Volume 8 | Issue 4

 Abstract

The naive Bayes classifier greatly simplify learning by assuming that features are independent given class. Although independence is generally a poor assumption, in practice naive Bayes often competes well with more sophisticated classifiers. Our broad goal is to understand the data characteristics which affect the performance of naive Bayes. Our approach uses Monte Carlo simulations that allow a systematic study of classification accuracy for several classes of randomly generated problems. We analyze the impact of the distribution entropy on the classification error, showing that low-entropy feature distributions yield good performance of naive Bayes. We also demonstrate that naive Bayes works well for certain nearlyfunctional feature dependencies, thus reaching its best performance in two opposite cases: completely independent features (as expected) and functionally dependent features (which is surprising). Another surprising result is that the accuracy of naive Bayes is not directly correlated with the degree of feature dependencies measured as the classconditional mutual information between the features. Instead, a better predictor of naive Bayes accuracy is the amount of information about the class that is lost because of the independence assumption.

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 Keywords

classifier, noise, entropy

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The present literature of queueing theory is restricted to the �only� queue to a service counter.It does not focus on the queues formed when the service counter has no service to offer to the customers after some time. Moreover the services are such that they can be surrendered to the service counter by the customers after using it for some finite period of time. Here queueing systems have two different queues namely a �primary queue� and a �secondary queue�. The existence of secondary queue is possible only when service counter has limited service and the system has a characteristic of �Service surrender facility�. This paper contains analysis of secondary queues where a model with finite range of service holding time and incomplete range ( truncation at both the ends) of probability of service surrender is considered. The expected waiting time of a customer in the entire queueing system and service wastage rate are derived in this paper.

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Secondary queues, Service holding time, Service surrender, Service wastage.

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The aim of this project is to replace cement with ceramic waste in paver block and to reduce the cost of paver block when compared to that of conventional concrete paver block. In recent constructions, consumption of ceramic materials is increasing day by day in the form of tiles, sanitary fittings and electrical insulations etc. But a large quantity of ceramic waste material is changes into wastage during processing, transportation and fixation due to its brittle nature. In this study, the ordinary Portland cement (opc) has been replaced by crushed ceramic tile by various percentages such as 10%, 20%, and 30%. Paver blocks were casted, tested and compared with conventional blocks by finding their Compressive and flexural strength through experimental investigation. The test was carried out to evaluate hardened properties of paver block. This project proves that the waste produced in tile industry can be used as partial replacement of cement in paver block.

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 Keywords

Ceramic Waste, Compressive Strength, Paver Block

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This examination has been attempted to explore the physical and chemical properties of the IRGM protein in various organisms.The capacity of the protein is firmly related with its subcellular location.With the achievement of the human genome project and fast increment in number of recently discovered protein sequences going into the information banks,It is profoundly attractive to build up a robotized technique for foreseeing subcellular area of the proteins.The foundation of such an indicator will no uncertainty facilitate the usefulness assurance of recently discovered proteins and procedure of organizing qualities and proteins recognized by genomic endeavors as potential atomic focuses for drug design.Based on the idea of the pseudo aminoacid and by studying the properties of the proteins of the pseudo genes,the digital signal processing approach is used to incorporate sequence order effect.One of the wonderful merits in doing so is that many existing instruments in arithmetic and designing can direct utilized in the protein sub cell location.The results consequently acquired are very encouraging.Its is foreseen that the advanced sign preparing may fill in as helpful vehicle for some other protein science zones as well.Our study plans to explore broadly the machine learning based methods to anticipate protein properties to offer a general just as point by point understanding for specialists in the field.Some of the models present adequate expectation exhibitions and advantageous client interfaces.These models can be considered as important devices to anticipate protein properties results before performing genuine research center experiments,thus saving labour,time and cost. In the table named�REQUIRED SOFTWARE PACKAGES�we are providing all required software packages for studying the protein properties in an advanced manner.But for this study we have used limited softwares for studying the advanced protein properties of IRGM gene and remaining software approaches we have used as an instance for creating protein prediction tool to study advanced protein properties.Along with this we also written a code for data base driven application to store the data ,manage,retrieve,update in future.

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 Keywords

IRGM Protein,Functionality,Digital signaling,Data base driven application,Sub cellular location

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The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of Foreign Institutional Investments on Mutual Funds in India. This paper will examine both, positive and negative impacts of FIIs and how investors would be able to gain confidence while investing in Mutual Funds. The aspect of this research is mainly the probable impact of the FII�s on the mutual fund movements and to find the correlation between mutual fund investments and the foreign institutional investments.

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Foreign Institutional Investments, Indian Mutual Funds

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Thanjavur district is primarily an agricultural area enclosed with irrigation system of the Cauvery in Tamil Nadu. But during the monsoon period flooding has been disrupted the areas and directely effected the soil erosion in those areas. The flood hazard assessment is one of the important task to understand the soil erosion of the area due to natural hazards. In this context, the present study to assess flood hazard prone areas using FIGUSED method adopted with remote sensing data and GIS technology. In FIGUSED method, seven parameters has been used such as flow accumulation, distance from the drainage network, elevation, land use, rainfall intensity and geology. The relative importance of each parameter for the occurrence and severity of flood has been connected to weight values. These values are calculated following a normalized weight parameter rating method. According to their weight values, information of the different parameters is superimposed, resulting to flood hazard mapping. The Flood Hazard Index (FHI) has been defined and a spatial analysis in a GIS environment has been applied for the estimation of its value. The historical flood events, accuracy and sensitivity analysis not examined in this study and it is only understand the flood hazard area. The study revealed that about 12% of the area falls under very high flood hazard and 26% high to moderate flood hazard zones and indicates that immediate attention have to be taken and protect the agricultural lands for the sustainable development of those areas.

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 Keywords

Normalized weight, flood prone area, GIS analysis, flood hazard area, South India

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In past period the crop breeding has been performed by using the genetic variability using conventional method. But now a days such techniques are insufficient for production of new cultivars to fulfil increased food demand. In such condition induced mutation technique which is new and supplementary tool used for evolving improved mutants with desirable agronomic characters. Some desirable mutants will be used directly in selection or beneficial in breeding programme. In the present investigation lima bean seeds were mutagenized with different doses of gamma rays (GR) ranging from 200, 300 and 400Gy, varying concentration of ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4% and Sodium azide (SA) 0.02, 0.03 and 0.04%. Variations in the germination of seeds, seedling height, seedling injury, pollen fertility and survival of plant at maturity of lima bean were recorded in M1 generation. The effects of the mutagenic treatments on quantitative traits resulting in reduction in traits such as seed germination except 200Gy (93.11%), seedling height except 200Gy (13.15cm) and 0.02%SA (13.48cm) and survival of plant at maturity but increases seedling injury except 200Gy (-1.31%) and 0.02%SA (-3.85%), and pollen sterility was observed in treated M1 generated plants.

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Genetic variability, mutagens, lima bean, seedling injury, pollen sterility

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Fish species diversity in Thamirabarani River was investigated from May-October 2018. Ten species belonging to 7 families (Channidae, Anchariidae, Lepisosteidae, Cyprinidae, Anguillidae, Cichlidae and Lesbiasinidae) were identified. The results indicated that in Pottal and Vannarpettai sites were more fish species. Melapalayam and Cheranmahadevi sites were less fish species. Because these two sites were highly polluted. Industrial waste water entering into water body represent a heavy source of environmental pollution in Thamirabarani River. It affects the aquatic fauna. With competing demands on limited water resources, awareness of the issues involved in water pollution, has led to considerable public debate about the environmental effects of industrial sewages discharged into aquatic environments. The present study deals with the fish species diversity .It was concluded that the samples of river water was highly polluted mostly associated with industrial sewage discharge and affect the fish species diversity.

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Thamirabarani River, Fish Diversity, Environment, Sewage, Aquatic fauna.

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The 19th century is wonder for India as a new wave of change penetrated in the eco-political and socio-cultural field of India. The direct rule of the imperialist British gave birth to a middle class in India. This middle alias elite class imbibed by the spirit of western thought and ideology began to criticize the feudalistic and traditional system of India and thus, gave birth to renaissance and reformation movement in their societies. This is already treaded subject, despite that, an attempt is made to retread on it with a new and different look especially in Assam of colonial period. ]

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Genesis of elites & middle class in India with special reference to Assam: A review on the erstwhile study of colonial period

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This paper deals with the planning, analyzing and designing of existing salem junction railway station to smart railway station. In this project we are planning and analyzing the smart railway station to provide facilities for 80,000 passengers travelling by boarding train on an average day, for the elimination of conflicts between thepassengers for the basic needs. The building has three floors, a subway and parking facilities are provided. The plinth area of each floor is 24800 ft2.There are five platforms in it. Each platform has a width of 75ft. The platforms are planned to satisfy the needs of all kinds of passengers with all provisions to their satisfactions as per the guidelines of the INDIAN RAILWAYS rules and regulations. In this project the plan is such that natural lightning and ventilation to the people along with their space requirement when they wait to board on trains. Analysis and design of structural components are done using Staad Pro software. In this project the initial dimensions are assumed as per Indian Railway codes and IS code provision. The Loads are assumed as per IS 875 and design is as per as IS 456. From the first trial the section is revised as per the requirements. Design of elements is carried out by hand computation to revise the reinforcement details. The Plan, Section, Elevation are presented using Auto Cad. Reinforcement details of , Column, Beam and Slab are also presented.

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, section, elevation andStaad. Pro

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This paper seeks to analyse the dividend payout trends and discover the factors affecting dividend policy in chosen companies from the Indian Auto Industry. While examining the dividend policy of the chosen companies, the Dividend Payout Ratio has been used as the indicator of the dividend policy adopted by the companies under study. The current study measures the influence of various factors such as current ratio, Profitability, operating cash flow per share, Corporate Tax, Debt to Equity Ratio, Firm Size, earning volatility, Tangibility and Earning Volatility on the Dividend Payout Ratio. Regression analysis indicated that operating cash flow per share, Corporate Tax, debt to equity ratio, firm size, and tangibility have positive significant influence with dividend payout ratio while profitability, current ratio, and Growth have negative significant influence.

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Dividend Payout Ratio, current ratio, Profitability, operating cash flow, Corporate Tax, Debt to Equity ratio, Firm Size, Growth, Tangibility, Earning Volatility

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The presents research study is about the seismic analysis and comparison of G+12 storey high RC building with shear-wall combine with x bracings and compared it with the structure by providing the cross bracing at different location of building. The skyscraper is of square geometry of size 25m x 25m with five numbers of bay on each horizontal direction having 5m length of each bay. The proposed type of frame model of the structure used is the special RC moment resisting frame. For conducting the research analysis response spectrum analysis technique which is a linear dynamic analysis is used. The analysis are conducted by the help of Staad.pro series 5 v8i software program. In this study shear-wall combination with cross bracing systems are used to understand seismic responses of the proposed structure. All the structure are compared on the basis of results obtained in terms of base shear, and maximum storey displacement results are compared.

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Response spectrum analysis, dynamic analysis, earthquake evaluation, Story displacement, comparative analysis, Staad.Pro

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 Abstract

E-distribution system of Health-care records secure cloud store for all types of medical records. It allows patients to keep in mind all health statistics from all suppliers worldwide in one region. It enables carrier companies to safely store health statistics across the block chain and to look at an injured person's precious condition without problems. All transactions are secured by encryption and stored as blocks to be authenticated on a network of computers, preferably on a centralized server. In addition, use smart contracts in the proposed gadget to accompany and save all associated clinical documents related to each transaction with a date stamp. This allows the authenticity of each file to be verified, which will be detected if it has been changed with the resources of any man or woman. Thus, the proposed system brings beforehand the use of the block chain era to a comfortable, comfortable, green and true clinical reporting control machine.

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healthcare, blockchain

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Social network sites involve billions of users around the world wide. User interactions with these social sites, like twitter have a tremendous and occasionally undesirable impact implications for daily life. The major social networking sites have become a target platform for spammers to disperse a large amount of irrelevant and harmful information. Twitter, it has become one of the most extravagant platforms of all time and, most popular microblogging services which is generally used to share unreasonable amount of spam. Fake users send unwanted tweets to users to promote services or websites that do not only affect legitimate users, but also interrupt resource consumption. Furthermore, the possibility of expanding invalid information to users through false identities has increased, resulting in malicious content. Recently, the detection of spammers and the identification of fake users and fake tweets on Twitter has become an important area of research in online social networks (OSN). In this Paper, proposed the techniques used to detect spammers on Twitter. In addition, a taxonomy of Twitter spam detection approaches is presented which classifies techniques based on their ability to detect false content, URL-based, spam on trending issues. Twelve to Nineteen different features, including six recently defined functions and two redefined functions, identified to learn two machine supervised learning classifiers, in a real time data set that distinguish users and spammers.

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 Keywords

Classification, Social Network Security,Intrusion,Spam Detection, Machine learning

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 Abstract

In speaker Identification systems both parametric and nonparametric probability modeling is used. The Gaussian model is the basic parametric model that is used and this model is the basis of other sophisticated and it can be performed in a completely text independent situation. However, it sounds efficient to speaker identification application, but it results long time processing in practice. In this paper, we propose a decision function by using vector quantization (VQ) techniques to decrease the training model for GMM in order to reduce the processing time. In our proposed modeling, we take the superiority of VQ, which is simplicity computation to distinguish between male and female speaker. Then, GMM is applied into the subgroup of speaker to get the accuracy rates. Experimental result shows that our hybrid VQ/GMM method always yielded better improvements in accuracy and bring reduce in time processing. All the experiments have been done in both direct recording speech and mobile phone speech signals.

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Key Words: MFCC, GMM, VQ, Cepstrum, LBG Algorithm

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The experimental investigation is to know the behavior of rice husk cement partition board reinforced with Sisal Fiber which is effective in both cost and stability. Nowadays the major problems faced by the world is global warming. The use of such boards could be seen as partially solving the problem of global warming and the problem of pollution associated with the disposal of rice husks in developing countries. Instead of that need alternative material for without affecting the environment. In our investigation an attempt made to partial replacement of cement by rice husk and sisal fiber used to improve the strength of board. Results indicate that water absorption and thickness swelling decreased with an increase in fiber content and that there is an optimum rice husk / cement ratio and fiber content that gives maximum flexural strength and that such boards could be used in low cost housing construction. This study has deals with the ultimate strength of rice husk cement partition board reinforced with sisal fiber and influence of fiber content in board at various proportions of sisal fiber has been find out by conducting Compressive strength, Flexural strength, Water absorption tests, Drilling characteristics and Drop-down characteristics.

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Rice husk, Sisal fiber, Cement, Calcium chloride

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BACKGROUND: Neck circumference (NC) measurement is one of the simple screening measurements which can be used as an index of obesity. NC is a marker of upper body subcutaneous adipose tissue distribution. AIM: To correlate the neck circumference with body mass index and waist circumference and to determine the optimal cutoff value for neck circumference that define overweight/obesity. METHODS: Ethical approval has been obtained from Institutional Ethical Committee. The study comprised 100 medical students, aged 18-20 years. Anthropometric markers of obesity were measured, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (W-H ratio) and compared with neck circumference (NC) of the same subject. Pearson�s correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the associations of NC with BMI and WC. The optimal cutoff value for NC to identify overweight/obesity was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS: The mean BMI (kg/m2) and WC (cm) were 22.38� 3.94 & 74.88�6.28 in boys and 21.17 �3.39 & 77.13 � 7.73 in girls, respectively. Mean NC (cm) in boys and girls were 31.37�1.88 and 31.61 � 1.88, respectively. There was no significant difference between genders for BMI, WC and NC. NC had a positive correlation with WC (r=0.67; p=0.000) and BMI (r=0.4, p=0.03) in boys as well as in girls (WC: r= 0.60, p=0.000, BMI: r=0.73, p=0.000). At BMI of 25 kg/m2 (overweight) and 30 kg/m2(obesity), boys had NC of 34cm & 35cm and WC of 81cm & 86cm compared to girls who had NC of 33cm & 34cm and WC of 84 & 94cm, respectively.

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Body Mass Index, Neck Circumference, Obesity, Waist Circumference.

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In Vietnam, the auditing profession was only born in about over 20 years and rapidly it became growing. In this overview, we highly reviewed techniques used for collecting audit evidences in financial audits, which is implemented by auditing companies including state, internal and independent audit firms. These techniques have been successfully applied in audit practices in many cases in Vietnam, but there is some limitation, which is necessary to be adjusted to some extent. In this overview, we also gave some recommendations for companies as well as audit industry to make use of in practices.

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auditing, techniques, procedure, financial

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Floating school boats are one of the main means of getting primary education for the children of the Haor region in Bangladesh. However, the fundamental promise of a floating school boat is to provide free and accessible primary education to these severely flooded areas of Bangladesh. The purpose of this article is to find out the problems which are faced by the children of the waterlogged region of Bangladesh to get their elementary education. This study also explores that the contributions and initiates of one NGO are not enough to provide primary education for the children of this area. One the other hand, no significant initiative has been taken by the government of Bangladesh to educate them. So, the government of Bangladesh should take some reasonable steps to educate the children of this haor region. Currently, the Floating school boat education is a blessing for the children of these haor areas. This education system needs further improvement and progress by increasing the amount of floating school boats and drawing government attention as well as the proper distribution of the national budget.

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Primary Education, Floating School Boat, Haor Areas, and Bangladesh

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This research worked is proposed for the Corona Virus COVID-19, the Core Area of this research is to study of Radiological results of the patient CoVID-19 in Pakistan and China, the CoVID-19 is Spreading very fast from person to person, this virus is a silent like a cold Bio-War and it were started from the Wuhan City of China. This virus has affected cases are 1,857,115 and deaths people are 144,332.we have research out that the previous virus is more dangers for the human that cause to death, but the CoVID-19 is not as much as danger for the death, it spread very fast from person to person, So we have study about X-rays image results show that COID-19 effect the human lunges and this virus attack on the lungs and human respiratory system, where it distress the respiratory system and its goes to down where patient can lost their life. From the x-rays images we have found that after the COVID-19 attacked on human its lungs system is completely damages and lungs are filed of water instead of the air. Human lungs properly not work to take the breath from nature they need to take the ventilator for the breathing.

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 Keywords

Key Words: Coronavirus, Pandemic, X-ray Images, Virus Evolution, Lunges.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition