Volume 12 | Issue 4

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Voice Controlled Home Automation Using Arduino is an exciting project that aims to automate home appliances with the power of voice commands. In this project, voice instructions will be recognized, and text-to-speech conversion will be performed using an Android app. The HC-05 module which is connected to Arduino through UART interface will be used to transmit the text data via Bluetooth to an Arduino microcontroller. This system is very practical and user friendly because it enables users to simply control and manage home appliances using basic voice commands. This idea offers a new degree of automation and efficiency in managing home appliances thanks to the integration of modern technology. Users can control loads through voice commands. Here voice app converts voice commands into text format. This data is transmitted to Arduino via Bluetooth. According to voice commands loads will be ON and OFF. Here voice commands are "light ON", "light OFF", "fan ON" and "fan OFF"

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HC-05 Bluetooth module, Arduino UNO, Commands are "light ON", "light OFF", "fan ON" and "fan OFF".

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Twitter is a miniature writing for a blog site which gives phase to individuals to share as well as communicate their perspectives about point, activities, items plus other medicinal harms. Tweets can be arranged keen on assorted classes reliant on their significance through the tip looked. NLP for wellbeing linked exploration be at present utilize in combination of tweet keen on positive as well as negative classes reliant on their approach utilizing normal language handling strategy. This paper contain execution of NLP for message alliance reliant on twitter omicron tweet informational catalog utilizing sentiment preparing information utilizing twitter statistics set as well as suggest a plan to further expand categorization. Utilization of Lemmatization alongside NLP can further expand accuracy of characterization of tweets, via bountiful encouragement, pessimism as well as impartiality score of vocabulary present in tweet. For genuine effecting of this structure python through NLP plus twitter informational compilation be used. In this paper we are concerning feelings exploration in twitter tweet for omicron datasets to arrange the survey of all consumers whether it is Positive, Negative or Neutral

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Categorization, Utilization, Lemmatization

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Inclusive education means that all students attend schools in appropriate age, regular classes and are supported to learn, contribute, and participate in all aspects of the life of the school, so that all student learns and participate together. The purpose of this study was to investigate the commitment of elementary school teachers to inclusive education for the students with disabilities, and whether the commitment to inclusive education between general and special education teachers was equal. Null hypothesis was framed that is there exists no significant difference in the commitment of elementary teachers to inclusive education for children with disabilities. For the present study, the investigator adopted ex-post facto design and descriptive survey method. For the collection of data, standardized tool was adopted that is teacher's commitment tool. The tool was administered on 80 urban/rural elementary school teachers of different elementary schools of Cuttack District, Odisha. The tabulated data was analysed by using 't'-test. According to the results of the study, the null hypothesis has been accepted. There is no significant difference between these demographic variables (gender, experience, locality, training) related to commitment level of teachers to inclusive education for CWD.

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Commitment, Elementary teacher, Inclusive education, Children with disability, Demographic variables.

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CHAPTERIZATION

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CHAPTERIZATION

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Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has left the business world bleak and desolated across the world. India is also not an exception. The Indian business organisations have faced severe financial challenges despite making claims of survival. Business Today, a noted magazine and daily in its online version reported that 10113 companies were shut down during the period of April 2020 to February 2021. The media house claimed the figure as reported by the Union Ministry of Corporate Affairs. The state wise report would raise the eye brows more. In a developing country like India where poverty rate strikes deep inspite of the presence of skyscrapers and conspicuous life style of the plutocratic society in selected metropolitan cities, the CMIE reports that amid the COVID-19 crisis around 7 million people lost their jobs between February 2020 and February 2021 in different sectors. Crisis indeed looms large across the business world. The second wave of the pandemic hit the country hard recently and attempted its worst to rage the economy to the ground. How much Indian economy has been able to survive and is trying to pull through is a debatable issue. To know in detail, a society has to depend on media discourse regarding the same. Media's role is to disseminate the information and therefore generating awareness among its viewers and readers. There lies its objectivity. This research article reflects on the role of media in presenting the condition of Indian and India based multinational industries during the lockdown and post lockdown through its different forms of publication. A series of reports based on this issue have been taken from selected globally reputed print and online media and they have been presented here. A review of literature has been carried out to analyse the condition of the Corporate India during the pandemic.

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Pandemic, COVID-19, Industries, India, Media, Lockdown

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Remote sensing is a technique with the help of which information is collected about any object without any physical contact and the phenomenon is analyzed as well. This technique is used in many fields like geography, hydrology, ecology, oceanography, glaciology, geology. In this context, Geographic Information System is a tool that we use to map and analyze specific phenomena on Earth. Remote sensing and GIS techniques enable modern methods of statistical analysis and query to collect major databases and also combine them with maps. GIS technology provides us to different types of data, such as satellite imagery, topographic maps, and demographic data, and to perform spatial analysis to identify patterns and relationships. This information is used to conduct detailed studies of global topics related to the environment and earth sciences, such as land use change, natural resource management, and climate change. In this research paper, we will mainly study in detail about remote sensing techniques and their new modern uses.

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Remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS), Environment and earth sciences, Natural resources climate change

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With the expansion of Internet and technology over the past decade, E-learning has grown exponentially day by day. Cheating in exams has been a widespread phenomenon all over the world regardless of the levels of development. For this reason, traditional fraud detection methods are not successful in preventing fraud. Online testing is an important and important part of e-learning. Students' exams in eLearning are remotely submitted without any monitoring from physical proctors. As a result of being able to easily cheat during e-exams, E-learning universities depend on an examination process in which students take a face-to-face examination in a physical place allocated at the institution premises under supervised conditions, however these conflicts with the concept of distant E-learning environment.

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Sign Face Detection, Face recognition, online test portal, image processing, online exam.

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This research delves into the pivotal role played by the judiciary in safeguarding women's rights in India, particularly concerning criminal laws. Despite legislative measures and policy interventions, women in India continue to face various forms of discrimination and violence. The judiciary, through its interpretative role and enforcement of laws, has emerged as a crucial protector of women's rights. This paper examines landmark cases and legal developments that have shaped the jurisprudence surrounding women's rights, highlighting the challenges and progress made in addressing gender-based violence and discrimination. By analyzing the judiciary's approach to interpreting and applying criminal laws, this research elucidates the evolving landscape of women's rights protection in India.

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Judiciary, Women's Rights, India, Criminal Laws, Gender-Based Violence, Legal Interpretation

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Abstract Packaging plays a important role in shaping consumer perceptions and influencing purchasing decisions. This study delves into the relationship between packaging and consumer buying behavior, aiming to unravel the nuanced roles and effects of packaging attributes on consumer preferences. Employing a mixed-methods approach, this research combines qualitative analyses, with quantitative surveys to comprehensively explore the sophisticated dimensions of packaging's influence. The study investigates various aspects of packaging, including its aesthetic, functional attributes, sustainability considerations, and branding elements, to discern their impact on consumer perceptions and purchasing intentions across diverse product categories. Very careful data analysis and statistical techniques, the research explains the differential effects of packaging features on consumer attitudes and behaviors, Furthermore, this study examines the moderating influence of demographic factors, such as age, gender, and socio-economic status, on the relationship between packaging and consumer behavior, providing precious insights into segment-specific preferences and market dynamics. By integration empirical findings with theoretical frameworks from marketing and consumer psychology, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the worthy of attention of packaging in contemporary consumer markets. Ultimately, the findings of this study offer actionable insights for marketers and packaging designers to optimize their strategies and enhance the effectiveness of packaging in attracted consumers, bring up brand loyalty, and driving sales in an increasingly competitive marketplace.

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Packaging /Consumer behaviour /Purchase Decision /packaging Design /Brand Perception / Buying Behaviour

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Understanding what's happening in traffic scenes is crucial for systems that help control traffic or drive autonomous vehicles. The project focuses on developing an automatic captioning system for traffic images. To do this, we use modern techniques like spotting pedestrians, cars, and recognizing traffic signs. Leveraging computer vision and natural language processing techniques, our system generates descriptive text based on image content and also provides audio. We enhance accessibility by converting these captions into natural-sounding audio descriptions, benefiting visually impaired users. It does this by using special types of computer programs called Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), You Only Look Once (YOLO) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models. Our project aims to automate traffic image annotation, bridging the gap between visual content and textual and audio descriptions.

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Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), You Only Look Once (YOLO), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM).

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The United Nations has established 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in an effort to combat the world's problems facing humanity. Future decision-makers and society stakeholders must value these goals in order for them to be accomplished. Thus, we looked at how significant each of the 17 SDGs was regarded by students in 41 nations that are directly tied to the environmental sector in this study. The SDGs could be divided into three higher-level categories that correspond to the three pillars of sustainability (social, economic, and environmental) based on the examination of these evaluations. In many nations, these three pillars are regarded as having differing degrees of significance. Additionally, we connected these higher-level components' evaluations with indicators unique to each nation, like the Human Development Index. The relationships among the indicators and the higher-level factors revealed that in countries with higher indices, the SDGs are rated as less important compared to in countries with lower indices. These results provide stakeholders with important guidance on how the SDGs should be promoted in their country.

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Sustainable Development, Stakeholders, Pillars Human Development, Indicators,

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The boom of technologies including commercial enterprise technology and monetary technology (FinTech) has caused a large range. Online card transactions every day. Thus, the assault on credit score card fraud has affected card agencies. Merchants and Banks. Therefore, it is crucial to expand mechanisms that aid the security and integrity of credit transactions. In it Research Implementation of a Machine Learning (ML) based totally Platform to Detect Credit Card Fraud Using Diverse Real-World Datasets. European credit card holders are well-known. To address the problem of class inequality, they resampled the dataset with the usage of an artificial approach. Minority Extrapolation Technique (SMOTE). This platform has been evaluated the use of the subsequent device learning methods: Support Vector Machine. (SVM), Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Decision Tree (DT), Spanning Tree (ET). These ML algorithms are blended with Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost) to perform the stepped-forward category. Examples Precision, in mind, precision, Matthew's correlation coefficient (MCC), and location underneath the curve were evaluated. (AUK). The proposed framework generated artificial confidence cardinality of a noticeably skewed fraud dataset to in addition validate the data. The consequences acquired on this study. Test results show that the use of AdaBoost has a tremendous impact Performance of the proposed approach. Additionally, the results acquired the usage of the advanced fashions are better than the prevailing techniques.

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Machine Learning, Strategies, Recognition

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In this solar system the earth is the sole planet which provides life, few unique atmospheric situations are responsible to provide life on earth like rich oxygen, water, atmosphere and a convenient or pleasant surface temperature that is why complex process of evolution took place on earth only. The two planets Mercury and Venus that are situated between sun and earth are not supportive to life. That is why because mercury has no atmosphere while temperature at night may reach to -140 degree Celsius. Data, reports, rationalization, and effects show that temperature change as pollutions is a very important and major issue in today's world. Temperature change is directly concerning and/or several times alternate words used for warming. It's the phrase that's explained as a gradual raise within the mean temperature of the earth's atmosphere and its oceans. This alteration is meant to be evermore modifying the earth's climate. Warming could also be outlined as "The slow heating of the earth's surface, atmosphere moreover as the ocean". Considering all this it is very important to have an awareness regarding climate change among all the general population so as take necessary and corrective actions towards it. Additionally, the study also focuses to find the association between the awareness of climate change with chosen demographic variables.

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Assess, climate change

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Background: Hemodialysis is becoming more common for chronic kidney disease (CKD), a worldwide health issue. This review study examines the complex relationship among nutritional statu.s, illness progression, and treatment results in CKD patients on hemodialysis. Aims and objective: The report discusses CKD patients' dietary issues, including proteinenergy loss, altered metabolism, and micronutrient deficits. Malnutrition in CKD is multidimensional, including inflammation, comorbidities, and dietary limitations, making nutritional evaluation complicated. Methods: The nutritional evaluation of CKD patients on haemodialysis includes anthropometric assessments, biochemical indicators, dietary questionnaires, and imaging. Each method's merits and weaknesses are highlighted to help clinicians and researchers choose accurate and reliable nutritional assessment techniques. Results: Nutritional status affects CKD patients' mortality, morbidity, and quality of life, according to the review. Dietary advice, oral nutritional supplements, and tailored diets are prioritized. Telehealth and tailored diet for CKD patients on haemodialysis are being examined. Discussion: The findings seek to influence future research and clinical practice, improving consequences and quality of life for CKD patients on haemodialysis. Conclusion: In conclusion, this review synthesizes current information on the nutritional evaluation of CKD patients on haemodialysis, highlighting the difficulties and potential of managing this complex patient population's nutrition.

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Chronic kidney disease, Haemodialysis, Malnutrition, Nutritional assessment, Protein consumption

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Urogenital complications are commonly found in patients with long standing diabetes mellitus. In the vast majority of patients, Diabetic neuropathy and/or angiopathy are the etiologies or most marked co-etiologies of micturition or sexual dysfunctions. As the deterioration of bladder retention and emptying as well as the erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction may have severe organic and psychosocial outcome, their existence (often unclear to the patient) should be thoroughly screened for in the routine diabetic clinic. Given hints of existence, thorough evaluation of the impaired organ system is mandatory. A wide range of various treatment modalities is available and can be individually offered following appropriate diagnosis.

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Bladder dysfunction; Cystopathy; Erectile dysfunction; Female sexual dysfunction; Diabetic neuropathy

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The Indian Preamble states that India that is Bharat to be a '' Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic, Republic''. Ever wondered why the word Secular is mentioned in the Preamble? What was the need to mention the word? After all the word secular was inserted in the Indian Constitution in 1976 by the 42nd Amendment Act. Let's ask ourselves what is exactly is secularism? Why is Secularism significant in a nation like India? This research paper strives to understand the idea and the notion of Secularism and its successes and challenges! Besides this research paper attempts to find out the role of the Indian Judiciary when it comes to interpreting Secularism.

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Secularism, Preamble, Uniform Civil Code, Fundamental Rights

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Prof.N.Subbureddiar was a Tamil scholar and pioneer writer of Tamil travel writings. N. Subbureddiar was born in a simple agricultural family and lived in small village at, Peroor. He has completed his primary school to college studies and is a Professor and has written books on Tamil literature and religion. He has written more than 50 general articles based on his field studies, explaining the Shiva sites and each sculpture in detail through articles. And also wrote prose pieces for the first five classes. He has written many books and scientific poems. He established the Department of Tamil in 1960.

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9600565509

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Healthcare fraud is a significant problem that results in substantial financial losses and compromises patient care. This paper presents a comprehensive review of machine learning techniques for detecting healthcare fraud. The study focuses on the application of IEEE standards in the development and evaluation of fraud detection models. Various algorithms and methodologies are discussed, along with their advantages and limitations. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of machine learning in identifying fraudulent activities in healthcare systems.

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Healthcare fraud, Machine learning, Fraud detection, Data analytics.

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Teaching competency can be a key to evaluating the teachers' performance. These competencies can impact the whole teaching-learning process. Objective: 1) To study the teaching competency of secondary school teachers. 2) To study the teaching competency of secondary school teachers in the context of gender and area. The Research Area for the study is Educational Psychology. Secondary School Teachers of Cuttack of Odisha were the population of the study. Selection of School was by Simple Random Technique and the selection of teachers was by cluster method. The sample size was 93 teachers. "Survey Method" was selected for study. The General teaching competency scale developed and standardized by Passi N. Lalitha was used for Data Collection. t-test was applied for hypotheses testing. Findings: Most teachers, with 59.14% being classified as "Extremely Low," are male (84.09%) and female (36.73%), with no male teachers in the "High," "Above Average," or "Average" categories. Urban teachers make up 8.70%, 10.87%, and 10.87%, respectively. Urban teachers have a more equitable distribution in the "Below Average" and "Low" categories. Male teachers are better than female teachers in terms of teaching competencies, and urban teachers outperform rural ones in terms of these competencies.

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Teacher Competency, Secondary Schools, Gender, Area

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Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence (AI) and computer science. The Primary causes of decreased agriculture production quality and quantity are plant disease. As plant Structure and cultivation method evolve, new disease continue to emerge on plant leaves. Accurately classify and detecting plant leaf disease in their early stage restrict infection spread and promotes the healthy growth of plant production . Detecting plant disease manually is a time consuming and error-prone process. It can be an unreadable method of identifying and preventing the spread of plant disease . The review resolve around two main axes :1. Plant leaf disease detection and classification. 2. AgriRobo Suggested disinfectant and automatically spraying for that plant leaf disease, spraying for that plant leaf disease. Smart Agriculture to produce good crops quality and quantity without harming the healthy plant. A deep CNN(Convloution Neural Network ) model capture the deep feature while LBP (Local Binary Pattern ) effectively extract the local texture information , YOLO algorithm divides an image into the grid system and in that each grid detect object within itself. This review paper explore the recent advancement and methodologies employed in this area, focusing on key techniques, challenge and emerging trends. Various image processing algorithm including Deep Convolution Neural Network (DCNNs) and deep learning architectures, are discussed for their efficiency in automating in automating plant leaves disease detection and classification.

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Machine Learning, Plant leaf disease detec- tion, Classification, AgriRobo, Disinfectant, You Only Look Once(YOLO), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Local Binary Pattern (LBP), Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN), Deep Learning

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