Volume 11 | Issue 4

 Abstract

The rapid transmission of COVID-19 has caused a global health crisis. Feeling uneasy after getting into contact with a guy who was already suffering from a contagious disease is not a good indication. As per the guidelines of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, the Government of India and World Health Organization, one of the primary ways to reduce the spread of the virus is to practice social distancing. Specifically, it is important to stay at least six feet away from others. However, it is difficult to implement this, and people can often forget to maintain this distance when they are in a public place. Nowadays many such devices are available in markets to maintain Social Distance but looking at the cost, they are too expensive and are not meeting all the demands, our solution to this problem is a cost-effective Social Distancing Device. This device consists of Infrared Sensor which is used for motion detection. The device is programmed with the use of Arduino so that when any two units come within six feet of each other, both units begin beeping, hence notifying both users with these devices to step away from each other. This prototype shows successful proof of concept, under constrained operating condition.

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Social Distancing Device Using Arduino UNO

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The library plays a crucial role in education, and its staff often face tedious tasks such as lending, and tagging books. Library users also encounter problems such as finding, borrowing, and renewing books.To overcome these obstacles, a proposed smart library management system based on RFID scanning can make the library experience more convenient and practical for both users and staff.The system will integrate ID cards into the library management process, automating many tasks such as borrowing and returning books. This will make it easier for users and staff to manage their workloads more efficiently.The project is motivated by several challenges faced by the current library system, such as loss of book information, slow transaction processing, and difficulty in updates. The proposed library management system has a feature where the login and logout timings of students or faculty members are posted onto the Thingspeak server of the IoT cloud. This feature helps in maintaining a record of the entry and exit times of the students or faculty members, which can be useful in tracking their activity in the library. The data stored on the Thingspeak server can be accessed remotely and can be used for generating reports, analyzing usage patterns, and making informed decisions about the library's operations. This feature enhances the transparency and accountability of the system and ensures that the library management can keep track of the library's activity even when they are not physically present. The system has a significant feature where it sends a text message to the registered mobile number if the due date for returning the book has passed. This feature ensures that the students or faculty members are reminded about the book they borrowed and prompts them to return the book within the stipulated time. This is a very important feature as it helps in maintaining the discipline of returning books on time and avoids fines or penalties. Moreover, it also helps in ensuring the availability of books for other students who need them. This feature makes the system more efficient and user-friendly, making it an ideal solution for library management. Additionally, the system will include automation for fans and lights, reducing electricity waste.The proposed system, which utilizes Arduino sensors and a GSM module, will help overcome these problems and provide a smarter, more useful library management system.Overall, the proposed system aims to enhance the library experience for both staff and users, providing a more efficient and effective approach to library management.

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RFID scanning,Managing workloads, Thingspeak server, Due date reminder, Reducing electricity wastage

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Only 12% of young adults in an ageing population report having a long-term illness or disability, making young adults on medical insurance very rare. However, mental health issues continue to be prominent among younger people. Mental health issues and obesity were recognised as the two most prevalent problems affecting young adults in a recent research. Teams are set up expressly to meet the requirements of young adults. Early intervention in psychosis treatments has been demonstrated to be more effective than typical care and is also cost-efficient. On the medical wards, younger patients may generate significant emotions in the personnel, who frequently feel protective and may emotionally sympathise with the suffering of the young patient. General physicians need to recognise typical manifestations of mental illness in young people, such as depression, wilful self-harm, eating disorders, and substance abuse in order to provide holistic therapy for these individuals. Apart from actually treating illnesses, health promotion is crucial for young adults. Mental health refers to an individual's adjustment to their maximal level of effectiveness, satisfaction, and enjoyment as well as their ability to behave in a socially responsible manner and accept the realities of life. The goal of the current research work was to examine the level of mental health among young people. The current study included a sample of 60 people divided into two groups (boys and girls), with 30 subjects in each group. Further, these two groups were separated evenly into two more age-based groups (19-23 years and 23-28 years), each of which contained 15 participants. The development and standardisation of the Mental Health Scale led to its application in the evaluation of mental health. It-test was used for statistical analysis as well as hypothesis testing. The results demonstrate that boys have a higher level of mental health than girls. The results also demonstrate that there is a noticeable difference in the mental health scores of boys and girls. While there was a negligible difference in the mental health scores of subjects who were 19 to 23 years old and those who were 23 to 28 years old. We may draw the conclusion that gender and age are a significant influence in mental health based on the outcomes of the current study.

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Mental health , youth , treatment

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Epoch defining events like the French Revolution or the American Civil War have always inspired literature,The partition in India in 1947 is no exception.This event divided India into two states for Muslims and Hindus :The Dominion of Pakistan and the Union of India,It was described by Lord Mountbatten as one of the greatest administrative operations in history. While the historical and historiographical works about partition have their own place and value, literature has a vital role to play in preserving events in collective memory, and interpreting the implications for posterity.Partition literature exists across all major literary forms: novels, short stories, poems and non fictional prose. Among short stories , Toba Tek Singh is perhaps the most famous. Written by Saddat Hasan Manto , it was published in 1955., the year of his death.The story is set in a mental asylum in Lahore a couple of years after Independence( achieved of course with the great price of partition)..Manto generates comedy and uncomfortable satire.After Partition the Governments of India and Pakistan decide to exchange Muslim, sikh and Hindu lunatics.One Lunatic is so bewildered with all the talk about partition that he climbs up a tree and refuses to come down saying"I don't want to live in India and Pakistan.I'm going to make my home right here on this tree.'The insane mutterings of a Sikhinmate in a mix of Punjab Urdu and English, though nonsensical, evidently transmits disdain for the very idea of Pakistan and India, and the displacement it creates. The story ends with him dying in no-man's land between the two countries.

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Partition, war, identity crisis, agony, lunatics,trauma, displacement,bewilderment

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Title: "COMMUNITY-BASED AGRICULTURAL TRAINING OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND SKILLS DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (TESDA) IN REGION 3: AN ANALYSIS" Researcher: Franklin M. Macasaquit Degree: Doctor of Public Administration Institution: Tarlac State University, Tarlac City This study evaluated the community-based agricultural training of Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) in region 3 along with: Training Programs, Target Beneficiaries, and Budget allocation. This study determined the level of satisfaction of Community-based agricultural training in terms of instruction, facilities and benefits. In addition, the level of employability and problems encountered by the respondents during and after the community-based agricultural training were identified. To wit, measures were proposed to improve the community-based agricultural training delivery of TESDA in Region III. The study used a quantitative descriptive research design to narrate the contributions of community-based training delivery among the beneficiaries. Descriptive research sought to answer the question, is the community-based training cover the full range of knowledge, skills, and attitudes needed to be an effective citizen, worker, and lifelong learner. The respondents of the study were delimited to the two hundred nineteen (219) respondents of the study who were purposively selected evaluated the community-based training agricultural training implemented in the Region III. This study covered the year 2021.

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Community-based Agricultural Training of TESDA in Region 3: An Analysis

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The aim of this paper is to describe the method and the components used to build a simple and low-cost SCARA robot with Laser Engraver. SCARA stands for Selective Compliance Assembly Robot Arm, which is a kind of industrial Robot that is often used for pick-and-place tasks. The Laser Engraving process is a complex work that needs high accuracy and precision in engraving intricate designs or lettering on various materials. This paper focuses on engraving on the wood surface, which needs flexibility and versatility that will help in making different designs. For this purpose, the SCARA robot is combined with the Laser Engraver. It will help make accurate and highly precise design paths that the laser will trace and engrave on the wood surface, by using the G-code and M-code instructions for the path of engraving. The paper also examines the technical analysis of the assembly process of the SCARA robot and the Laser Engraver, as well as future work to enhance the performance and functionality of the robot.

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SCARA, Robot, Laser, Engraving, Arduino

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Good recruitment and selection strategies result in improved organizational outcomes. With reference to this context, the research paper entitled Recruitment and Selection has been prepared to put light on the Recruitment and Selection process. HRM plays very significant role in personality development, work motivation, employee retention in the organization by following different practices which include compensation, performance appraisal reward and recognition, training and development and career management. Any organization's foundation is its human resources, or, to use a more modern word, HR, which encompasses both workforce management and development. Essentially, human resource management is managing an organization's human resources includes ensuring that workers are happy and which includes ensuring that workers are happy and that their objectives are met. The main objective is to identify general practices organizations use to recruit and select employees. The main purpose of this research paper is to understand recruitment and selection procedures. The main areas that have been taken into account include the significance of recruitment and selection, stages of recruitment and selection, factors affecting the recruitment and selection process, differences between the recruitment and selection process, types of recruitment, and types of interviews.

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Recruitment, Selection, Organization, Candidates, Jobs

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In eukaryotes, genomic DNA is packaged in chromatin in the cell nucleus. DNA accessibility depends on chromatin structure and dynamics, which essentially control DNA-related processes, including transcription, DNA replication, and repair. Nucleosomes, the repeating building blocks of chromatin, vary in the composition of their histone protein components. All factors affectin nucleosome structure and dynamics, nucleosome-nucleosome interaction interfaces, and binding of linker histones or other chromatin-binding proteins must be considered to understand the organization and function of chromatin fibers. In this review, we provide a summary of recent advances in the structure of chromatin fibers in vitro and in the nucleus, highlight studies on the dynamic regulation of chromatin fibers, and discuss their related biological functions and abnormal organization in disease

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- Chromatin fiber, Linker histone, Structural dynamics, DNA Replication, Transcription

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Abstract: Macrolides represent a huge family of protein synthesis inhibitors of great therapeutic interest because of their applicability to human medicine.its a class of drugs used to manage and treat various bacterial infection. Azithromycin,clarithromycin,erythromycin, are some member of this family. Macrolides are composed of a Macrocyclic Lactone of different ring sizes, to which one or more Deoxy-sugar or Amino sugar Residues are Attached. Macrolides act as Antibiotics by binding to Bacterial 50S ribosomal sub unit and Interfering with protein synthesis. The high Affinity of Macrolides for bacterial ribosomes, Together with the highly Complex structure of Ribosomes across virtually all of the bacterial species is Consistent with their broad spectrum Activity. Since the Discovery of the progenitor Macrolide, Erythromycin, in 1950, Many derivatives have been Synthesised, leading to compounds with better Bio-availability and Acid stability and improved Pharmacokinetics. These Efforts led to the Second generation of macrolides, including well known Members such as Azithromycin and Clarithromycin. Subsequently, in order to Address increasing Antibiotic Resistance, a third generation of macrolides displaying improved Activity against many Macrolide resistant strains was Developed. However, these improvements were Accompanied with serious side Effects, leading to disappointment and causing many researchers to stop working on macrolide derivatives, Assuming that this procedure had reached the End. In contrast, a Recent published breakthrough Introduced a New chemical platform for synthesis and Discovery of a wide Range of diverse Macrolide antibiotics. This chemical Synthesis revolution, in Combination with reduction in the side Effects, Namely, 'Ketek effects', has led to a macrolide renaissance, increasing the hope for novel and safe therapeutic agents to Combat Serious Human Infectious diseases.

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1. CAP community acquired pneumonia 2.MIC minimum inhibitory concentration 3 MLSB macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B 4. NPET nascent peptide exit tunnel 5. PTC peptidyl transferase centre

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All over the world Datura has known to us from the ancient time due to its anti-inflammatory property. Due to the presence of one or more such components like alkaloids, tannins, saponins and cardiac glycosides the therapeutic activities of most plant are seen. The presence of saponins, tannins, steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols and glycosides divulge the phytochemical screening.The highest amount of alkaloids over all parts of the plant is contained in the ripe seeds.For varieties of ailments there has been extensively used as curative agents at the time of immemorial. The bioactive constituents, ethnopharmacology along with the scientifically assert medicinal uses of D. stramonium information is broadly in present study.Poisonous and medicinal properties both are shown by D.stramonium .With a great utility and usage as folklore medicine it has huge pharmacological potential. The presence of saponins, tannins, steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols and glycosides are shown in phytochemical investigations. An exclusive review work on the ethnomedical, phytochemical, pharmacological activities of the plant are shown in present paper.

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Atropine, Ethnomedical, Datura stramonium, Solanaceae

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Due to the immense use of social media and online news media there has been a large surge of fake news in recent times. Spreading fake news has become much easier. Such spreading of fake news may have a severe effect. Hence it is extremely essential that certain measures should be taken in order to reduce or distinguish between real and fake news. Information overload and a general absence of comprehension about how the web functions by individuals have additionally added to an expansion in fake news or hoax stories. Social media sites can have a major influence in expanding the span of this kind of story. Fake news is a news created to intentionally misguide or mislead readers. Fake news is spread mainly for gaining political or financial incentives. They submit this well-crafted news stories and also recruit social bots or paid scammers to spread the news more rapidly and different approaches using text-based analysis for detecting fake news. Ever since the birth of social media and online news media, the spread of fake news has increased drastically. Social media sites such as Facebook, Google Plus etc are one of the biggest sources of spreading fake news. As the spread of such fake news can be intentional or unintentional but this affects society. Thus, an increasing number of fake news has to be controlled by using the computational tool which predicts such misleading information as if it is fake or real. Here we have focused on developing such computational tool to help classify news using machine learning algorithm. Which helps the model to be more trustworthy. Which describes the pre-processing, feature extraction, classification and prediction process in detail. We've used Logistic Regression to classify fake news. The pre-processing functions perform some operations like tokenizing, lemmatization and exploratory data analysis like response variable distribution and data quality check (i.e., null or missing values). Simple Count Vectorization, TF-IDF is used as feature extraction techniques. The logistic regression is used as a classifier for fake news detection with a probability of truth.

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Fake news detection, Logistic regression, TF-IDF, count vectorization, NLP, feature selection

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Turmeric or Curcuma longa is a perennial herb in the Zingiberaceae family that is widely cultivated throughout Asia. In addition to being used as an anti-inflammatory, rhizomes are also used for treating flatulence and jaundice. It can be applied as an ointment to treat menstrual cramps, hematuria, bleeding, and colic or many skin conditions. Curcuma longa L. (root and rhizome), commonly known as turmeric, is a plant of high therapeutic and monetary value worldwide and is primarily used as a ferment and dietary supplement. The main dynamic elements of turmeric include three curcuminoids: curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. Similarly, unpredictable oils (Tumeron, Atlanton, Zingiberen) have additional pharmacological effects. There are incredible soothing properties in turmeric, as well as cell-strengthening properties.

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Curcumin; Turmeric; Zingiberene; Anti-oxidant

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Since the first DNA extraction by Friedrich Miescher in 1869, scientists have made extraordinary strides in developing extraction methods that are more reliable, easier and faster to perform, less expensive, and yield higher yields. A fast, simple, and inexpensive DNA extraction method with greater yield and purity of DNA would aid in rapid diagnosis, large population screening, and other routine PCR-based applications. The present study evaluated and standardized a rapid and zero-cost DNA extraction from targeted organism for routine molecular studies. Four DNA extraction methods i.e. 1.4 M sodium chloride (NaCl), 20 mM ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA, pH 8.0), and elution from blotted nitrocellulose membrane (NCM) were compared with standard CTAB extraction buffer, EtBr-CsCl Gradient Centrifugation Method and salting-out method is a non-toxic DNA extraction method. There has been an increasing demand for reliable and efficient DNA isolation methods that can yield sufficient amounts of high quality DNA with minimal contamination. The current review addresses the development of different DNA extraction techniques from solvent-based methods to physical extraction methods, each with their distinct advantages and limitations.

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DNA, DNA extraction method, Friedrich Miescher, Rapid and zero cost extraction method, Standard method, Salting-out method.

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 Abstract

PARTITION IN NOVELS OF SHAKTIPADA RAJGURU: HISTORY OF INSULTING DISPLACED PERSONS

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PARTITION IN NOVELS OF SHAKTIPADA RAJGURU: HISTORY OF INSULTING DISPLACED PERSONS

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In recent years, online attacks have considerably increased. Users of online banking are not fully protected against these new and sophisticated assaults since two-factor authentication, which is employed to protect users, has not advanced at the same rate. This raises a crucial query: Is it feasible to increase user security for online activities? More particular, we want to know if user involvement can help to prevent online attacks. Signature verification is used for the human examination of a single known sample as opposed to the traditional handcrafted system, where a forger has access and can attempt to copy it. This system is used in commercial scenarios, such as bank cheque payments, business organisations, educational institutions, government sectors, the health care industry, etc. The necessity for effective auto-mated solutions for signature verification has grown since signatures are now the primary method of authentication and authorization in legal transactions. The handwritten signature's encoded values are particular to each person and nearly impossible to replicate.

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Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Verification, Unique, Authentication

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Shear walls are strong vertical diaphragms that are used in building construction to transfer lateral stresses from exterior walls, floors, and roofs to the ground foundation in a direction parallel to their planes. A reinforced concrete wall is an example. The most frequent loads that shear walls are designed to support are wind and earthquake loads. We will learn about shear walls and their numerous openings in this assignment. The previously reviewed materials indicate that a shear wall with a particular type of opening behaves in another manner. The opening can vary in size, proportion to the size of the wall that it occupies, form, and position.Shear wall variation will be based on thickness. Additionally, we'll research variables including earthquake stresses, storey drift, storey displacement, and lateral stiffness.The behavior of the shear wall can be deduced after taking into account all these factors in relation to the wall's opening.

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Shear wall openings, shape of openings, seismic loads ultimate strength, economy.

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Triticum aestivum , the young grass of the common wheat plant known as Wheatgrass. Its Component includes chlorophyll and flavonoids in good amount. Wheatgrass is called the Green Blood. Chlorophyll is the green pigment of the plant that resembles the structure of the hemoglobin of the red blood cells. Dr. Hans Fischer, a German chemist and a group of associates won a Nobel Prize for this discovery. Like the human blood, chlorophyll carries energy, nutrients and oxygen to the different parts of the plants. It is the blood of the plant. Chlorophyll in the human body also delivers nutrition and oxygen to the blood and more so, studies have shown that it can stimulate production of healthy red blood cells and prevents anemia and different blood disorders. Wheatgrass demonstrated benefits in cancer prevention and as an adjunct to cancer treatment, as well as benefits to immunological activity and oxidative stress. In clinical trials it has been observed that wheatgrass may induce coadjutants benefits to chemotherapy and may reduce chemotherapy-related side effects, in addition to aid ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid, hematological diseases, diabetes, obesity, oxidative stress and arthritis,. These trials are not effective and a number of methodological problems emerge. No conflicting circumstance of wheatgrass have been reported, although some forms pose problems of adequacy. The popularity of wheatgrass sustain to grow. Before clinical recommendations for the public the asset seen in the clinical trials need to be proved in larger studies.

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Triticum aestivum , Wheatgrass, chlorophyll, flavonoids, green blood, cancer, immunological, chemotherapy, rheumatoid arthritis, hematological diseases, diabetes, obesity, and oxidative stress

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Load unbalancing problem is a multi-variant, multi-constraint problem that degrades performance and efficiency of computing resources. Load balancing techniques cater the solution for load unbalancing situation for two undesirable facets- overloading and under-loading. In contempt of the importance of load balancing techniques to the best of our knowledge, there is no comprehensive, extensive, systematic and hierarchical classification about the existing load balancing techniques. Further, the factors that cause load unbalancing problem are neither studied nor considered in the literature. This paper presents a detailed encyclopedic review about the load balancing techniques. The advantages and limitations of existing methods are highlighted with crucial challenges being addressed so as to develop efficient load balancing algorithms in future. The paper also suggests new insights towards load balancing in cloud computing.

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Cloud computing, Taxonomy, Classification, Cloud service consumer, Cloud service provider, Quality of service, Load unbalancing, Load balancing

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Whenever a crime is committed, Society cries for the justice. It cries even more when a criminal trial is prolonged and loses trust when the victim isn't given justice as a result of the trial's delay and the guilty party's acquittal. In Hussainara Khatoon v. State of Bihar, 1980 the Supreme Court stated that the citizen's fundamental right to a speedy trial. Speedy trial is a requirement for proper administration of justice, as our courts are well aware of. Notwithstanding many rulings by the Supreme Court, fast trials are now all but impossible because of rising court arrears and the overburden that results from them. As a result, justice has suffered the greatest loss. In order to overcome these problems in the criminal justice system, the concept of plea bargaining has been incorporated in the Code of Criminal Procedure 1973, by the amendment of 2005, adding chapter XXI (A) in the Code. Plea bargains are a way for all parties and the court to agree on a settlement to a criminal case. As a result, the accused and the government reach a plea deal. The prosecution agrees to suggest a favorable sentencing to the court in exchange for the accused's cooperation to enter a guilty plea without a trial. Plea bargaining is regarded in this situation as the offender's incentive for telling the truth. It might be helpful for both the prosecution and the accused. Although this procedure appears to aid in a speedy trial, it is not immune to criticism. Through the criminal code modification act of 2005, the Indian judicial system grudgingly moved plea bargaining from section 265A to section 265L in the new chapter XXI A of the CrPC. In 2004, the Honorable Supreme Court of India declared, "It is an established law that a court cannot decide a criminal matter on the basis of a plea agreement. The case must be decided on the merits by the court". This paper is an attempt to discuss the concept of plea bargaining in Indian Justice system. Along with, the authors have made an attempt to critically analyze the discussed concept in accordance with the approach taken by Indian Judiciary in this regard. It aims at finding out whether or not the concept of plea bargaining can be seen as a rational means to justice. For the purpose of this research paper, the authors have adopted the doctrinal method of research.

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Keywords: Plea Bargaining, Criminal Justice System, accused, guilty.

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The Event Based Social Network(ESBN) is a distributed platform for organizing the online social events, in which events are submitted to the user groups on associated topic, location and time period. Usually, event based social network systems contain abundant events and large scale of user participating on event, there exist an overhead on clustering the user for the event. In order to model a participant prediction, deep learning architecture for the user recommendation has become necessary. However, many existing work using machine learning model leads to scalability and sparsity issues. Further events and user profiles continually arrive and evolve in terms of behaviour and knowledge, which leads to the issues of task cold-start. In order to overcome the above mentioned challenge, a novel dense recurrent neural network architecture using deep neural network for participant recommendation on basis of evolution of user knowledge and preference has been formulated in this research. Initially proposed idea deals with the dynamics of the user and event in the event based social network by extracting the features with multiple latent factors using feature extraction technique. Latent factor extracted on basis of the event and user features according to their experience and historical behaviors. Further deep neural network has been incorporated to model a participant recommendation system to event on basis of latent feature extracted towards prediction on timely basis to achieve high reliability, accuracy and latency. Deep learning architecture schedules the participants to event on embedding latent features on generation of the objective function to produce recommendation with minimum error. It results in significant increase on the prediction performance for discriminative information's of the event and user. Extensive experiments have been conducted on real datasets to compare proposed model with conventional. The experimental results show that deep learning architecture can achieve both effectiveness and good scalability on large scale data.

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Deep Learning, Event based Social Network, Participant Recommendation

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