Volume 12 | Issue 5

 Abstract

Malaria remains one of the world's most devastating diseases, affecting hundreds of millions every year. The ability of the Plasmodium parasite to rapidly develop drug resistance calls for continuous development of new antimalarial drugs. In silico methods such as quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) modeling, molecular docking, and virtual screening have become invaluable tools to significantly accelerate and lower the cost of antimalarial drug discovery. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the application of these computational techniques to facilitate the rational design and optimization of novel antimalarial drug candidates. Specific topics covered include in silico target identification and validation, ligand-based drug design methodologies including pharmacophore modeling and QSAR studies, structure-based drug design strategies centered around molecular docking, and integration of virtual screening workflows into antimalarial drug discovery campaigns. Representative studies highlight recent advances and successes utilizing in silico tools to discover new classes of antimalarials with unique mechanisms of action. Finally, current challenges and future opportunities to apply in silico methods in the ongoing fight against malaria are discussed

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malaria; Plasmodium; in silico drug design; quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR); molecular docking; virtual screening

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Abstract Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are noted as exceptional candidates towards the detection and removal of specific analytes. MOFs were reported in particular for the detection/removal of environmental contaminants, such as heavy metal ions, toxic anions, hazardous gases, explosives, etc. Among heavy metal ions, mercury has been noted as a global hazard because of its high toxicity in the elemental (Hg0), divalent cationic (Hg2+), and methyl mercury (CH3Hg+) forms. To secure the environment and living organisms, many countries have imposed stringent regulations to monitor mercury at all costs. Regarding the detection/removal requirements of mercury, researchers have proposed and reported all kinds of MOFs-based luminescent/non-luminescent probes towards mercury. This review provides valuable information about the MOFs which have been engaged in detection and removal of elemental mercury and Hg2+ ions. Moreover, the involved mechanisms or adsorption isotherms related to sensors or removal studies are clarified for the readers. Finally, advantages and limitations of MOFs in mercury detection/removal are described together with future scopes.

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: Hg2+; CH3Hg+; elemental mercury; luminescent detection; adsorption isotherms; MOFs; real analysis; non-luminescent probes; organic linkers; metal nodes

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India's consumer market positioning, youthful vitality, export potential, and technological improvements make it an attractive destination for manufacturing. To realize this potential, "Make in India" was introduced. Its main objectives are to promote foreign direct investment and position India as a global center for design and manufacturing. This study evaluates the campaign's impact on GDP (Gross Domestic Production), FDI inflows (Foreign Direct Investment), and the effectiveness of government initiatives associated with the program. The article highlights the challenges faced by the Make in India initiative. The aim of the study is to provide policymakers and stakeholders with insightful advice for a self-sufficient economy and delivering useful information to help India move closer to economic independence in order to influence future policy choices and promote economic growth.

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Self-Sufficient Economy, Foreign Direct Investment, Make in India, Gross Domestic Production, Economic Growth, Export Leverage

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Bioplastic, Corn starch, Characterization, Sustainability

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This paper focuses on the conflicting emotions of various female characters in two seminal short fictions of partition literature. As the victims of gender-specific violence, particularly abduction and rape in this case, during the large-scale migration of people prior to partition, these women hold a precarious position post-recovery and restoration through the Central Recovery Act of 1949. Starting with Lalithambika Antharjanam's "A Leaf in the Storm," this paper provides a detailed study of the range of emotions experienced by the central character, Jyotirmayee Devpal, an unwed yet expectant mother who must decide the fate of her child once it is born inside the rehabilitation camp. Arguably, even though she has been restored to her motherland, with the birth of her child, she will forever remain an outcast from society. Furthermore, through the study of Rajinder Singh Bedi's short story "Lajwanti," it highlights the plight of married women like Lajjo after their acceptance by their husbands. Although her position as a wife has been restored, her husband has a difficult time acknowledging her past. As a result, she must suffer in silence and bury her trauma forever in her heart.

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Partition, violence, trauma, abduction, rape, rehabilitation.

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The present study assesses the outreach of Swachh Bharat Mission plan, an integrative health plan in light of divergence across the states of India .The intent was to promote solid waste management, hygiene, and cleanliness throughout the nation and to end open defecation and manual scavenging. To maintain the progress gained thus far and intensify the cleaning push even further, the mission has been extended through October 2024.The mission hopes to promote people's health and wellbeing, especially in rural regions, by encouraging cleanliness and hygiene.The mission hopes to promote people's health and wellbeing, especially in rural regions, by encouraging cleanliness and hygiene. Additionally, it has encouraged the utilisation of cutting-edge waste management techniques and technologies, such as composting, biogas facilities, and waste-to-energy initiatives.As a result, there has been a major improvement in public health, with a decline in the prevalence of illnesses brought on by unsanitary conditions.

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Solid waste management , manual scavenging, open defecation , cutting edge waste management, hygiene.

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Smart contracts, internal to blockchain platform like Ethereum, facilitate decentralized applications by automating transactions and agreements. However, they are susceptible to security vulnerabilities, as evidenced by prominent attacks such as the DAO and Parity Wallet incidents. These vulnerability stem from flaws in design and implementation, compounded by the inherent nature of Solidity scripting and blockchain immutability. To address these challenges, we conducted a comprehensive survey of 16 security vulnerabilities in Ethereum smart contracts, identifying key issues and correlating them with 19 software security concerns. Our analysis predicts the existence of numerous yet-to-be-exploited vulnerabilities. We also explored various tools for detecting smart contract vulnerabilities through static analysis, dynamic analysis, and formal verification. By presenting these security challenges alongside available detection methods, our survey aims to inform smart contract auditors and developers about potential risks and mitigation strategies. Additionally, we discuss the limitations of existing tools and methodologies, highlighting areas for further research and improvement in smart contract security auditing.

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supply chain, blockchain, survey, smart contract

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The pharmaceutical industry faces a significant challenge with the formulation of poorly water-soluble drugs, which often exhibit low bioavailability. Nanocrystal technology has emerged as a promising solution to enhance the solubility and bioavailability of these drugs. Nanocrystals, which are nanoscale particles of pure drug substance, have unique properties that enable them to improve drug dissolution rates and absorption profiles significantly. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in nanocrystal formulations and their impact on the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. The primary objectives of this review are to elucidate the mechanisms by which nanocrystals enhance solubility and bioavailability, to examine the various production methods and stabilization techniques for nanocrystals, and to assess the clinical and commercial implications of these formulations. Additionally, this review aims to highlight the regulatory considerations and future directions for nanocrystal technology in pharmaceutical applications. Major findings from recent studies indicate that nanocrystals can dramatically increase the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs through size reduction and increased surface area, which enhances the dissolution rate. Furthermore, the stabilization of nanocrystals using surfactants and polymers is crucial to maintaining their efficacy and preventing aggregation. Various production techniques, including high-pressure homogenization, milling, and precipitation, have been optimized to produce stable nanocrystals with consistent properties. Clinical studies have shown that nanocrystal formulations can significantly improve the bioavailability of drugs, leading to enhanced therapeutic efficacy and reduced dosage requirements. In conclusion, nanocrystal technology represents a transformative approach in the formulation of poorly water-soluble drugs. The ability of nanocrystals to enhance solubility and bioavailability has been well-documented, with numerous successful applications in drug delivery systems. Future research and development in this field are expected to focus on further optimizing production techniques, exploring new stabilizing agents, and expanding the range of drugs that can benefit from nanocrystal formulations. This review underscores the potential of nanocrystals to address critical challenges in drug formulation and highlights their growing importance in pharmaceutical research and development.

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Nanocrystals, Solubility enhancement, Bioavailability, Poorly water-soluble drugs, Drug delivery systems

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General features of Kakatiya Temple Architecture in Warangal District B. Murali Krishna, Research scholar, Dept. of History & Archaeology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh. Mail id: nmuralianu@gmail.com. Cell:9032924470. With the arrival of the Kakatiyas in the political arena of medieval Andhra, temple construction activities gained momentum. The monuments of the Kakatiyas spread widely throughout their kingdom gives us an opportunity to study the art and architecture of the Kakatiyas. The temple became a symbol of various socio-cultural activities during the medieval history of the Deccan. A temple is not only sacred but also a nucleus for the entire community in all its cultural and spiritual aspects.1 In those days the establishment of temples was considered one of the seven dharmas known as the Saptasantanas,2 namely one's own son, adopted son, Sahitya Krishi, an Agrahara, a garden, a tank and a temple. The Kakatiyas, in particular, gave importance to the three "T's" i.e. Tank, Temple and Town system. A tank is constructed below the current, a temple is built there, the surrounding township is developed with all facilities and many temples are found to enable people to come and settle in those townships. It was built very close to the tanks during the Kakatiya period.

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9032924470

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It has been shown that as technology advanced and the effect of computers and the internet grew, it had an impact on a number of different industries. And today, computers are used to perform practically all tasks. The key to being in business is to swiftly transform knowledge into a product that customers desire, and nowadays, all of this is accomplished utilizing computers, software, and information systems. And the education system, which focuses on training the next generation of talent for the future, is unquestionably the foundation of civilization. The Catholic University of Mozambique now manages and declares student results manually and with a great deal of human interaction

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Student Result Management System, Research Paper, Technical Writing, Science Engineering

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The ability to identify, comprehend, control, and influence one's own emotions as well as those of others is referred to as emotional intelligence (EI), sometimes known as emotional quotient (EQ).Effective leadership, better personal and professional relationships, and general mental health are all said to depend on emotional intelligence. In contrast to IQ, which is largely fixed, emotional intelligence is something that can be enhanced and grown over time with training and practice. This study explores the impact of emotional intelligence (EI) on organizational performance, emphasizing its critical role in enhancing workplace dynamics and overall productivity. Emotional intelligence, encompassing self-awareness, selfregulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills, is increasingly recognized as a key determinant of effective leadership and employee engagement. Through a mixed-methods approach, this research examines the correlation between EI and various performance metrics, including employee satisfaction, retention rates, and organizational efficiency. Data collected from a diverse range of industries indicate that higher levels of emotional intelligence in leaders and employees significantly contribute to improved teamwork, innovation, and customer satisfaction. The findings underscore the importance of integrating emotional intelligence training into professional development programs to foster a more resilient and highperforming organizational culture. This study provides actionable insights for managers and HR professionals aiming to leverage emotional intelligence as a strategic asset for achieving sustainable competitive advantage.

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Emotional, intelligence, organizational performance, job satisfaction, employee productivity, leadership effectiveness

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 Abstract

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The Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) region in Uttar Pradesh (UP), India, performs a critical function in the country's economy, contributing substantially to employment generation, commercial output, and inclusive growth. This abstract outlines the MSME sector in UP, focusing on its traits, demanding situations, and growth opportunities. Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) contributed about 27% to India's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by 2021. In 2018-19, the share of MSMEs in India's GDP was 30.5% but declined during the pandemic The MSME GVA of India's GDP by 2021-2022 will be 29.15%, accounting for almost 50% of India's exports. In 2021, it was 27.24%. Uttar Pradesh has a 90-lakh MSME base, the highest in India, and contributes around 14% of India's total MSME count of 6.33 crore. The MSME sector accounts for almost 60% of the total industrial output in Uttar Pradesh. According to a CBRE-CREDAI report, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, and Uttar Pradesh collectively contribute nearly 40% of India's registered micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs).

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MSME, Uttar Pradesh, Economy contribution.

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This paper is a case-report about the management of Ellis Class V(Avulsion) fracture, highly common in age group of 8 - 9 years. Avulsion injury being the dental emergency requires immediate dental management. In recent years, research findings have shown the possibility of complete healing under favorable conditions: this case report highlights the methods replanting the tooth according to the criteria required by the guideline such as the extra oral time, duration of root canal therapy after re-implantation, and the extra-oral dry time. All this set of criteria may lead to a slower progression of the phenomenon of resorption with a better prognosis over time; however, there is a high risk of complications such as external root resorption which lies in late replantation. Nowadays with use of proper techniques, even teeth that are replanted after a delay can be saved. The dentist remains the key person in the case of dental trauma, namely, dental avulsion as his role is the management of the emergency situations. The objective of this case study is to present a successful management of an avulsed permanent incisors, replanted and remained with no complications for over a period of 6 months.

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Avulsion, Trauma, Incisor.

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Abstract Transparency and accountability in administration are fundamental pillars of participatory democracy. Information serves as the lifeblood of societal cohesion and democratic equilibrium, enabling citizens to navigate their social structures. In India, the Right to Information (RTI) evolved from judicial rulings into a constitutionally recognized Fundamental Right under Article 19(1)(a). Recognizing its vital role, the RTI Act was enacted in 2005, empowering citizens with a statutory framework to access information. This legislation stands as a cornerstone empowering Indian citizens to promote, safeguard, and defend their right to know. Good governance, synonymous with governance that maximizes benefits for the populace, necessitates broad participation across all segments of society. Despite the tendency for laws serving public interest to predominantly benefit the elite, the RTI Act stands as an exception, reaching even the remotest corners of the nation. This paper explores the implementation and impact of the RTI Act at the grassroots level in India, examining the contributions of ordinary citizens dedicated to advancing good governance. Additionally, it underscores the imperative to amend the Act to safeguard activists who often endanger their lives in the pursuit of public interest.

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Keywords: Good governance, Right to Information, RTI Activists, Participatory Democracy, Fundamental Right Implementation.

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Abstract Ancient people were lovers of sun and nature. In history it was believed that doing Surya Namaskar would bring health and peace. Even the origin of Surya Namaskar is unclear to us till today, some 17th century sources say that Surya namaskar was originated by Saint Samarth Ramdasa in India. this Surya Namaskar consists of 12 asanas and chanting mantras. According to some scriptures it is said that one does not face any kind of trouble by doing Surya Namaskar. Elements of physical fitness related to health. Physical fitness consists of five elements: muscular strength, flexibility, body composition, endurance of muscles, lung capacity. In order to help achieve a healthy body composition, Suraya namaskar activities burn calories and improve cardio respiratory endurance. Suryanamaskara is build muscles, improve endurance and power of the muscles as well as help to create a balanced physique. Doing Suraya namaskar that increase flexibility, muscular strength, body composition, muscular endurance, cardio respiratory endurance, burn calories.

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Key words; Surya Namaskara, techniques, 12 Asanas, Mantras, Health related Physical components, Benefits

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This study outlines the formulation process of an herbal mouthwash aimed at providing an alternative to conventional oral hygiene products. Through a systematic approach, a selection of herbs renowned for their antimicrobial and oral health-promoting properties was made. These herbs were carefully blended and tested in varying concentrations to optimize the formulation for efficacy and safety. Parameters such as pH, viscosity, and antimicrobial activity were evaluated to ensure the quality of the herbal mouthwash. The results indicate that the formulated product demonstrates promising antimicrobial effects against oral pathogens while maintaining desirable physical characteristics. This research contributes to the development of natural and effective oral care solutions, paving the way for further exploration and utilization of herbal ingredients in the field of dentistry and oral hygiene

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Herbal mouthwash, Ocimum sanctum, Camellia sinesis, Oral disorder

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Keywords: Uniform Civil Code, personal laws, equality, cultural diversity, gender justice, legal reforms.

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Children with intellectual disability (ID) and functional psychosis are at heightened risk for behaviour problems. Likewise, parents of children with ID and functional psychosis are more stressed than parents of typically developing children. Research on behavioural phenotypes suggests that different syndromes of ID and functional psychosis may be associated with distinct child behavioural risks. In the present study, parental reports of child behaviour problems were examined for syndrome-specific differences. Aim & Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the behavior problems in children with intellectual disability and functional psychosis. Participants and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional hospital based study. The study samples were selected through purposive sampling technique. The sample size was 40 parents among which 20 parents of children and adolescent with intellectual disability and 20 parents of children and adolescent with functional psychosis taken from Erna Hoch Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit and Charak Outpatient Department, of the Central Institute of Psychiatry, Kanke, Ranchi. "Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory" (1) scale was used for the data collection. Data were analysed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS-21 Version). Result & Conclusion: Results indicated no significant group differences in ratings of "Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory" (1).

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Behaviour Problems, Psychosis, Intellectual Disability

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As the global economy becomes more interconnected, protecting the supply chain from threats has become a critical issue. The article explores the transformative potential of blockchain technology to improve supply chain security. By leveraging the decentralized and immutable nature of blockchain, organizations can increase transparency, traceability, and trust in their supply chains. This content will provide an in-depth look at the key components of blockchain-based supply chain security, including smart contracts, cryptography, and different consensus processes. Through a comprehensive review of global applications and research articles, this article highlights the benefits and challenges associated with the use of blockchain solutions in supply chain management. The findings demonstrate blockchain's potential to reduce risk, reduce fraud, and increase the power of global resources in an age where security is paramount

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supply chain , blockchain , survey , smart contract

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