Volume 12 | Issue 3

 Abstract

Abstract: Topical drug delivery system is a painless route of drug administration. There are different skin diseases and infections caused by fungus and microorganisms. which are treated with the probiotics or living microorganism which are used as active pharmaceutical agent. The purpose of writing this review article was to compile the recent literature with a special focus on a rational approaches of topical probiotic gel formulation and basic components of topical drug delivery systems. Topical applications of drugs have advantages of delivering the drug directly at the site of action and acting for a prolong period of time. Skin is one of the most widespread and important accessible organs on the human body for topical incorporation. it is the main route of topical drug delivery system. Many widely used topical probiotic products like ointments, creams and lotions have number of disadvantages as they are usually very sticky causing un-comfort to the patient after application. Moreover, they also have less spreading coefficient and need to apply with rubbing and also have the problem of stability , due to all these factors, within the major group of semisolid preparations; the use of gels has increased both in cosmetics and in pharmaceutical preparations because, A probiotic gel is colloid and it is typically 99% by weight formed by liquid material, which is immobilized by surface tension between it and a macromolecular network of fibers built from a small amount of a gelatinous ingredient present in the formation. In this revive we discus about the general Prepration and evaluation of probiotic gel

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Index Terms - Skin, Probiotic, gel, Topical, Novel,

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Earthquakes are a type of disaster that we often have to face posing risks to both people and buildings. The design of hospitals plays a significant role in ensuring the safety of patients and the smooth functioning of healthcare facilities during disasters. To address this challenge effectively a comprehensive design approach is required, incorporating architectural, structural resilience, functional continuity and operational responsiveness. This article explores strategies and principles that can enhance the earthquake resilience of hospital buildings. It involves using construction materials and techniques of withstanding seismic movements within the structure during an earthquake. Techniques like reinforced frames, damping systems, base isolators and other mechanisms help the building absorb kinetic energy during seismic events. Adaptable space layout and modular design allow adjustments to meet requirements while maintaining critical services like emergency care and surgery accessibility for patients. Incorporating redundancy in utility systems such as power supply, water sources and communication networks reduces the likelihood of system failures in case of disruptions to power supply or communication services. This analysis offers an approach, to designing earthquake hospital structures. This research emphasizes the significance of assessing risks developing building regulations constructing structures and utilizing advanced technology to reduce the impact of earthquake dangers.

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disaster preparedness, earthquake resilience, hospital architecture, seismic-resistant materials

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In this paper, we present a multidimensional, highly effective method for aggregating data for wireless sensor networks while maintaining privacy. The suggested system is resistant to data loss and secure against both active and passive privacy compromising attacks, such as the coalition attack from a rogue base station and kidnapped sensor nodes. With regard to cluster size, it achieves consistent communication overhead, which is helpful in large-scale WSNs. Due to its constant size communication overhead, the suggested strategy outperforms the previous privacy-preserving data aggregation scheme not only in terms of privacy preservation but also in terms of communication complexity and energy costs.

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Wireless Sensor Networks, Data Aggregation

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This paper explores the integration of federated learning with smart city frameworks with the goal of developing and deploying privacy-aware systems. The goal is to protect user privacy while utilizing decentralized data for smart city operations including environmental monitoring, public safety, and traffic control. Federated learning is a key technological advancement that allows smart cities to process and analyze data locally, improving service quality and protecting privacy at the same time. In the field of smart city data analytics, this paper demonstrates the revolutionary potential of federated learning, addresses related issues, and provides insight into real-world applications and the technology's future direction.

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Privacy-preserving, Federated Learning, Smart Cities

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Scholarships play a pivoting role in shaping the educational landscape of any country, especially in India where people are different in their financial and economic status. The scholarship among students results in facilitating educational opportunities for the economically disadvantage people from different regions in the country. The students having a reliable financial status are getting educational opportunities for their higher studies while the students who are not, are struggling to strive in their academic performance. This research article delves into the financial aid provided by the scholarships and how it impacts the students and understanding their financial attitudes and financial challenges. The data collection method used a survey distributed to 101 respondents in Mizoram region and using the tools SPSS for analysing the required findings.

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students, scholarship, financial attitude, academic challenges.

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This literature review examines the multifaceted applications of ChatGPT in various domains, emphasizing its role in healthcare, education, programming, and business operations. ChatGPT, a groundbreaking artificial intelligence developed by OpenAI, demonstrates significant potential in generating content, improving efficiency, and enhancing user experience. In healthcare, it aids in medical education, research, and diagnostic decision-making, although concerns about accuracy, bias, and ethical implications persist. In education and programming, ChatGPT excels in personalized learning, instructional assistance, and bug fixing, while also presenting challenges related to ethical use and integration with existing systems. Moreover, ChatGPT has shown promising results in cybersecurity research, albeit with risks such as phishing and privacy breaches. Across various industries, including medical, educational, and sales sectors, ChatGPT's versatility and adaptability highlight its transformative impact on modern industries. Despite its strengths, the review underscores the necessity for human oversight, ethical considerations, and continuous research to optimize its capabilities and address existing limitations. Thus, while ChatGPT offers transformative opportunities, its responsible integration and use remain imperative for maximizing benefits and mitigating risks.

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Review on ChatGPT

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Microspheres are characterized by their free-flowing protein or synthetic polymer powders, with particles ranging in size from one to a thousandth of an inch. The array of methods available for creating microspheres presents a multitude of chances to manage drug delivery and improve a medication's therapeutic performance. A medicinal ingredient can be delivered to the target place in several ways using prolonged controlled release techniques. Using microspheres, sometimes referred to as microparticles, as drug carriers is one such strategy. If changed, it is a dependable way to transport the medication to the intended location with specificity and to keep the concentration at the site of interest where it is wanted. Microspheres have drawn a lot of interest for their ability to target anticancer medications in addition to their sustained release. Microspheres will play a key role in innovative drug delivery in the future by combining several different techniques, specifically in diseased cell sorting, diagnostics, gene & genetic materials, safe, targeted, and efficient in vivo delivery, and supplements as tiny replicas of diseased organs and tissues in the body.

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Microspheres, Types of microspheres, Method of preparation

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Programmers face situations where they have to rely on messy documentation, other developers and online search for basic programming commands and queries when they encounter any new programming environment. This leads to the waste of time of developers and decreases productivity. Code Sensei is a revolutionary tool aimed at streamlining the coding process for developers of all levels. By leveraging advanced machine learning algorithms, it offers real-time code suggestions, analysis, and generation. This enhances productivity, reduces coding errors, and ultimately saves valuable development time & which assists the programmers with basic programming queries that they face when they are new to a programming environment. It allows students to undertake programming exercises and receive interactive guidance in getting their programs to compile and run. This is the tool developed to assist students and instructors in solving their practical lab session problems, which comes with features such as error handling and solve common problems related to coding.

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: "Artificial Intelligence", "Assistant", "Online learning", "Generative model", "Encoder-Decoder".

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This study targets to explore the potential of health drinks in promoting the physical growth of adolescent students aged 18-25 in the remote areas of Odisha. In these marginalized regions, access to proper nutrition is limited, which can adversely affect the overall well-being of the youth during this critical stage of life. The research investigates the effectiveness of health drinks as a supplement to their regular diets, examining the impact on factors such as stamina, energy levels, muscle development, bone health, and cognitive function. By introducing these specially formulated health drinks, the study aim to bridge nutritional gaps and encourage healthier dietary habits among the target population. The study also highlights the importance of using natural ingredients and adhering to stringent quality standards in the production of these beverages. Educational initiatives on nutrition accompany the introduction of health drinks, empowering the students and their communities with knowledge about maintaining a balanced and healthy lifestyle. The findings from this research can provide valuable insights for policymakers, healthcare professionals, and educators, to develop sustainable strategies for improving the physical growth and overall health of adolescent students in remote areas of Odisha.

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Education, Growth, Healthcare, Adolescent, Odisha

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The Blockchain Based Fund Management System is an innovative online platform that utilizes blockchain technology to transfigure the operation of finances. This system introduces translucency and fairness by furnishing public access to project progress for all stakeholders. Client contribute funds in the form of cryptocurrencies, which are securely stored in smart contract.. These smart contracts insure the automatic allocation of funds to project directors grounded on predefined milestones. As design milestones are achieved and vindicated, separate finances are released automatically to the project manager or director's wallet. This ensures an indifferent distribution process and eliminates the need for centralized banks and third- party intervention. likewise, each milestone's data submitted by the manager is recorded on the blockchain, creating an inflexible transaction history. This real- time visibility enables guests, directors, and other stakeholders to singly corroborate the application of finances and the completion of milestone. The system's translucency and responsibility significantly reduce information imbalances and implicit controversies, fostering a cooperative and harmonious terrain among all stakeholders

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Blockchain, Fund Management, Transparency, Smart Contracts, Cryptocurrencies, Milestones, Accountability, Stakeholders

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Social media has remodeled the way people connect, communicate and share information. It has transformed various aspects of our lives, including the way we shop and engage in e-commerce. Rather than relying on traditional methods such as magazines, radio and television, consumers are progressively using social networking sites to look for information regarding various products and services. With the rise of platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and YouTube, social media has become an integral part of the business landscape, playing a significant role in the growth and success of e-commerce businesses. The convergence of social media and e-commerce has created new opportunities for businesses to reach and engage with their target audience. Social media platforms provides an extensive user base allowing businesses to exhibit their products or services to a vast number of potential customers in unique ways. The study aims to investigate the role of social media in e-commerce, specifically focusing on consumer engagement and purchase decisions. By understanding how social media influences consumer behavior, businesses can optimize their marketing strategies to enhance consumer engagement and drive sales in the e-commerce landscape.

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Social media, E-commerce, consumer engagement, consumer purchase decision.

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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY The word 'insomnia' originates from the latin "in"(no) and "somnus (sleep)."It is the first psychosomatic disorder to be described by Johan Heinroth in 1818.1 The term Insomnia is derived from the French word "Insomnie", insomnia clinically presents as a subjective perception of dissatisfaction with the amount and/or quality of the sleep. Difficulty in falling asleep may be primarily due to behavioural cognitive factors such as worrying in bed or having unreasonable expectations of sleep duration.as insomnia is both a symptom and a disorder in itself, detailed evaluation of the problem is imperative before reaching a clinical diagnosis2 In 2005, the National Institutes of Health held a state of the science conference on the manifestations of chronic insomnia in Adults, a summary of this conference can be obtained at the NIH consensus development program Insomnia is a sleep disorder where individual finds difficult to fall asleep. Sleep studies measures the body's ability to sleep while also detecting ways the body responds to certain sleep problems.when left untreated can cause serious health risks such as- High blood pressure, stroke, heart disease, diabetes, depression etc.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY o To assess the Prevalence of Insomnia among nursing students of selected Nursing colleges of Guwahati, Assam. o To find out the associated factors of Insomnia among nursing students in the selected Nursing colleges of Guwahati, Assam. o To associate the prevalence and associated factors on insomnia among nursing students of the selected Nursing colleges of Guwahati , Assam with the selected demographic variable. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The research approach adopted was quantitative approach. Non experimental research design was used in this study. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the samples. The study was conducted in the selected nursing colleges of Guwahati, Assam who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The tools used for the study were standard questionnaire to assess the prevalence of insomnia. RESULTS: The study revealed that out 180 nursing students, 98(54.44%) had good sleep quality and 82(45.56%) had poor sleep quality. 59(32.8%) students belongs to the age group 20-22 years had insomnia, 81(45.0%) students were female, 31(17.2%) students belong to 4th year B.Sc. nursing students, 2(1.1%) were suffering from medical conditions, (52.8%)consume coffee daily before bedtime , 21(11.7%)have effects of sleep in functioning day to day life, 14(58.3%) use <1 hours mobile phone before sleep for games, 29(19.7%) students use mobile phone for social media , 44(34.1%) students use <1hrs mobile phone for assignments, 38(21.1%) students have dinner 9-11 pm, 68(37.8%) students stays in hostel. In the association of level of sleep quality among the nursing students with their selected demographic variables and associated factors the demographic variables such as use of mobile phone before sleep for assignments, usual time for dinner shows statistically significant association with the level of sleep quality among nursing students at p<0.05 the demographic variables such as age, gender, educational status, any medical conditions, consumption of tea or coffee before sleep ,effect of sleep in functioning day to day life, ,place of stay did not show statistically significant association with the level of sleep quality among the nursing students with their selected demographic variables at p<0.05 level of significance CONCLUSION: The study concluded that out of 180 nursing students 98(54.44%) had good sleep quality and 82(45.56) had poor sleep quality .Poor sleep quality was observed among B.Sc. nursing students in all batches with different demographic factors regardless of poor sleep quality majority of the students had good sleep quality. Efforts should be made to recognize insomnia and treat at earliest.

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KEYWORD: Prevalence, nursing student, insomnia ,associated factors.

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The use of compressed natural gas (CNG) as an alternative transportation fuel has gained attention due to its potential environmental benefits and cost savings compared to gasoline. Understanding consumer preferences regarding CNG vehicles is crucial for promoting their widespread adoption. This study aims to investigate the factors influencing consumer preferences for CNG vehicles through a comprehensive analysis of demographic characteristics, environmental concerns, cost considerations, and perceived risks associated with CNG technology. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to gather insights from potential and existing CNG vehicle owners. The findings reveal that while cost savings and environmental consciousness are significant motivators, concerns about limited refueling infrastructure, range anxiety, and safety perceptions hinder the adoption of CNG vehicles. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers, automakers, and energy companies to develop strategies that address consumer concerns and promote the wider acceptance of CNG as a viable alternative fuel option.

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CNG vehicles, Alternative fuel vehicles, Environmental concerns, Refueling infrastructure, Emissions reduction.

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The usage of mobile payments has become more popular nowadays. However, most of the people prefer mobile payments for their transactions which is one of the fintech product. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors influencing retailer's intention to adopt the mobile payments. Previous researches of mobile payments mainly concentrated on the expectations and opinions of the consumers and the regular users of the mobile payments. This study focused on the retailer's perspective of the mobile payments' usage in the business and how well this mobile payment adoption fit well with their business. The samples of the study are the 351 respondents. Primary data was obtained from 351 respondents through structured questionnaire. This data was analyzed using the descriptive statistics, correlation, regression, chi-square. SPSS 20 was used for the analysis purpose. The findings indicates that the image, intention to use, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness have a significant impact on the intention to use and the usage behaviour. Variables like compatibility, result demonstrability, risk and voluntariness does not have any impact on the intention to use. and the usage behaviour.

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Mobile payments, Behavioral Intention, Correlation, Regression, Chi-square.

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Abstract-This article emphasizes the Life Sketch of Swavhakabi Ganghadhar Meher. Educational philosophy of Swabhakabi Ganghadhar Meher with respects to a.)Meanings & concept of Education, b.) Aims of education, c.) Curriculum and text book, d.) Methodology of teaching,e.) Discipline, f.) Teacher g.) School, h.) the pupil and Educational Contribution of Swabhakabi Ganghadhar Meher.

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Key word- Educational philosophy ,Swabhakabi Ganghadhar Meher , concept of Education, b.) Aims of education, c.) Curriculum and text book, d.) Methodology of teaching,e.) Discipline, f.) Teacher g.) School, h.) the pupil and Educational Contribution

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Micro-teaching is a training technique aimed at simplifying the complexities of normal classroom teaching. It is described as a "scaled down teaching encounter in class size and class time. The main objective of the present study is to study the influence of locality and type of family on the Micro teaching of B.Ed. students. Riaz Ahammad, S. (2009) was adopted from Chowdavaram Siva Kumar (2017) to measure the attitude of B.Ed. students towards micro teaching. A sample of 320 B.Ed. students representing all categories of B.Ed. colleges in Chittoor District by following the standardized procedures. 't' - test was employed for analysis of the data. There is significant influence of locality and type of family at 0.01 level of significance on the Micro teaching of B.Ed. students. Rural students and Nuclear family group have more micro teaching causes than the Urban and Joint family group students. Gover

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Micro teaching, Locality, Type of family and B.Ed. students.

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Natural language processing uses paraphrasing extensively in applications including question-answering, machine translation, and text-simplification. Transformers-based models have recently produced cutting-edge results on a variety of natural language processing tasks, including paraphrasing. The Microsoft Research Paraphrase Corpus, MS COCO, and Google PAWS datasets, as well as the Quora Question Pairs dataset, were used to train our paraphrase model in this project, which is built on the T5 and Bart transformers. We use a number of benchmark datasets to validate our model. We also conduct a thorough evaluation of our model's performance and investigate the impact of various hyperparameters and training approaches. Our findings suggest that our model can be used for a wide variety of paraphrasing tasks and show the usefulness of transformers-based models for paraphrasing. We are using T5 model in our project for text generation purpose, Parrot model for small scaled paraphrasing and PAWS model for large scale paraphrasing. Furthermore, in addition to all these features, we have incorporated a novel voice-based text input feature, enhancing the accessibility and usability of our paraphrasing system.

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Paraphrasing, Transformers, T5, BART.

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Politics and international affairs are just two of the areas of society that artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming. This abstract investigates the complex political ramifications of artificial intelligence on world affairs. First, AI technology can increase public administration's efficiency, transparency, and ability to make decisions. This can improve governance. However, implementation of AI in political institutions is hindered by worries about privacy, accountability, and biases caused by AI. Second, AI is changing the geopolitical landscape by impacting cyber warfare, military prowess, and intelligence collection, which is creating strategic rivalry between states. Furthermore, the growth of misinformation and disinformation operations driven by AI exacerbates foreign relations issues and jeopardizes democratic processes. Moreover, AI makes socioeconomic disparities already present worse, sparking discussions about benefit distribution and the nature of labor in the future.

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1 A.I, Cyber Security, Ethical Dilemma, Multifaceted Computational

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Cloud-based data storage service has drawn increasing interests from both academic and industry in the recent years due to its efficient and low cost management. Since it provides services in an open network, it is urgent for service providers to make use of secure data storage and sharing mechanism to ensure data confidentiality and service user privacy. To protect sensitive data from being compromised, the most widely used method is encryption. However, simply encrypting data (e.g., via AES) cannot fully address the practical need of data management. Besides, an effective access control over download request also needs to be considered so that Economic Denial of Sustainability (EDoS) attacks cannot be launched to hinder users from enjoying service. In this paper, we consider the dual access control, in the context of cloud-based storage, in the sense that we design a control mechanism over both data access and download request without loss of security and efficiency. Two dual access control systems are designed in this paper, where each of them is for a distinct designed setting. The security and experimental analysis for the systems are also presented.

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Denial of Sustainability, AES, Dual Access, Privacy

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