Volume 12 | Issue 3

 Abstract

Among the direct energy deposition methods, one of the most energy-efficient is the wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) technique based on metal inert gas welding (MIG-WAAM). The MIG-WAAM technique uses wire and arc to deposit a material layer by layer. The temperature distribution during layer-by-layer deposition in the wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) method is influenced by the route planning in the metal deposition process. The quality of the metal deposition and its dimensional precision are influenced by temperature distribution. This study represents the development of a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) based model for the MIG-WAAM process to analyze the impact of temperature distribution on the metal deposition process. Using the MIG-WAAM technique, the proposed model has been utilized to simulate metal deposition of SS304L multilayer rectangular box structures on mild steel substrates. The distribution of temperatures across the material that has been deposited has been observed. The findings demonstrated that temperature concentrations occur at every step in the deposition process, potentially resulting in a decline in deposition quality. To enable smoother and higher-quality metal deposition, the established model may be further utilized to construct a feedback-based temperature control system.

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MIG, WAAM, Finite Element Analysis.

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ABSTRACT Background of the study: Cancer is a leading cause of death in the United States and worldwide. Cancer screening tests discover cancer at early stages, even before symptoms appear. When abnormal tissues or a malignant mass is found early, treatment and cure rates are improved. AIM: A present investigation was to assess the level of knowledge and perception towards prevention and early detection of cancer among Adult population in rural area. Materials and methods: 300 adult were selected making by random sampling technique. Data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Result: The study result shows that among adult, majority 146(48.7%) of adult population were in the age groups 41-50 years and very few 49(16.3%) were in the age groups of 31-40 years, majority 212(70.7%) of study participant were married and very few 88(29.3%) were singles, majority 140(46.7%) of the sample were studied secondary school and very few 77(25.7%) were studied primary school, majority 171(57.0%) of adult were civil servant and very few 30(10.0%) were doing others, majority 281(53.6%) of the participants were not working in health sector and very few 19(3.6%) were working in health sectors, majority 219(73.0%) had no chronic health problems and remaining 81(27.0%) had chronic health problems, majority 266(88.7%) of the adults had inadequate knowledge towards prevention and early detection of cancer, 34(11.3%) had moderately adequate knowledge and there were no adults with adequate knowledge. The study shows that there was no correlation between knowledge and perception towards prevention and early detection of cancer among adult and there was no association between knowledge score with selected demographic variables among study participants such as age, gender, marital status, education, occupation, area of work, working in health sector, family history, and chronic health problems. Conclusion: In this study, the research scholar concluded that there was no correlation between knowledge and perception towards prevention and early detection of cancer among adult.

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Key Words: Knowledge, Perception, Cancer, Prevention, Detection

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This study compares the water quality and species richness between the partially polluted Devapur Minor project and the non-polluted Nandigama Minor project. Water quality parameters such as pH and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) were analyzed alongside species richness to assess the ecological health of these projects. The pH levels in both projects remained within acceptable ranges for aquatic life, with minor fluctuations observed. However, the TDS levels showed variations between the projects, with Devapur exhibiting higher TDS values compared to Nandigama. Species richness data were not provided in the provided information. Continuous monitoring and management practices are recommended to maintain optimal water quality for the well-being of aquatic ecosystems in both projects.

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PH meter, TDS Meter, Water sample, Camera, DO method birds observation, Devapur Minor project, Nandigama Minor project, water quality, species richness, pH, Total Dissolved Solids, ecological health, monitoring, management. practices.t

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Background: Hypertension is a growing public health concern linked to cardiovascular disease. Effective management hinges on patients' knowledge about the condition and their adherence to medication. This study assessed these factors in a North Indian tertiary care hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study recruited 1000 participants (April 2021-October 2022) using systematic random sampling. Validated Morisky questionnaires evaluated knowledge and medication adherence. Data analysis was performed with SPSS software. Results: Among the 1000 participants (520 male, 480 female), 78.3% demonstrated adequate general knowledge of hypertension. However, a concerning knowledge gap existed regarding individual disease status. Notably, 21.7% were unaware of their diagnosis, 33.6% couldn't recall their diagnosis blood pressure, and 73.0% were unaware of their most recent blood pressure reading. Medication adherence was suboptimal, with forgetfulness (32.0%) and disrupted routines (18.0%) cited as primary reasons. Conclusion: This study identified a disconnect between general hypertension knowledge and personal disease understanding. Despite some knowledge, many patients lacked awareness of their diagnosis and blood pressure control. Additionally, medication adherence was low. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to address knowledge gaps and adherence barriers, ultimately improving blood pressure control.

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Hypertension, Knowledge, Awareness, Medication Adherence, Blood Pressure Control

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?? ?????? ????? ??? ?? 1724 ?? 1750 ?? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ???, ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?????, ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ??????, ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ???, ?????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???, ????? ?????? ???? ???, ????? ?????-?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ???, ???? ?? ????-????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????, ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??, ?? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????????, ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ??, ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????????, ?????????, ???????, ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ??, ?? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ????????, ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ???

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????? ???????, ????????, ??????? ?????, ??????-????? ?????, ????-????? ?????, ?????, ?????? ????, ??????? ?????, ????????, ?????????, ???????, ???? ?? ?????

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??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???????, ?????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ??, ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???, ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???????, ?????? ??? ?????????? ????? ?? ????????? ??, ????? ????? ???? ????????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? 2015 ??? '??? ????? ??????' ?? '?????? 2030' ?? ??? ?? ??? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??????????, ???????, ??????????, ???? ????? ??? ????????, ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ????????? ????????? ????? ?? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ????? ??? ??? ???????, ????? ??????? ??? ???????, ?????????, ?????? ?????????, ???? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ??????, ???????? ?? ??????, ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???, ???????-?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??, ?? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???-???? '?????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????- ???????? ????? ?? ??? ??????,' ??? ?? ?? ???

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????? ?????- ?????? ????????, ??? ?????, ???????? ??????? , ???, ??????? ?

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This comparative study examines risk and return dynamics in the pharmaceutical sector, assessing financial metrics, market trends, and regulatory landscapes. By focusing on publicly traded companies across various segments, it aims to provide insights for investors and policymakers to understand risk profiles and inform decision-making. Utilizing quantitative analysis techniques and historical data, the study seeks to offer a comprehensive evaluation of risk-return trade-offs and their implications for stakeholders in the pharmaceutical industry.

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Risk and Return, Pharma Sector and Beta.

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This study examines into the intricate tapestry of colonial travel narratives, meticulously unraveling the intricacies of the politics of representation interwoven within. The primary objective is to discern the intricate ways in which power dynamics, biases, and cultural preconceptions find expression and perpetuation through the art of representation. Employing a rigorous examination of a diverse array of textual and visual narratives from the imperial period, the study meticulously dissects the types and tropes used in these accounts. Through this methodical exploration, the research adeptly navigates the complex terrain of colonial perspectives, shedding light on the foundational socio-political dynamics that shape and influence the composition of these narratives. Ultimately, the paper aspires to advance our understanding of the broader implications of representation within the context of colonial encounters and its enduring impact on the narrative fabric of history.

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Travel Narratives, Unraveling, Power Dynamics, Colonial Encounters

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The perspective of higher education is undergoing a profound transformation driven by the convergence of information technology (IT) and artificial intelligence (AI). This paper digs into the multifaceted applications of these technologies, analyzing their potential to revolutionize teaching, learning, and research practices. We explore how IT and AI can personalize learning experiences, enhance accessibility, promote deeper engagement, and foster innovative research methodologies. Additionally, we address the challenges associated with their integration, including ethical considerations, data privacy concerns, and the need for faculty development.

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Artificial Intelligence, Information Technology, Personalized Learning, Higher Education

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ABSTRACT Background of the study: During the past decades musculoskeletal disorders have been progressively common throughout the world. It is the one of the most common work related complication in working individual. Due to inactive and tiring lifestyle; there is a constant increase in severity, frequency and intensity of pain in neck that may cause stiffness and tension on areas of neck. Musculoskeletal complaints regarding neck region are extensively present in sewing machine workers. As this profession involves highly monotonous, repetitive work in sitting position with bent neck and upper part of back curved on the sewing machine for longer duration. This kind of effort requires greater concentration and precision.1 Aim of the study: To evaluate the effectiveness of isometric neck exercises among self employed sewing machine operators Methodology: The design selected for the study was pre experimental one group pretest - posttest design. 40 self employed sewing machine operators are selected by using non probability sampling technique (Convenient & purposive sampling). Knowledge was assessed through a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. ; Visual Analogue Scale for assessment of neck pain. Results: Present study revealed, majority 15(37.5%) of the self employed sewing machine operators were in the age groups 21-25 years and very few 4(10.0%) were in the age groups of 31-35 years, majority 22(55.0%) of the self employed sewing machine operators were males and 18(45.0%) were female, majority 28(70.0%) of the self employed sewing machine operators were married and remaining 12(30.0%) were singles, majority 26(65.0%) of the self employed sewing machine operators were belongs to the nuclear family and remaining 14(35.0%) were belongs to the joint family, majority 14(35.0%) of the self employed sewing machine operators had income between Rs11000-15000 and remaining 7(17.5%) had income between Rs5000-10,000, majority 14(35.0%) of the self employed sewing machine operators had work experience between 2-3 years and very few 6(15.0%) had work experience between 4-5 years, majority 29(72.5%) of the self employed sewing machine operators working 4-5 hours/day and very few 4(10.0%) working 2-3 hours/day, majority 30(75.0%) of the self employed sewing machine operators had not utilized rest hours and remaining 10(25.0%) had utilized rest hours, it was seen that out of 40 self employed sewing machine operators, majority 28(70.0%) had mild neck pain, followed by 7(17.5%) had moderate pain, very few 5(12.5%) had severe neck pain and there were no sewing machine operators with NO Pain. It was revealed that there was no association between neck pain of Self Employed Sewing Machine Operators with selected demographic variable such as utilization of rest hours, but pain score was highly associated with Age, gender, marital status, types of family, family income, work experience and working/day with chi-square p-value less than 0.0001. Conclusion: It was concluded that isometric neck exercise was highly effective in reducing pain among the self employed sewing machine operators.

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Key Words: Isometric Neck Exercises, Neck Pain, Self Employed Sewing Machine Operators

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Tonk

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With applications ranging from playlist creation and music recommendation to content-based music retrieval, music genre categorization is a crucial task in the field of music information retrieval. This review article offers a thorough analysis of the most recent approaches, difficulties, and trends in music genre classification. We examine several approaches, such as audio-based and lyrics-based approaches, hybrid models that incorporate multiple modalities, and features utilized for automatic genre classification. The study analyzes how music genre classification has changed over time, moving from manual feature extraction and genre taxonomy, two old methodologies, to more recent advancements in deep learning and neural networkbased techniques. We investigate the effects of massive music datasets and data augmentation methods on the effectiveness of genre classifiers. Furthermore, we discuss the evaluation of classification models, including widely used metrics and benchmark datasets. Cross-genre classification, fine-grained genre classification, and the incorporation of cultural and contextual aspects into the categorization process are just a few of the difficulties and open research problems in the discipline that are discussed. We also stress how important it is for users to trust and accept music genre classification models, which is essential for implementation in real-world applications. The study also discusses how music genre classification can be used in realworld contexts in fields like music streaming, recommendation engines, and music analysis. Last but not least, it provides information about possible future prospects for study in this field, including making use of cutting-edge tools like neural network search, federated learning, and the incorporation of user feedback for customized genre classification. With the goal of illuminating the most recent developments and the difficulties that still remain in the effort to more fully comprehend and automate the classification of musical genres, this study promises to be an invaluable resource for researchers, practitioners, and amateurs interested in music genre classification.

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audio classification, feature extraction, musical genre classification, music information retrieval, artificial neural network, MFCC, multiplayer perceptron, spectrogram.

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Creation or deconstruction of literature is a great challenge for a writer. The review of the past in the contemporary context or the new one in the context of the past, analysis, Values or re-examination of values probably not only makes the quality of literature excellent, but also makes the reader concuss. Through deconstruction, a parallel linear formula is developed with the present, in which the multidimensionality of meaning is inserted. In the 19th century or earlier, there were many changes in people's thinking and consciousness, but people were hit by two consecutive world wars by which brought a radical change in the world of thought. In that sense the 20th century is the pasture of theoretical analysis. French Philosopher Jacques Derrida was one of its main pioneers. His mind and philosophical analysis extended postmodern philosophy in a different direction. Even today, the trend of divergent views and analysis of literature continues. Dr. Tapodhir Bhattacharya is an eminent discussant and pioneer of the Binirman theory in Bengali literature. In the proposed article there will be discussed about writer Selina Hossain's' most discussed novel 'Neel Mayurer Jouban' which is a search for roots of a race. Not only that re-evaluation of values, had transplantation of present in the older ones reflected.

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construction, deconstruction, contemporary, context, values, ultidimensionality, revisionism, symbolic, parallel, linear, and representative.

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The word "creativity" has its origins in the Latin term "creare," which means "to create" or "to produce." The concept of creativity has been a fundamental aspect of human expression and innovation throughout history. While the term itself may not have been explicitly coined until relatively recently, the essence of creativity--manifested through artistic endeavours, scientific discoveries, and technological innovations--has been integral to human culture for millennia. The formal study and exploration of creativity as a distinct psychological phenomenon emerged in the 20th century, with pioneers such as psychologist J.P. Guilford and his work on divergent thinking contributing to the development of the modern understanding of creativity. Since then, creativity has become a subject of interdisciplinary inquiry, with researchers from various fields seeking to elucidate its nature, mechanisms, and implications across diverse domains of human endeavour.

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"CREATIVITY MEASUREMENT FROM PAST TO TODAY"

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Background Stretching exercise for pregnant women have been greatly appreciated and beneficial, which helps in tolerating labour pain emotionally and physically, increases muscle strength, decreases unhealthy weight gain, reduces incidence of haemorrhoids, varicose veins back ache and fatigue causations. Midwives are in the right position to take over the benefits to pregnant mothers and make them healthier and relieved from suffering. The objective of the study to assess the effectiveness of stretching exercise on the level of back pain among pregnant mothers Methodology A quasi experimental study, pre -test post -test design with control group design was adopted. A total 60 samples of were enrolled 30 in experimental group and 30 in control group by non probability sampling technique. The setting of the study was at Dr Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil Pravara Rural Hospital, Loni (Bk). The tools used for present study was socio demographic, clinical characteristics pregnant mothers and back pain was assess by Modified Ronald Morris Back Pain Questionnaires. The demonstration of stretching exercises was implemented after taking written consent from pregnant mothers. The pregnant mothers were instructed to practice stretching exercises twice in a day in experimental group. The stretching exercises for present study including slow walking, deep breathing exercises, ankle to toe movement and back stretch exercise for 30 min. Post test was conducted after seven days when pregnant mothers visited for follow up. The data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The control group received routine care. Result The reveled calculated't' value in experimental group was 23.08. Which was significant at p < 0.05 level. It is interpreted that stretching exercises was highly effective in reducing back pain among pregnant mothers. Calculated chi square (?2) reveled association between level of back pain scores with selected socio demographic variables like parity and gestational age. Conclusion The present study revealed that stretching exercises was effective to reduced back pain among pregnant mothers.

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Effectiveness, back pain, stretching exercises, antenatal mothers.

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ABSTRACT: This study investigates customer satisfaction towards online shopping products in Coimbatore City, aiming to provide insights into the dynamics of the local online retail market. Through demographic analysis and examination of purchasing habits, the study explores factors influencing satisfaction levels among consumers. Findings reveal the dominance of smartphones for shopping and the popularity of platforms like Amazon and Flipkart. Demographic profiles highlight diverse consumer backgrounds, shaping preferences and behaviours. Key factors impacting satisfaction include product variety, pricing, delivery speed, payment options, website usability, and customer service. While certain aspects receive positive feedback, areas for improvement such as delivery speed and customer service are identified. The study offers suggestions for enhancing the online shopping experience, including optimizing delivery speed and payment options. These findings provide valuable insights for businesses and policymakers seeking to improve customer satisfaction and drive growth in the digital marketplace of Coimbatore City.

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Key words: Customer Satisfaction, Online Shopping, Coimbatore City, Demographic Analysis, Purchasing Habits, Smartphones, Pricing, Delivery Speed, Customer Service, Website, Improvement Suggestions, Digital Marketplace.

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The negative impacts and threat posed by synthetic dyes have led to a significant increase in interest in natural dyes derived from plant sources in recent years. The primary goal of obtaining dyes from natural plant sources is to prevent pollution of the environment. Many studies are being conducted worldwide on the usage of natural dyes in light of the current global concern over the use of eco-friendly and biodegradable products. In this study dyes are extracted from different part of plants i.e., Ixora Coccinea Flower (pink), Nerium Oleander Flower (red), Tradescantia Pallida flower, Portulaca Oleracea, Cissus Qudrangularis stem and Celosia Cristata stem. The fabrics were mordanted with copper sulphate, ferrous sulphate and potassium chromate for fastening of the imparted colours. The dyes produced from these flowers were dyed on cotton fabrics and tested for their colour fastness to washing properties. The dyed cottons fabrics were observed with different shades of colour. Moreover, the dyes obtained from the plant flowers may also be alternative sources to synthetic dyes for the dyeing of natural cotton fibre.

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Natural dyes, Biodegradable, Ixora Coccinea Flower (pink), Nerium Oleander Flower (red), Tradescantia Pallida flower, Portulaca Oleracea, Cisus Quadrangularis stem and Celosia Cristata stem.

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Abstract: Vicharchika is one of the eleven Kshudrakushta. Vicharchika's lakshana is "KanduPidikaShyavaBahusrava". Vicharchika is a Kapha dosha pradhan vyadhi, according to Acharya Charaka. Acharya Vagbhata referred to Vicharchika as Pitta Kapha Pradhan Vyadhi. Eczema is a disorder similar to Vicharchika, with symptoms including pruritus, erythema, edema, vesiculation, leaking, crusting, and scaling. Patients with skin diseases may face physical and psychological shame in society. This requires the condition to be approached through many forms of treatment in order to get the desired effect. This case report is about a 30-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with Vicharchika and complained of a black skin lesion on both legs, along with drainage, burning, and itching. Methods: The subject was treated with DhamargavaKsheerapaka vamana, and assessments were conducted on the first and tenth days based on the lakshana following Samsarjana karma EASI score. Result: After Vamana and 7 days of therapy, there was an important decrease in symptoms and signs, as well as the EASI score.

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Vicharchika ,Kushta, Eczema, Vamana, Dhmargava Ksheera paka

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The utilization of residual wastes from banana for the production of higher titre of cellulase enzymes in submerged fermentation was evaluated. Streptomyces aureofaciens (MTCC 325) exhibited faster and higher growth in the basal salt medium with banana agro waste compared to Streptomyces albidoflavus. The maximum cellulase production (6.641 IU/ml) of S. aureofaciens using glucose as a sole carbon source in submerged fermentation was comparatively higher than S. albidoflavus. Similarly, while using yeast extract as sole nitrogen source, S. aureofaciens has showed maximum cellulase production of 5.74 IU/ml, which was comparatively higher than S. Albidoflvus (4.88IU/ml). SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the molecular weight of the partially purified enzyme was 70 kDa and 72 kDa for Streptomyces aureofaciens and Streptomyces albidoflavus respectively. The optimum culture conditions for cellulase production using the above two novel actinomycetes were also studied. The maximum cellulase activity was observed on the 5th day of incubation at 35-45?C, at the pH range of 6.0 - 7.0 for both the strains.

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Banana agro waste, cellulase, S. aureofaciens, S.albidoflavus, submerged fermentation

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The temple is considered as most sacred by the local people. Goddess Chandi, the presiding deity of the temple is regarded as the protectress of that area. From the architectural point of view the present temple of Chandital is not important as it is built in the middle of 20th century A.D. But the temple contains sculptures datable to early medieval period. The temple of Chandital is consisted of two structures such as vimana and jagamohana.

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Temple, Sacred, Goddess, Chandi, Presiding, Deity, Vimana , Jagamohana

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