art creation, computer vision, user-friendly interface.

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This research paper explores the transformative role of microfinance in advancing women's economic empowerment in both developing and developed economies. Through a comprehensive review of exiting literature, this paper delves into the mechanism by which microfinance institutions (MFIs) enable women to access financial services, build assets, and enhances their economic participation Moreover, the paper examines the challenges and opportunities associated with integrating gender-sensitive approaches within microfinance frameworks. It highlights the importance of tailored financial products, capacity-building initiatives and supportive policy environments in fostering women's empowerment through microfinance.

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Keywords: Economic Empowerment, MFI, Capacity building, financial products.

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Environmental considerations, heightened climate change awareness, and decreasing prices have driven the growth of electric vehicles (EVs). This paper provides a comprehensive review of EV dynamics, focusing on powertrain design, battery technology trends, and evolving strategies in battery electric vehicles (BEVs). Additionally, it offers an extensive overview of the EV market across different regions and forecasts future growth. Batteries are a crucial component of electric vehicle technology, and this paper compares two distinct battery technologies: lead-acid and lithium-ion batteries. It also discusses recommendations for power control and battery energy management systems, as well as various EV charging standards. The study highlights current research areas that warrant further investigation by both industry and academia, offering insights into anticipated advancements in the EV sector. By emphasizing the importance of battery technology and charging infrastructure in promoting sustainable transportation, this paper contributes to the discourse on EVs.

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Electric Vehicles, Battery Technology, Charging Methods, EV Market Analysis, Sustainable Transportation, Battery Management Systems, Energy Efficiency.

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 Abstract

The development of latent fingerprints is pivotal in forensic investigations, aiding in the identification of suspects & linking them to criminal activities. Traditional methods for latent fingerprint development often involve hazardous chemicals & solvents, posing environmental & health risks. In response, the field has seen a growing interest in developing green synthetic methods that are not only effective in revealing latent fingerprints but also its eco-friendly & safe for use. This abstract explores recent advancements in green synthetic methods for the development of latent fingerprints. These methods leverage sustainable & environmentally benign materials, reducing the re-alliance on harmful chemicals commonly used in conventional techniques. The utilization of natural products, such as- Plant extracts, Enzymes, & nanoparticles, has shown promising results in enhancing the visibility & equality of latent fingerprints while minimizing the impact on the environment. Key strategies in green synthetic methods include the incorporation of renewable resources, biodegradable materials, & non-toxic reagents. For instance, green solvents like- Ionic liquids & Supercritical Carbon dioxide(scCO2) offer safer alternatives to traditional organic solvents, reducing pollution & health risks associated with their disposal. Furthermore, the use of enzymatic reactions & bio-based polymers allows for the gentle & selective development of latent fingerprints without compromising the integrity of the evidence. The effectiveness of green synthetic method is assessed through various parameters, including- Sensitivity+ Specificity+ Reproducibility. Comparative studies with conventional techniques demonstrate the potential of green synthetic method to achieve comparable or, superior results in latent fingerprint development while aligning with principles of safety & sustainability. Overall, the adoption of green synthetic method represents a paradigm shift in forensic science towards more environmentally conscious practices. By embracing innovation & sustainability, forensic investigators can enhance the efficiency & reliability of latent fingerprint development while reducing their ecological footprints & also safeguarding the human health. This abstract shows the importance of advancing green synthetic method as a progressive approach to forensic analysis in the pursuit of justice.

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 Keywords

Significance of Latent Fingerprint Development, Challenges with Traditional Methods, Shift towards Green Synthetic Method, Key Strategies in Green Synthetic Method, Recent Advancements, Effectiveness Evaluation, Paradigm Shift in Forensic Science.

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In India, traditional farming methods pose various challenges as the world rapidly changes. This paper introduces a new solution: a smart greenhouse system designed just for the farmers. By using advanced technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, and mobile apps, this system aims to make farming easier and more productive while using resources wisely. This system relies on a network of sensors placed throughout the greenhouse. These sensors keep track of important things like soil moisture, temperature, light, and even rainfall. The data from these sensors is sent to a cloud system where it is analyzed. This helps farmers make smart decisions about things like when to water plants, how to adjust ventilation, and even how to control the lighting. Another important part of this system is a GSM module. This allows farmers to check on and control their greenhouse from anywhere using their phones. But it's not just about making things easier - this system also helps farmers take better care of the environment. By combining technology and farming knowledge, it promises to make farming in India more efficient, productive, and sustainable. In short, this paper introduces a smart greenhouse system designed specifically for Indian farmers. It uses technology like IoT, cloud computing, and mobile apps to make farming easier, reduce the need for labor, and promote environmentally friendly practices. It's a big step forward for farming in India.

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Smart Greenhouse Systems, IoT, Cloud Computing Mobile Application Development, GSM Module, Indian Agriculture

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This work proposes an IoT based "Wildlife Lifeline: The Elephant Rescue System" addresses human-elephant conflicts caused by habitat encroachment as human settlements into traditional elephant habitats. This system is designed to propose a comprehensive solution using ESP32 microcontroller, sensors and self-injection to monitor and rescue elephants. The system utilizes a cloud database to provide real-time alerts on elephant movements and potential conflicts and promotes data-driven conservation strategies and proactive measures. Methodology Color sensor and MPU sensor are utilized to detect signs of elephant agitation, triggering a self-injection mechanism to calm the elephant and prevent potential conflicts. Health-related readings from sensors are transmitted to authorities through the cloud, ensuring timely medical intervention and continuous health monitoring.

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 Keywords

Elephant Rescue System, IoT, Cloud, Sensors, Self-Injection

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Machine learning and ArcGIS is an emerging research field in crop and fertilizer prediction. Precision agriculture is essential to ensure that site-specific crop management is implemented, which includes soil nutrient remedies per crop requirement. Though fertilization is key in boosting productivity, there is for analysis of the potentials and limitations of soil as a basis for recommending the correct type, quantities, and application time of fertilizers to counter uncertainty in fertilizer use. The complexity of finding the optimal fertilization range greatly contributes to major inefficiencies like productivity losses, resource wastage, and increased environmental pollution caused by farmers' use of intuition, trial and error, guesswork, and estimation. This study proposed the development of a machine learning model that predicts crop and NPK nutrient levels and recommends the best fertilizer remedy and application time based on the various parameters that will be gathered from ArcGIS visualization. This involved the use of machine learning techniques and experimental research design. Historical data of temperature, PH, and NPK from the KAGGLE Library were used to train and validate the model. The developed model achieved by with 75% of the data used for training and 25% used for testing. This is to encourage precise fertilizer production for particular areas of need.

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 Keywords

NPK, PH, Temperature, humidity, Rainfall and types of Crops, ArcGIS, Random Forest etc...

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Seismic retrofitting is essential for strengthening structures against earthquake impacts. This review examines recent advancements in seismic retrofitting techniques, highlighting innovative approaches to enhance the seismic performance of various structures [15]. One notable strategy involves using Polyethylene Terephthalate Fiber-reinforced Polymer (PET FRP) to reinforce central columns in underground structures [1]. By increasing the lateral deformation capacity of these columns, PET FRP retrofitting significantly improves the overall seismic resilience of underground structures, as demonstrated through experimental and numerical analyses [1]. Another innovative method employs shear-compressive metal dampers (SCMDs) to repair critically damaged masonry piers [5]. SCMDs demonstrate stable performance and significant energy dissipation, enhancing the ductility and seismic capacity of retrofitted walls, supported by quasi-static tests and seismic behavior analyses [5]. Furthermore, the use of isolation systems with weak restoring forces shows promise for retrofitting historic buildings [13]. These systems integrate devices like elastic sliding bearings and viscous dampers to enhance the seismic performance of timber structures while preserving architectural integrity [13]. Additionally, novel retrofitting systems such as the gapped eccentric steel brace (GESB) and varied yielding cross-section dampers effectively modify existing reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures and steel moment-resisting frames (SMRFs), enhancing their strength, stiffness, and ductility [14, 22]. External sub-structure retrofitting methods provide a comprehensive approach to enhancing overall structural seismic performance [22]. By connecting external sub-structures to existing buildings, these methods improve structural-system-level resilience, with ongoing developments focusing on optimization strategies and practical engineering applications [22]. Shaking table tests validate innovative retrofitting approaches, demonstrating significant improvements in structural seismic capacity and damage reduction compared to traditional methods [24]. Overall, this review offers valuable insights into recent advancements in seismic retrofitting techniques, contributing to ongoing efforts to mitigate seismic risks and safeguard communities worldwide.Keywords: Retrofitting for seismic resilience, seismic engineering, structural strengthening, PET FRP reinforcement, metallic dampers, heritage structures, GESB retrofitting, cross-sectional dampening, retrofitting of external sub-structures, frictional damping, shake table experiments.

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 Keywords

Retrofitting for seismic resilience, seismic engineering, structural strengthening, PET FRP reinforcement, metallic dampers, heritage structures, GESB retrofitting, cross-sectional dampening, retrofitting of external sub-structures, frictional damping, shake table experiments

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 Abstract

The robot that we have designed maps it's path and detects the presence of explosive components in a particular area

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Operations research might be defined as a scientific approach to decision-making that involves the operations of organizational system. Optimal decisions could be taken depending upon the degree of information decision maker knows in that particular situation (or) about the problem. In most of the real life situations or problems, the degree of information is uncertain and so it is wiser to use fuzzy theory to arrive at the optimal solution for replacement problems. In this paper, the problem of replacement of communication channel is solved using Entropy concepts using Type - 2 Fuzzy sets. The channel through which the information is transmitted would be considered as a hypercube and the replacement of the channel would be decided by the decision maker in the optimal manner using the type-2 fuzzy sets.

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Operations Research, Fuzzy Set, Decision Theory, Replacement Models, type - 2 Fuzzy sets

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Agritourism represents a unique intersection of agriculture and tourism, offering visitors the opportunity to experience rural life firsthand while supporting local economies and preserving cultural heritage. This study provides an in-depth exploration of agritourism in India, examining its historical roots, current landscape, opportunities, challenges, and recommendations for future growth. Drawing upon a wide range of sources, including academic literature, government policies, and industry reports, the study highlights the economic, social, and environmental benefits of agritourism while addressing key issues such as infrastructure development, marketing strategies, sustainability, and policy regulation. By analysing case studies from various states in India, the study showcases the diverse offerings and geographical distribution of agritourism destinations across the country. Through a comprehensive review of existing literatures, this study identifies promising avenues for enhancing the agritourism sector in India and emphasizes the importance of collaboration among stakeholders to unlock its full potential. Ultimately, agritourism emerges as a promising avenue for rural development, cultural preservation, and sustainable tourism in India, offering a holistic approach to economic growth and community empowerment.

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 Keywords

Agritourism, Agriculture, Tourism, Rural Life, Local Economies, Cultural Heritage, India, Historical Roots, Opportunities, Challenges, Recommendations, Economic Benefits, Social Benefits, Environmental Benefits, Infrastructure Development, Sustainability

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Underwater image processing presents unique challenges due to the absorption and scattering of light, which causes color distortion and reduced visibility. This project addresses these issues by employing a comprehensive methodology for underwater image enhancement based on dehazing and color correction, leveraging machine learning (ML) and image processing techniques. The proposed approach begins with an analysis of the uploaded underwater image to determine whether the green or red channel is more dominant. This analysis is conducted using a machine learning model implemented with the Keras framework. Once the dominant color channel is identified, the next step involves compensating for the color distortion. This is achieved through a tailored color correction process designed to adjust the image's color balance effectively. Following color correction, the image undergoes white balancing using the gray world algorithm, which assumes that the average color of an image should be neutral gray and adjusts the colors accordingly to achieve this balance. To further enhance the visibility and contrast of the white-balanced image, global histogram equalization is applied. This technique redistributes the intensities of the image to improve contrast uniformly across the entire image. After histogram equalization, the image is sharpened using the unsharp masking technique. Unsharp masking enhances the edges and fine details of the image, making them more prominent. The final enhancement step involves an average-based fusion of the sharpened image and the contrast-enhanced image. This fusion process integrates the strengths of both images, combining the sharp details with the improved contrast to produce a visually appealing and well-balanced final image. The effectiveness of this methodology is evaluated through a series of experiments on various underwater images. The results demonstrate significant improvements in color accuracy, contrast, and overall visibility. This comprehensive approach not only addresses the common issues associated with underwater imaging but also leverages advanced ML techniques and traditional image processing methods to achieve superior enhancement results. The proposed methodology for underwater image enhancement based on dehazing and color correction offers a robust solution to the challenges posed by underwater environments. By integrating ML-driven analysis with a sequence of carefully chosen image processing techniques, this project provides a reliable and effective framework for enhancing underwater images, making them clearer and more accurate for various applications, including marine biology, underwater exploration, and underwater photography.

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Underwater image enhancement, dehazing, color correction, machine learning, Keras, Gray world algorithm, histogram equalization, unsharp masking.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The impact of the Israel Palestine conflict has been getting worse- economically and geographically.

