Volume 12 | Issue 3

 Abstract

Financial Crisis push economies into a deep recession, causing turmoil and personal suffering. Sudden shocks that result in significant financial losses and misfortune are characteristics of them. Recognizing their historical importance is an important task for politicians,Investors and economists.This paper analyses the impact of financial crisis on market resilience and implement strategies so that future occurrences can be avoided

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market stability,volatility dynamics,financial crisis,market liquidity,investor sentiments,risk management practices

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R32, R134a, Ozone Depletion Potential, Global Warming Potential, Coefficient of Performance, Refrigeration Capacity

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Study habits are the ways that students study whether it can be systematic efficient or inefficient. It includes activities such as notemaking , reading , time management , and maintaining physical and mental well being. Study habits can impact the level of understanding and the ability to effectively prepare for tests. The particular research was undertaken to study about the "Study habits of undergraduate and post graduate girl students of Banaras Hindu University". This research was done to know about their study habits, aspirations, professions, interests, and problems faced by girl students in their study. Forward study, it is important from the point of youth because youth is the dream of the nation and flower of our country. The students of today are nation of tomorrow. On them depends our glory and prosperity. They have to shoulder the heavy responsibility of reconstructing our democratic country.

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patriotic , aspirations , prosperity , professions , democratic.

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"EFFECTIVENESS OF STP ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING CARE OF PATIENT WITH INTRA-AORTIC BALLOON PUMP (IABP) AMONG NURSES IN SELECTED HOSPITALS OF GUWAHATI, ASSAM: A PRE-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY." NEELIAM BANGSIA1, MITALI BARMAN2 1MSc.Nursing, Departmentof Medical Surgical Nursing (CTVS),Asian Institute of Nursing Education, North Guwahati, Assam, India 2Associate Professor, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Asian Institute of Nursing Education Guwahati, Assam, India Corresponding Author: Neeliam Bangsia ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is the most widely used temporary mechanical circulatory assist device for supporting failing circulation since its introduction by Kantrowitz and colleagues in 1960s. The IABP assists the heart indirectly by decreasing the afterload and augments diastolic aortic pressure with subsequent enhancement in diastolic blood flow resulting in better perfusion of the peripheral organ as well as a possible improvement in the coronary blood flow. IABP is an effective mean of supporting the failing circulation in patient, but it is also associated with complications - ischemia, injury to artery, rupture of the balloon, injury to kidney, low platelet count leading to bleeding, infection, stroke, catheter migration, compartment syndrome, aortic dissection and liver ischemia. Cardiovascular nurses caring for these patients require skills and knowledge that enable prompt recognition and treatment of sometimes life-threatening complications associated with balloon pump therapy. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY o To assess the level of pretest-posttest knowledge regarding care of patient with IABP among staff nurses in selected hospitals of Guwahati, Assam before and after administration of STP. o To determine the effectiveness of STP regarding care of patient with IABP by comparing the pretest and posttest level of knowledge among nurses in selected hospitals of Guwahati, Assam. o To find the association between the pre-test level of knowledge regarding care of patient with IABP, with selected demographic variables (age, professional qualification, total work experience, work experience in CTVS, any special training). METHODS AND MATERIALS Pre experimental one group pre-test post-test design was used to accomplish the objectives. Study was undertaken on 60 staff nurses working in CTVS ICU of selected hospitals of Guwahati, Assam by using non probability purposive sampling technique and quantitative approach was adopted to achieve the study objectives. Staff nurses were selected on the basis of inclusion criteria. Pre-test knowledge was checked using structured knowledge questionnaire. The post-test was conducted on the seventh day after the administration of STP in the same manner. RESULTS Out of 60 staff nurses, majority 30(50%) belongs to 21-25 years of age, 52(86.7%) were female, 39(65%) of the staff nurses were GNM, 29(48.3%) had one to five years of total working experience in CTVS ICU, 54(90%) have not attended any special training on care of patient with IABP and 42(70%) have not handled patient with IABP. In the pre-test knowledge, majority 31(51.67%) had moderately adequate knowledge with mean score of 16.56 (SD 4.58). In post-test knowledge, majority 37 (61.67%) had moderately adequate knowledge with a mean knowledge score of 21.66 (SD 3.32) and 23(38.33%) had adequate knowledge. The calculated value of paired 't' (13.089) was more than the tabulated value (1.64) at 0.05 level of significance which indicated that the STP regarding care of patient with IABP was effective in improving the knowledge of the staff nurses. CONCLUSION Based on the analysis of the findings of the study, the following inferences were drawn. There was evident increase in the knowledge after administration of structured teaching programme on care of patient with IABP. Thus it was proved that the structured teaching programme was an effective teaching method for creating awareness on importance of care of patient with IABP.

