Volume 11 | Issue 5

 Abstract

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a major source of illness and mortality around the world. We highlight future goals for ADR research in this review, including discovering additional risk factors for ADRs, notably genetic and environmental variables. Advances in genetics and personalised medicine may aid in identifying individuals who are more likely to experience ADRs and tailoring pharmaceutical regimens accordingly. Creating biomarkers that can predict or detect ADRs could improve ADR detection and management. Large datasets can be analysed using machine learning and artificial intelligence to find patterns of ADRs and predict ADRs before they occur. Improved pharmacovigilance operations can aid in the detection and reporting of ADRs. Alternative therapies, such as herbal remedies and traditional medicines, can aid in the identification of probable ADRs and medication interactions. Involving patients in ADR research can aid in identifying patient viewpoints, preferences, and experiences with ADRs. In conclusion, future ADR research should concentrate on identifying additional risk factors, establishing personalised medicine techniques, identifying biomarkers, using machine learning and AI, improving pharmacovigilance, studying alternative medicines, and integrating patients in research. These approaches have the potential to improve drug safety as well as patient outcomes.

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 Keywords

adverse drug reactions, ADRs, risk factors, early diagnosis, pharmacovigilance, detection, reporting, alternative therapies.

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Poor dietary diversity is one of the main reasons of maternal undernutrition and affects development of foetus. Take home ration (THR) which is provided under Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) to improve maternal nutrition is mostly not utilized by pregnant women. Therefore, the present study dealt with development of nutrient rich recipes using THR under snacks, desserts and appetizer categories. Thirty semi-trained panel members who qualified the threshold test performed organoleptic evaluation of the recipes in duplicates using nine-point hedonic scale. Data was also obtained on THR consumption amongst pregnant women. Nine recipes namely Mix veg muthiya, besan chilla, mix veg uttapam, thepla, handvo, namakpara, mixveg cutlets, upma, thalipeeth were developed under snacks. Desserts included five sweet recipes and appetizer included a tomato carrot soup. The salient feature of recipes was incorporation of locally available foods and THR to improve dietary diversity. Mix vegetable cutlets (8.54+0.51) and Shakkarpara (8.23+0.51) received the highest overall scores. Development of manual to educate pregnant women about the THR provided to them and how to use it for preparing the recipes was undertaken. A chart containing various combinations of these recipes to provide the recommended 145g of THR/day to pregnant women was a part of the manual. Cook and store recipes were also developed to ensure sustainability. Development of nutrient rich recipes using THR can help in improving the dietary intakes of pregnant women along with ensuring reduction in wastage of THR.

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Dietary diversity, maternal nutrition, take home ration, nutrient rich recipes

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Theoretical The foetal electrocardiogram (FECG) signal may contain precise information that might assist doctors in making more appropriate and timely decisions while on the job. Fetal pulse checking is a technique for obtaining vital information about a hatchling's health throughout pregnancy and work by recognising the FECG signal produced by the embryo's core. Clinical analysis and biomedical applications are the conclusive justifications for the interest in FECG signal investigation. Congenital heart failure is one of the most well-known birth defects and the leading cause of birth deformity-related deaths. The morphology of heart electrical signs is affected in the majority of people who have cardiovascular problems. The cost of an effective approach for foetal cardiovascular signals can be offset by the successful method for observing the prosperity of the fetal heart. Digital signal processing techniques have played an important role in the extraction of foetal ECG signals. The abdominal ECG IV signal (AECG) is thought to be a nonlinear mixture of the maternal ECG, foetal ECG signal, and various interference signals. The foetal ECG is derived from two signals captured on the mother's skin in the thoracic and abdominal zones. To solve the dilemma of the mother and foetus, we apply the FECG technique to calculate the heart rates of both the mother and the foetus by correlating the signals. We use a toolbox called NI Lab VIEW for this, which allows us to correlate and compare signals using data from the PHYSIONET database.

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Fetal Electrocardiogram (FEEG), QFC, Correlation, Convolution, Mean Square Error.

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This study is deemed important because it analyzed the effects of road widening projects on Tarlac 1st Congressional District. It also provides a way to assessed how well the DPWH has performed in terms of the effectiveness of its duties and responsibilities and the successes of implementing programs, projects, and activities. After that, a proposed action plan to address these problems, issues and challenges, have been made. The study used the descriptive analysis research method in assessing the effects of Road Widening Projects in Tarlac 1st Congressional District in terms of residence, livelihood, road safety, right of way acquisition, local employment, and road improvement. Likewise, it also determined the problems encountered and what action plan proposed to enhance the implementation of road widening projects. The total mean in terms of residence computed weight of 2.03 which described as less affected this means that the road widening has an average effect to the residence. In terms of livelihood with the computed overall mean of 2.43 interpreted as less affected this implies that the respondent's source of income was unaffected by road widening. While, in terms of Road Safety overall mean of 3.08 described as moderately affected, this implies that road safety measures are not well received by road users. Right of way acquisition has an overall mean of 2.18 interpreted as less affected it implies that the DPWH must strictly adhere the right of way acquisition procedure in all projects. In terms of local employment with overall mean of 2.48 interpreted as less affected, this implies that while local laborers are employed, there are only a limited number available position. In terms of road improvement has an overall mean of 3.89 interpreted as much affected, this implies that the respondents are aware of the benefits of road improvement. It shows that the number 1 problem is that inadequate safety devices, signages and barriers during construction. Thus, one of the recommendations is that before the project is implemented, the DPWH may identify and resolved the issue with the right of way.

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Right of way acquisition, Residence, Local Employment, Livelihood, Road Safety, Road Improvement

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Now days, living without electricity is unimaginable, hence it is our responsibility to conserve the energy. However, due to the busy schedule, many of us forgets to turn off the lights/fans and other appliances which are in use. We have to turn them off when this appliances are not in use. This is a big problem in the majority of the country. Over last few years, remarkable progress has been made in educational system. And by bringing new ideas to the sector of consumer electronics. If we have to reduce the energy consumption in our classroom, we have to automate the whole system by using latest technologies. Automation offers many forms of benefit. Our research proves detection of person motion as a parameter to Decide, whether the power supply should be turned on or off. Python is the programming language that we are using. We have completed our working strategy.

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Automation, Raspberry pi, Person detection.

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We know that every field increases and changes with technology. The Internet of Things is a turning point for the advancement of technology. The Internet of Things (IoT) has opened the door to the creation of agricultural machines that can complete their tasks. Arduino based systems are very reliable and widely used in agriculture. Smart Farming is powered by Arduino using IoT System. It includes humidity sensor, temperature sensor, soil moisture sensor, PIR sensor and DC motor. The system automatically detects soil moisture and moisture content. The sensor is used to determine the water level, if the water level falls below the limit, the system automatically starts watering. Depending on the temperature change, the sensor does its job. IoT also shows data about humidity, by adding date and time.

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IoT, Arduino Uno, Soil moisture sensor, PIR sensor, Buzzer, DHT 11 (temperature and humidity) sensor, Wi-Fi module, DC to DC converter, Relay, Motor

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BACKGROUND: Stress related to one's job is referred to as occupational stress. It occurs due to unexpected responsibilities and pressure on the person. The ICDS Programme, started on October 2, 1975, is a Nationwide programme of the Government of India for maternal and child health. Under this programme, six services consisting of preschool education, immunization, nutrition, health education, health check-ups, and referral services are provided to children up to six years of age and pregnant and lactating mothers. These services are delivered through key service providers of the programme called AWWs. Because of Anganwadi workers, most of the national programs run efficiently at the grass-roots level. Workplace stress is an alteration in one's physical or mental state in response to the workplace. Anxiety related to work among them is increasing, as is burnout. The problems faced by them are inadequate honorarium, excessive record maintenance, infrastructure-related work overload, inadequate supervision, and a lack of help from the community. Anganwadi workers are more prone to error, poor work performance, mental health issues, burnout, and conflict in the workplace. METHODS: The study was conducted using cross-sectional quantitative research methods. Stratified random sampling and one-to-one interviews were used to collect the data. 144 Anganwadi workers were included from Akole in Ahmednagar district. Anganwadi workers who have been in service at least for the past year and have given written consent were only included in the study. Data was collected from the respondents using a questionnaire. analyzed using IBM SPSS with the help of tables and graphs. RESULT: In present Study 144 Anganwadi workers from Akole Taluka were interviewed. 87.5% of Anganwadi workers are married, 0.7% are unmarried, 2.8% are separated, and 9.0% are divorced. This found that 93.8% of Anganwadi workers are attentive to work. This study found that workload influences 51.4 % of Anganwadi Workers. Anganawadi workers felt 18.1% stressed, 11.1% depressed, and 48.6% exhausted. 20.8% of Anganawadi workers work under tension. This study found that 51.40% feel a heavy work load, 37.50% suffer from physical disorders, and 22.90% are not stable in mental ability. CONCLUSION: The pressure of new online work has a major impact on the mindset of Anganwadi workers. Because they have no training for new work. So, they must provide data only under supervisory pressure, without providing any information. Mental stress and fear are inviting new diseases.

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Anganwadi worker, Occupational Work load, Mental Stress

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The development and well- being of banks in an economy is very crucial. Banks are the main suppliers of money and credit to the individuals, business, industries etc. The central bank of any country is responsible for credit control and proper flow of currency in the country but they are able to implement most of their policies through the banking channels. Banks are responsible for advancing loans for various developmental works in different sectors of the economy. Banks are the backbone of any country and their proper functioning reflects in the sound health of the economy. But banks have been facing the problem of stressed assets, more specifically, the Non-Performing Assets (NPAs). According to Economic Times, in the financial year 2019, globally India Ranked 5th in case of countries having the highest NPAs. In the past, there were various committees formed in order to tackle the range of problems faced by banks such as p. selvam committee, Khanna committee, James Raj Committee etc. Due to the collective efforts of RBI and other agencies, in the recent years, banks have been able to reduce the growing NPAs to a substantial level. This paper focusses on the performance of State Bank of India (SBI), a major public sector bank of the country, in dealing with the NPAs. In this paper, an effort has been made to analyze the size of NPA, reasons and the different ways banks and Reserve Bank of India (RBI) are working on, to reduce NPAs.

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Key Words: Non Performing Assets (NPA), Stata Bank of India, Economic Liberalization, RBI, SMA, GROSS NPA, NET NPA, GROSS PROFIT, NET PROFIT, WRITE-OFFs.

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Abstract Empowerment of women is indispensable for the development or progress of a nation. Without the support of women, men alone cannot bring the desired changes in the growth and economy of a nation. Since times immemorial, women have been economically dependent on men. They were not allowed to participate in the decision-making process, they have been accorded a subordinate status to men. Now, with the efforts of various feminists and activists, the times are changing and women are gradually becoming economically self- dependent. But, the other side of these economically self-dependent women is that they have almost become a multi tasking machine for the reason that they are still not absolved of their traditional identity as a homemaker. They have to face different kinds of problems and difficulties both at their workplace as well as home. The irony is that women find themselves unable to keep people happy and satisfied both at workplace and at her home. Indeed, there is a need to redefine the status of women in true sense and also the need of gender sensitization to help women to attain their actual emancipation.

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Key Words: working woman, security, violence, gender, hurdle, stress.

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Natural remedies are more acceptable in the belief that they are safter with fewer side effects than the synthetic ones. Herbal formulation have growing demand in the world market. The present work deals with the development and evaluation of herbal face wash containing aloe Vera, Rose water, glycerin, soap base almond oil, raw honey peppermint oil etc. Although various topical herbal formulation for acne are available in the market, we purpose to make herbal formulation without using any synthetic ingredient. It was very good attempt to establish the herbal face wash containing aloe Vera.

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A REVIEW ON: ALOV VERA FACE WASH

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: Our research involves the application of calcium chloride and marble dust to expansive soil to improve its engineering properties. Expansive soils swell greatly when [1] wet and shrink when wet. Lightly loaded civil engineering structures such as residential buildings, pavements, and canal linings are badly harmed as a result of this alternative swelling and shrinking. As a result, it is vital to reduce these problems caused by [2] expansive soils and prevent structural cracking. As a remedy to the problem of expanding soils, many novel foundation approaches have been revised. The stabilisation of expanding clays with various additives has also been quite successful. Chemical stabilisation [3] is a typical technique used for improving the expansive characteristics of soil. In this study, marble dust was used as an admixture and calcium chloride (CaCl2) as an addition to determine the pre- and post-treatment geotechnical parameters of expansive soil, including OMC and MDD, Atterberg limits, DFS (differential free swell), and strength characteristics.

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Soil, Marble dust, Calciumchloride

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Tea leaves are susceptible to various diseases that can significantly impact the yield and quality of tea production. Early detection and diagnosis of these diseases are crucial for timely interventions and effective disease management. In recent years, deep learning techniques have shown promising results in automated image-based disease detection systems. This study investigates the application of pretrained convolutional neural networks (CNNs), specifically AlexNet and GoogleNet, for tea leaves disease detection. The pretrained AlexNet and GoogleNet models are fine-tuned using a large dataset of labeled tea leaf images containing healthy leaves as well as leaves affected by common diseases. . The results demonstrate the effectiveness of using pretrained networks for tea leaves disease detection, with both AlexNet and GoogleNet achieving high accuracies. Additionally, the models are compared in terms of computational efficiency and detection performance to determine their suitability for practical deployment. Proposed methodology uses Tea Leaves Disease Classification dataset classify seven types of diseases like red leaf spot, gray blight, white spot, brown blight, algal leaf spot, Anthracnose, bird's eye spot each class contain minimum 40 images proposed methodology compute tea leaves diseases identification by using AlexNet and GoogleNet. The methodology proposed Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to improve accuracy further experimental results show the detection and identification accuracy Of AlexNet and GoogleNet for tea Leaves diseases.

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Convolutional Neural Network; AlexNet; GoogleNet.

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The present paper is based on the evidences from the remains of kushan period Stupa with Chaitya and house structures of kushan period,brunt bricks discovered in village Pharal, District Kaithal (Haryana).

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Archaeology, exploration,Stupa,Kushan, village Pharal

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The safety and reliability of natural products have generated the need to produce herbal-based products. The utilization of natural beauty care products has become progressively famous among present-day in women. Herbal lipstick is a cosmetic product containing pigments, waxes, oils, fragrances, preservatives, antioxidants and colours. Herbal lip beautifying products are made-up of natural plant extracts that rejuvenate and revitalize lip skin with new freshness. The objective of the present study involved the formulation and evaluation of herbal lipsticks using color matter from natural sources such as carrot, beetroot and cocoa powder, Papaya. Different natural ingredients such as beeswax, castor oil, white beeswax, vitamin E, coconut oil, rose oil, olive oil,almond oil and beetroot were used to formulate herbal lipstick. Prepared herbal lipstick was evaluated for different evaluation tests such as color, texture, pH, melting point, breaking point, surface anomalies, aging, and perfume stability. Results have shown that different evaluation parameters of prepared herbal lipstick resembled standard values and with the marketed formulation. It can be concluded that the use of natural colorants in lipstick formulations has fewer or no side effects

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Beet Root, Herbal lipsticks, Natural ingredients, Carrot juice, cocoa powder, Papaya

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India is the seventh biggest country in geographical area and the second most populated country after China. To feed the ever-growing population of India after Independence, the green revolution played a tremendous role, leaving behind some harmful effects on the environment due to over usage of chemical fertilizers and plant protection chemicals which eventually declined the soil fertility necessitating the adoption of eco-friendly farming methods like organic farming, natural farming to restore the environmental health and provide food security of the nation. With these new techniques taking care of every aspect of the crop is difficult which can be made easy by the emerging digital agriculture tools such as Precision farming, IoT, Artificial Intelligence and machine learning, etc. These tools make farming easy and interesting at the same time facilitating easy and continuous monitoring, irrigation water management, weather forecasting, pest and disease identification and spraying operations. The Present study focused on the genesis of digital agriculture in India, contributions by the government, the application of public-private partnerships in digitalization, some important digital tools, and the scope of digitalized agriculture in India by giving some successful examples.

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Digital agriculture, IOT, Artificial Intelligence, Precision Farming, Forecasting

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This study aims to assess the effectiveness of branding strategies on the success of startups in India. In recent years, India has witnessed a significant rise in entrepreneurial activities, with startups playing a crucial role in driving economic growth and innovation. In this competitive landscape, establishing a strong brand identity has become a vital aspect for startups to differentiate themselves and gain a competitive advantage. The research was based on primary data collected from startup founders, marketing professionals, and industry experts. The study focuses on various branding strategies, including brand positioning, brand image, brand communication, and brand equity. Statistical techniques such as regression analysis and correlation analysis are employed to assess the relationship between branding strategies and startup success. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for startup founders, marketing practitioners, and policymakers. By understanding the effectiveness of branding strategies, startups can optimize their resource allocation and marketing efforts to build a strong brand presence. Moreover, policymakers can gain insights into the areas where startups require support and guidance to develop effective branding strategies. The study's limitations include the potential for response bias in the survey data and the generalizability of findings to startups outside the Indian context. Nevertheless, the research aims to contribute to the existing literature on branding strategies and startup success, particularly in the Indian startup ecosystem. In conclusion, this research sheds light on the effectiveness of branding strategies and their impact on the success of startups in India. By examining various aspects of branding and its relationship with startup performance, the study provide actionable insights that can aid startups in formulating effective branding strategies and improving their chances of success in a competitive marketplace.

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Brand Image, Success of Startups, branding strategies, competitive marketplace, strong brand identity.

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Mathematics is one of the most important subjects in the school curriculum as it educates students to deal with a wide range of personal, social and civic issues According to the Kothari Commission, "Science and Mathematics should be taught to all learners as part of general education in the first ten years of school". Furthermore, specialized secondary-level courses in these subjects should be available to students with above-average ability." This paper suggests what programs and actions can be taken to increase students' mathematical abilities in order to increase their achievement in mathematics, even if students have positive and negative attitudes toward mathematics.

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Mathematics, Attitude, Achievement, Secondary schools, Government

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: In this review article we study different herbal excipients which are used in different herbal formulation dosage forms advantages, disadvantages and different properties And its classification based on various types and application with clearly mention in article. Though the utilization of natural excipients to deliver the bioactive agents has been hampered by the synthetic materials, but the added advantages offered by these natural excipients are their being non-toxic, less expensive and freely available. The performance of the excipients to some extent determines the quality of the medicines. The traditional concept of the excipients as any constituent other than the active substance has undergone a substantial evolution from an inert and cheap vehicle to an essential constituent of the formulation

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Herbal excipients; classification; pharmaceutical application.

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Verifying a license is difficult but requires a lot of system. This is useful for auto cabinet numbers, auto signal circuit breaker identification, and finding specific circuit breakers. Our project is a Raspberry Pi based license certificate, which uses an image to recognize the license. This system uses a camera with an LCD display circuit connected to a Raspberry pi. The system continues to monitor the situation with cameras. The camera can continuously input data to smash the camera. The license plate is understood in front of the camera, the camera input is processed, and the license plate is removed from the image. The process of the extracted image using OCR and extracts the license card number from it. The system then displays the reverse code and opens the door. Using the Raspberry Pi, we found the, a fully functional license plate recognition system and door control.

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Raspberry Pi, LCD Display, OCR

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Now-a-days people share their opinions, thoughts, knowledge and ideas with other people through Social Networks. Facebook, WhatsApp, Instagram, Twitter etc. are the major popular social networking sites (SNS) through which people as well as students communicate with others. The objectives of the present study are- to know the impact of SNS on higher education students. For analyzing the impact, statistical tools such as percentage analysis, Hendry Garratt Ranking analysis and ANOVA test has been used.

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KEY WORDS: Social Networking Sites(SNS) , Students preference, Impact on SNS.

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