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Israel, Palestine, Conflict

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The purpose of this study was to combine traditional medicinal plants with digestive qualities to create and assess a polyherbal digestive syrup. After making the syrup using extracts of licorice, ginger, fennel, and mint, it was tested pharmacologically, microbiologically, and physicochemically. According to the findings, the polyherbal syrup had a pleasing flavor and scent and good organoleptic qualities. A pH that is within the permitted range, a viscosity that is appropriate for oral administration, and a low moisture content that suggests stability were all revealed by physicochemical examination. The lack of microbial contamination was verified by microbiological testing, guaranteeing the safety of the product. Pharmacological analysis showed that the syrup might improve gastrointestinal motility and lessen indigestion symptoms in animal models. All things considered, the polyherbal digestive syrup appears to have potential as a homeopathic treatment for enhancing digestive health.

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Herbal digestive syrup , Digestive health , Polyherbal syrup

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This experimental study explores the feasibility of utilizing coir pith residue as a fine aggregate in concrete to enhance its self-curing properties. Self-curing concrete offers numerous advantages, including reduced cracking, improved durability, and decreased water consumption during curing. Coir pith residue, an organic waste material, presents an eco-friendly alternative to conventional fine aggregates. The research involves the preparation of concrete mixtures with varying proportions of coir pith residue as a replacement for traditional fine aggregate. For the aim of internal curing, coir pith is used in place of sand in this project. Water may be retained in coir pith for 30-40 days. Coir pith is utilised in agriculture because of its ability to store water. Therefore, concrete specimens that have had 1%, 3%, and 5% of coir pith added to them are changed, and concrete tests are conducted on them. Extensive laboratory testing is used to assess mechanical qualities including tensile and compressive strength. The outcomes of using coir pith in place of conventional concrete specimens and conventional concrete specimens are compared, and a conclusion is drawn. The goal of the project is to shed light on how well coir pith residue works to improve concrete's capacity for self-curing, supporting environmentally friendly building methods and waste disposal initiatives.

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Concrete, Self-Curing, Coir Pith Residue, Fine Aggregate, Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength, Workability.

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Abstract - Due to mechanical failure automobiles get stuck at the mid path of their journey. So there is a need to design and develop a system which can sideline the failed automobile. The main aim of our project is to design and development regeneration of energy by using exhaust and utilizes to lifting four wheeler which is helpful to move the car from one place to another place. In this project we are study of the energy generation from thye the exhust of four wheeler and lifiting the car. The main components used in the system are Hydraulic jack, Wiper motor. The 3 D model will be drawn with the help of CATIA V5 R20 software and accordingly calculations are done. After that the components which are required for our project are manufactured and then assembled together. After making the assembly, the testing of model will be carried out. The result and conclusion will be drawn after the testing of the mode.

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Keywords: Exhaust energy recovery, Thermoelectric generator (TEG), Hydraulic lifting mechanism, Automotive sustainability, Energy efficiency, Waste heat utilization

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 Abstract

The history of suppression of women in India is very long. Indian women "have suffered and are suffering discrimination in silence. The quest for individual autonomy over reproductive choices has gathered increasing global attention, solidifying the right to determine parenthood freely and responsibly as a fundamental human right. The concept of "reproductive rights" is firmly rooted in international human rights declarations and firmly connects with women's aspirations in India. For many decades, access to safe and legal abortion and contraception has been a contentious subject, acting as proof of the ongoing fight for women's autonomy over their bodies and responsibility over reproductive decisions. Women have the right to decide freely and responsibly the number, spacing and timing of their children. Unsafe abortions are the major leading cause of maternal deaths in India. Researches have shown that half the pregnancies in India are unintended and about a third result in abortion. In general terms, reproductive rights are the rights of individuals to decide whether to reproduce and have reproductive health. Abortion is a highly charged emotional subject which involves some highly controversial and complicated issues of law, medicine and morality. India has made significant progress in the domain of reproductive rights and legal abortion, which is indicated by the backing of constitutional provisions, legislative frameworks, and judicial activism. Based on the findings of Shantilal Shah Committee, the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971 was enacted allowing safe and legal abortions, safeguarding women's health and reducing maternal mortality.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Reproductive Right, Reproductive Health, Abortion, Reproductive Autonomy, Women's self-esteem, Maternal mortality

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition