Volume 8 | Issue 4

 Abstract

Discrete ageing classes can be classified according to various ageing concepts and stochastic orderings.This paper deals with stochastic comparisons of certain lifetime distributions with respect to their a. p. g. f.s discrete analogue of Laplace transforms. Based on ratios of a, p, g, f s, two types of orderings of lifetime distributions are developed and their properties are studied. Certain preservation properties of these ordering are also considered.

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a.p.g.f, discrete ageing classes, ratio ordering, stochastic ordering.

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The purpose of the present study was to analyse the effect of selected weight training exercises on the growth of leg strength of football players. The study was conducted on 40 male football interuniversity players, age ranged from 20 to 26 years who were randomly selected from Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur(C.G.) were taken as the subjects. The selected group of subjects was divided into two groups viz. experimental and control. The weight training schedule which was administered on experimental group only, different weight training exercises were given (i.e., close grip bench press , squat, dumbell lunges, standing leg curls, dumbell dead lift, and leg press). This weight training programme were carried out for a period of 6 weeks for one hour every evening for 5 days in a week. Control groups were no treatment group and were engaged in their own daily activity programme. As delimited to measure the leg strength of the subjects standing broad jump (SBJ) tests was used. For the administration and scoring of these tests item procedure mentioned in AAPHER, youth fitness test (1958) was taken as the model. It was analyse from the results of the study that there was significant effect of the weight training exercise on the leg strength of the selected football players.

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Keywords: Football players, Leg strength, Weight training

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Convention on Bio- Diversity and Climate Change : Road to Copenhagen

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Biodiversity, Climate Change,Global Warming,

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Assam, a culturally rich and linguistically diverse state in Northeast India, has undergone significant socio-economic transformations in recent decades. The interplay of migration, industrialization, unemployment, and urbanization has brought both opportunities and challenges, especially concerning the preservation and evolution of the Assamese language and culture. While economic development has improved literacy and access to modern amenities, it has also led to the dilution of traditional practices, a decline in the use of Assamese in urban areas, and increased linguistic mixing. The influence of dominant languages like Hindi and English in education, employment, and media poses a threat to the survival of Assamese among the younger generation. This paper explores how economic and social dynamics have shaped cultural expressions, language practices, and identity formation in Assam. It also highlights the resilience of Assamese culture through community efforts, local literature, festivals, and educational movements. The study underscores the need for sustainable development models that are inclusive of linguistic and cultural preservation.

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Assam, socio-economic change, Assamese language, culture, identity, urbanization, migration, globalization

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National security protection depends on operational bases together with required staff who operate from secured military buildings along with vital infrastructure. Global seismic events now demand that the United Nations International authorities give their first priority to protecting military infrastructure. Standard seismic design standards maintain structural robustness while dismissing important systems including utility distribution networks because of their combination of power utilities water systems fuel systems and communication systems for emergency backup. The entire Seismic Resilience Design Framework must receive immediate deployment at military facilities with installed underground utility systems. The understanding of security threats to military infrastructure relies on system engineering analysis handled through multiple disciplines combined with resilience modeling to achieve better seismic outcomes. Current military resilience models benefit through this research because they conduct specific operational situation tests which use simulation and case-based assessments. The framework applies structural foundations to help lower operational disruptions and maintain readiness through non-structural mission assurance elements both before and after earthquakes. Defense infrastructure policies receive essential scientific instructions from research that enables engineering professionals and defense organizations to enhance their seismic capacity for building stronger national security.

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Seismic resilience, Military infrastructure, Underground utility networks, Operational continuity, Infrastructure vulnerability, Defense resilience framework, Earthquake risk mitigation, Critical systems interdependence.

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Mutual fund is a kind of investment. It is an expert financial intermediary through which investors can invest their saving into securities, so that return can be generated there after generated returns distributed to investors after deducting expenses related various heads of money investment expenses. There are 8.88 crore accounts in the mutual fund industry as at February 2020. 45 AMC are functioning in India by managing 267756152.35 crore INR, in the same period. Mutual fund investments are subject to market risk. Equity fund are most volatile fund. Recently due to corona virus global incident, global and Indian equity market fall significantly. There is also impact on NAV of equity fund. There is need to study, if such down fall continue for a long time, will individual investors remain invested? The study is conducted on the month of Jan -Feb 2020. Individual investors are studied; whose income level range are 3 - 7 lakh per annum. Sample is taken from three cities of the Chhattisgarh. Chi square test is conducted besides percentage analysis.

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Mutual fund disinvestment, Individual category, Chhattisgarh state, Chi Square test, February 2020

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Bharat me notbandi ke arthick prabhavo ka mulyankan

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«dAiÀÄ¥ÀÄgÀ f¯ÉèAiÀÄ ªÀ¸ÁºÀvÀÄ PÁ®zÀ gÁdQÃAiÀÄ EwºÁ¸À

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«dAiÀÄ¥ÀÄgÀ f¯ÉèAiÀÄ ªÀ¸ÁºÀvÀÄ PÁ®zÀ gÁdQÃAiÀÄ EwºÁ¸À

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E-books will take over soon so Days of hardbound and paperback will be no more. With growing acceptance of virtual books which can be downloaded on the book reading device. The real paper books are decreasing day by day for sure. I after the development of a concept "Service at your door step" an enormous question constantly arises before a librarian that how rapidly and precisely he is providing the eminence data to their user. Digital Library really shows an advantage in the regard by using recent technological expansions and revolutions. In this research paper, apart from position of the Digital Libraries Concept, an effort has been also mode some of the difficulties and problems difficult in producing and preserving a digital library. The library has, since long, been well-thought-out to be the so urge and power of knowledge and also the knowledge base. In higher education and research, the library has precise purposes to enable the wide-ranging use of learning resources by students, researchers and teachers. With the development of literature in large numbers even in the same field, these sets of library users have faced difficulties in recognizing the suitable literature for their use and meeting in a anticipated time frame.

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Digital library, Digital library development, Characteristics or Advantages and digital library problems.

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The Indian government's 2016 launch of Start-up India has proven to be a game-changer in fostering innovation and entrepreneurship. The program's success is demonstrated by the widespread acknowledgement of Indian unicorns, its dedication to promoting creativity, and its efforts towards promoting gender inclusivity. Start-up India continues to be a shining example of entrepreneurial development in India, despite ongoing challenges, and it holds great promise for future economic growth and innovation. This paper explores the significant impact of Start-up India, supported by strong statistical evidence gathered from 2016 to 2022. This paper also examined the growth trajectory of start-ups in India, important opportunities and challenges for entrepreneurs, and other relevant factors.

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Keywords: Start-up India, Entrepreneurship, Innovation, Incubation

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Inhibition properties of 2-Acyl pyridine derivative on mild steel in 1 M HCl was investigated using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). FE-SEM images of mild steel surface in the presence of inhibitors remains smooth with very less no. of pits as compared to blank acid solution. In the presence of inhibitors, AFM studied show that the variation in height sensor and the average surface roughness values obtained, are very less as compared to that obtained in blank solution. FE-SEM and AFM results showed that both the inhibitors 2-APN and ACN possess very good inhibition ability but 2-APN show comparatively better inhibition property than ACN. Both the results obtained from FE-SEM and AFM studied are in good agreement.

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Acid corrosion, corrosion inhibitor, mild steel, FE-SEM, AFM

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Cast aluminium alloys have attracted significant consideration in the automotive and aerospace industries due to their lightweight nature, cast ability, and one-of-a-kind mechanical properties. The demand and utilisation of cast aluminium alloys to improve the performance of products and reduce costs has been steadily increasing in recent years. There is a huge variety of aluminium alloys available, but the fact that they can be easily fabricated and have exceptional mechanical qualities makes them particularly appealing for a wide range of applications in the aerospace and automotive industries. Sand casting, gravity die casting, and pressure die casting are the typical methods that are utilised in the manufacturing process of cast items. These procedures were more prone to casting flaws than those of wrought goods because, at the present time, existing casting exercise is unable to consistently avoid casting errors. Consequently, casting defects were more likely to occur during these processes. However, in recent years, developments in casting methods have brought about significant improvements, which ought to be taken into consideration. Squeeze casting is one example of such an innovation.

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Aluminium, Alloys

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Planning Commission or Yojana Aayog the prestigious policy making institution for a long period of 65 years, was dissolved on 17th August 2014. After India achieved independence, the formal model of soviet- style planning was adopted and accordingly planning commission was established on March 15, 1950 with the Prime Minister as its Chairman. In 1951 the first five-year plans was launched despite the economic liberalization initiated by Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao in 1991, the Planning Commission continued but since 1997. It was felt that planning should be indicative in nature. However in view of the spirit and changed dynamics of New India's approach of less government and a move away from centralized planning. NITI Aayog with a new structure and focus on Policy, replaced Planning Commission on 1st January, 2015. Finance Minister Arun Jaitly outlined the necessity for creating NITI Aayog as "the 65years Planning Commission had become a redundant organization. It was relevant in a command economy structure, but not any longer. India is a diversified country and its states are in various phases of economic development along with their own strength and weakness. In this context a one size a 'one size fits all' approach to economic planning is obsolete. It cannot make India competitive in today's Global Economy."

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NITI Aayog - Transforming India's Development Agenda

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One of the great advantages of promoting a company is that the necessary capital for business can be raised from the general public by means of the public issue. This advantage is, however, enjoyed only by a public company which is listed at a recognized stock exchange. After the receipt of certificate of incorporation, if the promoters of a public limited company wishes to issue shares to the public, he will issue a document called prospectus. Prospectus is a document which helps the public company to raising funds. It is an invitation to the public to subscribe to the share capital of the public company. The prospectus should be prepared according to the law and issuing procedure also takes place according to the law. In this paper we will try to know about the kinds and contents of included under the prospectus as per the Companies Act, 2013.

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Company, Prospectus, Legal person

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In the present paper, we would like to discuss about Newton-Raphson Method. This method is a powerful technique for finding the roots of given equations numerically. It is based on the simple idea of linear approximation using direct iteration method. Here, we have studied the roots polynomial equations using Programming of FORTRAN & MATLAB and compared their results. We found that this method is faster than Bisectional method as well as False position method.

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Newton-Raphson Method, iteration method, FORTRAN & MATLAB Programming

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Positron life time measurement have been done for CdSe. Samples were prepared in pellet form. Two identical scintillation detectors with the time resolution 300 ps have been used to measure start and stop signal. PAL spectra have been recorded by connecting electronics and MCA data acquisition system. PAL spectra have been analyzed by PATFITT88 software to fit the life times. Samples were annealed and measured life times. The variation in positron lifetime as well as intensity for CdSe due to heat treatment is observed. The value of life time (?1) is attributed to diffused vacancies at grain boundaries and second life time(?2) is attributed to annihilation of positron directly trapped in vacancy like defect in the samples. It is clear from the tables that there is small change in life-time (?2 ) of annealed samples in comparison to pristine life-time (?1) in CdSe. Secondary lifetime (?2) increases but corresponding intensity decreases respectively, which indicate that concentration of defects is decreased due to annealing

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Defects study in CdSe using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy

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LPG POLICY AND GROWTH OF INDIAN ECONOMY

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Decision making styles, secondary school heads, educational qualification etc

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