Volume 12 | Issue 4

 Abstract

Epilepsy is a brain disease characterized by recurrent seizures caused by paroxysmal neuronal discharge. It is estimated that one in 10 people will experience epilepsy at some point in their life. Symptoms of epilepsy include loss of consciousness, convulsions and falls. However, most epilepsy patients do not receive appropriate treatment. Seizures can damage the brain, causing cell death and many other physiological changes. As a result, there has been growing interest in the use of natural herbs as alternative or adjunct therapies for epilepsy. Several natural herbs have been studied for their potential antiepileptic effects, including 24 herbal plants in this overview such as Zingiber officinale, Ficus platyphylla, Passiflora incarnata, Desmodium triflorum, Viscum album, Berberis integerrima, Gladiolus dalenii, Marsilea quadrifolia, Lobelia nicotianaefolia, Mussaenda philippica, Lavandula stoechas, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Annona senegalenesis, Biophytum sensitivum, Plectranthus barbatus, Aegle marmelos, Nepeta bractaeta, Milicia excela, Zizyphus jujuba, Valeriana officinalis, Phytol, Anethum Graveolens, Caesalpinia Bonducella, Annona squamosa has been studied for its anticonvulsant effects. These herbs have shown potential in reducing seizure severity and protecting against seizures induced by different convulsant agents. Overall, antiepileptic effect herbal drugs have the potential to provide additional therapeutic options for individuals with epilepsy. However, further research is needed to establish their safety and efficacy and to determine their role in the management of epilepsy.

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 Keywords

Epilepsy, neuronal discharge, seizures, natural herbs, antiepileptic effects

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Obesity is a convoluted biochemical disorder which has reached uncontrollable proportions globally. Learning about the operations which help cause obesity is crucial to establishing useful prevention and care plans. Animal models are of major assistance in analyses of obesity, permitting the observation of genetic, ecological and physiological variables that assume a part in the genesis and growth of such an illness. The contents of this overview are a thorough appraisal of the distinct animal models that are utilized in obesity investigation. Rodents, in particular mice and rats, are the most frequently applied animal models due to their genetic likeness to humans, simple control, and convenience of genetic alteration techniques. Diet-prompted obesity models need animals to be given a high-fat or high-sugar diet with the purpose of producing obesity and metabolic disorders. Genetic models of obesity consist of changing certain genes that are involved in regulating appetite, energy expenditure or fat metabolism. Nonhuman primates can be utilized to provide detailed insight into the pathophysiology of obesity because of their physical similarities to humans, however, their use is restricted mainly by ethical and cost complications. Other animal models, for example, dogs, cats, pigs, and zebrafish, assist in recognizing the comorbidities and genetic cadres linked with obesity. Dogs and cats permit existing obesity-related conditions such as osteoarthritis and cardiovascular disease to be studied. Pigs are ideal for inspecting diabetes and hypertension while zebrafish offer one-of-a-kind advantages for examining the genetic and molecular operations which underlie obesity. This assessment examines the advantages and difficulties with each animal model and demonstrates their positive influence on learning obesity pathogenesis, metabolic disruption. Through a variety of animal models, scientists are getting useful perspectives into the intricate mechanisms behind obesity, leading to novel approaches in handling this pandemic medical problem.

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Obesity, Biochemical disorder, Animal models, Genetic variables, Pathogenesis, Metabolic dysregulation.

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 Abstract

In the present work, aryl-substituted pyrazolones derivative (E)-(5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)(4-hydroxy-4-(prop-1-en-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)methanone (5PPY) have been synthesized by the reaction of Baylis-Hillman acetate with pyrazolones and screened for their in vitro antifungal, antibacterial and antioxidant properties. The molecule shows good in vitro antifungal and antibacterial activities due to the presence of anisole, which enhances the absorption rate by its increased lipid solubility and improves the pharmacological activity. It is also evident from the results obtained from structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies. Insilico studies were conducted on the synthesized molecule, examining its interactions with DNA Gyrase, Lanosterol 14 alpha demethylase, and KEAP1-NRF2 proteins. The results revealed strong binding interactions at specific sites. Further, the photophysical properties of synthesized compounds were theoretical estimated using ab-intio technique. The ground state optimization, dipole moment and HOMO-LUMO energy levels are calculated using DFT-B3LYP-6-31G(d) basis set. Using theoretical estimated HOMO-LUMO value global chemical reactivity descriptors parameters are estimated and result shows synthesised molecule has highly electronegative and electrophilicity index. The results suggest that, anisole substituted pyrazolones derivatives show good photophysical and biological applications.

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Pyrazolones, in-vitro and in-silico biological activity, HOMO-LUMO, MESP

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Indian mythology is a vast tapestry woven from millennia of ancient epics, fables and regional lore, shaping the cultural landscape of the subcontinent. This paper explores the enduring influence of mythical retellings in contemporary India, examining its influence on India's history, its evolution and the contemporary trends present in mythical retellings. It also discusses the role of mythical retellings in reflecting the evolving social and cultural contexts through continuous reinterpretation and the warping and changing of narratives over time due to the natural inclination of the ancient art of oral storytelling. These retold narratives-- passed down the generations through the ancient art of oral storytelling-- serve not only as entertainment but also as moral compasses, philosophical treatises and expressions of societal values.

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mythical retellings, perspective, contemporary, narrative, restructuring, reflection, influence

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The phenomenal growth of online education continues to undergo rapid transformation, platforms that provide dynamic and interactive solutions will be extremely popular among students and educators alike. The approach guide teacher to create a well-interactive online learning environment and improve the conceptual learning of students. It has two portals, the student learning portal, enables various learning experiences by each student, recorded videos, students can download their classes and rewatch recordings, they can also have access to course materials and interactive quizzes, moreover, submit assignments and track their progress in assigned classes. The instructor portal, capable of arranging classes, creating a variety of tasks and effectively grading student assignment. It allows instructors to upload lecture materials and recorded videos. The integration of virtual leaning can improve individualized learning, increase understanding capacity and enhance the learning experience for students and insights for educators to provide targeted support and guidance. E-Learning offers students a safe learning environment, engaging platforms, and most importantly a quality education.

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Online Education, Virtual Classroom, Course Management, Assignment Submission, Interactive Learning.

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The main goal of the proposed system is to establish an online platform that will allow farmers from Indian cities to sell their products directly to clients without the use of intermediaries or agents. For better and more transparent sales, a computerized system is used. There are numerous product variations, and users may browse all of the different product types along with their prices. The supply and demand are both coming via the smartphone app, and in the middle, we have very advanced technology that helps us match the supply and demand and complete the entire end-to-end transaction. The three basic values are Empowering farmers (Bringing market on farmers mobile devices), Transparency (Offering transparent pricing to farmers and customers) and Accountability (For best prices, best quality and timely delivery). This system helps farmers to ensure maximum profitability by using direct relationship between farmer to customer. It allows better communication or relationship between farmers and customers.

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Web application, Agriculture marketing, Farmers Profit, Direct marketing.

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For numerous centuries, the use of plants as medicine has been prevalent in various civilizations. Although slight differences occur, plants have persisted as a ready source of basic medical care. The medicinal properties of healing plants have been documented in classical texts such as the Vedas and the Bible. These plants boast a myriad of bioactivities which can be utilized to prevent and cure many diseases. This traditional wisdom about the usefulness of plants has been passed down orally, from generation to generation, throughout all the diverse divisions of humanity. To ensure their sustainable consumption and rescue them from extinction, a clear record of their potency is essential. This review seeks to summarize the characteristics of two plants, Althea officinalis and Thespesia populnea, which are especially important in providing curative treatment.

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Bioactivities, Medicinal properties, Thespesia populnea, Althea Officinalis, Phytochemical constituents, Ayurvedic medicine.

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ABSTRACT Vehicle detection and Tracking are gaining importance in traffic management and transportation. However, due to the various types of vehicles, detection remains a difficulty, which directly impacts the accuracy of vehicle. This project introduces a Multiple Objective Vehicle Detection and Tracking using the YOLO Framework. YOLO (You Only Look Once) is a popular object detection algorithm that has revolutionized the field of computer vision. It is fast and efficient, making it an excellent choice for real-time object detection tasks. Object detection is a computer vision task that uses deep learning techniques to detect objects in images and videos. It is a valuable tool for object detection tasks, YOLO is able to detect multiple objects in a single image, while many other CNN-based algorithms can only detect one object at a time. This makes YOLO ideal for real world applications such as self-driving cars and video surveillance. Hence ,It reduces the false detection rate (i.e. Accuracy) of vehicle targets caused by occlusion, an improved method of vehicle detection in different traffic scenarios based on an improved YOLOv8 network is proposed

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Keywords--Yolov3,Yolov5,Yolov8,Video Mp4

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Whether in a developed or developing country, traffic congestion has been getting worse over the years and is a clear there at to the quality of urban life. This research assesses problems related to traffic flow on urban roads at intersections. In urban areas such as Wagholi,Pune where traffic congestion is a common occurrence and causes delays, frequent disruption in traffic flow, time loss, increased fuel consumption. The Wageshwar temple and Kesnand phata due to the significant rise in motor vehicles, Roads are to blame for traffic issues like a accident, jams, delays etc. particularly at intersections. The traffic survey at the particular intersection is the methodology used to archive stated goal of relieving congestion and promoting smooth traffic flow. It is needed to develop road infrastructure and redesign the traffic signal system. A particularly challenging issue in developing countries like India , is the collection of traffic data. In general, developing countries do not often have well established infrastructure such as installation of small traffic signals, they lack new road construction and public transportation, etc. One of Punes main transportation issues is traffic congestion. Poor traffic management might lead to accidents because of traffic bottlenecks. Pune is a developed, heavily inhabited city, as we all know. However, Pune has certain fundamental traffic issues that require immediate attention and resolution in order to sustain the citys real progress in terms of fundamental development. In a city like Pune, the traffic issue gets worse every day. We hear adjectives like nasty, chaotic, dangerous, notorious, etc. whenever we discuss Punes traffic. One person dies every day, or ten to fifteen per week, which is an extremely high death rate. Because of the citys incredibly disorganized and careless traffic, which lacks any feeling of traffic. Accident on due to unawareness of rule and regulation of road network.

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Traffic management

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This abstract delves into the symbiotic relationship between science fact and the imaginative realms of science fiction and fantasy. It elucidates how science fiction authors draw inspiration from actual scientific advancements to craft speculative narratives about the future, unbound by the constraints of reality. Conversely, scientists find fertile ground in the imaginative landscapes of fiction, albeit grounded by the laws of nature governing our universe. This dynamic interplay between imagination and reality is characterized by a constant exchange of ideas, with each realm influencing and enriching the other. Science fiction serves as a conduit for exploring the potential trajectories of scientific progress and its societal ramifications. Authors extrapolate from current scientific knowledge to envision plausible futures, offering glimpses into the possibilities and pitfalls of technological advancement. While these narratives may stretch the bounds of reality, they often reflect deeper societal anxieties, aspirations, and ethical dilemmas associated with scientific innovation. Conversely, scientists find inspiration in the speculative worlds of fiction, leveraging imaginative concepts to fuel their research endeavours. Although inventions from fictional realms rarely materialize in the exact form imagined, they catalyse scientific inquiry by challenging conventional thinking and prompting exploration into uncharted territories. Through a nuanced examination of this interplay, this abstract illuminates the intricate dance between fact and fiction, highlighting how both realms mutually inform and shape our understanding of the universe. By embracing the synergy between imagination and empirical inquiry, we foster a richer appreciation for the boundless possibilities inherent in the intersection of science and storytelling.

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Science Fiction, Philosophy, Literature, Fantasy

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Introduction: - Aedes aegypti is most common causative agent of Dengue fever. Dengue is a mosquito borne viral disease occurring in tropical and subtropical areas. Dengue fever is most important arboviral infection which takes place in human being. The main aim of this research work is to detect breeding habitat and diversity of Aedes aegypti in urban area of Hanumangarh Rajasthan. Methodology: - The adult Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were collected through different size of aspirators from various breeding habitat while larval stages collected and identified in laboratory. Result: - A total of 750 containers were studied from outdoor and indoor sites of 8 breeding habitats. Most of the Aedes aegypti were found form the outdoor breeding sites as compared to indoor one. The most common breeding sites for Aedes aegypti was containers in Plastic Drum, Mud pot, Tyres, House hold, Bird water point, Stagnant water, Cattles water point and Pipe leakage etc. Conclusion: - These studies indicates that the Aedes aegypti has adapted to breed in clean and clear water (tap and/or rain water).

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Aedes aegypti, breeding site, arboviral, dengue

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hypergly cemia and abnormalities in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism Diabetes mellitus, often known simply as diabetes, is a group of common endocrine diseases characterized by sustained high blood sugar levels. Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin, or the cells of the body becoming unresponsive to the hormone's effects. Classic symptoms include thirst, polyuria, weight loss, and blurred vision. If left untreated, the disease can lead to various health complications, including disorders of the cardiovascular system, eye, kidney, and nerves. Untreated or poorly treated diabetes accounts for approximately 1.5 million deaths every year. The major types of diabetes are type 1 and type 2, though other forms also exist. The most common treatment for type 1 is insulin replacement therapy (insulin injections), while anti-diabetic medications (such as metformin and semaglutide) and lifestyle modifications can be used to manage type 2. Gestational diabetes, a form that arises during pregnancy in some women, normally resolves shortly after delivery.

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Diabetes mellitus,metabolism,disease,injections,disrsorders.

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The concept of Will is to be disseminated among the public to make them aware, and responsible for their loved ones. A well-drafted Will can save years of court proceedings or bitterness among members of the same family. It is the duty of each person who has even a little property, even if it was received as a gift, to name the person who will inherit it after he/she passes away.

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Will, Inheritance, Inheritance laws, Hindu law, Muslim law

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During emergency situations, the availability of blood becomes critical for saving lives. A blood bank plays a crucial role in collecting blood from diverse donors, managing the blood group database, and supplying the necessary blood to hospitals in times of urgency. The challenge is not the scarcity of donors but rather finding a willing donor promptly. Our objective is to establish a network of individuals who can assist each other during crises. This application facilitates regular updates of donor information, and the administrator has full access to the blood bank administration system. Donors are requested to provide personal information such as their name, phone number, and blood group[

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Blood bank, Android, Blood transfusion, Database, Donors, Acceptors, Administrator, Geographic information System

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This study investigates the existence of a relationship between social support, self-esteem and sleep quality. This study also explores if the nature of this relationship is positive or negative. This research uses random sampling technique via surveys distributed to the sample size in person. The sample size consists of 173 individuals. The age of the participants ranges from 18 - 28 years old (M=21.46, SD=2.24). The sample size consisted of 133 females and 40 males. In order to measure these variables that consist of social support, self-esteem and sleep quality the tools used were Multidimensional scale of perceived social support, Rosenberg self esteem scale and Pittsburgh sleep quality index were used. The findings revealed that there is a negative correlation between quality of sleep and social support as well as a negative correlation between quality of sleep and self-esteem. However, there is a positive correlation between social support and self-esteem. This means that quality of sleep does not have a positive effect on social support and self-esteem.

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Social Support, Self Esteem, Quality of sleep

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The COVID-19 pandemic dominated news coverage in 2020 and had a big impact. Nevertheless, despite these difficulties, scientists made history by being the first to meld biology and robotics to create the first living, organic robot. These little things, made completely of living and breathing organisms which are amazing machines that signify a new level of technical advancement. In fact, a xenobot makeup distinguishes it from other types of robots. As an innovative step forward in robotics, it is entirely constructed from organic cellular matter, unlike conventional robots made of synthetic materials like plastic or metal. In fact, xenobots exhibit a variety of locomotion, including quick motions and spins. Their capacity for self-correction--like insects that can roll over and land back on their feet--showed.

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Xenopuslaevis, Supercomputers Modelling, Genetic algorithm, Bioengineering, Evolutionary AI

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The Face masks have become an essential tool to prevent the spread of COVID-19. However, not everyone wears them properly or consistently. Therefore, there is a need for an automated system that can detect and monitor face mask usage in public places. In this project, we propose a face mask detector that uses OpenCV, Keras /TensorFlow, and deep learning to perform face detection and face mask classification. Our system consists of two main components: a face detector and a face mask classifier. The face detector can locate faces in a live stream using a convolutional neural network (CNN) with an accuracy of 0.99. The face mask classifier is based on the MobileNetV2 model, which can classify faces into two categories: with mask or without mask, using another CNN. We train and test our models on a dataset of 3833 images of people wearing and not wearing face masks. We evaluate our system on various metrics, such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. We also compare our system with other existing face mask detectors and show that our system achieves better performance. Our system can be deployed on various platforms, such as web applications, mobile devices, or CCTV cameras, to enforce face mask compliance and reduce the risk of COVID-19 transmission.

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OpenCV, Keras /TensorFlow, deep learning, face detection, face mask classification, Convolutional Neural Network, MobileNetV2, COVID-19, Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1-score.

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The investigator has tried to explore the effect of cooperative learning on Achievement of students in science at Elementary level in this paper. The hypothesis was that a significant difference existed between the mean post test scores for Science achievement of the experimental and control groups. Non -randomized pretest posttest control group design was chosen for experiment. It was conducted on fifty students as sample size from Balasore district of Odisha, of whom twenty-five students belonged to the experimental group and twenty-five students to the controls group. One instructional tool in the form of lesson planning in jigsaw cooperative strategy and measuring tool in the form of teacher made test were developed. The experimental group was taught through the Jigsaw cooperative learning method, while the controlled group has been taught in a traditional way. Finding of the study indicated that there exists significant difference achievement in science between experimental group and control group.

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Cooperative Learning, Academic achievement, Science

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An old method of keeping records of dairy members using pen and paper is not reliable as finding old data can take a long time. The Dairy Product Management System provides dairy owners an easy way to organize the data of dairy members in one place through a web application. Through the dairy product management system, the dairy owner can keep records of dairy products like milk, ghee, curd, paneer etc. and the same will be created to the user's account so that both the owner and the user can keep track of past records. Also, the dairy owner gets a few more options in a dashboard. Only the owner can verify the user's account after the user registers in the system. With this, the owner can keep track of daily total collection, total revenue, total expenses, collections between two dates. Both the user and the owner can receive receipts from their account for milk related contributions and collection related transactions respectively.

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Dairy, Dairy Product Distribution, Transactions

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Soils naturally contain many nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium.[1] These nutrients allow plants to grow. When soil nutrients are missing or in short supply, plants suffer from nutrient deficiency and stop growing. When the nutrient level is too low, the plant cannot function properly and produce the food necessary to feed the world's population In India many farmers are still using the traditional methods for agricultural fields. These traditional methods can be replaced using the current technology. In rural agricultural regions, where farming practices often form the backbone of the community's livelihood, there is a critical need for an IoT-based soil monitoring system that addresses the unique challenges faced by farmers. This system must empower rural farmers with access to technology that can enhance their productivity, sustainability, and economic well-being This research presents a groundbreaking approach to precision agriculture through the development and integration of an advanced agricultural sensor hub. [2] The device incorporates NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium), moisture, and DHT-11 sensors, synergized by a microcontroller and IoT connectivity. The NPK sensor enables precise monitoring of soil nutrients, while the moisture sensor ensures optimal irrigation management. The DHT-11 sensor captures environmental data crucial for understanding climatic conditions affecting crop growth. An IoT module facilitates real-time data transmission, enabling remote monitoring through a user-friendly web interface. This integrated system empowers farmers with timely insights for informed decision-making, promoting sustainable farming practices. The comprehensive circuit diagram and experimental setup are detailed in the methodology.

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Precision Agriculture, Agricultural Sensor Hub, NPK Sensor, Moisture Sensor, DHT-11 Sensor, IoT Connectivity, Microcontroller, Sustainable Farming, Real-time Monitoring.

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