Volume 1 | Issue 3

 Abstract

This paper mainly focused on the detection of Radar targets using Ternary coded sequences. Since there is no conventional technique available in the literature for the detection of targets using the Ternary coded sequences CAF technique is considered as an alternative technique to identify the presence or absence of target in various scenarios such as single stationary target, multi stationary targets, single moving target and multi moving targets.

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Cross Ambiguity Function, Ternary Sequences, Contour Plots.

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In 4G mobile technology is the next step in this direction. 4G communication systems is the next generation of wireless networks that will totally replace 3G communication networks. 4G is the fourth generation of broadband cellular network technology, succeeding 3G. A 4G system must provide capabilities defined by ITU in IMT Advanced. It is supposed to provide its customers with better speed and all IP based multimedia services. 4G communication systems is all about an integrated, global network that will be able to provide a comprehensive IP solution where voice, data and streamed multimedia can be given to users on an "Anytime, Anywhere" in the world. At present we have many technologies each capable of performing functions like supporting voice traffic using voice over IP (VoIP), broadband data access in mobile environment etc., but there is a great need of deploying such technologies that can integrate all these systems into a single unified system. 4G communication systems presents a solution of this problem as it is all about seamlessly integrating the terminals, networks and applications. The race to implement 4G is accelerating as well as quite challenging. The aim of this paper is to highlight the benefits, challenges in deployment and scope of 4G technologies.

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TDMA, FDMA, GPS 4G, 3G, VoIP, Wi-Fi, Wi-Max, PoC, CDMA, GPRS.

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Microwave induction method, a super fast method is used to synthesise 1, 8- Naphthridine derivatives. 1, 8- Naphthridine derivatives have been synthesised by reaction of the condensation products of the aromatic aldehyde derivatives and pyruvic acid with 2 - aminopyridine. In fact a mixture of aromatic aldehyde, pyruvic acid and 2- aminopyridine was achieved in few minutes.

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Naphthridines, microwave irradiation, solvent free conditions, 2 - aminopyridine.

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 Abstract

Sahitya me Mithakeeya Akarshan

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Sahitya me Mithakeeya Akarshan

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Influencer marketing has become a key strategy for enhancing brand awareness in India, driven by the increasing use of social media and digital platforms. This paper explores the impact of influencer marketing on brand awareness, focusing on the evolving trends, challenges, and future outlook in the Indian context. Through an in-depth analysis, the paper highlights how brands leverage influencers to target diverse consumer segments, especially through platforms like Instagram, YouTube, and emerging short-form video formats. The study identifies the growing importance of micro and nano-influencers, who offer more authentic engagement, and the role of data analytics in optimizing campaign effectiveness. Despite its success, influencer marketing in India faces challenges such as trust issues, regulatory gaps, and content oversaturation. The paper also discusses the regionalization of campaigns, as brands increasingly focus on vernacular content to engage non-English speaking audiences. Looking ahead, the future of influencer marketing in India appears promising, with advancements in AI and video content expected to shape its evolution. As brands continue to adapt to these changes, influencer marketing will remain a crucial tool for building brand awareness and fostering consumer loyalty.

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Influencer marketing, brand awareness, digital marketing, social media, micro-influencers, data analytics, video content, regional marketing, authenticity, consumer engagement.

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The use of synthetic pyrethroids has become increasingly prevalent in Indian agriculture due to their high efficacy, low mammalian toxicity, and cost-effectiveness. However, emerging evidence highlights their unintended ecological consequences, particularly on non-target insect biodiversity. This review synthesizes data and findings from peer-reviewed studies and governmental reports up to 2012, focusing on the impact of pyrethroids such as cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and fenvalerate on beneficial insect populations in Indian agroecosystems. The paper employs a secondary data-based review methodology, analysing numerical data on species decline, residue levels in environmental media, and trophic disruptions across various agricultural landscapes. Key findings indicate that pyrethroid exposure leads to a 30-60 percent reduction in natural enemies and pollinators, significant aquatic invertebrate mortality, and residue persistence in soil and water up to 21 days post-application. These ecological disturbances affect ecosystem services such as pollination, pest regulation, and nutrient cycling. The study also examines regulatory gaps and suggests mitigation strategies including integrated pest management, safer formulations, and stricter residue monitoring. The paper concludes that while pyrethroids offer agricultural benefits, their long-term ecological costs must be carefully weighed. Future directions emphasize the need for ecotoxicological research, policy refinement, and the promotion of bio-rational alternatives to preserve biodiversity and ensure agricultural sustainability in India.

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Synthetic pyrethroids, non-target insects, agroecosystems, biodiversity loss, residue persistence, ecological impact, pollinator decline, trophic disruption, India, integrated pest management.

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Tourism is a vital sector in India's economy, contributing significantly to GDP, employment, and cultural exchange. This study analyzes the growth and development of tourism in India, focusing on its challenges, opportunities, and international perspectives up to 2014. The research highlights key trends in domestic and international tourist arrivals, foreign exchange earnings, and India's global standing in tourism. The study employs both primary and secondary data, including surveys, reports from the Ministry of Tourism, World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC), and United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). The analysis reveals that while India experienced substantial growth in tourism, infrastructural gaps, hygiene concerns, and safety issues remained major deterrents. However, initiatives such as Incredible India, Visa-on-Arrival, and investments in adventure and medical tourism have created new opportunities for expansion. Findings suggest that India's global tourism rankings improved, with rising foreign tourist arrivals and increased revenue generation. The study emphasizes the need for policy reforms, enhanced infrastructure, digitalization, and sustainable tourism strategies to position India as a leading global tourist destination. The paper concludes with recommendations for improving India's competitiveness in the international tourism market.

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Keywords: Tourism in India, Economic Growth, International Tourism, Challenges and Opportunities, Policy Reforms, Sustainable Tourism.

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This paper explores the critical role of income tax planning in enhancing the financial reporting and performance of Indian companies. It delves into various tax planning strategies adopted by firms, highlighting the impact on profitability, cash flow management, and compliance with accounting standards. The study evaluates the significance of tax-saving mechanisms such as accelerated depreciation, R&D deductions, and exemptions under Section 10AA, alongside the role of Accounting Standard 22 (AS-22) and Ind AS 12 in ensuring accurate financial disclosures. Empirical analysis demonstrates that tax-efficient companies report higher returns on assets, improved profitability, and enhanced market valuation. Furthermore, the paper examines the compliance with accounting standards in tax planning and its implications for corporate governance, revealing the importance of aligning tax strategies with regulatory frameworks. The study underscores the potential of tax planning to optimize financial performance, reduce liabilities, and improve investor confidence. Overall, the research highlights the importance of ethical and transparent tax planning practices in ensuring long-term sustainability and growth for Indian companies in a dynamic regulatory environment.

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Income tax planning, financial reporting, corporate taxation, accounting standards, deferred tax liabilities, tax strategies, profitability, compliance, Indian companies, financial performance.

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Bhaskara II, also known as Bhaskaracharya, was a renowed Indian mathematician and astronomer who lived in 12th century. He considered one of the greatest mathematicians of medieval India, whose Contributions to mathematics and astronomy have these a significant impact on the development of those fields. His works, particularly siddhanta Siromani and Lilvati, Continue to be appreciated for their depth and clarity. Bhaskara II known for his work on quadratic equations, Diophantine equations and the pell equation. He also developed the concept of the Charavela method, an iterative algorithm for solving pell's equation.

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Astronomy, Medieval, Significant, impact, Iterative, Algorithm.

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Varahamihira, a name synonymous with ancient Indian wisdom, was a renowned astronomer, astrologer, mathematician, and polymath who flourished during the sixth century CE. His profound contributions to various fields of knowledge continue to inspire and intrigue scholars and enthusiasts alike. In the annals of ancient Indian history, Varahamihira stands out as a luminary figure, a polymath whose brilliance spanned the realms of astronomy, mathematics, astrology, and even architecture. Born in the early 6th century CE in Ujjain, a city that served as a major intellectual hub of its time, Varahamihira's contributions have left an indelible mark on Indian intellectual tradition.

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Synonymous, Polymath, Scholars, Luminary, Realms, architecture

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Rural development and poverty alleviation have been central to India's economic policies since independence. Rural banks, especially Regional Rural Banks (RRBs), have played a catalytic role in achieving these objectives, addressing gaps in rural credit, promoting financial inclusion, and encouraging entrepreneurship among the economically disadvantaged. This paper evaluates the role of rural banks in transforming rural economies in India. Using empirical data from 1980-2012, it analyzes trends in credit disbursement, non-performing assets (NPAs), and the impact of rural banks on poverty reduction. The findings suggest that targeted credit delivery, sectoral lending strategies, and financial literacy programs have contributed significantly to rural upliftment and highlight areas of improvement for sustainable rural development.

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Rural banking, poverty alleviation, Regional Rural Banks (RRBs), rural development, financial inclusion, agriculture credit, India

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The specially-abled would like to be viewed as people with challenges and not condemned as persons with defective body. Physical deficiencies present in the body could be from birth or could have been developed over a period of time, or could have occurred accidently. They are not ashamed of their disabilities and they do not want to be pitied. But society looks down upon them as products of pity, disgrace and uselessness, there by stigmatizing and marginalizing them. To know the reason for the formation of such kind of negative attitude towards specially-abled and caregivers, it is quintessential to study the historical perception of disability.

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specially abled, disability, mythology, attitude

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This study examines the impact of cultural competency on English language curriculum design, aiming to enhance students' engagement, motivation, and overall learning experiences. As globalization increasingly shapes educational environments, it is crucial to incorporate cultural awareness into English language teaching (ELT). This research employs a mixed-methods approach, utilizing surveys and interviews with educators and students across diverse educational settings. The findings reveal that integrating cultural competency into curriculum design fosters a more inclusive learning atmosphere, improves student participation, and enhances language acquisition. The study highlights essential strategies for developing culturally responsive curricula that address the diverse backgrounds of learners. The implications for educators and curriculum developers underscore the need for ongoing professional development in cultural competency to create effective and meaningful ELT programs.

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Cultural Competency , English Language Teaching (ELT), Curriculum Design, Inclusivity , Student Engagement, Language Acquisition and Professional Development

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Kautilya's Arthashastra is an important treatise on Public Administration in Ancient India. The article is not an attempt to question the veracity of Kautilya's Arthashastra. It focuses on certain salient elements of the template of public administration inscribed in Arthashastra (KA: 15.1). Arthashastra deals with the perennial problem of "acquiring and maintaining the earth". "Thus this Shastra," writes Kautilya, " is composed as a guide to acquire and secure this world" (KA: 5.1.).In the words of Kautilya, "In the happiness of the subjects lies the happiness of the king and in what is beneficial to the subjects his own benefit. What is dear to the king is not beneficial to him, but what is dear to the subjects is beneficial to him", (Bandopadya, 1980). Kautilya's Arthashastra is one of the most comprehensive treatises ever produced on state power, its acquisition, exercise and disruption (Rangarajan,1992). Several characters of the Arthashastra render it particularly relevant to the present context. The purpose of the paper is to explore the very idea on the different indicators and contexts of good governance espoused by Kautilya during the fourth century BCE.The Mauryan government also took effective and energetic measures to relieve the distress of the people. Elaborate precautions and remedial measures were enforced during famines, floods, droughts, rat-menace, outbreak of fire, menace from serpents and wild animals and evil spirits. 30 To prevent an outbreak of fire in summer, city and village people were required to cook outside, and nvever under the roof. Every hous-holder had to keep ready ten fire-fighting implements. People who worked with fire were to live in one locality.

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Keywords: Arthashastra, Public administration, Good governance.

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Street vendors are identified as self-employed workers in informal sector are coming from the marginalized section of the society. The paper tries to highlight the working life of street vendors in Malda Town. The study has been conducted to analyze the socio-economic conditions of street vendors in Malda Town of Malda District in the state of West Bengal. The working life of street vendors is explained in terms of their financial conditions, their working hours, and the issue of valuable services, legal status and contribution to the urban economy. The study is based on primary data collected from field survey. 120 street vendors have been randomly selected from six important business centre like Rathbari More near Netaji market, Post Office More near Chittaranjan market, Malda Rly Station, Malda District Hospital and Medical College, Mukdampur market and Sukanta more for the study. The study shows that vendors have been able to increase their financial empowerment regarding income, expenditure, savings and access of credits from different financial institutions. Although, vending is one of the sensitive jobs, vendors always be active and alert with opened eye, ear and mouth and they have extremely a long working hours. It has been further found that vendors are more united to establish their rights at workplace. Now they are facing a lot of problems of opposition from Public, Municipal authority and policemen, but their service contribution to the people in urban economy cannot be ignored.

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Vendors, Employment, Economic Empowerment, Problems at Work Place.

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d

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d

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d

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d

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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d

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d

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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d

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d

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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d

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d

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