Volume 12 | Issue 4

 Abstract

In today's digital world, when sensitive data is frequently in danger of being read by unauthorized parties, secure file storage is a crucial concern. Hybrid cryptography, which combines the advantages of many encryption methods in both a vertical and horizontal way, is one approach to solving this issue. In hybrid cryptography, the original symmetric key is encrypted using a different symmetric key while the real data is encrypted using a different symmetric key. This permits the data to be encrypted and decrypted quickly and effectively, while also adding the extra protection of several encryption methods for authentication. Organizations may guarantee the safe storage of their critical data while utilizing hybrid cryptography, shielding it from illegal access and any data breaches.

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 Keywords

Hybrid Cryptography, Symmetric Encryption, Cipher Block Chaining, Data Security, Data Protection, Information Security, Cryptographic Techniques, Cloud.

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 Abstract

To protect privacy, users prefer to store encrypted data on cloud servers. Cloud servers reduce storage costs and network bandwidth by eliminating duplicate copies. To solve the problem of possible internal information flow, the concept of cluster deviation was proposed for the first time. We improve the DBSCAN algorithm to tolerate cluster change. The data duplication model is built on a new algorithm that treats users as instances of clusters. Instead of immediately regrouping new users, certain deviations are allowed when assigning users to existing categories. We determine the popularity of data based on user grouping results and use different encryption methods to protect the security of unpopular data more effectively. The performance of the algorithm is analyzed and compared with experiments with other methods, and the results confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed duplication method.

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Text Recognition, Character Recognition, Document Image Analysis.

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Currently, numerous types of cybercrime are organized through the internet. Hence, this study mainly focuses on phishing attacks. Although phishing was first used in 1996, it hasbecome the most severe and dangerous cybercrime on the internet. Phishing utilizes email distortion as its underlying mechanism for tricky correspondences, followed by mock sites, to obtain the required data from people in question. Different studies have presentedtheir work on the precaution, identification, and knowledge of phishing attacks; however, there is currently no complete and proper solution for frustrating them. The proposed project is based on the phishing URL-based dataset extracted from the famous dataset repository, Which contains phishing and legal URL features collected from 11000+ website datasets in vector form. After preprocessing, several machine learning algorithms are implemented and designed to block phishing URLs and provide security to the user. This project uses machine learning models like Decision Tree (DT), Linear Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), Naive Bayes (NB), Gradiant Boosting Classifier (GBM), K-Neighbors Classifier (KNN), Support Vector Classifier. Does. (SVC), and the proposed hybrid LSD model, which is a combination of logistic regression, support vector machine and decision tree (LR + SVC + DT) with soft and hard voting to protect against phishing attacks with high accuracy and efficiency.

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 Keywords

Voting classifier,Ensemble classifier,Machine learning,Uniform Resource Locator(URL),Logistic Regression,Support Vector Machine,and Decision Tree(LST),Protocol,Cyber security,Social networks

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This examination paper approaches the strategies involved with fostering a portable mobile application pointed toward advancing psychological well-being mindfulness and offering help to clients for standing up mental health wellness challenges. The paper examines the plan contemplations, elements, and usefulness of the application, as well as the execution cycle. Moreover, the paper inspects the viability of the application in accomplishing it. In addition the paper examines potential areas for development.

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Mental Health, Physiological Health, Fitness, Wellness, Wellbeing

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As research introduces a novel decentralized e-Government architecture fortified with threat detection capabilities to tackle security and privacy issues prevalent in centralized systems. By harnessing Blockchain's encryption and validation mechanisms, the proposed framework ensures stringent privacy and security measures. Integrating an artificial immune system further bolsters the system's resilience against potential threats to Blockchain integrity. Validation conducted via the eVIBES simulator using publicly available datasets affirms the framework's efficacy in mitigating both insider and external threats while upholding data privacy standards. This decentralized approach not only addresses vulnerabilities inherent in traditional e-Government systems but also demonstrates marked improvements in security measures and a resilient privacy framework, essential for optimizing service delivery in the digital governance domain. Additionally, to bolster accuracy, we have implemented the XGBOOST algorithm with genetic algorithm features, leveraging its ensemble approach to refine model performance and enhance accuracy.

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Blockchain, E-Government

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India is expected to overtake China as the world's most populous country between 2023 and 2050. India has seen tremendous urban progress since liberalization in 1991. As a result, more and more people migrated to cities in search of jobs and income. This lead to a shift from agriculture and manufacturing to the service sector. This shift has resulted in a decline in formal employment opportunities, pushing more people into the informal sector. People with lesser qualification find more opportunities in the informal sector. This lowers poverty though it is low paying and workers may face exclusion and marginalization. People in the informal sector are vulnerable due to lack of formal systems / bureaucratic systems. This was visible during the pandemic when many employers and employees in the informal sector were suddenly without any source of income or protection. Since it is unorganized tax evasion, is a challenge faced by the Indian government. So the objective of the study was to understand the income earning patterns in the informal sector, the level of education of people in the informal sector as also gender dynamics of the informal sector. A sample of 259 informal sector entrepreneurs were interviewed and the random sampling method was utilized for selecting the sample. It was observed that a huge gender gap was prevailing in the sector along with a large number of educated citizens being a part of this ecosystem. The data showed that the number of people employed in businesses like street food, groceries and agriculture are among the highest. But the income earned through street food business and agriculture is among the lowest. Many businesses in the informal sector have also started using UPI enabled digital transactions, which leave a traceable electronic trail which makes it more difficult for informal businesses to hide their income and evade taxes, as transactions are recorded and can be monitored by tax authorities. Still there is enormous scope to study the challenges faced by people in the informal sector and how they can be initiated into the formal sector thereby helping to establish the economic balance in the country.

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 Keywords

Informal Sector, Unorganized Sector, Tax Evasion, Covid-19

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This study concentrates on the livestock farming in India in relationship with sustainable development. Livestock farming plays a crucial role in the overall development of the economy as it adds huge money to the state exchequer, but on the other hand there is always a threat to all the stake holders of the environment. Livestock farming contributes to the environmental disaster to a large extent which causes an irreparable damage to the environment.

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Livestock, farming, sustainable development etc.

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Employee turnover is a critical concern for organizations across industries, impacting productivity, morale, and ultimately, the bottom line. This report investigates the relationship between employee evolution and turnover rates within organizations. Employee evolution encompasses factors such as skill development, career advancement opportunities, and organizational culture. The report begins by examining the theoretical framework surrounding employee evolution and turnover, drawing on established models and empirical research. It then delves into various dimensions of employee evolution, including training programs, leadership development initiatives, and the fostering of a supportive work environment. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and case studies, the report identifies key drivers and inhibitors of employee evolution and their subsequent impact on turnover rates. Additionally, it explores the role of technology and remote work in shaping employee evolution and retention strategies in the modern workplace. Furthermore, the report analyzes the implications of demographic shifts, such as the influx of millennials and Generation Z into the workforce, on employee expectations and organizational dynamics. It also considers the influence of external factors, such as economic conditions and industry trends, on turnover rates. Finally, the report offers practical recommendations for organizations seeking to optimize their employee evolution strategies to mitigate turnover and foster a more engaged and loyal workforce. These recommendations encompass areas such as talent development programs, performance management systems, and the cultivation of a positive organizational culture conducive to growth and retention. By understanding the nuanced interplay between employee evolution and turnover, organizations can proactively address retention challenges and cultivate a workforce that is resilient, adaptive, and committed to achieving shared goals.

