Volume 12 | Issue 4

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Abstract The present work explores the thermal and magnetic properties of complexes of the transition metals - Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II)withpolyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) studies provide insights into glass transition temperatures (Tg), melting temperatures (Tm) and heat capacities (Cp) of these complexes, highlighting significant deviations from pure PVP, indicative of interactions between PVP and metal ions. The absence of crystallization dips in thermograms suggests the amorphous nature of these complexes. Vibrating Sample Magnetometric (VSM) studies reveal the magnetic behaviors of these complexes, including paramagnetic, ferromagnetic and isotropic properties, depending on the metal ion. The hysteresis loops and saturation magnetization values provide a detailed understanding of the magnetic anisotropy and dipole alignment characteristics. The findings establish correlations between the thermal stability, structural changes and magnetic properties induced by metal coordination, offering potential applications in materials science and polymer-metal hybrid development.

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Introduction Materials Methods A schematic representation of DSC thermogram Hysteresis loop 4. Results and Discussion of a magnetic material

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This study examines spatial disparities in the quality of rural life in Meja Block, Prayagraj, focusing on the decade 2001-2011. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research analyses three key dimensions: housing quality, economic conditions, and social well-being. Primary data from household surveys, alongside secondary sources such as Census reports, inform the study. GIS mapping highlights the spatial distribution of disparities. Results reveal significant intra-regional disparities. Findings emphasize the need for targeted policy interventions to bridge these gaps and promote sustainable rural development. The study contributes to the discourse on rural spatial inequalities and provides insights for evidence-based policymaking.

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Rural quality of life, Spatial disparities, Sustainable rural development

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In this research, we make a serious effort to investigate the role of yoga in pedagogy and athletics within the Gujarat state. Among the many Indian philosophical traditions, yoga stands out for its focus on the body as a tool for the cultivation of positive mental and behavioral habits. The term "physical education" covers a range of accepted definitions. Some call it "education of the body," meaning training one's muscles and joints to do a certain task in a certain way, like in a sport. For others, exercise is only a means to an end--an "education to the body"--that emphasises physical appearance. Indeed, the term "physical education" denotes "education through the body" in its roots. Sports and gymnastics are part of the Physical Education curriculum, so keep that in mind. To provide a thorough knowledge of yoga being practiced as an athletic tool, here is a summary of yoga research that has been published in the last ten to twelve years.Methodology: Research Type: Review, reviewed from data searching from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus articles, books, magazines, periodicals, journals etc published in past are included in related literature, then grouping data and reverted conclusion.

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PE || PA || Yoga || Physical education || Physical Activities

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Coral reefs are vital to marine ecosystems, supporting immense biodiversity and contributing to coastal protection, fisheries, and global carbon cycling. However, these ecosystems are increasingly threatened by climate change, ocean acidification, and human activities. This article reviews the ecological significance of coral reefs, emphasising their role in supporting marine life, providing ecosystem services, and mitigating environmental stresses. Additionally, the paper explores the growing threats to coral reefs, such as coral bleaching and habitat destruction, and highlights global conservation efforts to preserve these critical ecosystems. Understanding and addressing the challenges coral reefs face is essential for their future survival and the well-being of millions of species and coastal communities.

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Coral reefs, Marine ecosystems, Biodiversity, Climate change, Coral bleaching, Conservation

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The management of perishable supply chains is a complex and critical challenge that demands high levels of efficiency and precision. With the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI), significant advancements have been made in optimizing these supply chains, enhancing demand forecasting, improving inventory management, and reducing waste. This study explores the impact of AI on the perishable supply chain, highlighting key areas such as supply chain optimization, quality control, sustainability, and consumer experience. The study also discusses the challenges associated with AI implementation and provides insights into successful case studies from leading companies. The findings suggest that AI holds transformative potential for perishable supply chains, driving improvements in efficiency, sustainability, and transparency.

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Artificial Intelligence (AI), Perishable Supply Chains, Predictive Analytics, Supply Chain Optimization, Sustainability

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Abstract High-availability data centers are critical for ensuring uninterrupted access to services and applications. Load balancers play a pivotal role in distributing network traffic across multiple servers to ensure optimal resource utilization and minimize downtime. This paper compares the performance and features of two leading load balancers: F5 Networks and A10 Networks. By examining key metrics such as throughput, latency, scalability, and security, we aim to provide a comprehensive evaluation to guide organizations in selecting the most suitable load balancing solution for their data center needs

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1. Load Balancing 2. High Availability 3. F5 Networks 4. A10 Networks 5. Application Delivery Controller (ADC) 6. Redundancy 7. Failover Mechanism 8. Traffic Management 9. SSL Offloading 10. Global Server Load Balancing (GSLB) 11. Throughput and Performance 12. Layer 4 and Layer 7 Load Balancing 13. DDoS Protection 14. Scalability 15. Network Optimization 16. Health Monitoring 17. Virtual Load Balancer 18. Data Center Resilience 19. Configuration Management 20. Security Features Comparison

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? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??. ?????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????, ???????? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ??. ??????? ????? ???? ???? ??? (??%) ?????????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??? (??%) ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??. ???? ??? ???-????? ???? ???? ?? ??. ???? ?? ??? ???? ? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? (??%), ???. ???? ??? (??%) ??? ??????? ??????? (??%) ???? ???? ?? ????? ??. ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??. ????? ????? ?????? ????-????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??, ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??? ??. ???? ??????? ??????, ???-?????? ?????? ????????, ??????, ????????? ?????? ??????, ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ??.

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This article presents an in-depth examination of the intricate chemical makeup and several medicinal applications of Madagascar Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus), a plant that has garnered the interest of researchers and medical experts in the realm of modern medicine. The species, originally native to Madagascar but now distributed globally, acts as an important storehouse of bioactive compounds, namely the alkaloids vinblastine and vincristine. These chemicals have greatly revolutionised the area of cancer treatment, particularly in their efficacy against lymphomas and leukaemias. This study extensively examines the complex chemical constituents of the plant, including terpenoid indole alkaloids, phenolics, and flavonoids. The objective is to elucidate the processes by which these molecules are synthesised and comprehend the factors that influence their formation. Furthermore, this abstract explores the broader therapeutic potential of C. roseus beyond its well-established antineoplastic properties. The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the most recent scientific studies investigating the plant's qualities in relation to its efficacy in treating diabetes, combating infections, functioning as an antioxidant, and safeguarding the nervous system. It offers a thorough assessment of studies conducted in both laboratory and animal settings. The study examines the challenges and potential of using these phytochemicals in medication development, including the techniques for extracting them, biotechnological approaches to enhance alkaloid production, and the prospect of discovering novel compounds. The aim of this endeavour is to promote more investigation into the untapped therapeutic attributes of Madagascar Periwinkle by incorporating available data and identifying areas that need further examination. The primary objective is to cultivate ground-breaking therapeutic methodologies for a diverse array of human ailments.

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Phytochemicals, Catharanthus roseus, Alkaloids, Cancer Treatment, Therapeutic potential

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With the surge of online video platforms in the digital age, the risk of content piracy has significantly increased, posing serious challenges for content creators and distributors. This research aims to counteract unauthorized distribution by developing a system that matches video frames across various online platforms. Using advanced computer vision techniques, we propose a robust and scalable framework that combines image processing and machine learning to accurately identify and match frames from moving images, regardless of differences in format, resolution, and compression. Our framework includes essential components such as feature extraction, frame hashing, and deep learning-based similarity assessment to achieve high precision and recall in detecting pirated content. Extensive experiments on diverse datasets demonstrate our approach's superior accuracy and computational efficiency compared to existing methods. This study offers a comprehensive solution to video piracy, providing valuable insights into the development of cross-platform content identification systems. By enhancing the security and reliability of digital media distribution, our work contributes to protecting the rights of content creators and ensuring the integrity of online video content.

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Cyber Security, Digital Piracy, Machine Learning, Computer Vision

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a cornerstone within the domain of cybersecurity, presenting advanced solutions to combat the ever-growing complexity of cyber threats. This abstract delves into the foundational principles of AI within the context of cybersecurity, emphasising its pivotal role, diverse applications, and potential implications.In recent years, AI has revolutionised cybersecurity practices by enabling automated threat detection, rapid response mechanisms, and enhanced predictive analytics. This chapter is a comprehensive introduction to the combination of AI in modern cybersecurity strategies. It elucidates the importance of AI-driven technologies in fortifying cyber defences and lays the groundwork for a deeper understanding of their application across various security domains.The introduction outlines the elemental concepts of AI, providing insights into machine learning, linguistic communication processing, and other core AI techniques relevant to cybersecurity. It explores how AI algorithms can analyse vast amounts of knowledge, identify patterns, and detect anomalies, thereby bolstering threat detection capabilities and proactive defence mechanisms.

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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: A MODERN TOOL TO REINFORCE CYBERSECURITY

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Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacterium with resistance to many antibiotics, causing severe infections in immunocompromised individuals. Resistance patterns vary geographically and over time, with beta-lactams showing high resistance to penicillins and cephalosporins, carbapenems increasing resistance, aminoglycosides having variable susceptibility, fluoroquinolones being common, and polymyxins reserved for multidrug- resistant cases. Management involves prevention, culture, prompt antimicrobial therapy, and combination therapy. In our present study, we will study the antibiotic sensitivity pattern in P. aeruginosa. Aim & Objectives: The aim and objectives of present study is to isolate Pseudomonas aeruginosa among various samples and estimate its antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Material & Methods: The study analysed antibiotic sensitivity patterns in Pseudomonas aeruginosa from clinical samples, using 50 non-repetitive isolates from outpatient and inpatient departments. The modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing in the Department of Microbiology, National Medical College, Birgunj, Nepal, between 1 st July 2022 and 30 th June 2023. Results: Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to be most abundant in pus samples, followed by ear swabs, urine, sputum, E.T. secretion, and blood. Out of 50 isolates, the most sensitive were Polymyxin-B (98%), Colistin (98), Imipenem (89%), Cefeparazone/Salbactum (86%), Meropenem (84%), Pipercillin/Tazobactum (82%), ciprofloxacin (72%), and cefepime (38%). Conclusion: The study identifies a drug for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, focusing on species-level identification and resistance mechanisms, promoting judicious use of chemotherapeutic agents

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Polymyxin-B, Colistin, Infection

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This article brief focuses on the energy dimension of India-Central Asia Relations and fulfillment of India's energy needs. Central Asia's vast energy resources and India's growing energy demand combine to form India's aspirations of expanding energy relations with the region. Article argues that the Indian government and scholars are focused quite narrowly on the energy reserves, i.e., stocks of different resources like natural gas and uranium. Due to their narrow focus, they do not account sufficiently for the energy infrastructure within Central Asia, namely pipelines that would allow energy sources to be efficiently extracted and transported to India.

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Energy Relation between India and Central Asia: A Review

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Mukt Evam Durasth Shiksha me Namankit Shiksharthiyo ki pristhabhumi evam Pathyakarma lokpriyata-Ek Vishleshan

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Mukt Evam Durasth Shiksha,Siksharthiyo ki prushtbhumi,namakan,pathyakram lokpriyata

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Ethnographic approaches have recently emerged as promising methodologies in educational research, offering rich insights into the social and cultural dynamics of learning environments. However, their application within pharmacy education remains relatively unexplored. This systematic review aims to fill this gap by synthesizing the existing literature on the practical applications of ethnographic methods in pharmacy education. The review highlights implications for pharmacy educators and institutions, emphasizing opportunities to enhance teaching practices, foster inclusive learning environments, and inform curriculum development and policy-making. Recommendations for future research and practice are provided, advocating for longitudinal studies, examination of inter professional collaborations, and sharing of best practices. Ultimately, this systematic review underscores the significance of ethnographic approaches in advancing pharmacy education and calls for further exploration and application within the field.

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Ethnography, Pharmacy education, teaching methods, Institutional development

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Contract farming has been prevalent in agriculture, especially in countries like India. The outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 significantly disrupted the functioning of contract farmers, posing various challenges to their livelihoods. At the same time, the pandemic crisis was seen as an opportunity for corporate penetration into agriculture by the three farm laws. This article analyzes the impact of COVID-19 on contract farming, how contract farmers coped with the pandemic, and the challenges faced by small farmers during the pandemic.

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Contract farming, COVID-19, Farm laws, Small farmers.

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This study explores the impact of green marketing practices on consumer spending patterns within shopping malls in the city of Haryana, India. Utilizing a quantitative research approach, data was collected from a diverse sample of 100 consumers across different demographics, and ANOVA analysis was employed to examine the impact of Green marketing practices on consumer decision-making. The findings revealed significant differences in consumer spending patterns across malls with varying levels of Green marketing practices. The study underscores the substantial influence of environmentally conscious initiatives on shaping consumer behavior. Based on these results, practical recommendations are offered, emphasizing the enhancement of Green marketing initiatives, tailored marketing strategies, educational campaigns, continuous monitoring, and collaboration among shopping malls. The insights derived from this research contribute to a nuanced understanding of the relationship between sustainable marketing practices and consumer behavior, providing valuable guidance for the strategic development of environmentally responsible initiatives within the retail sector.

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Green Marketing, Consumer Behaviour, Consumer Spending Patterns, Retail products

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The treadmill bicycle represents an innovative device that merges traditional exercise equipment with a transportation mechanism. It works on the idea of transforming forward momentum from motion of humans without the use of electricity. This combines a bicycle frame with a treadmill platform such that when a person walks on the treadmill, the action goes backward and the bicycle moves forward via a chain system. By harnessing kinetic energy from the user's physical effort, it eliminates the need for external power sources or electrical assistance. This unique combination promotes health and lessens dependency on fossil fuels while providing an environmentally friendly, independent, and effective means to commute or work out. It even gives off an innovative perspective on transportation. The treadmill bicycle is an innovative and sustainable way to move and keep active without relying on electricity or other external power sources. It represents the merging of exercise and mobility.

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Treadmill, bicycle, rollers

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This research tries to explore the link between Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) policies and the diversity in recent work surroundings. It purposes to acknowledge the importance of EEO framework in enhance the diversity, evaluate their effect on operational culture, employee contribution, and entire performance. Employing a combination of actual evidence and conceptual frameworks, this paper tries to define the native connection between EEO compulsory and the facilitation of workplace diversity.

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Equal Employment Opportunity, Workplace Diversity, Organizational Culture, Employee Engagement, Performance, Inclusion, EEO Policies

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Organ and tissue transplantation has become literally a lifesaving hope for many people. The one organ donor can save 8 lives and change the lives more than 50 people. There are many terminal diseases like heart failure, terminal lung illness, kidney failure etc., that can be cured by the transplantation. Organ donation is legal by law because the Government of India has enacted. "The Transplantation of Human Organs Act 1994" Act No.42, which has allowed organ donation and legalized brain death. Organ donation has become a typical procedure to save life and improve the lives of the patients that have a chance to survive. Organ donation is a standard method of treatment in various disease, however, the number of patients on the waiting list is more than organs that can be donated. This procedure saves the life of millions of people in the world and is a process in which an organ or part of that grafts to another person.

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Perception, Organ Donation

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Mugilai Rasapandian has recorded the conversions that took place after 1956 in Kanyakumari district and the religious riots that took place due to the fear of religion in the novel 'The Way'. It is a rare news that everyone is surprised that religious riots have taken place in Kumari district where everyone lived together as one family.The religious riots in Kumari district show that religion has the power to transform human feelings. Religion teaches virtues by refining man so that man should do good deeds and acquire good qualities and live in this world.But because of these religions, divisions and divisions have been created among the people, man has turned into an animal and caused religious riots, the land of Kumari, which lived in social harmony, has been turned into a land of riots. This review article records the religious turmoil shown by this novel.

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The way the novel shows conversions and religious riots

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