Volume 12 | Issue 4

 Abstract

Project management is the art of directing and coordinating human and material resources throughout the life of a project by using modern management techniques to achieve predetermined objectives of scope, cost, time and quality and participants satisfaction. The construction industry is usually very large, complex and different from other industries. The industry needs much investment and involves various types of participants. One of the most common activities in the management is planning. Creating the project plan is the first thing you should do when undertaking any kind of project.However, many people fail to realize the value of a plan in saving time, money, and many problems. The project management techniques of planning and scheduling are tools and devices, which are used to compute the project.

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Primavera

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Due to its reliance on digital infrastructure for daily life, trade, and governance, India, like many other nations, is having to deal with an increase in cybercrime threats. These dangers are exacerbated by the economy's rapid expansion, rapid digitalization, and weak infrastructure. While there is a rapid growth in smartphone usage and internet penetration, there is also an expansion in the attack surface for hackers. Economic expansion has resulted in a rise in digital banking services, e-commerce, and online transactions, giving hackers new targets to attack: people, companies, and financial institutions. India still has weaknesses in its digital infrastructure, such as out-of-date systems, insufficient cybersecurity safeguards, and a shortage of qualified cybersecurity experts. The methods used by cybercriminals are evolving, and they are now using sophisticated strategies including malware assaults, phishing, ransomware, and social engineering. New security issues brought forth by emerging technologies like blockchain, internet of things (IoT), and AI leave them open to abuse by hackers. Cyberwarfare and cyberespionage are made more likely by geopolitical conflicts with neighbouring nations. Governmental organizations, defence installations, and vital infrastructure are possible targets for state-sponsored hackers looking to get information or interfere with operations. India's cybersecurity regulations are difficult to police and comply with, and to properly handle new threats, ongoing amendments to the current legislation are required. Stakeholders must cooperate to fortify cybersecurity infrastructure, improve public awareness and education, engage with foreign partners, impose strict rules, cultivate a workforce with the necessary skills, and promote to lessen these dangers.

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Cybercrime, Cyber-Security, Blockchain

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Efficient supply chains play a key role in ensuring the smooth flow of goods and services. However, disruptions in the supply chain often result in delivery delays that cause significant financial losses and operational problems for companies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of supply chain disruptions on delivery delays in various industries. Through an extensive literature review, case studies, surveys and interviews with supply chain professionals, this study identifies the most common disruptions and their impact on delivery schedules. In addition, the study evaluates existing mitigation strategies and makes recommendations to improve supply chain sustainability. By understanding the complexity of supply chain disruptions and their impact on delivery schedules, this study aims to provide valuable information to practitioners, policy makers and researchers seeking to mitigate the impact of disruptions and improve supply chain performance.

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Shipment delays, Logistics disruptions, Operational impact

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Abstract The study compares India and the EU's ESG disclosure systems' effectiveness, scope, and international standards. The 2011 National Voluntary Guidelines (NVGs) and SEBI's 2023 Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reporting (BRSR) framework have shaped ESG reporting in India. For the top 1,000 listed corporations, BRSR prioritizes ESG disclosure based on GRI and SDG standards.ESG reporting and sustainable finance laws are driven by the EU. The SFDR, EU Taxonomy Regulation, and CSRD establish comprehensive ESG disclosure criteria for financial market participants and big businesses. ESG data must be transparent and comparable in the EU through reporting, protocols, and enforcement. This comparison examines India and EU ESG disclosure laws, breadth, reporting, standards, and enforcement. GRI and other international standards are implemented, but regulations, enforcement, and reporting vary. The study highlights linking ESG reporting frameworks to global best practises to increase company sustainability transparency, accountability, and stakeholder confidence. India should adopt mandatory disclosure requirements like the EU's CSRD to improve ESG reporting transparency and comparability.

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Keywords: Environment, Governance, Social, Disclosure, Framework

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Microparticles, Phyllanthus Amarus , Sustained release, Coacervation phase separation method.

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The hemicyanin which has been found as very strong antibacterial activity. Hemicyanin acts as non-specific immune protein and acquies stronger antibacterial activity after glycosylation. The glycosylation of arthropod hemicyanin has been identified in Haliotis tuberculate.The diversity in glycan content and type of glycosylation of hemicyanin contribute to its functional properties and diversity These modification after the glycosylation of hemicyanin are also involved in pathogens recognition and bacterial invasion. The degree of glycosylation of hemicyanin subunits is largely affected by and depends on the presence of pathogens Glycosylation plays an important role in infectious diseases. Many important interactions between pathogens and hosts involve their carbohydrate structures (glycans). Glycan interactions can mediate adhesion, recognition, invasion, and immune evasion of pathogens. In recent years changes in many protein N/O-linked glycosylation have been identified as biomarkers for the development of infectious diseases and cancers. The principal findings and the roles of glycosylation of both pathogens and host cells in the context of human important infectious diseases. Understanding the role and mechanism of glycan-lectin interaction between pathogens and host cell which may create a new paradigm for discovering novel glycan-based hemicyanine therapies that can lead to functional cure of pathogens infection

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Glycosylation of hemicyanines an overview

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Abstract: The study aims to evaluate the performance of digital payment platforms, including multiple methods such as debit/credit cards, online banking, mobile wallets, digital payment applications number, and Unified Payment Services Interface (UPI). UPI, a pioneering system that brings together various banking features, money routing, and carrier billing seamlessly in a single mobile application across participating banks, offers customers flexibility for convenient transactions, anytime, anywhere. By leveraging the peer-to-peer request collection mechanism, users can schedule and execute payments according to their requests, making money transfers as simple as sending a text message on a mobile device. This study aims to gain insight into the functional efficiency of UPI applications, privacy understanding, limitations and user satisfaction, shedding light on the service quality provided by the platform, UPI payments offered to the people of Bengaluru.

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Electronic payment, Digitalization, Privacy issues, Unified Payment Interface

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This financial analysis focuses on the balance sheet of Bicelli Geco Hydraulics, examining its financial health and stability. By analyzing key components such as assets, liabilities, and equity, this study aims to provide insights into the company's overall financial position and its ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations. Through a detailed examination of Bicelli Geco Hydraulics' balance sheet, this analysis seeks to identify strengths, weaknesses, and potential areas of concern, offering valuable information for stakeholders, investors, and decision-makers.

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statement analysis, ratio analysis and interpretation

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A Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack is an endeavor to render a service inaccessible by inundating the server with malevolent traffic. DDoS attacks have emerged as one of the most formidable and burdensome challenges in recent times. Both the frequency and scale of these attacks have escalated from mere megabytes to hundreds of terabytes of data today. Detecting these attacks effectively has become increasingly challenging due to variations in attack patterns and the emergence of new attack types. In this study, we propose novel techniques for executing DDoS attacks and for their mitigation, demonstrating significant improvements over existing methods. Additionally, we classify DDoS attack techniques and the methodologies employed in their detection, providing a comprehensive overview of the DDoS issue. Furthermore, we conduct a comparative analysis of our attack module with several available tools.

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DDOS Attack, Support Vector Machine algorithm, Random forest algorithm

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Sonochemistry employs safer substances and eco-friendly solvents, enhances reaction conditions and precision, avoids generating harmful sludge, reduces energy consumption for chemical processes, thereby significantly contributing to environmentally conscious research and material sustainability. Ultrasound is a sophisticated method applied in water and wastewater treatment, effectively tackling pollution from persistent materials through oxidation and aiding in sludge management. Pre-treatment technologies in wastewater treatment plants facilitate biogas production. Moreover, the environmentally friendly approach of sonochemical nanoparticle synthesis has recently gained considerable attention. This study explores the principal applications of ultrasonography in environmental conservation and remediation.

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Ultrasound, Sonication, Catalysis, Sludge, Solvent.

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In recent days, image processing plays a major role all over the world. Image segmentation is one of the most important steps in image processing. An image consists of many pixels and the purpose of a pixel is used to transmit the intensity information. Segmentation is used to partition an image for marking pixel as foreground pixels or background pixels. It helps to enhance the area for analysis more visible can be achieved for both grayscale images and colored images. This paper deals with the detailed survey of various image segmentation techniques for number plate detection. Number plate detection can be used in various things such as for controlling the speed and traffic, stolen cars identification, near toll gates, security application, parking system etc. A lot of researches have been done on this area and it is useful for creating better secured, efficient monitoring system.

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Segmentation, Thresholding, Region based, Cluster based, license plate

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???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??, ?? 1500-800 ?.??. ?? ???? ??? 800-600 ?.??. ?? ???? ?? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?.??. ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?????????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? - ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???????????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??, ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??, ???? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??, ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???, ???????, ???????, ???, ???????, ?????, ?????, ????????, ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???, ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????, ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????-????, ??????-???????, ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???????

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????? ???? , ?????? ????, ????-???? , ??????-???????, ?????????? ???? , ??????? ???????

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In many African countries, it is customary to deprive women of the same educational opportunities as males, hence keeping them from achieving parity. The present investigation centres on Buchi Emecheta's handling of the practical function of education for African women, as portrayed fictionally in her book Second Class Citizen (1974). The protagonist of the story is seen in the paper fighting against patriarchal, racial, and cultural repressive factors that deny African women the opportunity to receive a quality education. The research traces Adah's educational path and sheds light on how education may empower African women both academically and economically. Additionally, education is crucial to freeing African women from tyranny and servitude. With education, Adah realises her dreams of being a successful mother and a budding writer.

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Liberation, empowerment, female education

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This research explores the integration of Augmented Reality (AR) into education, utilizing the Unity game development engine, with a focus on assessing its impact on student engagement and learning outcomes. Leveraging Unity's versatile capabilities, the study involves the development of educational AR content, encompassing 3D models and simulations, to create immersive and interactive learning environments. The research methodology encompasses the entire lifecycle of AR development within Unity, with a specific emphasis on design considerations, such as pedagogical alignment and user experience. Preliminary findings suggest a positive correlation between AR-enhanced learning environments and heightened student engagement and knowledge retention. Furthermore, the study addresses practical considerations for integrating AR into existing educational frameworks, discussing issues of accessibility, scalability, and adaptability across various subjects and educational levels. Challenges, including technological barriers and the need for specialized educator training, are also examined, providing insights into potential obstacles and solutions. In conclusion, this research contributes valuable insights into the transformative potential of AR in education, offering practical recommendations for educators, instructional designers, and developers. It underscores the importance of aligning AR experiences with educational objectives and ensuring user-friendly interfaces to maximize the impact of AR on the learning journey. The study identifies areas for future research, acknowledging the evolving nature of AR technology and its continuous potential to innovate and elevate educational practices. Overall, this research serves as a foundation for further exploration and implementation of AR in diverse educational contexts, emphasizing its role as a powerful tool in enhancing the educational experience.

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Augmented Realities

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This research explores the complex world of pharmaceutical supply chains, where uncertainty is common and risk management is essential to determining performance results. This research aims to identify the critical factors and mechanisms that affect the resilience and effectiveness of supply chains in providing patients with life-saving medications worldwide. It does this by analysing the effects of supply chain uncertainties and risk management practices on the performance of the pharmaceutical industries. Our goal is to equip pharmaceutical companies with practical insights and strategies to effectively navigate their complex supply chains and improve their capacity to meet the changing needs of patients and healthcare providers through thorough analysis.

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Pharmaceutical Supply chain Resilience, Uncertainty, Risk Management.

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Induction motor (IM) energy efficiency is critical in the contemporary environment for reasons like cost savings and energy conservation. This paper completes the implementation of the induction motor's safe speed regulation. When a speed is exceeded, the motor is tripped by the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) in accordance with safety regulations. Three phase IM is controlled by a PLC using a Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) Software and drive data accessibility facilitate information processing, manipulation, and analysis. Within the field of Electrical Engineering, one of the primary areas of interest is the control of Induction Motors (IMs) by use of sophisticated technologies, such as the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) S7-1200 PLCs--more especially, the Siemens S7-1200 model--provide an accurate and effective way to control IMs in industrial environments. Organisations can improve the efficiency, dependability, and performance of their motor control systems by utilising PLCs. the application of Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) S7-1200 for the safe speed regulation of induction motors. The study highlights the financial advantages of energy conservation as well as the significance of energy efficiency in the current environment. The goal of the project is to effectively monitor and operate three-phase induction motors using PLCs and Variable Frequency Drives (VFD).The PLC S7-1200 is one example of an advanced technology that may be integrated to provide precise control over industrial motor systems, improving reliability and performance. The goal of the research is to optimise the use of energy in industries by using novel motor control system techniques.

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Induction motor (IM), Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) Speed Control, Variable Frequency Drive (VFD), TIA Portal.

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o effectively monitor the monthly spending, we offer an advanced expense tracker. Our system will assist everyone who plans to be aware of their costs and save. with it. The user will have the option of setting a monthly cap, and our app will alert the user if they go over that cap. Receipts can be entered by the user, and our programme will classify them using artificial intelligence. Here, the user may also create their own categories like food, clothing, rent, and bills, as well as establish upper and lower bounds for each category. Therefore, the overall goal of this research paper is to assist readers in viewing and analysing their overall spending behaviour by creating a code that can assess all of the user's purchases simply by scanning their receipts.

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iot

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of sustainable human resource management (HRM) on organizational performance by analyzing the ability, motivation, and opportunity (AMO) theory's theoretical background and reviewing relevant literature. This literature examined the relationship between sustainable HRM as the independent variable and organizational performance as the dependent variable, including data from the years 2011 to October 2023. The study measured organizational performance using employee performance, workplace behavior, organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and six green HRM practices as indicators of sustainable HRM. This study found that workplace behavior, employee performance, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment were positively correlated with sustainable HRM strategies. The present study highlights the need to integrate sustainable practices into HR strategies inside organizations to improve overall productivity and promote business expansion. However, further investigation is required in this developing subject to gain a better understanding of its potential benefits and challenges.

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Sustainable HRM, Green HRM, Organizational performance, Environmental performance

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This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the interplay between brand visibility, consumer trust, and conversion rates in the context of modern marketing. Brand visibility refers to the extent to which a brand is recognized and remembered by consumers in various channels and touchpoints. Consumer trust is the foundation of successful relationships between brands and consumers, influencing their purchasing decisions and loyalty. Conversion rates measure the effectiveness of marketing efforts in converting potential customers into actual buyers.

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"COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF BRAND VISIBILITY,CONSUMER TRUST,AND CONVERSION RATES"

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Gender roles and expectations are rapidly changing scenario in India since mid 19th century. During the Pre industrialization period gender roles were handled out differently as compared to the on going era. Male dominated society existed in all the parts of India. Ladies were treated as burden and men were favored in the society. This scenario changed by the end of start of the 20th century through rapid transformations by the government. This article talks about the changes bought between the time period mentioned and what is the difference between the two. Different sources are used in order to compare the state of women in the society. The study of reforms has made it able to understand the improvements made in the society. The research tries to make new improvements with respect to the upliftment of women in the society that can help us to make the state of women better in the society.

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Women empowerment , women remarriage , Sati pratha.

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