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"Effect of Employee Evolution on Organization Turnover Rates"

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The use of artificial intelligence (AI) technology is spreading throughout many facets of daily life. Even though it is not yet widely used, the healthcare sector is concerned about it. The usage of AI technology in their daily work, whether directly through its application or indirectly through related medical fields like radiology, pathology, and respiratory medicine, is something that thoracic surgeons should be aware of. This article aims to examine the uses of AI in thoracic surgery and to talk about the boundaries of its use in the EU. Clinical routes will be used to build key parts of AI, starting with lung cancer diagnostics, moving on to a prognostic-aided decision-making program, robotic surgery, and concluding with the limitations of AI. This research paper explores the transformative integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in thoracic surgery, a field where precision and decision-making are paramount. It delves into the current state of AI applications in thoracic procedures, highlighting advancements in diagnostic imaging, surgical robotics, and postoperative care. The paper also projects future developments, envisioning AI's potential in enhancing surgical accuracy, patient-specific treatment, and predictive health analytics. Key challenges, including ethical considerations, data security, and algorithmic reliability, are critically examined. Through a comprehensive analysis, this paper underscores AI's role in revolutionizing thoracic surgery, offering insights into a future where technology augments human expertise to improve patient outcomes.

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Robotic-Assisted Thoracic Surgery, AI-Powered Diagnostic Imaging, Predictive Analytics in Surgery, Postoperative AI Monitoring, Ethical Considerations of AI in Healthcare

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Medicinal plants (herbs) are plants that are known to have certain compounds that are nutritious for health. Each part of the medicinal plant is believed to have various properties to prevent, diverse or even cure a certain disease. In Indonesia there are 30,000 types of plants and 7000 of them are classified as medicinal plants (herbs)[1]. In addition to the many presence of these medicinal plants, the use of medicinal plants is also considered to be safer because it has natural ingredients compared to chemical medicine. To find out the content of medicinal plants can be done by phytochemical screening methods, so it can be known active compounds that are in certain plants that can be useful as a madicine[2]. The human body is complex and organic, while chemical medicines contain chemicals that are inorganic and pure. Therefore, chemical medicine are considered not suitable for consumption by the human body, which if consumed continuously can even be bad for human health. However, some chemical drugs are actually symptomatic (temporary) so they must be taken for life by patients with certain diseases[3]. The number of medicinal plants is still not balanced with the public's knowledge about the medicinal plants themselves, so many people prefer chemical medicines because they are considered more practical and easy to obtain.

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Image of medicinal plant leaves, Deep Learning, Convolutional Neural Network and V3 Algorithm, Medicine.

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The Right to Information Act (RTI), 2005, enacted by the Parliament of India, marked a significant milestone in the country's governance framework by empowering citizens to access information from public authorities. This paper provides a thorough examination of the evolution of the RTI Act since its inception, tracing its legislative journey, landmark cases, and amendments. Furthermore, it explores the Act's impact on transparency, accountability, and democratic governance. Additionally, this paper analyses the latest updates and amendments to the RTI Act, highlighting their implications and potential future directions.

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Right to information act

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A herbal soap was formulated using the leaf extract of Tulsi, and Neem, Alovera, Turmeric powder. Ayurvedic cosmetic are also known as the herbal cosmetic the natural content in the herbs does not have any side effect on the human body most herbal supplement are based on several botanical ingredients with long histories of traditional or folk medicine usage. Numerous chemical toxins microorganism present in the atmosphere may cause chemical infection and damage to skin cosmetic alone are not sufficient to take care of skin and body parts. Tulsi is broad spectrum antibacterial activity, tulsi has proved to be highly effective in protecting our body from various infections and disease of the liver, skin, kidney, etc. Herbal soap of tulsi preparation is medicine or drugs it contain Antibacterial and Antifungal agent. Soap properties have been used to treat various skin disorders. Species of streptococcus and staphylococcus aureus are the most common types of fungus that cause skin infections [2]. This wonder herb is used to test acne, skin infections , lighten dark spots , pimples and improve skin texture. The leaves of the Tulsi plant are believed to possess healing properties and are often used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat various ailments and illnesses. Well known for its anti- acne benefits, tulsi can help reduce, heal and fade appearance of acne, pimples and blemishes on the skin.

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This research is all about the impact of GST on hotel industries in Bangalore. This Study has increased our research topic about the Taxation software and working of the hotel sector. It has offered us as a perspective into any of the largest hospitality enterprises when we were able to better understand the net sum of the metadata of their production and life strategies know about the current entire globe economic contraction set of circumstances. GST is a various taxes used throughout India on the amended act. It has supplanted almost all the taxes. It is a holistic, multiphase, destination-based stamp duty. Merchandise and offerings are split into 5 special tax bricks for archive: 0%, 5%, 12%, 18% and 28%. But even so, crude oil, alcohol, and power generation are still not taxed under GST but are instead levied totally separate by member nation authorities, according to taxation software. In this research we came to know many aspects of GST and customer satisfaction for that and the benefits or limitations of GST regarding to hotels in Bangalore.

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Goods and Services Tax (GST), Hotel industry, Hospitality.

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 Abstract

With the decreasing forest cover the conflict between human and wild animals is always increasing in India. The conflict between the human and Rhesus macaque is also increasing in the city of greater Guwahati, Assam as the species is highly adaptable to man-made habitat. This species Rhesus Macaque Macaca mulatta (Zimmermann, 1780) is listed on CITES Appendix II and least concerned (LC) according to IUCN red list. The present study was carried out during the year 2021-2023 with the primary objectives to find out the human monkey conflict areas in Guwahati City, evaluation of cause of the conflict and perception of the people about the cause. The Study area is located in 26 ?12 ?53.60 ?-26 ?04 ?56.42 ? North latitude and -91 ?53 ?36.31 ?-91 ?34 ?36.18 ? East longitude with an average altitude of 55 meter above mean sea level and covering a geographical area of 216.79 sq km. The study area is densely populated with a human population of 8, 14,575 (as per census 2001). The study involves extensive field visits to the Rhesus monkey habitats in the study area. Activity budgets were done to understand the behaviour of the Rhesus macaque along with the interview of the affected people in the conflict to evaluate their perception. The study concluded that the major human monkey conflict areas in the Guwahati city are the Kamakhya temple, Nabagraha temple, Basistha temple, Maligaon area, Assam State zoo surrounding area, Gauhati University campus along with several other areas. The causes revealed by the people during the period of study were destruction of forest, change of food preferences of the rhesus monkey, availability of easy food from devotees, throwing of remaining food into uncovered areas by the households, population increase of rhesus macaque. As the mitigation measures the perception of people were-removal of the total population of rhesus macaque to the forested areas, provisioning of food plants, discouraging the devotees to provide food for the macaque, plantation to increase the forest area in the study area. In recommendation emphasis should be given to aware the people to the mitigation measures which can be taken up individually by not providing easy food to the monkey, not providing food to these monkeys in the temples etc.

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Human-Monkey conflict, Rhesus macaque, food, decreasing forest cover.

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This study examines the impact of tax policy changes on individuals and economic growth. The objective is to analyse how alterations in tax policies influence various aspects of individual behavior and overall economic performance. The research employs a comprehensive literature review to synthesize existing findings and identify key trends and patterns in this field. The study considers different types of tax policy changes, including adjustments in income tax rates, corporate taxes, capital gains taxes, and consumption taxes. It investigates the direct and indirect effects of these changes on individuals decisions regarding savings, investment, labor supply, and consumption.

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Tax policy, individuals, economic growth, fiscal incentives, GDP, employment, income distribution.

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Prosthetics are an important bio-medical field, which also includes the mechatronics system. The paper explains the efficient real-world implementation of a prosthetic arm. Especially this paper explains the upper arm defected patients which means the upper portion of the elbow defected patients. We are introducing an actuation methodology for modeling prosthetic arms.

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prosthetics, myoelectric sensor, KNN algorithm, Machine Learning

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This study has been undertaken to investigate this study Cu-TiO2 nano coating were coated through the electroplating technique onto a mild steel substrate utilizing an acid copper plating bath infused with dispersed nanoscale TiO2. Three distinct sets of electroplating parameters--voltage, speed, and time--were employed during the process. The composition of both uncoated and coated specimens was determined using the Thermo Scientific Niton XL12 analyzer machine. Voltage, Speed, and Time were considered as opposing factors for determining the optimal combination of control parameters using the Taguchi Technique and ANOVA analysis. Different tests were performed to assess the mechanical properties of coated specimens under the optimal combination of control parameters. The results of the tensile test reveal a decrease in stress values for electroplated specimens compared to those of normal mild steel specimens. The average surface roughness values of coated specimens were determined using the Mitatatyo. It is observed that the surface roughness increased on electroplated shot-peened specimens, while it was minimized on electroplated specimens.

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Electroplating, Taguchi, Anova

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Temporal administration, also known as the administration of temporal goods, refers to the management and allocation of intangible resources, particularly time. Unlike material possessions, temporal goods are inherently finite and subject to the constraints of time. Temporal administration involves various practices and strategies aimed at optimizing the use of time in personal, professional, and organizational contests. In essence, temporal administration encompasses activities such as scheduling, prioritizing tasks, setting deadlines, and managing timelines. It involves making informed decisions about how to allocate time effectively to achieve desired outcomes while balancing competing demands and responsibilities. Temporal administration is crucial in all aspects of life, from daily routines to long-term planning. Individuals, businesses, and institutions rely on effective temporal management to maximize productivity, meet deadlines, and accomplish goals. By implementing efficient temporal administration practices, individuals and organizations can enhance efficiency, minimize wasted time, and ultimately achieve greater success and satisfaction in their endeavours. Patrimony is a term used in the context of inheritance of property or things meant to be preserved. The temporal administrators have a big role to play in the area of patrimony specially to preserve and safe guard the inheritance. In the context of temporal administering, there are many things are involved regarding patrimony namely immoveable property land, building, reusable moveable property - books, furniture, automobiles, long term investments, restricted funds - pension funds and frozen assets.

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Temporal Administration

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Multimedia encompasses the utilization of diverse media forms, such as text, audio, graphics, animations, and video, to communicate information or entertain audiences. It amalgamates elements like images, sound, video, text, and interactive content. This versatile tool finds applications in education, entertainment, business, advertising, and beyond. The advantages of multimedia include information retention, interactivity, creative expression, improved communication, increased understanding, and an enhanced learning experience. This survey aims to identify challenges, assess training needs, evaluate support systems, clarify policies, gather feedback on resources, explore classroom dynamics, and understand teachers' perceptions. The methodology involves conducting surveys to collect data for analysis and interpretation.

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Multimedia, Enthusiasm, interaction, Holistic Development

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The sophisticated Python-based chatbot named as 'Government Infobot' represents a pinnacle of technological innovation, meticulously tailored to tackle the multifaceted challenges inherent in disseminating crucial information on government schemes. Placing paramount emphasis on user accessibility, the chatbot's intuitively designed User Interface offers a seamless and engaging experience for users across diverse demographics and technological proficiencies. Its robust architecture integrates state-of-the-art Natural Language Processing and machine learning algorithms, ensuring not only precision in responses but also adaptability to evolving user queries and needs. Moreover, the system's capability for real-time updates and eligibility verification not only enhances its reliability but also underscores its commitment to providing accurate and up-to-date information to citizens. By bridging the gap between citizens and government schemes, this innovative solution heralds a new era of transparent and accessible public service delivery, promising to redefine the landscape of governmental communication and engagement.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Machine Learning, Chatbot, Public Services, Python, Policies, Schemes

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition