Volume 12 | Issue 4

 Abstract

Introduction: Over-the-counter (OTC) medications are commonly utilized for treating the symptoms of the common cold due to their accessibility and affordability, especially in regions where healthcare access is limited. This study aims to gather data on the usage of OTC medications, specifically focusing on cetirizine, levocetirizine, phenylephrine, paracetamol, and other commonly used remedies for cold relief. Methods: Data collection involved surveying individuals to ascertain their utilization of OTC medications for treating common cold symptoms. Additionally, therapeutic effects reported in published articles regarding various OTC drugs were analyzed to determine their efficacy in alleviating cold symptoms. Results: Our analysis revealed widespread use of OTC medications for the common cold. The data obtained from published studies provided insights into the therapeutic effects of various OTC drugs on the body. Through statistical analysis, we evaluated the effectiveness of these medications for cold remedies. Discussion: The findings of this study shed light on the efficacy of OTC medications for treating the common cold. Furthermore, the study highlights the potential risks associated with overuse of these medications, particularly among different age groups. Awareness regarding appropriate OTC medication usage and its effects across extreme ages is crucial for optimizing healthcare practices. Conclusion: This study contributes to the understanding of OTC medication usage for cold remedies and emphasizes the importance of responsible usage, especially considering the potential impact on individuals across different age groups. Further research and awareness efforts are warranted to promote safe and effective usage of OTC medications for cold relief.

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OTC, non-prescription, cetirizine, levocetirizine, common cold

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This research paper critically analyzes the motivations, strategies, and consequences of the invasion, examining its impact on Afghan society, regional stability, and global security dynamics. Through a comprehensive review of historical context, primary sources, and scholarly literature, this study seeks to provide a nuanced understanding of the complex factors driving the invasion and its far-reaching implications. Key themes explored include the role of terrorism, the quest for geopolitical dominance, nation-building efforts, human rights considerations, and the challenges of counterinsurgency warfare.

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1. Prelude to the invasion 2. Overthrow of the Taliban 3. Casualties & war crimes 4. Legality of the Invasion 5. Aftermath of the Invasion 6. Media Coverage 7. Looting & Damage 8. Public Opinion 9. Methodology

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Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to review the relevant previous literature to provide insights into maximizing the effectiveness of healthcare logistics through the application of pharmacoeconomics. It investigates pharmacoeconomic evaluation validity in Egypt by examining pricing, reimbursement, and evaluation of pharmacoeconomics. It helps to identify problems and areas for improvement. Design, methodology, and approach: This paper reviews the prior literature, particularly on publications published after 2013 when the Egyptian Pharmacoeconomic Evaluation Unit was established. Findings: Considering the results of this study, Egypt appears to be off to a promising start in its pharmacoeconomic evaluation--additionally, the advancement of pharmacoeconomics aids in the optimization of healthcare logistics. Practical implications: This study provides recommendations on how Egyptian Pharmacy and Therapeutic (P&T) decision-makers can best utilize pharmacoeconomics to lower healthcare logistics costs and maintain a high level of service. Originality/value: This review will be valuable for both academics and practitioners. From a research perspective, it provides a comprehensive analysis of the literature on the application of pharmacoeconomics to reduce healthcare logistics costs in developing countries. It also identifies possible research directions. To effectively manage healthcare logistics costs, it provides an authoritative viewpoint on the effectiveness of pharmacoeconomics implementation.

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Keywords: healthcare logistics, Pharmacoeconomic Evaluation, drug management, Cost-effectiveness analysis, medicine Reimbursement.

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Everyone saves, even though there are a lot of different ways to accomplish it. Though there are a variety of reasons why people decide to save money, caution, peer pressure, and the desire to consume in the future are the key drivers. Postal savings funds have a big say in how governmental debt is funded. The fund is managed by several policy-focused financial institutions across several countries, with the goals of return on investments and community development. This study looks into how investors see the Postal Savings Plan. Post offices have provided banking services in addition to being essential in uniting the country. Nevertheless, its purpose has changed with time, making it one of the greatest options for investors today.

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Savings behavior, Postal savings, Government debt, Financial institutions, Return on investments, Community development, Banking services, Investor perception, Post office evolution, Investment options.

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The project, "Smart Monitoring and Protection of Industrial Equipment Using IoT," employs Arduino as the main controller for monitoring and safeguarding industrial equipment. Current sensor technology is employed to measure the current of an AC load, specifically a bulb, while a voltage sensor is utilized to measure the voltage of a DC circuit. The DHT11 sensor is incorporated to monitor the ambient temperature, ensuring optimal operational conditions. Additionally, the system integrates a fire sensor to identify potential fire accidents and a gas sensor to detect smoke within the industrial environment. The gathered data from these sensors is displayed on an LCD screen, providing real-time information on crucial parameters. To enhance safety measures, the system is designed to respond dynamically to sensor readings. If any monitored parameter surpasses a predefined threshold value, the system triggers protective actions. Specifically, if a critical condition is detected, the AC load (bulb) is automatically turned off, and a DC fan is shut down. This real-time monitoring and automated protection mechanism contribute to a safer and more secure industrial environment

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Arduino, Flame Sensor, Gas sensor, Current sensor, Voltage sensor, Node MCU

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Dental and oral problems affect 80-90% of the world's population. Oral diseases are frequent due to poverty and unsanitary behaviors, accounting for around 5% of global medical expenditure. Machine learning has made significant contributions to medical research. Dental professionals are tasked with identifying different types of dental problems, while the diagnostic procedure is underway. This paper introduces a convolutional neural network approach for caries detection and classification. we implement a dental caries detection system using a Convolutional Neural Network with the MobileNetV2 architecture for feature extraction. Train a CNN model to classify images into Three categories. These algorithms enable effective diagnosis and treatment of illnesses. We tuned our model and achieved 91% accuracy. Precision, F1-Score and Recall is 90.10%, 89.34%, 90.12%, respectively.

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Dental Caries, Detection, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), MobileNetV2

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National Education Policy 2020 has given meticulous attention on vocational education. According to NEP, every child has to learn at least one vocation. Skill education is more necessary in the 21st century. It is a veritable tool for sustainable economic growth. Vocational education can either be formal or non-formal. Formal vocational education is provided vocational training and work-based education through many organizations and schemes which prepare the students to participate in the labour market to adapt to the impacts of global trends. Nonformal education is where a person arranges for his/her training himself by finding a skilled person who would train them in some marketable skills. A country is a line of progress where human resources become skilled and efficient. It can also help create productive workforce which leads to economic growth and national development.

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Vocational Education, Challenges, Opportunities

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In contemporary educational and healthcare settings, the well-being of students and patients is critical for their success and recovery. A real-time system utilizing OpenCV for multi-modal emotion analysis is introduced, tailored specifically for these environments. This system merges facial expression recognition from images with audio emotion recognition. By employing machine learning and computer vision algorithms, such as OpenCV for facial recognition, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for image-based emotion detection, and a combination of Support Vector Classifier (SVC) and CNN for audio emotion recognition, it provides a comprehensive approach to understanding emotional states. Privacy is a cornerstone of this system, upheld through the use of non-intrusive and privacy-conscious technologies. It continuously assesses the multiple emotional states of students and patients during their activities, offering insights into their well-being without breaching their privacy. The web interface displays real-time emotion analysis results, including facial recognition status, identified emotions, and dynamic emotion distribution charts. This tool is invaluable for monitoring stress and emotional well-being in educational and healthcare settings. Its open and adaptable codebase allows for tailoring and modifications to meet specific needs, demonstrating the potential of real-time emotion analysis in improving the well-being and outcomes for students and patients.

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Support Vector Classifier (SVC),Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),Computer Vision, Face Recognition, Audio Recognition.

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: Ladakh, formerly Western Tibet, was a significant part of Tibetan Buddhism before its incorporation into India. The region was known for occult practices and was influenced by Buddhism through the works of Saint Padmasambhava and Bhikshu Shantarakshita. Buddhism flourished in Ladakh with the support of Ladakhi kings, and its influence on society was significant. Religious tolerance and peaceful co-existence were achieved through observing the Dhamma of the Buddha, and the inhabitants followed religious customs from birth to death. Festivals, such as the New Year's Day festival, were held to commemorate the actions of the Buddha or renowned masters. Buddhism also had a significant impact on Ladakh's fine arts, with beautiful Buddhist monasteries and stupas filled with Buddhist paintings and sculptures. Dance, music, poetry, and song were also influenced by Buddhism, with religious songs and dances paying tribute to the Buddha, Dhamma, and Sangha. Drama, based on Jataka Tales, was also a significant part of Ladakh's cultural heritage.

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Buddhism, art, culture, Ladakh, impact, Buddhist festivals.

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Agyeya is an experimental poet. This means making new experiments at what level of emotion and language in the composition of poetry. The poem about Kalgi Bajra is also an experiment, both from the point of view of craft and also from the point of view of emotion. This poem is basically a poem dedicated to love and nature. In this poem the poet is talking about love and nature with a new perspective. Experimental poetry or a poet who has been an experimentalist always keeps searching for new ideas and new methods. Even in this poem, the poet does not want to relate his beloved with old nicknames and analogies. That is, those who want to give up the similes that old poets have used for their beloveds. He wants to create new analogies. The poet wants to give a new name to his beloved, to call him by a new name. This is the basic feeling of this poem.

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metaphor, traditional symbol, new ideas, new vision, love and nature.

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ABSTRACT: Crop insurance is necessary for the farmers to protect them against financial issues. Crop insurance is indispensable for the prosperity of farmers and policy instruments to deal with the perils present in agriculture. But the implementation of Crop insurance largely depends on the farmer's attitude. The present study discusses the outcomes of the study in the area of crop insurance. It measures the present situation of crop insurance scheme and challenges of crop insurance, examines the awareness and attitude of farmers towards crop insurance

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Key Words: Crop insurance, Farmers awareness, Attitude, Challenges and policy.

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As high greenhouse gas emissions and the ozone layer's thinning, governments are attempting to phase out the use of fossil fuels. As an environmentally conscious substitute for electric vehicles, have become more popular. But a variety of primary and secondary factors could influence adoption of electric vehicles, some tailored to Indians and others universal. As Transportation sector is emitting carbon dioxide at a rapid rate, which is causing worries about global warming. However, electric mobility has not yet become a mainstream option for the large number of people in India. Therefore, it is important to understand how people feel about Electric Vehicles (EVs). Therefore questionnaire was designed to identify factors affecting purchase decision of consumer in Rajkot city.

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electric vehicle, factors , purchase decision

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Upto last decade the cables where made to lay overhead but because of urbanization, weather condition like ice, wind.The concept of underground cable is started, which is superior to the earlier method.Detecting the fault source is difficult.in this project is capable to finding exact location of fault.with the help of Bluetooth Connectivity and notification on Respective mobile with the help Of GSM.

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Underground, fault, detect, Location

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The Ratnagiri area of Maharashtra India is situated in the coastal region of Konkan in the western part of India and it is popular for its unspoiled beaches, historic buildings as well as culture. This research recommends creating a comprehensive website on tourism that makes use of up to date technologies in order to promote tourism in Ratnagiri. The site will have features such as chatbot, car rental services, search for hidden gems, hotels straight map and zoom functionality, 360-degree views, detailed location maps and a solid rating system. In addition to this, the idea behind the proposed website is also to ensure community engagement by allowing users to share their experiences and recommendations through user generated content. With elements such as user reviews, ratings and comments incorporated into it, this website aims at establishing an active web community that revolves around tourism at Ratnagiri. Furthermore, being multilingual the site targets various ethnic groups and has an intuitive admin dashboard which facilitates efficient management of business listings among other contents like blogs. For database management purposes, MongoDB was used; React developed its front end while Node.js catalyzed backend scripting with Visual Studio Code serving as its principal development environment stack used herein throughout this project.

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Tourism website development, Ratnagiri, Planning phase, Design phase, Implementation phase, Testing phase, Deployment phase, Maintenance and optimization, User experience, Sustainable tourism practices, Community participation, Frontend and backend development, React, Node.js, MongoDB, User acceptance testing, Performance optimization, Security measures, Stakeholder engagement, Continuous improvement.

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There is the significance of small businesses to any economy from the perspective of employment and contribution to the national gross domestic product. This study investigates the factors driving businesses towards adopting digital payment systems in Vadodara City, India. The objective of the study is to identify and analyse the main factors influencing Vadodara city businesses' decisions about implementing digital payment systems. The study examines how Vadodara city companies are impacted by the cost-effectiveness of digital payment services. The term "cost-effectiveness" refers to various elements, including transaction costs, operational effectiveness, and total financial gains from using digital payment systems. Businesses must comprehend the cost-effectiveness factor to evaluate the financial effects of switching to digital payment methods.

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Digital Payment, Businesses Fintech , cost effectiveness

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In the modern era of digital marketing, personalized campaigns have emerged as a crucial strategy for businesses to engage with their target audience effectively. The jewellery industry, known for its luxury and uniqueness, has also embraced this trend to tailor marketing efforts to individual preferences. This paper explores the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in facilitating personalized marketing campaigns within the jewellery sector. Through an analysis of AI technologies, data utilization, consumer behavior insights, and ethical considerations, this paper provides insights into the transformative impact of AI on the jewellery marketing landscape.

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The Role of AI in Personalized Marketing Campaigns in the Jewellery Industry

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Educational institutions are an important part of our lives and play an important role in the growth and development of any country. For this purpose, identifying successful students is of great importance. We demand reports on student performance. Student Learning Indicators are a comprehensive program designed to measure and evaluate student learning and achievement in schools. The system uses a variety of data, including grades, attendance records, and test scores, to obtain information about a student's learning. Student performance reports help teachers and administrators identify trends and patterns in student performance by analysing data and insights. It not only shows where students are doing well, but also identifies areas that can be improved. This tool is a valuable resource for teachers to make data-driven decisions, implement intervention plans, and support student success. Through the use of technology and data analysis, student performance indicators help improve overall learning and allow schools to develop educational strategies to meet each student's unique needs. This content demonstrates the importance and effectiveness of this system in promoting quality education and supporting student development.

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academic performance, academic performance indicators, Data Analysis, Student Monitoring, overall performance indicator, students details.

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Sustainability is an epicenter of concern for the world economy at present. Figures reveal that Green FDI, or foreign investment in ecofriendly avenues is among the largest categories of FDI for developed segment of the economy whereas the developing segment which also constitutes Indian Economy is currently moving towards sustainability. Thus, taking into consideration the challenges faced and factors positively affecting green economy growth pertaining to Indian Economy, this study seeks to draw an Ecological Sustainability nexus by studying the interrelationship between the variables; Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Renewable Energy Consumption (REC) and Trade Openness (TO) with Ecological Sustainability (ES), i.e., Carbon Emissions. This analytical study makes use of Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression, the study found an insignificant positive relationship between FDI and Ecological Sustainability. However, it has been found that a significant negative relationship exists between the REC and ES during the study period.

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Foreign Direct Investment, Renewable Energy, Indian Economy, sustainability, sustainable development

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This abstract explores the concept of judicial activism, examining its definition, characteristics, and implications within the realm of law and governance. Judicial activism refers to the proactive role of courts in shaping and interpreting laws, often surpassing traditional judicial bounds. This phenomenon has sparked debates regarding the balance of power among branches of government, the role of courts in democracy, and the limits of judicial discretion. By analysing various perspectives and case studies, this abstract aims to shed light on the complexities and controversies surrounding judicial activism, providing insight into its significance on temporary legal systems.

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JUDICIAL ACTIVISM: An Overview

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To observe association of depression and different deha prakriti , 80 post covid patients were included in this study as per inclusion and exclusion criteria , Prakriti assessment of Patients was done by using standard M.U.H.S Prakriti parikshan proforma. The study depended on self detailed information from a survey (clinical review) about the predominance of the Corona virus Pandemic's mental impacts in different deha prakritis (physical constitutions). Due to COVID-19, the prevalence of depression has risen to 25%, which is approximately 7 times higher, highlighting the significant impact of the pandemic on mental health. This underscores the importance of integrating mental health into international and national public health programs. Therefore, it's crucial to focus on both the physical and mental health of patients. Evaluation should include the use of depression measuring scales, and appropriate guidance should be provided to prevent future mental disorders.

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COVID-19, Post-COVID, Depression , Deha Prakriti.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition