Volume 11 | Issue 4

 Abstract

One of the biggest disadvantages of building a world house is the high price of the building. The high cost of building houses below the poverty line is one of the most important human problems. On the other hand, increasing urbanization increases waste, especially non-renewable ones. An appropriate approach to such a situation is to use part of the household waste as necessary materials for the construction of the house, and also to ensure a comfortable space and adequate heat for the inhabitants of the house. A plastic bottle is considered a household waste that has durability properties and can be used as a material in house construction instead of a conventional material such as brick. [1,2] The purpose of this paper is to investigate the use of plastic bottles as municipal waste in one building and how this can lead to sustainability. It also mentions some ways to set up and insulate them in terms of heat and sound, and some positive points that this material has over others. Finally, it was concluded that plastic bottles can be more efficient compared to some conventional building materials such as brick, concrete and ceramic block in terms of various factors such as lead time, cost, carrying capacity, flexibility, waste and energy efficiency. A small village in Nigeria has implemented a solution that not only provides shelter in a poor country, but also finds a use for waste. Packing sand in plastic bottles is a technique that started nine years ago in India, South and Central America and now we used this type of construction in Chhattisgarh India. The compacted sand inside the bottles, called bottle brick technology, is almost 20 times stronger than bricks. The best part is that in an area that doesn't have a lot of money [5] for building materials, houses cost about 1/3 of a concrete and brick house.

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Index Terms - Plastic Bottle, waste material, bricks, binding material.

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In recent years, an increasing number of people have chosen to read books in audio format, which has led to an increase in the number of audio books available for purchase. This exploration intends to examine the effect of book recordings on understanding appreciation, securing jargon, and generally understanding satisfaction. Surveys and focus groups will be used to collect both quantitative and qualitative data in a mixed-methods approach. Participants of varying reading abilities and ages will take part in the study, and audio books and conventional print books will be compared. This study's findings will shed light on audio books' potential to enhance reading experiences, as well as their advantages and drawbacks.

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Audio books, Premium, Satisfaction

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Glutathione (GSH) levels and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities were measured in the leukemia cells of 12 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Both were correlated with prior clinical exposure to alkylating agents and with DNA cross-link formation by chlorambucil in these cells in vitro. No correlation was observed between prior exposure to alkylating agents and GSH level or GST activity.

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alkylating agent, scancer, chlorambucil, glutathione, glutathione s-transferase, dna,

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In order to create accurate standalone balance sheets, income statements, and cash flow statements, the primary objective of the research paper is to prepare reliable financial statements. This research makes an effort to analyse the financial statements and assess the performance in terms of profitability and asset utilization. For the study that has focused on the past and present performance of Raymonds Ltd., exploratory research is the specific research methodology that was used. The study uses secondary data, which were gathered from the company's audited annual reports from 2013 to 2022 and information supplied for useful periodical analysis. Five categories of financial analysis tools were used to test the study's hypothesis in order to meet the research objective. Comparative statement analysis, Common size income statement analysis, Trend analysis, Ratio analysis, Cash flow analysis, Fund flow analysis. The financial strength and weaknesses of Raymonds Ltd. are revealed by this study.

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Profitability; Performance; Financial Statements; Exploring; Sustainable

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This research paper provides a comprehensive analysis of Jayadeva's G?ta Govinda, a lyrical composition in Sanskrit that describes the love between R?dh? and K???a. The paper explores the structure and themes of the poem, focusing on the use of various poetic devices and their effect on the reader. The research also delves into the historical and cultural context of the poem, highlighting its importance in the tradition of Indian classical poetry. Through close reading and critical analysis, the paper sheds light on the complex and multi-layered nature of the poem, and its significance in the study of Indian literature and culture. Ultimately, this paper aims to deepen our understanding of the G?ta Govinda, and its place in the rich and diverse landscape of Indian poetry. The Poetical Analysis of Jayadeva's G?ta Govinda examines the literary and poetic qualities of the renowned Indian poet Jayadeva's work, G?ta Govinda. The paper delves into the intricate metaphors, allusions, and symbolisms employed by Jayadeva in his compositions, highlighting their beauty and significance. The research also sheds light on the historical and cultural context in which Jayadeva wrote his poetry, providing a deeper understanding of his literary contributions. Through a thorough examination of Jayadeva's work, the paper provides valuable insights into the nature of Indian poetry and its rich cultural heritage.

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Jayadeva, ?r? G?tagovinda, poetic analysis, poetry, Sanskrit, Indian literature, devotional poetry, Hinduism, Vaishnavism, K???a, R?dh?, love, emotions, imagery, symbolism.

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Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are among the most important therapeutic protein types used to treat a variety of diseases (e.g., oncology, inflammation and autoimmune diseases). One major obstacle to the creation of novel antibodies is the identification of new pharmacological targets, yet monoclonal antibody technologies are still evolving to provide drugs with steadily better safety profiles. There are various prospects for producing subcutaneous formulations of antibodies, for example, to improve patient compliance, reduce costs, and control the lifespan of the drug. Nevertheless, Medication based on monoclonal antibodies has a few limitations that limit its therapeutic use. The major concerns are their short pharmacokinetic characteristics and stability problems during manufacture, transit, and storage that might result in protein aggregation and denaturation. Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) can be coupled to novel surface-functionalized cross-linked nanogels to achieve targeted drug delivery. In biomedical research, disease detection, and cancer and other types of disease treatment, monoclonal antibodies (mAb) are essential tools. A monoclonal antibody is an example of a mediator that can target nanoparticles with precision. Immune cells that produce only one kind of antibody, called monoclonal antibodies, are all clones of a single parent cell. It has a property obtained from myeloma cells, which allows it to continuously divide at the same time. A lung cancer nanoparticle targeted delivery method using a monoclonal antibody as a targeting mediator. Hybridoma technique refers to the production of monoclonal antibodies in artificial media using hybridomas that are selective for spleen and myeloma cells. They develop a hybrid cell that is capable of making several monoclonal antibodies against an antigen. Hybridoma technology is the method used to manufacture monoclonal antibodies. Due to the enormous no. of foreign substance present on the cancer cell surface , mAb are broadly used to transport nanoparticles which helps to improve therapeutic aiming to the cancerous cells.

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KEYWORDS; Monoclonal antibodies, Immunoglobulin's, Hybridoma technology, Glycoprotein.

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Companies must constantly integrate into a network of organisations in order to be more competitive. Businesses that ignore this challenge will inevitably lag behind their competitors. In this essay, we examine how supply chain management (SCM) and the internet interact. By responding to various inquiries, this paper will address the ideas around the impact of e-commerce on the supply chain and its potential future effects. The article first explored the many steps in the SCM process, including the transfer of information, goods, and money. The integration of internet shopping into SCM was then demonstrated in order to achieve a competitive edge in a fast-paced business environment. Results indicated that supply chains' physical, informational, and financial flows can be impacted by e-commerce.

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Supply chain management, E- commerce

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FDI is a prime source to maintain level of income and saving in Semi developed and developing countries. Continuous Growth is recorded in FDI in India after liberalization. Hence economy also grew faster. Foreign direct investment brings capital, skill and technology to country and encourages economic growth at highest level. In current scenario India is one of most open economic countries with regards to FDI. Started in 2014, Make in India program has continuously increased FDI. 25 sector has been connected to FDI under this program. In presented paper we will discuss FDI's meaning and need of FDI in India. We will also discuss its positive impact, negative impact and strong progress of FDI in India.

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Foreign Direct Investment, Technological advancement, Gross Domestic Product, unemployment.

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Nanotechnology is an exciting new area in science, with many possible applications in medicine. This article seeks to outline the role of different areas such as diagnosis of diseases, drug delivery, imaging, and so on Nanocrystals (NCs) are a class of solid dosage forms that take advantage of the drug's crystal structure and the nanoscience idea to improve solubility, dissolution, and physicochemical qualities. When compared to other solid dosage forms, NC frequently faces numerous difficulties with regard to physical stability and chemical stability during the storage and the production process. Thus, crucial steps in the development of NCs include consideration of the physicochemical characteristics of nanocrystals, their hazardous effects on humans, and their use in drug delivery via various routes of administration. To guarantee solid state homogeneity in the NCs and its effect on treatment effectiveness, a number of procedures are used.

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Nanotechnology , nanocrystals, nanomedicine, development , production process.

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A pothole is one of the major reasons for road accidents and loss of mortal life and property. Potholes are imminent on roads and their presence compromises the security of both motorists and climbers. There's one death every 4 twinkles thanks to road accidents in India. One of the main reasons for these road accidents to be is poor road conditions in India. In numerous countries also as in pastoral areas, the drivable areas are neither well-defined nor well-maintained. It's a grueling task for the megacity to command across the megacity to check the condition of the roads. People constantly complain about bad roads but haven't any way to descry or report them at scale. To attack this problem, we'll be mounting a camera connected to a jeer pi, onto a vehicle. This camera goes to capture the image of the road in front of the vehicle. An onboard object discovery model is going to be run on the input images from the camera for detecting any road distortions like potholes, cracks, or routines. When the model detects any relatively of distortion on the road, the latitude and longitude of that position will be incontinently logged into an onboard or online database A GPStype module can be used to descry the lat long coordinates. This information can also be passed on to the communal authorities with proper visualizations on a 2D chart, which may be helpful for the construction workers to directly go to the position and do the necessary form workshop, which suggests workers can spend lower time chancing potholes and further time fixing them.

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Potholes, CNN, images, neural network, Roads, Classification

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In compared to its analogue predecessors, the digital IP video system offers a wide range of features and capabilities, but it still faces significant difficulties in the creation and implementation of intelligent and efficient systems. This initiative aims to satisfy the rising need for automated analysis and comprehension of human behaviour. The presentation of a real-time human activity identification system built on global feature extractions. The suggested method calculates an image's characteristics from video sequences. The goal is to combine local and global properties to create a powerful real-time recognition system. We utilise the UT Dataset, which includes the following actions: embracing, handshakes, kicking, punching, and pushing. Convolution neural networks (CNN) are used to instantly identify various human actions. Similar videos based on action recognized in input videos are retrieved from the dataset as output.

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Analysis, Action recognition, Machine learning, Camera Storage, Object detection.

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Security is a major issue in Automated Teller Machine (ATM). With the widespread utilization of electronic transactions, it is necessary to increase customers' recognition accuracy. Biometric systems can offer a secure mode of authentication to the customers. An Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) is an electronic machine which is used for accessing a bank account from anywhere without the help of bank staff. The user can perform several banking activities like cash withdrawal, money transfer, and print entry in a passbook with the help of an ATM. Since the number of crime related to ATMs has increased, the need to provide better security to ATMs has also increased. Some of the different technologies that are used to provide security to ATMs include - Biometric technology, RFID technology, etc. Biometric technology includes fingerprint and face recognition systems. In this paper, a survey of different technologies for ATM security is presented. There are some limitations to these technologies. By comparing various technologies, it is observed that fingerprint technology provides better security than other technologies. In this project, we used MatLab for face recognition. The 1st stage is face recognition. If face recognition is done successfully then RFID is activated. If they read the right string then they can get atm access otherwise the buzzer will go on. Nowadays the banking sector is one of the most important parts of a human's day-to-day life. Banking facilities are widely used by people for their economic activities.Due to the intermediary role of banks in the economy, they hold a unique locus across all sectors with prudent lending policies, environmental impact analysis, and efficient credit approval systems. The banks play a vital role in the lending process which is dispatched along with the credit risk, that is, when the borrower fails to repay the money borrowed and fails to satisfy the obligations, then the asset is said to be bad or Non-performing. A poor financial performance in an economy creates distress in the economic stability leading to an economic crisis. With the global initiatives undertaken, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) developed the Banking Stability Map and published the Financial Stability Report in 2010. It is measured using five dimensions of the Stability Map, which are, Soundness(s), Asset Quality (Q), Profitability (P), Liquidity (L), and Efficiency (E).With the deteriorating asset quality and the financial health of banking institutions, lack of adequate fund and pressure of capital regulation makes the balance of stability in the Indian banking sector a challenge.

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ATM, Bank, Face recognition, Block Diagram of atm and banking, OTP, PIN, privacy and identity

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For the most part, the picture upgrade method works on the visual nature of the inferior quality low-light pictures. It upholds further undeniable level PC vision errands to remove significant data from the caught pictures. Low-light pictures commonly experience the ill effects of two issues. To begin with, they have low perceivability (i.e., little pixel values). Second, commotion becomes huge and disturbs the picture content, because of low signal-to-noise proportion. Most existing low light picture upgrade strategies, be that as it may, gain from noise-negligible irrelevant datasets. Image enhancement is the most basic advances used to control a picture, so the outcome is more satisfactory than the first picture, with a pursue saving everything about, the field of digital image processing. With the popularity of PC visual innovation, advanced digital image processing ideas have been quickly utilized in numerous genuine applications for data gathering, for example, modern creations, clinical pictures, video observing, clever transportations, and so on. Notwithstanding, picture caught under low light has a few issues to such an extent that it might contains commotion, goes through variety bending and furthermore may goes through with some data misfortune. Again, industry like clinical and satellite we can't manage the cost of single data to be miss, for to the point that reason low light image enhancement is a must require idea for current arising world. Here in this paper, we examine various techniques for picture upgrade and their outcome, predominantly this paper centre around making a user interface to get a quick result of an input image to an enhanced image.

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Dark Image, Retinex, Single Scale Retinex, Multi Scale Retinex, Multi Scale Retinex with Colour Restoration, Gaussian blur, Log transformation, Enhanced Image.

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A huge amount of electrical power of many countries is consumed in lighting the streets. However, vehicles pass with very low rate in specific periods of time and parts of the streets are not occupied by vehicles over time. The system that automatically switches off the light for the parts of the street having no vehicles and turns on the light for these parts once there are some vehicles that are going to come. Logically, this system may save a large amount of the electrical power. In addition, it may increase the lifetime of the lamps. This system automatically controls and monitors the light of the streets. It can light only the parts that have vehicles and help on the maintenance of the lighting equipment's. Conventional street lighting system in areas with a low frequency of passerby are online most of the night without purpose. The consequence is that a large amount of power is wasted meaninglessly. The purpose of this work is to describe the intelligent street lighting (ISL) system, an approach to accomplish the demand for flexible public lighting system. The present system is like, the street lights will be switched on in the evening before the sun sets and they are switched off the next day morning after there is sufficient light on the roads. This System gives the best solution for electrical power wastage. Also, the manual operations of the lighting system are completely eliminated. In this project, sensor used are, light dependent Resistor (LDR) to indicate a day/night time and the photoelectric sensors to detect the movement on the street. Result show that the saved energy may reach up to 65% and an increase of the lifetime of the lamps of 53%. The used as brain to control the street light system

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IOT , Sensor , Street lights and Arduino

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India is a developing country. India's performance in booming sectors is mediocre, even after six decades of independence. Undoubtedly, almost twenty-five percent of its population lives in poverty and there is also the problem of unemployment. Weight loss is not only critical but also a permanent affliction in India. At the same time, there are untapped natural resources. Major problems are unemployment and poverty especially in rural areas due to unorganized sources of credit and fewer facilities provided to poor people. Finance plays a paramount role in unlike the economic activities run by the rural masses, due to the attribute that most of the rural people are very poor. The study was conducted to find out the factors that pave the way for microfinance for poor people in Vindhya Region. 300 respondents were interviewed informally through a structured questionnaire. The study revealed that most of the SHG members performed well and found participation in the SHG program beneficial. The performance of SHGs can be improved through training and awareness programs organized by NGOs and the government at the country level. Furthermore, in this paper, an effort is devoted to study the relationship between performance and personal and socioeconomic characteristics.

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Microfinance, Poverty, Unemployment, Financial Inclusion

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This paper describes the design of solar powered charging station for charging of electric vehicle describes design of solar powered charging station for charging of electric vehicle that solves the key downside of fuel and pollution. Electric vehicles have now hit the road worldwide and are slowly growing in numbers. Apart from environmental benefits electric vehicles have also proven helpful in reducing cost of travel by replacing fuel by electricity which is way cheaper. Well here we develop an EV charging system that solves with a unique innovative solution. This EV charging of vehicles without any wires, No need of stop for charging, vehicle charges while moving, Solar power for keeping the charging system going, No external power supply needed. The system makes use of a solar panel, battery, transformer, regulator circuitry, copper coils, AC to DC converter, atmega controller and LCD display to develop the system. The system demonstrates how electric vehicles can be charged while moving on the road, eliminating the need to stop for charging. Thus, the system demonstrates a solar powered wireless charging system for electric vehicles that can be integrated in the road.

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AT-mega controller, Servo Motor, LCD Display, Solar tracker, Vehicle Body.

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Abstract In the fast moving world people want to contact,collaborate,communicate,and share with each other.Now new media took this role and its functioning as a platform for their cultural interaction.The purpose of this study is to investigate whether this digital interaction lead to cultural innovasion or invasion.The pilot study was conducted and the data were collected using survey method. The result proved that the study is possible and probable.

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innovation,new media,social media,invasion,

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Modern civil engineering construction tends to progress towards more economic, design and construction of structures through, gradually improved methods of design and the use of higher strength materials. The application of polymer latex provides an additional approach when optimizing the properties of high- performance concrete thereby improving the plain concrete from porous to an impermeable structure by forming a lining of latex film across voids, pores and micro cracks. Optimum natural rubber latex in cement concrete is very effective in avoiding the chemical attacks on concrete by blocking the aggressive agents which attacks the cement paste. Since concrete is a significantly brittle material and exhibits a very poor tensile strength, it cracks Therefore, to sort out these issues, fibers are added to concrete to control the cracks and crack growth. The paper investigates the effect of Natural rubber latex, basalt and sisal fibres on the flexural behaviour and drying shrinkage of metakaolin added high- performance concrete. The results revealed that the drying shrinkage has decreased for Natural rubber latex specimens compared to control specimens by 38.14% and sisal fibres exhibited significant reduction in drying shrinkage over control specimens by about 47.44%. Also, the flexural load carrying capacity of natural rubber latex modified beam with metakaolin was increased by 3.54% whereas those with mono fibres showed an increased percentage of 8.55% and 15.47% with sisal and basalt respectively. Thus, Natural Rubber Latex modified fibre reinforced HPC enhances the flexural behaviour and also results in decreased drying shrinkage compared to control specimens.

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High- performance concrete, Natural rubber latex, metakaolin, drying shrinkage, basalt fibres, sisal fibres, flexural capacity

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Intellectual property rights are the rights given to persons over the creations of their minds. They usually give the creator an exclusive right over the use of his/her creation for a certain period of time. The world has transformed into a global village, as goods and services move seamless across borders. Companies and organisations are becoming more and more multinational, with production and research centres spread across many countries. What is the impact of globalisation on intellectual property rights, or IPR? The new global IPR system comes with both benefits and costs. Stronger IPRs protection should increase incentives for innovation and raise returns to international technology transfer. These all issues will be discussed in detail in this research paper.

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Intellectual property rights, Globalisation, Patent, Trademark, Copyright, Design.

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Solid waste management is a critical issue in India, especially in rural areas where waste management practices are often inadequate or non-existent. Poor waste management practices can result in a wide range of environmental and health problems, including pollution of land, water, and air, as well as the spread of diseases. This article focuses on the current state of waste collection in rural areas of Ananthapuramu district, including the types of garbage generated in these regions. The article also examines common errors that occur during waste collection in these areas and provides suggestions for improving the process. Overall, the article emphasizes the importance of proper waste management in rural areas and highlights the urgent need for effective solutions to address this issue

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Rural Solid Waste Management, Waste Collection, Community Participation, Limited Financial Resources, Environmental and Health Problem

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