Volume 13 | Issue 5

 Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is reshaping education through personalized learning, automation, and improved accessibility (Luckin et al., 2018). However, ethical concerns such as data privacy, algorithmic bias, accountability, and the digital divide require attention (Selwyn, 2019).This paper examines these ethical challenges while highlighting AI's potential in fostering equitable education. A balance between innovation and ethical responsibility is necessary for sustainable AI integration in educational settings.

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Artificial Intelligence, ethical concerns, personalized learning, sustainable AI integration

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Urbanization and rapid population growth have led to increased traffic congestion, pollution, and a decline in public health. As a result, cities worldwide are shifting towards sustainable development models, emphasizing walkability as a key aspect of urban planning. The concept of walkable cities has gained significant attention as urban areas seek sustainable solutions to environmental, social, and economic challenges. Pedestrian-friendly planning aims to reduce dependence on automobiles, enhance public health, promote economic vitality, and create more livable urban spaces. This research article explores the principles of walkable city planning, its impact on sustainability, and case studies highlighting successful implementations. The study also discusses policy recommendations and future directions to promote pedestrian-centric urban development.

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Walkability evaluations, health, sustainability, livability.

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As the fastest-growing economies in the world, the requirements of the Indian higher education system have to be reformed to meet the demands of a knowledge economy. This paper delineates the possible challenges and opportunities in higher education in India with regard to skill enhancement, digitalization, convergence between industry and academia and policy enablement. The paper indicates potential inputs such as the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, digital learning platforms and innovation driven by research for a clear indication of higher education's value in economic growth and global competitiveness. Discussions about several opportunities also include global best practices for replication by India in fast-tracking its transformation into a knowledge economy. The potential of becoming a global knowledge hub largely exists for India owing to its demographic dividend and growing digital infrastructure. Traditionally, those aspects to be looked upon include outdated curricula, limited exposure to industries and not-so-great research ecosystems (Agarwal, 2019). Higher education systems must be flexible enough to offer skill development, innovations and research. Hence, a responsive higher education system is essential in driving the economy with knowledge.

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Transforming Higher Education to Meet the Needs of a Knowledge- Driven Economy: The Indian Context

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The aim of this research paper is to explore the role of virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR) and artificial intelligence (AI) in the transformation of the education system in India. The research objectives to study the role of emerging technologies such as Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR) and AI platforms in transforming the education system in India are as reasons and impact on students. Case study related to the role of emerging technologies such as virtual reality, augmented reality and AI platforms in transforming the education system in India The researcher taught 10 students for 10 days in a higher secondary school in Jaipur. In this teaching, mathematics and science subjects were taught through AI, VR and AR. For this, the help of a private NGO was taken. After 10 days of study, 10 students were interviewed. On the basis of this, conclusions were drawn based on discussion and analysis. The study shows that these technologies are having a positive impact on the learning ability, study habits, academic achievement and academic stress of students. VR and AR are proving to be very useful in understanding difficult subjects, while AI is making it easier for students to access information. Along with this, the challenges of these technologies have also been analyzed in this research paper.

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Virtual Reality, AI, AR, Education System, Learning Outcomes

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Climate change is a major driver of food insecurity, demanding urgent action and effective measures to prevent millions from falling into hunger and poverty. Subsistence farming communities and vulnerable populations are particularly at risk from climate- related hazards. Changes in future weather patterns including fluctuations in precipitation, increased frequency of floods, droughts, heat waves, and windstorms are expected as the climate continues to shift. These unpredictable and extreme weather events, coupled with shifting growing seasons, are causing inconsistent crop yields, threatening both food security and livelihoods around the world. In this context, promoting climate-resilient agriculture is essential for ensuring sustainable food systems and providing stable income for rural communities. This approach involves adopting farming practices and technologies that can endure and adapt to changing environmental conditions. A key strategy under review is the development of 'smart crops' through the enhancement of plant physiological traits, enabling them to thrive in the face of climate variability.

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Food insecurity, climate-resilient agriculture, Crop yield, smart crops physiological traits.

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The integration of emerging technologies--Artificial Intelligence (AI), Virtual and Augmented Reality (VR/AR), and digital learning platforms--is transforming geography education by enhancing engagement, interactivity, and personalized learning. Emerging technologies are transforming the landscape of education, offering innovative ways to engage students and enhance learning experiences in geography. AI facilitates adaptive learning through intelligent tutoring systems, automated assessments, and data-driven insights into student performance. VR/AR technologies immerse students in interactive, 3D geographical environments, facilitating a deeper understanding of spatial relationships, terrain, and cultural contexts. VR/AR provides immersive, experiential learning by simulating real-world geographical environments, enabling students to explore complex spatial concepts interactively. Digital learning platforms offer collaborative tools, geospatial data visualization, and remote access to resources, makinggeography education more accessible and dynamic. These technologies allow students to experience places and phenomena that would otherwise be inaccessible, making learning more engaging and impactful. Digital learning platforms, on the other hand, facilitate seamless access to a variety of resources, fostering collaboration, self-paced learning, and global connectivity. Together, these technologies promote deeper comprehension of geographical phenomena, foster critical thinking, and prepare students for a technology-driven world. However, challenges such as accessibility, teacher training, and ethical considerations must be addressed to maximize their potential. This paper examines the opportunities and challenges of these technologies in geography education, highlighting their role in shaping future learning paradigms. It explores how the integration of AI, VR/AR, and digital platforms in geography education enhances cognitive skills, promotes experiential learning, and prepares students for the challenges of the 21st century.

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Artificial Intelligence (AI), Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), digital learning platforms, geography education, immersive learning.

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Fungal biodiversity plays a crucial role in the health and productivity of forage feed crops, influencing both disease outbreaks and plant resilience. While some fungal species cause significant yield losses and produce harmful mycotoxins, others contribute to plant growth, nutrient cycling, and disease suppression. Understanding the diversity of fungal communities associated with forage crops is essential for developing sustainable disease management strategies. Eco-friendly approaches to disease management, such as biocontrol agents, organic amendments, crop rotation, and the use of resistant cultivars, offer effective alternatives to chemical fungicides. Beneficial fungi, including mycorrhizal and endophytic species, enhance plant resistance to pathogens and improve soil health. Moreover, advancements in microbial inoculants and natural fungicides derived from plant extracts and antagonistic microbes show promising potential for controlling fungal diseases in forage systems. This research explores the complex interactions between fungal biodiversity and disease dynamics in forage crops, emphasizing sustainable management strategies. By integrating ecological principles and innovative biocontrol techniques, eco-friendly approaches can enhance forage productivity while minimizing environmental impacts. The findings contribute to the development of resilient agricultural systems that ensure livestock feed security and ecosystem sustainability.

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Fungal biodiversity, forage crops, eco-friendly management, biocontrol agents, sustainable agriculture

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India's rich intellectual heritage has profoundly influenced global developments in science, mathematics, and technology. This article explores the intersections between ancient Indian knowledge systems and artificial intelligence (AI), and shows how fundamental concepts of mathematics, linguistics, and logical reasoning influence modern computational models. By integrating Vedic mathematics, Panini grammar, and rule logic with AI-based innovations, India can strengthen its digital transformation. The study also examines the role of AI in education, industry, and governance in line with the vision of a developmental India 2.0. Moreover, AI ethical principles rooted in Dharma and sustainability ensure inclusive and responsible AI development. By leveraging its historical knowledge, India can establish itself as a global leader in AI, while pursuing technological advancements with cultural and ethical awareness.

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Ancient India, Artificial Intelligence, Viksit Bharat, Technology and Education

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One of the most pressing public health challenges in India is still seen in poor diets that have resulted in malnutrition. Though India has experienced economic progress, it has a dual burden of malnutrition which consists of under nutrition, overnutritionandmicronutrient deficiencies. The key objective of this issue is to realize the ideal situation of Viksit Bharat (Developed India), a country where everyone has access to wholesome food, first-rate medical care, and an education. This paper covers the key approaches for solving malnutrition, which are based on recent research and policy analysis. Reducing child undernutrition can be strongly reduced by strengthening government interventions like POSHAN Abhiyan and the Mid Day Meal Scheme (PM - POSHAN). National food security can be improved through PDS reforms with inclusion of nutrient dense foods like millets and fortified cereals. Biofortified crops and AI driven nutrition tracking are highlighted as key contributors in addressing micronutrient deficiencies. In addition, promising results have been produced by the community based initiatives including nutrition gardens and maternal nutrition education to increase household dietary diversity. These include running gender-sensitive nutrition programs that empower women, promoting climate resilient crops such as millets and using real time malnutrition mapping that uses AI. For Viksit Bharat that means a multi sectoral approach with policy reforms and technological development to offset the local elements of adaption of better options. What this study illustrates is that there is a need for holistic and evidence based interventions for better health outcomes and future economic prosperity.

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POSHAN Abhiyan, PDS reforms, AI in nutrition, Public health, Food security, Gender-sensitive policies.

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This paper offers a comprehensive overview of the synthesis, characteristics, and applications of nanoparticles (NPs) in various forms. Nanoparticles are diminutive materials with size dimensions ranging from 1 to 100 nanometres. They can be categorised into many classes according to their qualities, forms, or sizes. The various categories comprise fullerenes, metallic nanoparticles, ceramic nanoparticles, and polymeric nanoparticles. Nanoscale particles exhibit distinctive physical and chemical characteristics owing to their elevated surface area and diminutive size. The importance of nanoparticles (NPs) in technological progress stems from their versatile properties and superior performance compared to their parent materials. They are often produced by reducing metal ions to neutral nanoparticles with toxic reducing chemicals. In recent years, there has been significant utilisation of NPs in many industrial and environmental applications that are deemed critical. The study shows that nanoparticles have a big impact on many different industries and fields. This shows how important it is to keep researching and developing them to fully understand their potential and reduce any risks or worries that come with it.

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Nanoparticles ,Fullerness ,Optical ,Plasmonic ,Toxicity green synthesis, nanoparticles, nanotechnology, biological synthesis

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Promotes creativity, critical thinking and entrepreneurship through curriculum reforms that enable them to generate or explore alternatives, ideas and possibilities,Because with its help, children can develop physically and mentally, such as thinking quickly and solving problems in a new way,It transforms imaginative and original ideas into reality, which helps to enhance critical thinking and entrepreneurship in students. It also develops a knowledge seeking attitude in students.Critical thinking is not only closely linked to entrepreneurship, but it is also a meta skill for mastering other entrepreneurial skills/abilities.To foster creativity by reforming the curriculum, encouraging innovation and imagination in education, allowing students independent exploration and self-directed learning, providing resources and guidance to teachersand should include teaching methods that foster creativity,successful entrepreneurs not only have to engage in entrepreneurial processes-They have the knowledge and skills to turn an idea into a business. They also need an entrepreneurial mindset that seeks out problems and solutions. Critical thinking is important for both of these elements.Throughout the entrepreneurial journey, from customer discovery to idea generation to business model innovation and beyond, critical thinking skills are essential to performing these complex tasks in a meaningful, useful way.

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Creativity,Critical Thinking, Entrepreneurship, Realism

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Climate change has a significant impact on health's social and environmental determinants. It's frequently linked to our environment and man-made stressors, both of which have already had an impact on public health in a variety of ways. Climate change has a direct impact on our basic needs for clean air, clean water, sufficient food, and safe shelter. Global warming, rising sea levels, extreme weather, natural disasters, and other new health-related threatsare all becoming more prevalent in our daily lives. These effects appeared to be unrelated at first, but they are in fact intertwined. Global warminghas nowovertaken allof theother threats as the mostserious issuein almostevery country. Icebergs and glaciers may melt as a result of global warming, raising sea levels, and there are theories that more ancient viruses and animal corpses are being discovered. On a long-term scale, the problems and damage that come with environmental issues are harmful to huma Climate change has a significant impact on health's social and environmental determinants. It's frequently linked to our environment and man-made stressors, both of which have already had an impact on public health in a variety of ways.Climate change has a direct impact on our basic needs for clean air, clean water, sufficient food, and safe shelter. Global warming, rising sea levels, extreme weather, natural disasters, and other new health-related threatsare all becoming more prevalent in our daily lives. These effects appeared to be unrelated at first, but they are in fact intertwined. Global warminghas nowovertaken allof theother threats as the mostserious issuein almostevery country. Icebergs and glaciers may melt as a result of global warming, raising sea levels, and there are theories that more ancient viruses and animal corpses are being discovered.Climate change is causing glaciers to melt, which is a major contributor to sea level rise. Glaciers are also a vital water source for communities and ecosystems. Glaciers are shrinking or disappearing in many parts of the world. They are flowing into the ocean. Melting glaciers and ice sheets are the biggest cause of sea level rise in recent decades and threaten natural and human water supplies in many parts of the world. Support legislation that creates favorable market conditions for the carbon-free energy industry. Glaciers and the environment are severely affected by global warming. The forecast for the year 2022 -2025 is that the winter season will see only 10-15% of winters, which makes it clear that rapid melting of old ice sheets and glaciers is confirming that climate change will lead to many issues. This study used a scoping review methodology to explore the integrated impacts of climate change on glaciers from the academic literature. The findings showed that some glacial landscapes are experiencing a decline in beauty or attractiveness, while some landscapes are likely to experience continued decline or even disappearance.

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Shrinkage, Calving, Decade, Law, Integrated Effect

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India stands at a pivotal juncture in its economic and social development, powered by its youthful demographic and the accelerating adoption of digital technologies. As global industries transition to digital-first operations driven by Artificial Intelligence, automation, and data analytics, India's workforce must rapidly adapt to remain competitive. This paper explores how innovative approaches to skill development and vocational training can enhance employability in India's digital landscape. It provides a comprehensive analysis of governmental initiatives, educational reforms, and public- private collaborations that are driving the evolution of vocational education. Further, it addresses the persistent challenges such as the mismatch between curriculum and industry needs, disparities in access, and the social stigma around vocational careers. Through a synthesis of contemporary literature and policy developments, the paper proposes strategic frameworks to develop an inclusive, scalable, and future-proof skilling ecosystem that aligns with the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The findings emphasize that equipping India's workforce with digital competencies is critical not only for individual livelihood security but also for national economic competitiveness in a digitally integrated world.

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Digital-first economy, Skill development, Vocational training, Industry 4.0, Future skills, India, Employability, Public-private partnership, Educational reform, E- learning.

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 Abstract

Rashtriya Siksha niti 2020 dwara shaikshikanvachar: naitiksiksha ke vishesh sandarbh mein

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Rashtriya Siksha niti 2020 dwara shaikshikanvachar: naitiksiksha ke vishesh sandarbh mein

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Promoting traditional and nutritious crops: Indian perspective in the 21st century

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Promoting traditional and nutritious crops: Indian perspective in the 21st century

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The escalating global challenges of waste accumulation and resource depletion necessitate innovative approaches to sustainable development. Integrating modern biological techniques into the circular economy model offers a promising pathway to mitigate waste and enhance resource recovery. This research explores the potential of biotechnological advancements--such as enzymatic degradation, microbial recycling, and bio-based material production--to transform waste streams into valuable resources. By examining case studies and current innovations, the study aims to elucidate how modern biology can be harnessed to close material loops, reduce environmental impact, and promote economic growth. The findings underscore the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and policy support in realizing the full benefits of a bio-integrated circular economy.

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Circular Economy, Modern Biology, Waste Reduction, Resource Recovery, Biotechnology, Enzymatic Degradation, Microbial Recycling, Bio-based Materials, Sustainability.

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One of the biggest worldwide concerns at the moment is environmental degradation. Governments around the world have recently turned their attention to growing the electric vehicle (EV) ecosystem in developing nations in an effort to lessen environmental damage. The main goal of this article is to analyse the EV ecosystem in India. According to the study, even if EV sales are rising by triple digits, a strong support system has not yet been established. Interestingly, India has a woefully low ratio of EV sales to public charging outlets. India needs to make investments in cutting-edge technology like fast charging infrastructure and lithium cell manufacturing if it wants to become a leader in the EV sector. Research and development (R&D) must also be given top priority if self- reliance Aatmanirbhar is to be achieved in the EV ecosystem.

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Degradation, ecosystem, lithium cell, public charging outlets

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The Amla tree (Emblica officinalis), a deciduous species bearing fleshy, lemon-sized fruits, is renowned for being one of the richest natural sources of ascorbic acid. It has been widely utilized in Unani and Ayurvedic medicine for its therapeutic properties since ancient times. Amla is packed with essential nutrients, including iron, calcium, phosphorus, and tannins, and exhibits haematinic, anabolic, antibacterial, anti- inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective activities. Scientific studies have highlighted its radio modulatory, chemoprotective, free radical scavenging, anti- neoplastic, and immunomodulatory effects. Traditionally, ?mla has been employed in treating anaemia, palpitations, and anxiety. Additionally, its sharbat is believed to provide relief in conditions like jaundice, haemorrhoids, flatulence, and dyspepsia. This review aims to explore the botanical, physical, chemical, and medicinal attributes of Amla (Emblica officinalis). It emphasizes the need for rigorous scientific validation of its therapeutic claims to establish its efficacy as a cost-effective remedy with minimal side effects.

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Amla, Therapeutic Potential, Haemorrhoids

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The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in higher education presents new opportunities for fostering critical thinking among students. This study explores faculty perspectives on the adoption and implementation of AI-based learning tools in Indian universities. Using a qualitative research approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with faculty members across disciplines to understand their experiences, challenges, and best practices related to AI-enhanced pedagogy. The findings highlight both enthusiasm and apprehension regarding AI's role in higher education. While faculty recognize AI's potential to provide real-time feedback, personalize learning, and encourage analytical reasoning, concerns persist regarding faculty readiness, student dependency, ethical considerations, and institutional barriers. The study underscores the need for structured faculty training, policy interventions, and balanced AI-human pedagogical approaches to optimize AI's impact on critical thinking. The research contributes to ongoing discussions on AI's role in education and provides practical insights for policymakers and educators.

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Artificial Intelligence, Critical Thinking, Faculty Perspectives, Higher Education, Pedagogical Innovation, AI-Based Learning, Indian Universities

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In the 21st century, education focused on equips students with essential skills such as creativity, critical thinking, and entrepreneurship. Traditional curriculum, often rigid and exam-focused, emphasizes rote learning and theoretical knowledge, limiting students' ability to apply their skills in real-life situations. This paper explores the need for curriculum reform to foster critical thinking, creativity, and entrepreneurial skills. It examines the limitations of the current education system and highlights the benefits of integrating experiential learning, problem-solving approaches, and technology into the curriculum. Through a case study research design, data is gathered from interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis to assess the effectiveness of these reforms. Findings suggest that a restructured curriculum, incorporating inquiry-based learning, project-based activities, and entrepreneurial education, enhances students' cognitive abilities, problem-solving skills, and adaptability. The paper concludes that comprehensive curriculum reform is essential for preparing students for the dynamic challenges of the modern world, ensuring they develop the competencies needed for academic, professional, and personal success.

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Curriculum, Critical Thinking, Creativity, Entrepreneurship, Curriculum Reform

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition