Volume 12 | Issue 4

 Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) to the development of healthcare chatbots. This project presents an overview of the design, implementation, and impact of a healthcare chatbot designed to assist patients, healthcare professionals, and individuals seeking medical information. Healthcare chatbots offer numerous benefits, including 24/7 availability, personalized interactions, and quick responses to medical inquiries. These chatbots utilize machine learning algorithms to understand and process user inputs, offering tailored recommendations, symptom assessments, medication reminders, and general health information. The application of AI ensures that the chatbot continuously learns and improves its responses over time, enhancing its accuracy and effectiveness. Keywords--disesase, symptoms.

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disesase, symptoms

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With the use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, notably machine learning algorithms, breast cancer diagnosis has advanced significantly. This study examines many approaches used in the diagnosis of breast cancer, with a particular emphasis on the use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for the analysis of mammography pictures. To create strong artificial intelligence (AI) models that can recognize minute anomalies suggestive of breast cancer, a series of steps including data collecting, pre-processing, training, validation, and testing are required. Early diagnosis, increased accuracy, increased speed and efficiency, tailored medication, support for radiologists, resource optimization, ongoing learning, and easier access to healthcare are among the goals of using AI in breast cancer detection. Healthcare professionals may enhance patient outcomes by using AI-powered technologies to speed the interpretation process, customize treatment regimens, and allocate resources optimally.

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 Keywords

Breast Cancer, Unleashing , artificial intelligence ,detection

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Generating electricity from human footsteps using piezoelectric sensors is a promising way to produce sustainable energy. By embedding these sensors in high-traffic areas such as sidewalks and public spaces, they can capture the energy generated by people's footsteps and convert it into electrical power. While there are challenges to overcome, such as sensor durability and economic feasibility, recent advancements have made this technology increasingly viable. It has the potential to power streetlights, smart city sensors, and even charge mobile devices. Additionally, it can promote energy awareness and encourage physical activity. With further research and development, this approach could help address energy challenges and promote environmental sustainability in urban environments.

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Sensors, Energy, footsteps

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The main source of the pollution is Exhaust from automobiles and industries. Hence to reduce these pollutants from the Exhaust of Engines a new technology is introduced called Aqua silencer. The main components due to which air pollution is increasing are (Co), (NOx), and lead which are exposed from vehicles. The other sources such as big factories, electric power, generation plants, big industries, etc. Aqua silencer is one of the attempts taken to reduce air pollution. It is fitted to the exhaust pipe of the engine or system. These Silences are used to reduce the noise and control the emission of dangerous gases. In an aqua silencer the main component perforated tube which consists of several different diameter holes. Generally, these are 4 sets of holes on a perforated tube. The charcoal layer is pasted over that tube and it is used to convert high-mass bubbles to low-mass bubbles.

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Aqua Silencer, Noise reduction, Emission control, Environmental sustainability

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This system aims to develop a comprehensive blog website using the Django web framework, featuring crucial functionalities like user authentication, CRUD operations for managing blog posts, a commenting system, responsive design, and pagination. Leveraging technologies such as Python, Django, HTML/CSS, and SQLite, the project offers insights into web development practices. It facilitates secure user registration, login, and logout processes, along with enabling users to create, read, update, and delete their blog posts. A commenting system encourages user engagement, while responsive design ensures accessibility across devices. Pagination enhances navigation efficiency, particularly with large content volumes. Future enhancements may include search functionality, categories, social media integration, security fortifications, and performance optimizations, further enriching the user experience. Overall, the project provides practical experience in dynamic web application development with Django, empowering users to share ideas effectively while staying abreast of modern web technologies.

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User authentication, CRUD operations, Commenting system, Secure registration, Secure login, Secure logout, Search functionality

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This study introduces an innovative wireless charging system designed specifically for electric vehicles (EVs), integrating two receiver coils to overcome limitations inherent in traditional cable-based charging methods. By eliminating the need for physical connections, this novel technology enhances user convenience and simplifies the charging process. The system operates through two coils: one installed within the charging station (transmitter coil) and the other integrated into the EV (receiver coil). Through the induction of a magnetic field, the transmitter coil efficiently transfers energy to the receiver coil, enabling seamless charging. This abstract outlines the principles, advantages, and potential applications of the dual receiver coil wireless EV charging system, emphasizing its significant contribution to advancing electric vehicle technology and promoting sustainable transportation infrastructure.

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 Keywords

: Wireless electric vehicle charging , Inductive charging ,Receiver coils , Transmitter coils, Magnetic field , Energy transfer , Electric vehicles ,Sustainable transportation , Charging infrastructure , Convenience

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The Vision for a prosperous and Inclusive India in which the fruits of progress and development reach every corner can be ensured only when effort will be made for countryside people of India. The problem of financial resource allocation is the drawback found in developmental process. In the past, several financial assistances, schemes have been designed by the government for rural credit but these proves futile due to various complexities. The existing Rural Credit System has failed to put up the expectation and development of the poorer section of the society. Further, it is also seen in the rural areas that the formal banking sector also failed to fulfil the financial needs of the people especially the women and tribal people. Thus, the need of the hour is to have an effective credit delivery mechanism to ensure smooth allocation of financial resource in the best possible way and in a sustainable manner. The emergence of Micro-credit by the Microfinance Institution, banks provide financial assistance mainly in the rural and to the weaker section of the society. With their growing potentialities, the MFIs has proven that they are also among the key players in achieving Sustainable Development Goals for the rural people. In this paper, an attempt has been made to show the impact of Microfinance on rural development through Financial Inclusion in Odisha state - the home to third largest tribal population of India and a major rural homeland. The study analyses microfinance as a catalyst for financial inclusion by taking into consideration the household income, employment generation, saving pattern and financial inclusion practice of individuals before and after joining Self Help Group and availing micro-credit. This paper basically reliable on Secondary as well as Primary data. Secondary data is collected from various microfinance websites, Journals, Articles, Review Reports, thesis, Magazines, Newspapers, etc., while Sources of Primary Data includes Direct Interviews.

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Key Words - Microfinance, Micro-Credit, Self Help Group, Sustainable Development Goals

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The project "Pothole Detection in a Video" aims to address critical issue of the road maintenance and safety by leveraging computer vision techniques. Potholes pose a significant threat to both drivers and pedestrians, leading to accidents, vehicle damage, and increased road maintenance costs. The proposed system utilizes algorithms to detect automatically and locate potholes within video footage, providing a proactive solution for timely repairs and improved road safety. The alert will be given based on type of the vehicle, it ensures that whether the potholes damages the vehicle or not and then alerts the vehicle based on that. The project employs computer vision methods to analyze video frames, identifying the key features that are associated with potholes, such as shape, depth, and texture. Through systematic frame scanning, potential potholes are detected and their locations marked. To enhance accuracy, the system incorporates machine learning, allowing the algorithm to learn from a dataset of labeled pothole images, minimizing false positives and adapting to various road conditions. The significance of this project lies in their potential to contribute to smart city initiatives and transportation management systems, aiding in efficient maintenance of the road infrastructure. By automating the pothole detection process, the system facilitates quick response times for repairs, ultimately improving the overall quality and safety of road networks. This project provides an opportunity for to explore the intersection of computer vision, machine learning, and real-world applications, making a tangible impact on urban infrastructure challenges.

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 Keywords

Pothole detection, Image Processing, Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) , Computer Vision, Machine Learning.

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Out of School girls, Adolescent girls, Menstruation, Menstrual Hygiene Management

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Polyacrylic acid is an acrylic polymer. It is a synthetic polymer with a high molecular weight. Polyacrylic acid is synthesized using Free radical polymerization, using hydrogen peroxide as initiator as well as an oxidizing agent and ascorbic acid as reducing agent and with the monomer acrylic acid to give polyacrylic acid. It's like a free radical redox reaction. The characterization of Polyacrylic acid can be done through spectroscopic studies like Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ( FTIR) and UV spectroscopy. FTIR determines the functional group of polyacrylic acid and the UV analysis determines the metal present in the polymer. PAA can be used as thickening agents in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, paint additives, adhesives and sealant chemicals etc. PAA is a superabsorbent, non-toxic, non-irritating and biodegradable synthetic polymer.

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Keywords: Polymer, Molecular Weight, FTIR, Uv-Visible

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Diagnosing a mass in the left atrium can be difficult. The most frequent differential diagnoses are primary or metastatic tumors, vegetation, and thrombi. We report a case of a left atrium mass found in a 57-year-old man, with a history of a non-operable squamous cell lung cancer. The control chest scanner showed a defective opacification of the left atrium. The TTE revealed a dilated left atrium with the presence of a large atrial mass. Despite a considerable portion of the left atrium being occupied by the tumor, the patient maintained sinus rhythm and showed no symptoms. The cardiac MRI concluded to a large left atrial myxoma. The patient was subsequently transferred to the cardiovascular surgery department where he underwent resection of this mass and the anatomo- pathology confirmed the diagnosis of myxoma. The relevance and value of TTE for a precise diagnosis of cardiac myxoma, while cancer lung metastasis is highly suspected, is shown by our case.

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 Keywords

Left atrial mass, Cardiac myxoma, Primary cardiac tumor

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India is a country of diversity. India's varied culture, tradition, and linguistic character is unique and it is challenging to preserve and promote its socio-cultural and linguistic heritage in a constantly changing world. To preserve India's multilingual character various initiatives have been taken by the government. Policies have been made, but the implementation of those policies is a challenging task with the diverse needs of people belonging to different communities and speaking more than 121 languages. The present paper is an attempt to analyze content and language integrated learning approach (CLIL) as a pedagogical approach for language learning in the Indian context where English is considered as the second language and often used as a medium of instruction in education. Various research studies have proven the benefits of using CLIL in the classroom but there are challenges of implementing the same. There is a need to integrate language learning with content to enhance students' critical thinking skills with language proficiency. Equipping teachers with mastery in content knowledge as well as language proficiency, and the development of content materials enriched with inputs for language learning, there is a possibility to implement the CLIL approach in Indian classrooms to support English language learning while preserving the multilingual diversity of the nation.

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 Keywords

Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), Conten-Based Instruction (CBI), Multilingual Education, Medium of instruction, Second Language learning

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This study presents the integration of a buck converter (SLBC) and a super-lift to create a DC-DC multi- port converter. The proposed single-input dual-output (SIDO) converter generates a step-down voltage by the buck converter and a step-up voltage by the Luoconverter, both at the same time, with the advantages of conventional positive output voltage super-lift. This construction maintains a minimal output voltage ripple by not using electromagnetic components to provide a dual output. On the other hand, the recently launched SLBC offers a broad variety of output voltages with a straightforward construction and suitable control mechanism. Furthermore, a comparative analysis with other comparable setups is conducted in order to highlight the benefits of the suggested SIDO converter. Additionally, the findings of simulations and experiments show a significant decrease in conduction losses in comparison to previous SIDO converters in the identical circumstances. A 150W prototype is tested in the lab and many simulations using MATLAB software are used to verify the functioning correctness of the proposed Converter.

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DC-DC Converter,Single-Input Dual-Output Converter(SIDO),High Voltage gain.

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Transdermal drug delivery systems have gained significant attention due to their potential for controlled and sustained drug release. The bioadhesivity of transdermal patches, largely determined by the properties of bioadhesives, plays a crucial role in ensuring efficient drug delivery and patient comfort. This review provides a detailed examination of methods for measuring bioadhesivity in transdermal products. Ex vivo and in vitro techniques are discussed, including their principles, advantages, limitations, and applications. Additionally, standardization and validation of measurement protocols are addressed to ensure accurate and reliable assessment of bioadhesive performance. By synthesizing existing literature, this review aims to enhance our understanding of bioadhesivity measurement and facilitate the development of innovative transdermal drug delivery systems.

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 Keywords

: transdermal drug delivery, bioadhesivity, bioadhesives, measurement techniques, ex vivo methods, in vitro methods, standardization, validation

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Spam, often known as unsolicited email, has grown to be a major worry for every email user. Nowadays, it is quite challenging to filter spam emails since they are made, created, or written in such a unique way that anti-spam filters cannot recognize them. In order to predict or categorize emails as spam, this paper compares and reviews the performance metrics of a few categories of supervised machine learning techniques, including SVM (Support Vector Machine), Random Forest, Decision Tree, CNN, (Convolutional Neural Network), KNN(K Nearest Neighbor), MLP(Multi-Layer Perceptron), Adaboost (Adaptive Boosting), and Nave Bayes algorithm. The goal of this study is to analyze the specifics or content of the emails, discover a limited dataset, and create a classification model that can predict or categorize whether spam is present in an email. Transformers' Bidirectional Encoder Representations) has been optimized to perform the duty of separating spam emails from legitimate emails (HAM). To put the text's context into perspective, BERT uses attention layers. Results are contrasted with a baseline DNN (deep neural network) model that consists of two stacked Dense layers and a BiLSTM (bidirectional Long Short Term Memory) layer. Results are also contrasted with a group of traditional classifiers, including k-NN (k-nearest neighbours) and NB (Naive Bayes). The model is tested for robustness and persistence using two open-source data sets, one of which is utilized to train the model

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 Keywords

SPAM,HAM

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Language translation is an indispensable tool in today's interconnected world, facilitating communication and understanding across diverse cultures and languages. However, ensuring the originality and integrity of translated content remains a major challenge, especially in the context of plagiarism. This brief presents a new approach to language translation that prioritizes both originality and the ability to avoid plagiarism. Traditional translation methods often rely on verbatim or direct translation techniques, which can unintentionally lead to plagiarism or lack of originality. In contrast, the approach we propose emphasizes semantic understanding and creative adaptability to produce translations that are not only accurate but also distinctive and plagiarism-free.

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 Keywords

Language Translation, neural machine translation, Natural Language processing.

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Bringing up children is a challenging job to parents whether it be normal or differently abled. When a child is differently abled, the parents have to put on great effort to meet day to day challenges. This study is therefore an attempt to understand whether there is any difference in the life satisfaction and locus of control between parents of normal and differently abled children. The sample taken for this study were 54 parents which includes 33 parents of differently abled children and parents of 21 normal children from the state of Kerala through Purposive sampling. The scale used were Levesion's scale for Locus of Control, a 24 item scale and a 34 item Life satisfaction scale prepared by Promila Singh and George Joseph 1996). The obtained results were analysed using Independent Samples t-test and Pearson's Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation. From the study it is clear that there is no significant difference in life satisfaction among parents of differently abled and normal children. There is no significant difference between locus of control among parents of differently abled children. There is no significant difference in life satisfaction among parents of differently abled and normal children. There is no significant difference between locus of control among parents of differently abled and normal children.

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 Keywords

Life satisfaction, Locus of Control, Differently abled children

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India is democratic country. India practices the federal democratic political system since independence. Federalism is a kind of political system in which constitutional powers of nations are distributed between union (Centre) and units (states). Centre and State are autonomous and have independence in their respective areas. In the Indian Constitution, powers are distributed through three lists. However, parties and their politics significantly push for the shifts in Federal structure also. Parties contest elections and formulate policies after assuming political power for the betterment of society. Indian National Congress was the single dominant party for two decades after independence. Gradually, regional political parties started evolving in the political system in India. The rise of regional parties resulted into coalition politics in India. However, the nature of party system again turned to one party dominant system when Bhartiya Janata Party came into power in the year of 2014. Therefore, given the different working style of the parties in government, federalism has undergone through various changes as per the shifts in the political parties in power. In the year of 2014, political leadership changed in India and the government of the day advocated for the cooperative and competitive federalism by projecting various changes to the system to enhance the cooperation and autonomy among states. Although the Hon'ble Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi has taken various steps to transform Indian federalism, Steps taken could not abstain themselves from harsh criticism. This symbolizes the party politics impacting the change in the nature of federal politics also. The objective of this paper is to study and explore the impact of party politics on India's federal practices. This paper will identify the established federal practices before Modi era and subsequently the changes in federal politics in India. This paper will also focus on exploring the factors that pushing the government in bringing shifts in the federal principles.

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Indian Federalism, Centre, State, Party system

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This study is an attempt to understand the representation of transgender in the ancient Indian text. These genders are recognised as 'Third Gender' in Hindu mythology in India. Transgender had their presence in ancient texts in various forms. Hindu community worshipped these Hindu deities associated with gender diversity, such as Ardhanarisvara (the androgynous form of Shiva and his consort Parvati) and many more. The study focuses on understanding how the transgenders were represented and their portrayal in Hindu mythology. The study aims to understand how the concept existed in the ancient times and to study different roles played by transgenders in Hindu mythology. The study is based on qualitative research. The data for the study will be collected through secondary sources such as books, journals, articles, and videos, etc.

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 Keywords

Transgender, Third gender, Hindu, Mythology, India

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Sign language is a visual language that uses hand gestures to convey meaning, primarily used by the deaf and hearing-impaired community. Sign language recognition systems aim to bridge the communication gap between individuals who use sign language and the wider hearing population by translating sign language gestures into written or spoken language. Existing systems rely on a range of techniques including computer vision, machine learning models such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), and traditional methods like support vector machines (SVMs). However, these existing models face limitations in recognizing a broad vocabulary and complex grammatical structures of sign languages, often leading to ambiguity and misinterpretation. The proposed system addresses these challenges by expanding the model to include more signs, resulting in a more effective framework for real-time applications. By integrating advanced computer vision techniques and machine learning algorithms, the system can recognize hand gestures based on features such as orientation, centroid, and finger positions. Leveraging a comprehensive dataset for diverse signing styles enhances generalization and fosters more effective communication for individuals with hearing impairments.

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 Keywords

Sign Language, Gesture Recognition, SVM, Random Forest, Machine Learning.

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