Volume 12 | Issue 4

 Abstract

Abstract: Mushrooms are macroscopic fungi known for their nutritional and therapeutic importance. Pleurotus sajor-caju (grey oyster mushroom) is considered as one of the edible fungus meant for oyster shaped fruiting bodies and hence considered as grey oyster mushroom. This fleshy edible fungus is rich in nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals, and multivitamins. The present research article investigated the antimicrobial effect of Pleurotus sajor-caju extracts on the bacterial strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrobial activity was tested with two different extracts of Pleurotus by using the disc-diffusion method. The two Both aqueous and methanolic powdered extracts exhibited antibacterial activity against tested bacterial strains. Comparatively, the Methanol extract revealed higher effects over aqueous extracts among the bacterial strain tested thus stating that Pleurotus sajor-caju extracts are one of the promising sources of novel antimicrobial agents.

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Pleurotus sajor-caju, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Antibacterial activity

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The project report based on the capital budgeting in SUNDRAM CLAYTON. The profile of the company given briefly is collected from the official website of the SUNDRAM CLAYTON & brouchers and the introduction, literature review on topic capital budgeting is text based. The capital budgeting procedure at SUNDRAM CLAYTON is studied and the same is applied with respect to the Average Rate of Return, Cash Flow, Comparative Statement, And Cash Budgeting calculated and analyzed. Various tables and charts have been shown in order to compare the increase or decrease of profitability of the project. Capital budgeting is an extremely important aspect of a firm's financial management. Although capital asset usually comprises a smaller percentage of a firm total assets than do current assets are long term. Therefore a firm that makes a mistake in its capital budgeting process has to live with the mistake for a long period of time.

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Capital budgeting, Payback Period Method, Net present Value, Accounting Rate Of Return And Internal Rate Of Return.

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Herbal face washes are utilized for treating acne and pimples, offering a solution that eliminates excess oil while preserving skin nutrients. These face washes feature potent plant-based ingredients like feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium) and neem (Azadirachta indica). Herbal preparations, serving as the foundation of finished herbal medicines, encompass various forms such as comminuted or powdered herbal ingredients, extracts, tinctures, and fatty oils derived from herbal sources. The demand for herbal formulations is witnessing a steady rise in the global market. The development of a herbal face wash utilizing aqueous extracts of neem leaf, tulsi leaf, and orange peel is a commendable effort. Through thorough assessment and evaluation of factors including color, pH, consistency, washability, irritation, and spreadability, the current experiment concluded that the herbal face wash formulation surpassed commercial alternatives in efficacy. Since all ingredients in this composition are herbal in nature, they are considered safe for the skin and reliable.

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Acne vulgaris, Anti-acne activity, Facewash, Neem, Tulsi, Rosemary

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This literary paper explores the presence of the Ramayana in the folklore of Wayanad, Kerala. It will delve into the local myths and legends woven into the epic, reshaping its narrative contours. The study will look into how the folklore tradition of Wayanad has helped make Ramayana a more inclusive epic for people who are part of the tradition. By examining the fluid nature of oral traditions, the geographical variations, and the pro-woman stance within Wayanad's 'Ramayanas,' this study will look at the mythical significance of the locales of Wayanad play to explore how the folklore of Wayanad has made multiple Ramayanas and has connected people who are outside the structure of conventional Hinduism to it. It will also look at how these localised parts of the epic differ from the canonical version of the Ramayana.

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Democratising the Ramayana: Local Myths and Legends in Wayanad

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VAS, Fentanyl, Tramadol, Postoperative Pain

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The revolutionary project in question is a cutting- edge initiative that fuses advanced technologies to transform the realms of accounting, billing, and customer relationship management. This innovative software platform harnesses the power of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Blockchain to revolutionize and optimize financial processes. The AI element within this transformative solution excels at automating mundane tasks, ranging from data entry to invoice generation and financial analysis. This not only significantly reduces the likelihood of human errors but also amplifies overall operational efficiency. Machine learning algorithms are deployed to deliver predictive financial insights, empowering businesses with informed decision-making capabilities. The integration of Blockchain technology serves as a formidable safeguard for the security and integrity of financial data. By leveraging Blockchain, the system becomes highly resistant to fraud and tampering, ensuring that financial transactions are recorded in a transparent and decentralized ledger. This not only establishes trust but also instills accountability among all stakeholders involved. The platform is designed to disrupt conventional accounting practices, presenting businesses with a more intelligent, secure, and efficient approach to managing their financial workflows. The user-friendly interface of this revolutionary project further simplifies the management of customer relationships, offering seamless control over billing and payment processes.

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AI, integrated billing system, blockchain technology, customer relationship management.

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The initiative outlined here aims to address the longstanding issue of limited access to quality education in rural areas worldwide through the development of a specialized online learning application. By meticulously assessing the educational needs and challenges faced by rural communities--such as scarcity of instructors and educational resources--the project endeavors to tailor educational software to suit their specific requirements. Crucially, partnerships with local leaders, non-governmental organizations, and educational institutions are integral to ensuring the sustainability and success of the initiative. Furthermore, a commitment to iterative development and user feedback will drive ongoing improvements to the application, ensuring its relevance and effectiveness. Ultimately, the goal is to bridge the educational gap in rural areas, empowering individuals to reach their full potential regardless of geographical constraints, thus fostering equitable access to high-quality education for all.

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online education, rural communities, educational inequality, technology in education, educational app

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An old Indian saying presents our fundamental and compulsory principle: The earth is not a heritage given to us by our ancestors, but loaned to preserve it for our offspring. Every individual should contribute to preserve and protect environment. But fourth assessment (AR4 2007) of the relevant scientific literature, the intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC) reported that scientists were more than 90% certain that most of global warming was being caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases produced by human activities. So through this paper, the investigator tried to study the incidence of attitude of would be female teachers towards environment. Convenient sampling technique was used. A total of 60 female prospective teachers from different colleges of Muktsar district comprised the sample of the study. Taj Environmental Attitude Scale (TEAS) by Haseen Taj (2001) and demographic sheet was used for data collection. Results revealed that female prospective teachers have positive attitude towards environment. There exists no significant difference between rural and urban female prospective teachers. It reveals that location do not affect the attitude of female prospective teachers towards environment.

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ATTITUDE OF FEMALE PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS TOWARDS ENVIRONMENT

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This study examines the intricacies of production, inventory control, procurement, and distribution processes at RR Latex Ltd, a leading manufacturer of latex products. Through a comprehensive analysis, it explores the interrelationship between these vital functions and their impact on the company's operational efficiency and competitive advantage. The production section investigates RR Latex Ltd.'s manufacturing processes, highlighting efficiency, capacity utilization, and challenges encountered. Inventory control practices are examined, focusing on inventory levels, turnover rates, and strategies for optimization. The procurement segment delves into sourcing raw materials and managing supplier relationships, while the distribution aspect evaluates the company's distribution network and logistics management. By analysing the interplay between these functions, this study identifies key dependencies and the ripple effects of changes in one area on others. Challenges faced by RR Latex Ltd are discussed, along with opportunities for improvement and growth. Recommendations are provided for enhancing efficiency, reducing costs, and leveraging technology to optimize operations. This study underscores the importance of integrating production, inventory control, procurement, and distribution functions for achieving organizational goals and maintaining competitiveness in the market

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Operational Efficiency, Procurement Strategies,Technology Utilization

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The use of technology in the supply chain is seen as a necessary requirement for efficient control of today's highly competitive marketplace. Modern technology provides to increased supply chain visibility, lower operating costs, and improved customer satisfaction and retention. The use of technology in supply chain management may result in benefits such as increased data security, communication with supply chain partners, traceability, and supply and demand management skills. Auto ID has several advantages, including accuracy, cost savings, and the speed and simplicity of data storage and processing. With practically daily technological advancements in every aspect of business, organisations must synchronise by embracing and deploying new electronic commerce and supply chain technologies in order to protect market dominance, much alone increase market penetration. This study creates a model of the important elements driving the adoption of supply chain technologies.

