Volume 5 | Issue 4

 Abstract

In the West Coast of Maharashtra, India's Savitri Estuary, a thorough investigation of intertidal foraminifera was conducted. This study examines benthic foraminiferal assemblages at five localities from the Savitri Estuary, documenting their diversity and abundance in subsurface sediments. These samples revealed 32 species. Only Agglutinated foraminifera have been found in mangrove sediments. Faunal diversity in the Savitri Estuary's foraminiferal assemblage is extremely low.

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Benthic foraminifera, Mangrove, Savitri Estuary, Subsurface sediments, TMN

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The above quoted lines are from the Atharva Veda's (Bhoomi Sukta-12.1) hymn to Prithvi, the goddess Earth. In this particular hymn, the goddess Earth (Prithvi) is honored as a nurturing and sustaining force for all life. The prayer typically asks for her continued support in providing nourishment, protection, and stability to the natural world and all its inhabitants. The hymn often includes requests for her blessings in the form of fertility, stability, and protection for all living beings. This reverence for the Earth reflects "an ancient understanding of the inter-connectedness between humans and nature, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a respectful and nurturing relationship with the environment".

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Positive Footprint

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Davanagere District is a vital region in Karnataka, blending economic development with cultural richness. Its strategic location, educational institutions, agricultural and industrial activities, and vibrant cultural life make it an important center in the state. The district's historical significance and modern growth contribute to its unique character and importance in the region. Religious centers serve a multitude of important functions in communities, providing both spiritual and practical benefits. Here's an overview of the key reasons why religious centers are needed: Religious centers offer spaces for communal worship, rituals, and ceremonies, allowing individuals to express their spirituality and practice their faith in a structured environment. Spiritual leaders and Pontiffs provide guidance, counselling, and support to individuals seeking answers to existential questions or facing personal challenges .Religious centers foster a sense of community and belonging among their members, helping individuals connect with others who share similar values and beliefs .They often provide emotional and social support through various programs, including counselling services, support groups, and social events, which are crucial during times of personal or communal crises. Many religious centers offer educational programs that teach religious doctrines, ethics, and traditions. This education helps individuals understand and practice their faith more deeply for children and teenagers, such as Sunday schools or youth groups, play a key role in teaching younger generations about their faith and fostering their spiritual development. Religious centers often engage in charitable activities, such as providing food, shelter, and medical care to those in need.

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Religion,mutt,center,spiritial

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The claims made by some environmental ethicists to place nature and restored-natural entities in two domains of moral evaluation has raised many questions by environmental ethicists. Such claim asserts that the dichotomy between nature and artifact leads to some sort of moral dualism where restored-natural entities are not to be evaluated morally at par with natural entities. Eric Katz goes to the extent of considering restored-natural entities as artifacts because of being contaminated and polluted with human intention, design and purposes etc. Due to this restored-natural entities lacks naturalness and their intrinsic values affected. Therefore such entities will have less moral standing or no sufficient moral standing for any moral consideration. But involvement of human design, human intention and purposes do not necessarily create artifact which might lack moral standing because such entities are different from a paradigmatic case of artifact. Following Aristotle's characterization of artifact and natural entities, this paper makes an attempt to show that restored-natural entities are not paradigm case of artifact but natural entities with moral standing. Further, the whole idea of nature-artifact dichotomy is not based on a solid ground as there is no clear demarcation line between nature and artifact. If this paper succeeds in establishing that restored-natural entities continues to be natural, they can possess moral standing and therefore we are obligated to respect them. In this essay an attempt is also made to examine the validity of moral dualism which is rooted in the very nature and validity of such distinction, although it is not the intention of this essay to undermine or reject such dichotomy. This issue is significant from the point of view of environmental ethics which is concern about human relationship with nature or the environment.

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MORAL STANDING OF RESTORED-NATURAL ENTITIES: A CRITICAL EVALUATION

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One of the arguments put forward by the advocates of religious pluralism is that all religions originate from the same source. This is evident in the works of John Hick, Raimondo Panikkar and others. However, the view that all religions will meet together at some point is not widely discussed, and probably not an accepted presupposition. Hence the search for the unity of religions is a dream that can never be fulfilled. However, it will not be an impossibility to inquire theoretically into the possibility of such unity, given the fact that all religions have a goal. Some religions believe in the eternal communion with the Divine as the ultimate goal whereas some aims at self-realization. As a kind of reaction to the pluralist view, the concept of 'unity in diversity' finds a place in the human religious quest the concept which holds that there is a unity of all religions at some level despite their differences in various respects. In this manner it is argued that different religions are different paths for reaching the same goal. Just like different religions are different ways of responding to the revelation, the same can be seen as different ways of arriving at the Source. Hence by unity of religion we understand as the state where different religions come together as one unit. For some people such unity can be attained at the transcendental level where the souls attain their final destiny. The souls unite together in God where plurality is destroyed. We can also understand unity as the coming together of all religions at some stages.

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A Dynamic Unity in Religious Pluralism: A study on Swami Vivekananda

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This study examines the persistence of gender bias and stereotypes in Indian society, particularly among the urban with a rural base. Despite constitutional provisions for gender equality and efforts by social activists and feminists, discrimination against women continues. The study highlights the paradoxical attitude towards women, who are revered as goddesses but also devalued and oppressed. The research focuses on exploring sex stereotypes among scheduled caste adults in a rural setting, using a picture story test. The results show significant differences in the perception of masculine traits between males and females, with males exhibiting more traditional views. The findings suggest that gender significantly influences the perception of masculine traits, and that males have a greater traditionality for masculine stereotypes. The study emphasizes the need for community mobilization and awareness programs to change the cultural script pertaining to gender and promote gender equality.

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Gender bias, Sex stereotypes, Patriarchy, Gender equality, Rural India

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In the history of mankind after the 'Wheel', ' Internet' is the powerful invention which has travelled distances technologically. Internet plays a vital role in transforming the ways of learning, teaching and communicating. Social media is increasingly becoming popular as the platform is open for exchange of thoughts and ideas through various modes like tweets, posts, blogs etc. The only restriction here is the number, the number of words and characters used, which of course curtails creativity. The emergence of a new English dialect called 'Text-English' has come to the rescue of those creative people who cannot restrict their ideas to limited words. The popularity of social media exchanges signify that technology users have accepted this quick social media interactions as a new way of life and have also adjusted their writing to match the content restrictions. According to Educators and Old School Learners the new Text-English is infiltrating the Standard English by blurring the distinction between formal and informal writing. The phenomenal popularity of short- short stories which fit in tweets and texts are an example of how adversity can be turned into an opportunity. However, there are concerns regarding the usage of digital language in literature which is severing the characteristics elements of the standard language in order to comply with the restrictions. This paper tries to bring out the impact of Social Media on the English language.

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Internet, Social Media, short-short stories, Text-English, Internet slang.

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Machine learning (ML) has emerged as a crucial technology in the advancement of medical diagnostics, providing tools for precise, reliable, and efficient disease diagnosis. This review paper examines various studies highlighting the integration of ML in medical diagnostics, focusing on state-of-the-art techniques used in detecting diseases such as Alzheimer's, cardiovascular diseases, bipolar disorder, Parkinson's disease, and the implications of ML in agriculture for disease detection in crops. We explore the methodologies, datasets, and performance metrics used, as well as the advantages and challenges of each approach. The paper concludes with a discussion of future objectives to enhance the efficacy and application of ML in medical diagnostics.

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Review Paper: A Comprehensive Overview of Machine Learning Applications in Medical Diagnostics

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Health and living situations are important aspects in a college student's academic performance. This paper investigated the interrelationship of academic stress, health and psycho-social situation among 332 women undergraduates. The study reveals that health and living situations are interdependent set of physiological, psychological, and social processes that can influence, in varying degrees, girl students' academic performances. Healthy lifestyles do relate to a college student's life, such as attending classes, working, socializing and upholding interpersonal relationships. The college and University authorities must support the academic mission of student learning by assisting students in leading quality based healthier lives.

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Living Situation, Health, Academic Stress, Lifestyle

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The Current Study is designed to model slope stability analysis of earthen dam using finite element method by GEOSTUDIO 2012 Software. The Earthen dam is an important civil engineering structure that is multifunctional and used throughout the world. Slope Stability Investigation is very important issues that should be considered at designing. This paper describes the slope stability of earthen slopes by limit Equilibrium method in the Geo studio Software it is mainly Geotechnical Software. For Slope stability problem Slope/w tool was used from the software and it is completely based on the limit equilibrium principles. This Analysis is mainly carried out to describe the factor of safety for different slope values (H: V). The minimum factor of safety and the critical slip surface are determined using Morgenstern-Price method and Mohr's Coulombs Expression. For the minimum factor of safety, the material properties are carried out such as unit weight, cohesion, angle of friction and the piezometric line for slope stability analysis

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Limit Equilibrium, Cohesion, Angle of internal friction, Factor of safety, Slope/W, slope stability, Geo Studio.

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A supply of water is necessary for human survival. Access to clean drinking water is essential for a person's healthy development. This is a thorough analysis of the phytoplankton ecology found in India's freshwater lakes. To gain a deeper comprehension of the dispersion of phytoplankton, review research was conducted. The relationship between phytoplankton and several parameters in Indian lakes, including temperature, wind, transparency, sunlight penetration, pH, and seasonal fluctuations, was covered by the authors. Additionally, the relationship between phytoplankton and nutrient enrichment and prey-predator dynamics was examined. The findings showed the authors that every lake environment is unique from the others. The authors came to the final conclusion that phytoplankton ecology serves as an indicator for assessing the effects of influencing factors. These elements offer a good lake management strategy. The ecology of phytoplankton offers a platform for tracking and evaluating freshwater lake management tactics.

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Phytoplankton, Lake, Seasonal fluctuation, ecology, pH

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The main aim of the paper is simulation and synthesis of the 16-bit RISC CPU based on MIPS. The project involves design of simple RISC processor and simulating it. A Reduced Instruction Set Compiler (RISC) is a microprocessor that has been designed to perform a small set of instructions, with the aim of increasing the overall speed of the processor .In this work, we analyze MIPS instruction format, instruction data path, decoder module function and design theory based on RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) CPU instruction set. We use pipeline design process to simulate successfully, which involves instruction fetch (IF), instruction decoder (ID), execution (EXE), data memory (MEM), write back (WB) modules of 16-bit CPU based on RISC CPU instruction set. In this project we are using hazard detection unit helps for accurate behavior of the system. In this project for simulation we use Modelsim for logical verification, and further synthesizing it on Xilinx-ISE tool using target technology and performing placing & routing operation for system verification. The language we used here is VERILOG, and tools required here are XILINX -ISE 13.1-Synthesis.This processor make it especially suited to embedded control applications.

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MIPS, RISC, Simulation Synthesis, Instruction Set, MODELSIM, RTL Schematic, Technology Schematic

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The financial market always increases or decreases due to some information. At present, stock markets have been showing extremely unpredictable movement, which is only due to new pieces of information, and news or events. The economy of any country is evaluated by the stock market and this stock market depends on factors such as, politics, Taxation policy, inflation, interest rate, exchange rate, GDP, GNP, changes in ruling parties, elections, etc. On July 1st, 2017, India reached a significant milestone with the implementation of the Goods and Services Tax (GST). This momentous occasion signified a historic moment in the nation's history, bringing to fruition a 14-year endeavor that began in December 2002 when the Kelkar Task Force on indirect taxes recommended a comprehensive GST framework grounded in the value-added tax principle. This paper analyses the share price performance around National elections in India for short term over period of 3, 5, 7, 15 days pre post period over the implementation of GST. We investigate shareholders' returns around national elections for 50 companies of NSE NIFTY, NIFTY NEXT50, MIDCAP50 AND SMALLCAP 100. Stock prices have been observed over different event windows for the short term like (-3, +3), (-5, +5), (-7, +7) (-15, +15) days around the event date (election date). SPSS software has been used to analyze the data and the test applied is paired T-test.

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Good & Service Tax, Nifty, paired T-test.

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Even after regulatory changes the need for protection, health care, long term savings & retirement remains the major concerns while considering investment in life insurance. Therefore, the situation is not at all bad for the life insurance sector in India. Thus to study different demographic factors affecting the investment decision in life insurance becomes necessary time to time. Age, Occupation, Education, Marital status etc. are some of the variables which are analysed to find their association while making investment decision in life insurance.

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Demographic variables, Life Insurance, Investment Descision.

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Collaborative learning has been recognized as a valuable pedagogical approach that fosters active student engagement, critical thinking, and knowledge construction. With the advent of online platforms, educators have increasingly leveraged digital tools to facilitate collaborative learning experiences. This research paper presents a comparative analysis of different online platforms used for implementing collaborative learning approaches. Through a comprehensive review of the literature, this paper explores the features, functionalities, strengths, and limitations of various tools, including learning management systems (LMS), social media platforms, and specialized collaboration tools. Additionally, it examines the effectiveness of these tools in promoting student interaction, communication, and collaboration, as well as their impact on learning outcomes. By synthesizing empirical evidence and practical insights, this paper offers recommendations for educators and institutions seeking to optimize the implementation of collaborative learning through online platforms.

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collaborative learning, online platforms, learning management systems, social media, collaboration tools.

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Cloud Storage, as the module that provides data storage service in the Cloud Computing architecture, has evolved into the core component of Cloud Computing in recent years. This is one of the benefits of cloud computing: it allows you to produce and save data on remote computers. However, this gain has the implied disadvantage of data security and privacy concerns. There are numerous techniques and methodologies for achieving data security in cloud computing, but it also comes with a number of concerns. In this paper, we discuss many aspects of data security.

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Cloud Security, Security Challenges, Cloud computing

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Financial inclusion, the accessibility and usage of financial services by individuals and businesses, is increasingly recognized as a crucial driver of economic growth and development. This paper explores the relationship between financial inclusion and economic growth, examining theoretical frameworks, empirical evidence, and policy implications. It highlights the positive impact of financial inclusion on entrepreneurship, job creation, poverty reduction, and income equality. However, challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, socio-economic disparities, regulatory constraints, technological barriers, and cultural factors hinder efforts to expand financial access. Recommendations for advancing financial inclusion include prioritizing financial education, leveraging technology, fostering an enabling regulatory environment, and promoting collaboration among stakeholders. By implementing targeted strategies and interventions, policymakers and practitioners can work towards creating a more inclusive financial ecosystem that empowers individuals and promotes sustainable economic development.

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Financial inclusion, Economic growth, Empirical evidence, Policy implications, Challenges, Recommendations.

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di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), DLLME, HPLC-DAD

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Fingerprint authentication stands out as the most sophisticated among biometric techniques, having undergone extensive validation across diverse applications. Unlike features like a person's face or signature, which can change over time and may be subject to fabrication or imitation, a fingerprint uniquely belongs to an individual and remains constant throughout a lifetime. This paper delineates the diverse aspects and methods essential for the implementation of a fingerprint-based identification system.

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Biometric, Minutiae, Fingerprint, Identification System

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Most individuals, especially those living in rural and interior parts of India, have been excluded from the benefits of formal banking system. Therefore, they never had access to insurance, credit, loans and other financial instruments to help them establish and grow their micro businesses. So, most individuals depend on local money lenders for credit. The loan comes at high interest and often with unbearable conditions, which make these poor unsuspecting people fall in a debt-trap for generations. So they were an urgent need for an institution which will overcome the problems of individuals staying in rural areas. It will make a lot of difference in the economy as according to NSSO Survey 2013, there are close to 5.77 crores small scale business units, mostly sole proprietorships, which undertake trading, manufacturing, retail and other small-scale activities. Government felt that introduction MUDRA will make the difference by promoting self employment and entrepreneurship.

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A Study Micro Units Development and Refinance Agency (MUDRA)

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