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Knowledge, Structured Teaching Program, IABP, CTVS ICU nurse

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INFLUENCING FACTORS OF NURSE-PHYSICIAN COLLABORATIVE RELATIONSHIP IN SELECTED HOSPITALS, GUWAHATI, ASSAM WITH A VIEW TO DEVELOP STRATEGIES TO ENHANCE COLLABORATIVE RELATIONSHIP: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY NEHA RAI1, MITALI BARMAN2 1MSc.Nursing, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing(CTVS), Asian Institute of Nursing Education, North Guwahati, Assam, India 2Associate Professor, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing(CTVS) , Asian Institute of Nursing Education North Guwahati, Assam, India Corresponding Author: Neha Rai ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Effective teamwork between healthcare professionals is recognized to be a critical element of patient safety and quality of care. Collaborative relationships between nurses and physicians in healthcare settings are crucial for optimizing patient care, promoting effective communication, ensuring resource efficiency, and facilitating shared decision-making. These relationships are essential for delivering high-quality, patient-centered care. These relationships are essential for delivering high-quality, patient-centered care. El Sayed and Sleem (2011) view collaboration as a partnership between both parties in a relationship.These authors defined collaboration "as the process of joint decision-making among independent parties, involving joint ownership of decisions and collective responsibility for outcomes".Collaboration in this definition involves not only partnership in the decisions made but also shared responsibility for the decisions made. OBJECTIVES: ? To identify the key influencing factors of nurse-physician collaborative relationship in selected hospitals, Guwahati, Assam. ? To develop strategies to enhance nurse-physician collaborative relationship in selected hospitals, Guwahati, Assam. ? To find association between levels of nurse-physician collaborative relationship with selected demographic variables. METHODS AND MATERIALS:The research approach adopted was quantitative approach. A non-experimental descriptive design was used in this study to accomplish the objectives. Study was undertaken on 154 nurses and 24 physicians of selected hospitals of Guwahati, Assam using Multistage Convenience sampling technique. The data were collected using semi-structured questionnaire on influencing factors of nurse-physician collaborative relationship. Self report was the technique used for it. RESULTS:The findings revealed that out of 154 nurses and 26 physicians, the demographic results shows that majority 82(45.6%) were in the age group of 21-25 years , 165(91.7%) were female, 120(66.7%) were GNM, 89(49.4%) had 1-5years of working experience, 150(83.3%) were unmarried, 60(33.3%) were working in Intensive care unit.Out of 154 nurses and 26 physician majority 172(95.56%) agreed to effective induction class, 61(33.89%) were uncertain to lack of recognition from organizational support factors , 146(81.11%) agreed in open communication from communication factors, 167(92.78%) agreed in cultural respect and valuing each other's contributions, , 95(52.78%) disagreed on blaming one another from mutual respect factors and 166(92.22%) agreed in effective teamwork, 106(58.89%) disagreed to ego from interpersonal relationship.The demographic variables gender (p=0.001), professional qualification (p=0.0001) and marital status (p=0.0001) had statistically significant association with influencing factors of collaboration between nurses-physician relationship at p<0.001 level. The demographic variable age (p=0.030) and total years of working experience (p=0.022) had statistically significantassociation with influencing factors of collaboration between nurses-physician relationship at p<0.05 level. CONCLUSION The present study showed that the level of nurses- physician collaborative relationship is highly influenced by the factors like effective induction class , open communication ,cultural respect and valuing each other's contribution and effective teamwork..The developed strategies based on the factors identified will help to build a positive nurse-physician collaborative relationship.

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Collaboration, nurse, physician, influencing factors

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An air handling unit is a device that distributes and conditions air throughout a building. HVAC systems need a combination of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and Good engineering practices (GEP). By automating an outdated HVAC system it is possible to operate the air conditioning in many zones and lower the power cost. Advanced technology like a sensors, automation and algorithms for machines learning may be integrated into smart HVAC system to enhance comfort, energy saving and overall performance.

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Automization, AHU, HVAC, Filters.

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In this paper, we have proposed one more estimation to find ideal responses for the fuzzy transportation problem. Here, situating technique is used to defuzzify the Hexagonal fuzzy numbers. This article gives framework that chops down the best game plan. The numerical model diagrams the authenticity of our proposed procedure.

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Transportation, Fuzzy, Optimality, Ranking, Hexagonal Fuzzy Numbers.

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It is true to say that the world is becoming complex and multifaceted day by day with rising tensions of deglobalization and ongoing wars. Survival and Profit making remains as one of the major concerns for various business houses across the nation and for that organizations are focusing on various techno-structural changes within the organization for better health. On the other hand, with the rising level of pollution, nurturing a green environment and crafting a green business is the call of the hour. Environmental consciousness now strikes us almost every day in the current times. Resource limitation concerns and environmental concerns did raise a question on the very concept of sustainable use of assets and pollution. (Wang and Song, 2014) Opinions were that developments pertaining to the economy and pollution reduction could not go hand in hand. Striking a proper balance between constant high consumption of resources in order to develop the economy and at the same time also thinking about eco-friendly environmental concerns is a challenge (Chan et al., 2012). The excessive consumption and usage of the non-renewable resources with an aim of speedy economic developments did adversely affect the environment and raised huge concerns (Atlin and Gibson, 2017). In the opinion of (Chen, 2008b; Chang, 2011) it is the manufacturing sector across the globe that is the highest waste producing sector. The very concept of Green Innovation can be further bifurcated into green products, green marketing, green processes, and green management that are focused and oriented towards eco-friendly initiatives and work practices like recycling, controlling the pollution emission levels at large (Seman et al., 2019). Gupta, R. (2011) in his study stated that the awareness level amongst the Indian customers are not that much aware about the eco-friendly products and its benefits. Moreover the Indian customers were very less aware about the initiatives taken by companies as such for the cause. Agarwal, Sutra Dh?r, S.P. and Agarwal, R. (2020) in their study found that the majority of the respondents in their study are moderately aware of the concept of Sustainability and Green Initiatives. Research gaps found in literature surveys were that very little study has been found which focused on organizations "Green Initiatives" practices with respect to Sustainability and what exactly they were doing to educate the mass population about "Green Products". Secondly, it has been found that the majority of the population in general only have moderate knowledge about the concept of Sustainability, Green Initiatives and Green Products. Research objectives for this study are set as to study the degree and extent of the various green initiatives practices with respect to sustainability practiced by major organizations and also to study the degree and extent of initiatives taken by the organizations to aware the mass populations regarding Green Initiatives and Sustainability. Research Methodology: This Qualitative study is based on secondary data. The secondary data were obtained from various journals, statements, newsletters and social media platforms. The paper will focus on the innovation and practices of the same in current business context. With respect to the same green initiatives of few organizations like Oracle, Hindustan Unilever, Reliance and Flipkart will be discussed in this chapter as to how these companies are balancing both development on one hand and environmental conscious initiatives on the other hand. Also how such initiatives are contributing towards overall business development which can be used for further study. Touching in brief upon the grave scenarios of textile wastes and used clothes disposal reality of the fast fashion consumer segment which is adversely affecting the environment

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Pollution, Resources, Innovation, Practices, Green Business, Sustainability.

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Our project is aimed to enhance the efficiency and durability of wind turbine blades while reducing their weight. Carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic materials are selected for their high strength-to-weight ratio and ease of manufacturing. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations will be conducted to analyze the aerodynamic performance of the blades, considering various wind speeds and angles of attack. Furthermore, the thermoplastic nature of the composites allowed for efficient manufacturing processes, contributing to cost-effectiveness and sustainability. This project will signify a promising avenue for advancing wind turbine technology, offering enhanced performance and reduced environmental impact.

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Turbine Blade, Carbon composites, FEA, fluid flow analysis

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This research explores the creation of biodiesel fuel from mahua oil, a plant-based source. The process focuses on a chemical reaction called transesterification. The paper examines factors like how much amount of biodiesel is produced. This esterification process transforms mahua oil into methyl esters, the key component of biodiesel. The resulting biodiesel boasts properties similar to diesel fuel, including flashpoint, viscosity, and density. Notably, the viscosity of neem biodiesel is close to regular diesel, while its energy output (calorific value) is about 15.38% lower. Overall, this study strengthens the case for mahua oil, a non-edible resource, as a practical alternative to diesel fuel.

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Mahua oil, Transesterification, Biodiesel, Sodium Hydroxide.

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This study delves into the risk and return profiles of prominent companies within the IT sector over the period 2019-2023. Amidst the dynamic landscape of the IT industry characterized by rapid technological advancements and intense competition, understanding the performance dynamics of companies is crucial for investors. Through a comparative analysis of companies including Redington, LTI Mindtree, Persistent, Oracle Finance Service, Coforge Ltd, HCL Tech, Sun Pharma, Larsen & Turbo, Infosys, and Wipro, this research aims to assess the variability of returns, identify contributing factors to stock price fluctuations, and evaluate the risk-return relationship in IT sector investments. Findings reveal diverse performance trends across the companies, with some demonstrating consistent growth while others exhibiting fluctuations. Insights drawn from these study aid stakeholders in comprehending the relative performance and volatility within the IT sector, facilitating informed investment decisions.

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Risk, Returns, Standard Deviations

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Gear transmission is a major form of power transmission, of which the reliability greatly affects the life of many mechanical devices. Gears have two main failure modes, namely tooth surface pitting and tooth root fracture. Tooth surface pitting is mainly due to excessive contact stress and tooth root fracture is mainly due to excessive bending stress. In spur gears, the maximum bending stress concentration is known to occur in the gear tooth fillet region. This study focuses on the geometric optimization of symmetric involute gears to alleviate stress concentrations near the fillet. Stress relief is achieved by incorporating strategically placed holes in the area between adjacent teeth. The size and location of these features are varied to reduce bending stresses, leading to increased load capacity, extended gear lifetime, reduced manufacturing costs, and minimized noise and vibration. CATIA V5 software are used to model spur gears and ANSYS software are used for geometric optimization process to achieve the desired stress distribution

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KEYWORDS: Spur Gear , Stress , CATIA V5, ANSYS

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This study focuses on producing and characterizing biodiesel derived from mahua (Madhuca longifolia) oil for sustainable energy applications. Mahua biodiesel was produced through transesterification using a base catalyst. The biodiesel's physical and chemical properties were analyzed and compared with ASTM standards. The study also investigates the potential of mahua biodiesel as an alternative fuel for diesel engines, considering its performance, combustion characteristics, and emission profiles. The results demonstrate that mahua biodiesel meets the required standards for biodiesel fuel properties and exhibits promising performance as a renewable and environmentally friendly fuel option for various energy applications.

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Mahua biodiesel, production, characterization, sustainable energy, alternative fuel, transesterification, diesel engine, performance, emissions

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This research paper investigates the healing performance of epoxy matrix carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites, focusing on their ability to self-repair structural damage. The study explores the potential of these composites to autonomously heal microcracks and delamination, which can occur during service conditions, thereby extending the operational lifespan of composite structures. Through a comprehensive literature review, various healing mechanisms in composite materials are examined, highlighting the significance of healing performance in enhancing material durability and reliability. Experimental methods are employed to assess the healing capabilities of the composites, including characterization techniques such as optical microscopy, mechanical testing. This test are performed by varying the GO content from 0% to 1%. Thus maximum amount of fracture load obtained at the 0.50%.The results provide insights into the effectiveness of different healing mechanisms and their influence on the mechanical properties of the composites. The findings of this study contribute to the understanding of self-healing materials and have implications for the development of advanced composite structures with improved damage tolerance and longevity.

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Epoxy, Carbon fiber, Graphene oxide, catalyst, peel ply.

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The research investigates the combustion characteristics of a 4-stroke VCR Diesel engine by adding zinc oxide nanoparticles and using flax seed oil as an alternate fuel. The experimental setup includes testing several fuel samples. These samples contain traditional diesel as well as the beneficial of adding zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) to B20-grade flaxseed oil biodiesel together with dispersion (Triton X) and surfactant (CTAB) additives. B20 with 50 ppm ZnO NPs (B1), B20 with 50 ppm ZnO NPs and 50 ppm surfactant (B2), and B20 with 50 ppm ZnO NPs and 50 ppm dispersant (B3) were the three different mixes that were made. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted to determine how various additions affected the stability and combustion properties of the biodiesel. While flaxseed oil biodiesel and zinc oxide nanoparticles were used, engine operating characters significantly improved. According to the performance parameters, after improvements were made to the combustion characteristics such as cylinder pressure (CP), Net heat release rate (NHRR), Mean gas temperature (MGT) rises by 1.2%, 2.98%, and 10.22%, respectively.

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Flaxseed oil, VCR Diesel Engine, Zinc Oxide nanoparticles, Combustion Characteristics, Alternative fuels.

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Inverter -are often needed at places where it is not possible to get AC supply from the mains. an inverter circuit is used to convert the dc power to ac power can be of two types True/pure sine wave inverters and quasi or modified inverters these true/pure sine wave inverters are costly while modified quasi-inverters are inexpensive. this modified inverter produced a sine wave and these are used to power delicate electronics equipment. here, a simple voltage driven inverter circuit using power IGBT as switching devices is build, which converts 12v dc signal to signal phase 220volt ac with the help of step-up transformer. The basic idea behind every inverter circuit is to produced oscillation using the given dc and apply this oscillation across the primary of the transformer by amplifying the current. This primary voltage is then stepped up to higher voltage higher voltage is then stepped up to higher voltage depending upon the number of turns in primary and secondary coils.

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Power Inverter; Dc/AC, sine wave; Oscillator; Transformer.

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This project explores the fabrication of composite materials using bamboo mat, jute fiber mat and epoxy resin focusing on improving mechanical properties by using TiO2. The process involves mixing epoxy resin with filler material and hardener, applying it onto PVC sheets fixed to metal plates, and layering bamboo mats soaked in the resin mixture. The composite is compressed using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM) to remove excess resin and achieve the desired thickness. After hardening, excess resin is machined off, and the composite is ready for tribological, mechanical, and physical testing. The method offers a straightforward approach for producing composite materials suitable for various engineering applications.

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Bamboo mats, jute fiber mat, Epoxy resin, Titanium dioxide, Resin infusion, wax ,ms plates.

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A reliable human recognition scheme is required in wide variety of systems to either verify or identify the identity of an individual requesting their services. Using traditional approaches such as possession based and knowledge based systems, it is very difficult to differentiate between an authorized person and an impostor. This is a strong reason for replacing traditional ID-based systems with biometric systems which are based on human traits that cannot be denied, stolen, or faked easily. Biometric recognition refers to the automatic recognition, based on physiological and /or behavioral characteristics of an individual. By using biometrics, it is possible to establish an individual's identity based on "who he or she is" rather than by "what he or she possesses likes smart card" or "what he or she remembers likes password." Human ear due to its consistent behavior over the age, has gained much popularity in recent years among various physiological biometric traits. The decidability index of the ear has been found that magnitude significant greater than that of face. Ear remarkably consistent and does not change its shape under expressions like face. The shape of the outer ear is recognized as a valuable means for personal identification. Naturally, an ear biometric system consists of ear detection and ear recognition modules. Ear biometric has played an important role for many years in forensic science and its use by law enforcement agencies.

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Physiological Characteristics

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Abstract: Of late, the landscape of education of students has been reportedly progressive and remarkably competitive. The knowledge they have gained is enormous with the help of various sources of information. Plenty of information is available at their fingertips. . But one of the most important factors the students need to concentrate is their employability skills. Many students struggle a lot to get job, not because of their lack of knowledge, but paucity of Employability Skills. Soft Skills are the part and parcel of employability skills. Nowadays, enhancing the employability skills with the help of e-learning is not only an absolute possibility but also a definite necessity. Almost every student accesses his/her study materials at the touch of the screen (smart phone). This paper describes the ways and means of enhancing the employability skills such as Job skills, Aptitude skills, Soft skills and Technical skills (JAST) through e-learning, which in turn increases the opportunity of getting employed or become the most sought after in the job market.

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Keywords: E-learning, Employability skills, Online, Soft skills, Student

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In this article, a new solar PV fed Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) based on Trans-Z-source Inverter (Trans ZSI) is proposed to improve the power quality of ongrid Photovoltaic (PV) systems. DVR is a power electronic compensator using for injecting the desired voltage to the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) as per the voltage disturbance. In the proposed DVR, in place of traditional VSI, Trans ZSI with outstanding merits of buck/boost, a broader range of voltage boost gain, fewer passive components, and lower voltage stress, is put forth. For efficient detection, accurate voltage disturbances mitigation, and also lessening the injected voltage harmonics, a hybrid Unit Vector Template with Maximum Constant Boost Control (UVT-MCBC) method is proposed for Trans ZSIDVR. The performance of the proposed Trans ZSI-DVR with UVT-MCBC has been analyzed under severe sag, slight sag with harmonics, swell, and interruption. The comparative studies and simulation results have shown the effectiveness of the proposed Trans ZSI-DVR, as opposed to traditional ZSI-DVR and VSI-DVR. The Trans ZSI-DVR in the PV system has mitigated voltage sag/swell/interruption. It has also improved the power quality of both the injected voltage to the PCC and PV system's output voltage.

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PV, DVR, Trans ZSI, voltage sag, voltage transient, THD

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