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Technology, supply chain

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Plastic garbage in reservoirs causes significant harm to water quality, aquatic life, and the entire ecosystem. This paper presents a low-cost water waste cleaning robot to collect floating waste in ponds and lakes, composed of commonly available low-cost materials requiring little human labor. This study aims to develop a robot that can collect floating trash in place of humans and evaluate the performance of the proposed system. This automatic system is constructed of floatable material and will float on the water together waste materials. A simple smartphone application is used to control the robot's cage-like framework, resulting in an. extremely user- friendly interface. The waste trapped inside will have to be manually taken out of the bot before a second launch. Successful experiments have been made to collect different types of plastic waste in a small water body. The robot's operating range and battery life are measured to ensure an efficient cleaning process in terms of time. Furthermore, the operator may adjust the robot's speed to make movement simple and precise.

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Eco-friendly robot, floating waste cleaner, remote-controlled bot.

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This Academystique introduces a pioneering web-based platform aimed at enriching the educational journey of students by employing a Random Forest machine learning model to forecast their academic performance based on previous semester grades. The platform offers predictive insights into future academic outcomes, empowering students to pinpoint and prioritize areas for improvement. Key features include performance prediction, provision of educational resources, and a collaborative learning environment via a discussion forum. Additionally, educators and academic advisors can utilize the predictive insights to identify students at risk of underperforming, enabling early interventions and personalized educational planning

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Random Forest, Prediction, machine learning, students, fetures

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Increasing concerns about climate change and sustainability, the adoption of renewable energy sources like solar power is on the rise worldwide. Solar energy has emerged as a prominent renewable energy source due to its abundance, accessibility, and environmental friendliness. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques play a crucial role in optimizing the efficiency and output of photovoltaic (PV) solar systems by continuously tracking the maximum power point of the PV array. Various MPPT algorithms such as Perturb and Observe (P&O), Incremental Conductance (INC), and Fractional Open-Circuit Voltage (FOCV) are extensively discussed and applied in literature for improving the performance of PV systems. Researchers and practitioners have explored and implemented these MPPT algorithms in real-world PV systems to enhance energy harvesting efficiency and maximize power output. Partial shading in PV arrays can significantly reduce overall system efficiency and lead to mismatch losses. Advanced MPPT algorithms are employed to mitigate the impact of partial shading, ensuring optimal performance and energy yield from solar installations. In this project we will apply various techniques and algorithms like PandO, Incremental conductance for MPPT of solar PV systems and also we will compare the tracking efficiency of all these methods and we will extend the work to partial shading conditions also.

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Matlab, MPPT, Perturb and Observe, Incremental Conductance, Cuckoo search and Grey wolf optimization.

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The Chitrakoot Dham Division, located in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India, is known for its rich cultural and spiritual heritage, deeply rooted in Hindu mythology. This research paper explores the cultural and spiritual aspects of ecotourism in Chitrakoot Dham Division through a geographical analysis. By examining the interplay between natural landscapes and significant cultural and spiritual sites, this study aims to understand how ecotourism initiatives can be developed sustainably in this region. Fieldwork, including site visits and interviews with local residents and religious leaders, provided insights into the cultural and spiritual significance of various locations within the division. Additionally, spatial analysis using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools revealed patterns of culturally and spiritually significant sites in relation to ecotourism activities. The findings suggest that ecotourism can play a crucial role in promoting and preserving Chitrakoot Dham's cultural and spiritual heritage. However, it requires careful planning and community involvement to ensure sustainability. This paper offers recommendations for integrating cultural and spiritual values into ecotourism projects and identifies opportunities for community-based initiatives. By balancing tourism development with cultural preservation, Chitrakoot Dham Division can continue to thrive as both a cultural and spiritual destination and a hub for ecotourism.

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Ecotourism, Cultural heritage, Spiritual tourism, Hindu mythology, Natural landscapes

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Child abuse is a public health problem that leads to lifelong health consequences, both physically and psychologically. It is important to have a high index of suspicion for child maltreatment since early identification may be lifesaving. It is especially important that students have knowledge about this issue in order to be able to identify abused and neglected children and to not be hesitant to report as "The greatest wealth and strength of any nation is its Youth".

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KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE REGARDING CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT AMONG STUDENTS IN SELECTED COLLEGES OF KAMRUP, ASSAM: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY

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Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease (HD), is a long-term infection by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae or Mycobacterium lepromatosis. Infection can lead to damage of the nerves, respiratory tract, skin, and eyes. This nerve damage may result in a lack of ability to feel pain, which can lead to the loss of parts of a person's extremities from repeated injuries or infection through unnoticed wounds. An infected person may also experience muscle weakness and poor eyesight. Leprosy symptoms may begin within one year, but, for some people, symptoms may take 20 years or more to occur. Leprosy is spread between people, although extensive contact is necessary.Leprosy has a low pathogenicity, and 95% of people who contract M. leprae do not develop the disease. Spread is thought to occur through a cough or contact with fluid from the nose of a person infected by leprosy. Genetic factors and immune function play a role in how easily a person catches the disease.Leprosy does not spread during pregnancy to the unborn child or through sexual contact.Leprosy occurs more commonly among people living in poverty.There are two main types of the disease - paucibacillary and multibacillary, which differ in the number of bacteria present. A person with paucibacillary disease has five or fewer poorly pigmented, numb skin patches, while a person with multibacillary disease has more than five skin patches.The diagnosis is confirmed by finding acid-fast bacilli in a biopsy of the skin.

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LEPROSY,MYCOBACTRIUM, DISEASE,BACTERIA.

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This article explores the intersection of literature, activism, and human values, examining how these components have evolved over time. By analyzing various literary works from different time periods, the article highlights the ways in which writers have used their art to raise awareness about social issues and promote positive change. It also delves into the role of literature in shaping societal values and contributing to the advancement of human rights. Ultimately, the article seeks to demonstrate how literature continues to be a powerful tool for activism and a means of promoting universal human values.

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Article

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This study highlights the evolving landscape of education from traditional classroom settings to the emergence of e-learning in higher education. It emphasizes the transformative potential of e-learning in enhancing accessibility, flexibility, and engagement for learners. The proposal aims to investigate the role, best practices, challenges, and solutions associated with e-learning implementation in higher education through a qualitative research approach. It draws from a review of related literature, including studies on new media technology, information and communication technology, and the effectiveness of computer-based learning programs. The study's objectives include analyzing the role of e-learning, exploring innovative approaches, investigating implementation challenges, and offering suggestions for improvement. The research methodology involves a qualitative analysis of secondary data gathered from various sources. Through this comprehensive investigation, the study seeks to contribute to the scholarly understanding and practical implementation of e-learning in higher education, ultimately enhancing student learning experiences and outcomes.

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E-learning, Higher Education, Opportunities, Challenges

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This study looks into how crypto currencies might help Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece, recover from the effects of the financial crisis and find new opportunities for economic growth. It is inspired by the substantial economic decline Greece endured after the financial crisis of 2008, which raised the possibility of bankruptcies and sharply decreased GDP per person. The subsequent imposition of capital controls further hampered the nation's financial activities. Research has shown that the studied region had a lower GDP per capita and degree of economic development than the national and EU averages. Using a mixed-methods approach that includes data analysis and a questionnaire-based survey, this study investigates the attitudes and actions of local business owners and consumers about digital currency. In addition, the survey targets consumers and company owners using probability and non-probability sampling approaches and uses closed-ended questions given through an online platform. In order to shed light on the role of crypto currencies as a way to lessen the effects of the financial crisis and boost economic activity in Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, the collected data are analyzed through the scopes of descriptive and deductive analyses with the use of SPSS software. The research showed that although participants did not think that a parallel digital currency would help the Greek economy, those who had been impacted by the crisis expressed a desire to invest in and use crypto currencies. However, business owners were reluctant to see crypto currency as long-term assets and lacked faith in their ability to revolutionize the local economy. The study's findings add to the expanding body of information about the use of crypto currencies and their possible advantages in areas experiencing economic hardship.

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Financial crisis, consumers, business owners, Greece, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, and crypto currency

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By studying the connection between play and co-creation in the service sector, this research seeks to understand how online gaming behaviours might influence business tactics. Portugal was the site of the study, which employed a qualitative methodology. Seven separate companies were interviewed for it. Based on the findings, businesses can use playful co-creation tactics to their advantage and boost their market competitiveness. The research shows that there are pros and cons to this approach. Ultimately, it increases competitiveness and helps fill in knowledge gaps by illuminating how enterprises in peripheral places, like Portugal, can utilise play and co-creation to strengthen their commercial processes.

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Gamification, Co-creation, Companies, Marketing, Peripheral Region

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