Volume 14 | Issue 5

 Abstract

The rapid growth of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and decentralized applications has increased the demand for secure and low-latency computing systems. Blockchain technology provides transparency, trust, and decentralized security, while edge computing improves performance by processing data closer to the source. This paper presents a systematic review of blockchain-enabled edge computing systems and discusses their applications, advantages, and implementation challenges. The paper highlights scalability, latency reduction, and secure communication in distributed environments. A valid contribution of this study is the presentation of a simplified integrated framework that supports secure communication between edge devices using blockchain mechanisms. The study also explains the role of Ethereum smart contracts in edge environments and identifies future research opportunities for lightweight and scalable architectures.

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Blockchain, Edge Computing, IoT, Data Security, Scalability, Distributed Systems

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ANVIKSIKI AS THE ART OF REASONING: A PATH TO LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN THE THOUGHT OF ACARYA CHANAKYA

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ANVIKSIKI AS THE ART OF REASONING: A PATH TO LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN THE THOUGHT OF ACARYA CHANAKYA

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This paper examines the development of modern Indian English poetry with special reference to Nissim Ezekiel and his contribution to literary modernism in postcolonial India. Early Indian English poetry was largely influenced by British Romantic and Victorian traditions, focusing on idealism, mythology, and nationalism. However, after independence, Indian English poetry gradually shifted towards realism, urban consciousness, psychological conflict, and social criticism. In this transition, Ezekiel emerged as a major modernist voice who introduced intellectual discipline, irony, realism, and conversational language into Indian English poetry. His poems portray urban middle-class life, cultural confusion, emotional isolation, and social contradictions with honesty and satire. Through works such as Night of the Scorpion, The Patriot, and Goodbye Party for Miss Pushpa T.S., Ezekiel presents realistic aspects of contemporary Indian society. The paper also highlights the difference between romantic Indian English poets and Ezekiel's modernist approach. It concludes that Ezekiel played a significant role in establishing Indian English poetry as a mature and internationally recognised literary tradition.

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Indian English Poetry, Modernism, Nissim Ezekiel, Urban Consciousness, Realism, Postcolonial Literature

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?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?????????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?????????????? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????, 1937 ?? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? '????? ????? ???????' ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? '?????????' ?? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?????????, ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????????? ???????, 1956 ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? 6 ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ??????????? (??????) ???????, 2005 ?? ???? 6 ??? ?????????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??????, ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??, ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ??????????, ??????? ????? ??????????? ???????, 1956 ?? ???? 2005 ?? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ???? ??? ??, ????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???????-?????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ??????????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ?? ????????? ???? ??, ????????? ??????? ?? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?

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????? ???????, ??????? ??????, ??????, ??????? ?? ??????? ??????, ????? ??????????? ???????, 1956 ?

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Biomimicry, Oriental hornet, Telescopic mechanism, Kinetic design, Space-saving, compact lamp, Nature insect -inspired design, Sustainable design

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Agritech App is a mobile web-based agriculture renting system designed to make it easier for farmers to access agricultural resources. Small and medium-scale farmers often struggle with the high cost of buying farming equipment and finding land for short-term use. This system tackles these problems by offering a digital platform that lets users rent machinery and tools using their mobile devices. The app includes features like user authentication, listing resources, searching for what they need, booking services, and managing rentals in a clear and efficient way. By removing the need for middlemen and cutting down on manual tasks, the system reduces costs and saves time. It also helps make better use of resources, encourages sharing of modern farming equipment, and supports more sustainable farming methods. Agritech App shows how mobile web technology can be used to modernize agricultural services and boost productivity in the farming industry.

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Mobile Web Application, Web-Based Rental System, User Authentication, Online Booking System, Resource Management, Cloud-Based System, Database Management, Secure Transactions, Cross-Platform Application.

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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), particularly in the neck and shoulder, are common occupational issues among dental professionals due to prolonged static postures and repetitive movements. Shoulder pain is frequently reported and may impact both performance and well-being. Handgrip strength serves as a reliable indicator of upper limb function and musculoskeletal health. AIM: The aim of the study was to observe the correlation between the shoulder pain upper limb musculoskeletal disorder and handgrip strength among dental professionals. METHOD: An observational study was conducted involving 100 dental professionals (50 males and 50 females) with an average age of 35 years. Participants completed a structured questionnaire to assess the presence of shoulder pain and upper limb MSDs, followed by handgrip strength testing using a dynamometer. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were used for data evaluation. RESULTS: Improving grip strength may help workers adopt better postures, reducing musculoskeletal injury risk, and also alleviate shoulder pain and disability. Strengthening hand and forearm muscles can enhance overall upper body function, reducing strain on the shoulder joint and leading to improved outcomes. CONCLUSION: This study found that dental professionals with weaker grip strength tend to experience more shoulder pain and disability due to postural instability. Therefore, exercises that strengthen the hand, forearm, and upper body muscles may help improve functional capacity and reduce discomfort.

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KEYWORDS: Shoulder Pain, Upper Limb Musculoskeletal Disorder, Handgrip Strength, Dental Professionals, Observational Study, Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs), Occupational

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The present research work was an attempt to design a formulation of Bilayer floating tablets with Teneligliptin as sustained release layer and evogliptin as immediate release layer for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus. The extended release was prepared by wet granulation method using HPMC K 100M as sustained release polymer and sodium bicarbonate as gas generating agent to reduce floating lag time. Immediate release layer was prepared by direct compression using sodium starch glycolate as super disintegrant. Gastro retentive floating drug delivery systems have been designed to increase its residence time in the stomach. The granules were evaluated for bulk density, tapped density, Compressibility index, and hausner's ratio. The granules showed satisfactory flow properties. The tablets were subjected to weight variation test, hardness test, friability test, drug content test and swelling index. All the tablets were passed the tests. With the incorporation of a gas generating agent the floating lag time was 27 sec, and the duration of floating was >8hrs. The drug release from the prepared tablets was sufficiently sustained (more than 8hrs). The release kinetics of the Bilayer floating tablet was evaluated using regression coefficient analysis. The formulated tablets show a Zero order drug release and the mechanism is correlated well with Korsmeyer peppas mode with super case II transport mechanism. Stability studies did not show any changes in physical appearance, physicochemical properties, and drug release.

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Bilayer tablets, Gastro retentive floating drug delivery systems, Bilayer floating tablet

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Corporate governance, AI, Companies Act, stakeholder trust, ethical accountability, and OECD Principles

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The rapid growth of digital media and online social platforms has significantly increased the spread of fake news, which can mislead people and negatively impact public opinion, decision-making, and social harmony. This paper presents a content-based fake news detection system using a hybrid deep learning approach that combines Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks to improve classification accuracy. BERT is utilized to generate contextualized word embeddings by understanding the semantic and syntactic relationships within the text, enabling the model to capture deep linguistic features from news content. The LSTM layer is integrated to effectively learn sequential patterns and long-term dependencies in the data, enhancing the model's ability to distinguish between real and fake information. The dataset used for this study consists of labeled news data from the FakeNewsNet repository, which is preprocessed using standard natural language processing techniques such as tokenization, stopword removal, text cleaning, and normalization. The model is trained and evaluated using performance metrics including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, demonstrating improved results compared to traditional machine learning approaches. The system achieves an overall classification accuracy of approximately 88-90% on the test dataset and provides predictions in under two seconds, confirming its suitability for real-time applications. This work contributes to the development of intelligent systems for detecting misinformation and helps in reducing the harmful effects of fake news in online environments.

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Fake News Detection, BERT, LSTM, Transformer Models, Natural Language Processing, Deep Learning, Misinformation, Text Classification.

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The rapid proliferation of smartphones and AI technologies has created transformative opportunities in the domain of reservation and ticketing management. Traditional ticket booking systems suffer from long queue times, manual errors, overbooking, and lack of real-time updates. To address these challenges, an AI-Powered Reservation Ticket System with Mobile Integration has been developed. This system automates the entire booking lifecycle through intelligent slot allocation, dynamic pricing, real-time availability updates, and automated confirmation via mobile notifications. Key components include a machine learning-based demand forecasting engine, a mobile application (Android/iOS) for user interaction, a cloud backend for data management, and AI-driven chatbot support. The proposed system significantly reduces booking latency, improves resource utilization, and enhances user satisfaction. This paper outlines the system architecture, hardware and software components, implementation details, and evaluation results, along with future enhancements.

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Index Terms - AI Reservation System, Mobile Integration, Smart Ticketing, Machine Learning, Cloud Backend, Chatbot, Dynamic Pricing.

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Premenstrual Syndrome is recurrence of symptoms during the luteal phase of menstrual cycle. An exploratory study to assess knowledge regarding Premenstrual Syndrome among adolescent girls studying in selected nursing colleges of Indore. Quantitative research approach with one group Pretest Posttest research design was adopted & Non-probability purposive sampling technique was followed to select 60 adolescent girls. The self-structured questionnaire was administered. The study findings revealed that the majority of the adolescent girls, 48 (80%) were from the age group of 21-23 years, 71.7% had monthly income of family rupees above 15001, maximum 46.7% adolescents were vegetarians, 65% adolescent girls were menstruation menarche between 11-12 years of age, 48.3% adolescent girls had a history of PMS, maximum subjects 61.7% previous knowledge regarding PMS, 43.5% adolescents got the information from their friends and family members. The significant association were found between age of adolescent girls in which 21-23 years age of adolescent had average knowledge and showed a chi-square value (x2) = 6.336 was significant at 0.05 level as the p<0.5=6.336. So, it was concluded that premenstrual syndrome is characterized by the presence of both physical and behavioral symptoms that occur repetitively in the second half of the menstrual cycle and interfere with woman's life.

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Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD).

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Abstract: In the current business environment, the implementation of Big Data Analytics (BDA) becomes highly critical for innovating and improving performance. Thus, the aim of the paper is to examine the ways how organizations may process both structured and unstructured data to gain some useful insights and make more efficient business decisions. The growing amount of data created by social networking sites, Internet-based commercial transactions, and the Internet of Things makes the use of analytics highly crucial for businesses. Additionally, modern analytics allows firms to understand customer needs, optimize operations and launch new products or services thanks to sophisticated algorithms, which include machine learning and predictive analytics. Nevertheless, the paper will also address the need to use adequate methods for proper data processing and visualization. However, the usage of BDA faces several challenges related to data quality, data integration, expensive technology infrastructure, and scarcity of professionals

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Keywords: big data analytics, business innovation, data-driven decision-making, machine learning, predictive analytics, digital transformation.

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Pilonidal sinus is a chronic inflammatory condition predominantly affecting the sacrococcygeal region, characterized by a tract or cavity containing hair and debris. It is most common in young adult males and presents a therapeutic challenge due to its recurrent nature. In Ayurvedic medicine, this condition is correlated with Shalyajanya Nadi Vrana a subtype of sinus wound caused by a foreign body (Shalya), typically hair. This review synthesizes classical Ayurvedic concepts with contemporary surgical approaches, highlighting the pathogenesis, clinical features, and management strategies. Special emphasis is placed on Ayurvedic para-surgical techniques such as Kshara Karma and Kshara Sutra, which have demonstrated efficacy in reducing recurrence rates and promoting healing.

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Shalyaja Nadi Vrana, Pilonidal Sinus, Kshara Sutra, Ayurveda

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Bihar mein 1857 ki kranti daliton janjatiyon aur mahilaon ke yogdan ka aitihasik vishleshan

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Bihar mein 1857 ki kranti daliton janjatiyon aur mahilaon ke yogdan ka aitihasik vishleshan

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Mountain road safety in Indian Ghat sections is a major challenge due to hairpin bends, steep gradients, dense fog, and heavy monsoon rain, contributing heavily to road fatalities. With India recording 1.73 lakh road accident deaths in 2023 and 58.6% of fatal crashes linked to over-speeding at blind curves, this paper proposes a novel Multi-Criteria Decision Making framework to objectively compare five accident prevention systems for Ghat hairpin bends -- Smart Mirror, Sensor-Based Warning, Reflector-Based, AI-Based Alert, and IoT-Based Smart Warning -- using six criteria: Reliability, Effectiveness, Visibility Improvement, Cost, Maintenance, and Weather Adaptability. The study's key contributions include the first standardized MCDM comparison for Indian Ghats, scenario-based testing across low-fog, high-fog, heavy-rain, and night conditions, and a Salesforce-based web tool for real-time system selection. Validated across five Maharashtra Ghats -- Malshej, Amboli, Kasara, Tamhini, and Bhor -- the IoT-Based Smart Warning System performed best with a 4.70/6.0 score, 95% vehicle detection, and 90% weather adaptability, while the Sensor-Based Warning Signal was the most cost-effective active option at 73.3% of the max score. The paper recommends a three-layered deployment of IoT systems, active LED warnings, and passive delineators to improve safety.

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Ghat roads, hairpin bends, road safety, accident prevention, Multi-Criteria Decision Making, MCDM, IoT-Based Smart Warning System, Sensor-Based Warning Signal, vehicle detection, weather adaptability, Maharashtra, blind curves, Salesforce Experience Cloud, decision support tool

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?-?????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ????, ???????? ??????? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???????????? ?????? (?-??????) ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??????-??-?????? (??2??) ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ???? COVID-19 ??????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????, ?????-???, ??????-???, ??????-??? ?? ?-??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? "?????? ????" ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ???????????? ????????? (?-????/?????? ?????????) ?? ??????????? ????????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????, 1872, ????? ???????????? ???????, 2000 ?? ?????? ??????? ???????, 2023 (?????? ??????? ???????, 1872 ?? ????????????) ?? ????????, ?-???????? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ?? ?????????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????????, ????????, ?????, ?????, ??????, ?????, ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???; ???????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??; ?? ???????????? ?? ????????? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??, ????? ???? ????-??? ?? ??????, ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ????-??? ??????????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???????????? ???? ???????? (?????), ???????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??, ?? ????? ???????, ???? ??? ????????, ???????? ?? ????-???? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?-???????? ?? ??????? ???? ??, ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????????, ???? ??? ????????????? ?? ??? ?????? ????, ????? ????? ?????????? ?? ???????-??????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?

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???????????? ??????, ????? ???????????? ???????, ?????? ?????????, ?????? ???????? ???????, ????????? ???? ?

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The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence and deep learning technologies, the creation of highly realistic synthetic media, commonly known as deepfakes, has become increasingly accessible. While these techniques have promising applications in entertainment, education, and virtual reality, they also pose serious threats related to misinformation, identity theft, and digital fraud. This has created an urgent need for reliable and efficient deepfake detection systems.

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"Optimization and Evaluation of Blockchain-Based Authentication Systems with Zero-Knowledge Proofs and Multi- Factor Authentication"

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The present study focuses on the development and evaluation of a multifunctional polyherbal shampoo powder with natural hair coloring properties. The formulation was prepared using herbal ingredients such as reetha, shikakai, amla, henna, indigo, hibiscus, neem, and fenugreek, which provide cleansing, conditioning, nourishment, anti-dandruff action, and natural coloring effects. Three formulations (F1, F2, and F3) were prepared with different proportions of henna and indigo to obtain different hair shades. Evaluation parameters included organoleptic properties, powder characteristics, physicochemical tests, foaming ability, wetting time, washability, colour test, and skin irritation test. Results showed good flow properties, suitable pH (5-5.5), good foaming index, easy washability, and no skin irritation. Color testing showed reddish, brown, and dark brown to blackish shades for F1, F2, and F3 respectively. The study confirms that the polyherbal shampoo powder is a safe, effective, and economical natural alternative to synthetic shampoos and hair dyes.

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Polyherbal shampoo, Herbal hair dye, Henna, Indigo, Natural coloring, Herbal cosmetics

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The Oilfield Residuals Recovery and Waste Mitigation Program (ORRWMP) focuses on reducing water pollution caused by oil spills and floating waste. The project develops a multipurpose, solar-powered vessel that simultaneously removes oil contaminants and surface debris like plastics and garbage using conveyor-based collection systems.The belt-type oil skimmer works on the principles of adhesion and specific gravity. A polyurethane belt, which is oil-attracting and water-repelling, rotates through contaminated water and collects oil on its surface. Scraper blades then remove the oil into a storage container while the belt continues the cleaning cycle. Alongside oil removal, a separate conveyor collects floating solid waste.This integrated system improves water quality, protects aquatic life, reduces manual labor and safety risks, and is suitable for rivers, lakes, ponds, and other slow-moving water bodies.

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Oil skimmer, Water pollution, Floating waste, Solar powered vessel, Waste mitigation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition