Volume 12 | Issue 3

 Abstract

This paper explores green retrofitting strategies for existing buildings, focusing on energy efficiency, water efficiency and indoor air quality. Through case studies, including commercial, residential buildings, it provides a comprehensive analysis of these strategies. Objectives include demonstrating energy efficiency structure, less consumption of water to improve indoor air quality, benefits, and challenges to enhance sustainability, and overall performance. The methodology involves rigorous case selection, energy modeling, water recycling analysis, indoor air quality assessments, economic analysis, and virtual/physical modeling. Expected outcomes comprise water efficiency assessments, energy efficiency improvements, indoor environmental quality enhancements, and contributions to Sustainable Development Goals. This research contributes valuable insights to sustainable building practices, fostering a more environmentally friendly built environment and addressing resource consumption and environmental impact challenges in the construction sector.

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energy efficiency, water conservation, indoor air quality, economic analysis,

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Important ideas examined in this study are resilience strengthening, self-efficacy, and confidence development. Self-efficacy, which has its roots in social cognitive theory, is the idea that one can successfully complete activities and reach objectives. This idea has a significant impact on resilience, behavior, and motivation in a variety of spheres of life. Self-efficacy principles, when understood and put into practice, enable people to identify constructive role models, create reasonable objectives, and persevere in pursuing their dreams. People may overcome obstacles in life with optimism and resiliency when they have faith in their own skills, which eventually leads to their reaching their full potential for happiness and success. Building self-efficacy provides useful techniques for personal development and accomplishment, empowering people to get through challenges, follow their dreams, and have fulfilling lives.. This study examines the interplay between self-efficacy, confidence-building, and resilience-enhancement, highlighting the importance of these concepts in promoting well-being and success in diverse life domains. Through empirical research and practical insights, this study provides valuable guidance for individuals seeking to enhance their self-efficacy and thrive in various aspects of life.

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Self-efficacy, Confidence, Resilience

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The demand for automobiles is rising each day on a global scale. Because of the lower cost of diesel oil compared to gasoline, more people own and operate private diesel vehicles than commercial ones. By 2030, it is anticipated that there will be 1300 million cars on the road. Emissions from fossil fuels contaminate the atmosphere, threatening air quality, the environment, and human health. Among these contaminants are Nox, HC, and CO. Researchers from all over the world concentrated on figuring out how to reduce pollution. Platinum and rhodium metals have been applied to catalytic converter (CC) monoliths in contemporary cars up until this point. These metals are pricey because they are rare. In the current investigation, ethanol alcohol and base metal catalysts like Al2O3, Ceo2, and Zeolite (Ze) are utilized to create slurry using ultrasonication technique, which is then applied to foils made of metal. After testing, it was discovered that, when compared to a mix of the A50C40Ze40-E130, the modified CC has the ability to lower hazardous emissions like HC, CO, and NOx by 50, 57.89, and 43.82%, respectively.

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CeO2, Zeolite, Aluminium oxide (Al2O3), Ethanol alcohol, catalytic converter

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In this paper Krishnarajendra Textile Mill case is discussed. This paper is based on secondary data. The positive and negative side of Krishnarajendra Textile Mill is mentioned. The statements given by different publishing house is Mention .The legal aspects regarding Krishnarajendra Textile Mill discussed. Some of the reasons lead to closer of Krishnarajendra Textile Mill is discussed.

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Krishnarajendra Textile Mill , legal aspects , labour problems etc.

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I hope that with the help of this paper, Farmer will increase his farming method and crop fertility. Process of flue gas desulfurization and use of gypsum, then production of the flue gas produces by the thermal power plant, by the desulfurization process we can control pollution and find out gypsum. Finally, use of gypsum in many areas and increases productivity and revolution in farming by this process of gypsum.

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FGD process, Farming process, pollution control, use gypsum in agriculture,

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This paper explores the landscape of health insurance, focusing on the opportunities it presents, the challenges it faces and the concerns surroundings its implementation and effectiveness. In order to guarantee that people have access to high-quality healthcare, health insurance is essential in populations. However, various factors such as rising healthcare costs, access disparities, regulatory complexities and evolving healthcare need pose significant challenges to the effective functioning of health insurance systems. By examining these opportunities, challenges and concerns, this paper aims to provide insight into potential avenues for improving health insurance coverage and delivery to enhance health outcomes and promote equity in healthcare access. An essential component of healthcare systems around all over the world, health insurance aims to give people access to medical care as well as financial security. This examines the challenges, consumers, and concerns related to health insurance.

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Health insurance, affordability, population health management, impact of healthcare reforms

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Vitamins and minerals are chemical molecules that our systems require in trace amounts for a range of metabolic functions. Basically, they keep us healthy and help our bodies function. Every second of the day, the body's cells undergo millions of chemical interactions. The cells are constantly processing the proteins, lipids, and carbs in food. Vitamins and minerals are key components of these chemical processes. They are required for the proper functioning of the organism. Vitamins and minerals have recently gained importance in clinical therapy and are now the preferred treatment for health complications. This review aims to focus on the role of magnesium and vitamin B-complex in clinical health, and how its deficiency affects our body and causes serious problems and the importance of foods that include magnesium and B-complex. Magnesium and B vitamin-based nutritional supplement. It is advised in cases of decreased intake or increasing need for them. Magnesium helps to reduce weariness and tiredness by balancing electrolytes and energy levels. Magnesium and B vitamins help to maintain a healthy psychological and physical state, minimize exhaustion and fatigue, and regulate energy metabolism.

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Magnesium, Deficiency, Vitamin, B-Complex, Food supplement, Food source.

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ABSTRACT This study primarily analysed the financial performance of ITC ltd for the period of 5 years from the financial year of 2018 to 2023.The data for this research has been collected from the official websites of ITC ltd and from the other journals. The collected data are analysed through the ratio analysis method. The profitability and liquidity performance of ITC ltd has been examined through the certain selected ratios like Net profit ratio, return on capital employed ratio, Asset turnover ratio, Current ratio, Quick ratio, Absolute quick ratio, Debt to equity ratio, total debt to total asset ratio. Although the information obtained for the study is not sufficient to analyse complete financial performance and its strategies. This study identified significant changes in financial performance strategies from year to year based on selected study data. This study helps in both short term and long term forecasting as well as growth can be identified through financial performance analysis.

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Keywords: ITC LTD, financial performance, ratios.

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Spirituality is concerned with the transcendent, sanctified, and non-material facets of life and the cosmos. This qualitative review research aims to understand the relationship between spirituality and its effect on mental health and also analyze the factors that contribute to it. Multiple research studies have shown the importance of spirituality in people's lives, attitudes, and actions. Research has shown that engaging in spiritual activities or being spiritually inclined can assist the mind invert and turning away from sensory objects, allowing the mind and ego to dissolve into an infinite state of happiness. This has been shown to have a favourable impact on mental health. An individual feels filled with love and is free from dread for what lies ahead. In addition, this allows an individual an opportunity to go beyond their zone of security and explore their own identity. As evidenced by different faiths like Buddhism, Jainism, Hinduism, Islam, Taoism, and other religions spirituality has a beneficial correlation with mental health. Spiritual activities like yoga, meditation, prayers, and other divine practices help people to concentrate all of their attention on life's positive aspects. It also instills in people the virtue of righteousness and an altruistic appreciation for the commitment to the well-being of others. Researchers also reveal that spirituality unites people because, despite our of differences and individuality, the truth is the same for everyone. This paper further explores how people come together through a variety of celebrations and customs which helps foster a feeling of solidarity and camaraderie. Spirituality is seen to improve mental health by bringing various religious communities together to celebrate different festivals and rituals and by promoting behaviour that improves mental health.

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Transcendent, happiness, yoga, prayer, meditation, virtue, righteousness, altruistic appreciation

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With rapid growth of industries and other anthropogenic activities, chances of direct or indirect contamination of soil, water and air by metallic wastes are increasing day-by-day (Sivakami et al., 2015). Most of these heavy metals, such as, arsenic, lead, chromium, cadmium, mercury, selenium, etc. are toxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic in nature even at low concentration. Being highly potent environmental pollutants, their removal from the medium becomes a necessity for well- being of the biotic components of the environment (Singh et al., 2020). Different physical, chemical and biological methods adopted for removal of heavy metals from the medium have been reported (Yadav et al., 2018). Among them, biological method using cyanobacterium have been widely studied. Cyanobacterium and other algal cells have been reported to be helpful in removal of heavy metals via biosorption, bioaccumulation and biotransformation (Jyoti Priya et al., 2019; Chen et al., 2023).

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nostoc carneum, cyanobacterium

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Cyber crime has grown with the internet as an apparatus to unlawful ends like frauding, trafficking in child predator and belonging, burglary or violating privacy. Internet is became the habit of everyone in today's life. Internet has everything that you want in day to day life. Computer has very much become the central to commerce, entertainment and government. First Worldwide adoption of computers is United States and early most of victims and offenders of cybercrime were Americans. The foremost of the cyber crime is associate in nursing attack on information concerning people, companies and government. Cyber crime ranges from a broad spectrum of activities. At one aspect crime that involve basic breaches of private or company privacy . Another side are crime that involves individual with corporations or government bureaucracies for profit or political objectives. Cybercrime also ranges from spam, hacking and threats against specific sites to act of cyber terrorism. To prevent from all type of cyber crime the branch name cyber security is made to protect all the network and system from the cyber attack. India does not have a separate dedicated cyber law, it comes under the criminal law of India. In a Democratic country like India everybody has their right to freedom in some way all the citizens has the correct to web or liberty to attach. Right to internet is directly associated with the Human Rights. International human rights makes balance between the crime management and respect for rights of human. The expanding realm of cybercrimes involves offences like cyberstalking, fraud,cyberbullying, phishing or spamming but also extends to the violation of intellectual property rights (IPR). These infringements involve online theft of copyright material, trademarks, trade secrets , audios, videos and service marks through illicit methods such as hyperlinking, framing, meta-tagging.

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Trafficking, Company privacy, Cyber Terrorism, Hacking, Human Rights, Intellectual Property Rights

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India has a largest population in the World and the most dynamic democracy in the world. In light of the aforementioned perspective, it can be noted that elections play an indispensible role in maintaining the substance and essence of democracy. Electoral reforms were introduced by the NDA-BJP led Government through the Finance Bill, 2017 with the view that it was an effective tool for cleaning of political funding. However, the anonymity of the donors, the amendment to section 182 of the Companies Act, 2013 inter alia other factors points towards the gloomy side of Indian politics. In this paper will analyze the correlation or nexus between the hidden agenda of introducing electoral reforms and their impact on a healthy democracy.

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Key wards: Eectoral Bonds Systel, Political Financing, Denomination, anonymous donations, RTI, Electoral reforms, Companies Act 1956, Unknown Income Sources.

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The Lemongrass (Cymbopogon genus), encompassing various herbs renowned for their abundant essential oil content, has been extensively utilized worldwide for both commercial and medicinal purposes. Among these, Lemongrass oil, derived from Cymbopogon citratus, stands out for its ethno-botanical significance and therapeutic potential. Rich in properties such as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, lemongrass oil has garnered attention for its multifaceted benefits. With mosquitoes being vectors for debilitating and deadly diseases like malaria and dengue fever, the need for effective repellents is paramount. While synthetic compounds like DEET dominate the market, lemongrass has emerged as a traditional alternative due to its historical use as a mosquito repellent. Originating from regions in Asia and Australia, Lemongrass is cultivated globally, thriving in warm, tropical climates. Its cultivation requires specific conditions including suitable soil pH and ample sunlight. The plant's morphology, characterized by linear leaves and a citrusy fragrance, contributes to its distinct appearance and aroma. Lemongrass essential oil, extracted through steam distillation, boasts a complex composition of phytochemicals such as citral, geraniol, limonene, and linalool, each contributing to its therapeutic properties. The studies have explored Lemongrass's pharmacological actions, revealing its potential in combating inflammation, filarial infections, diarrhea, and microbial diseases. Its aroma also finds application in relieving respiratory issues and headaches. Despite promising findings, further research is necessary to elucidate its mechanisms of action and establish recommended dosages. In conclusion, Lemongrass emerges as a versatile botanical with significant implications for public health, particularly in mosquito control and disease prevention. Its rich chemical composition, coupled with its historical significance and pharmacological actions, positions it as a valuable asset in both traditional and contemporary medicine. However, caution is advised, especially regarding dosage and safety considerations, underscoring the importance of consulting healthcare professionals before its medicinal use.

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Lemongrass, Cymbopogon citratus, essential oil, phytochemicals, pharmacological actions, mosquito repellent, traditional medicine, public health

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Preferences for Readymade and Tailored Garments amongst Sharda Exports Professionals

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This research project is made to make easier for professional to create invoicing, filing and managing client with one click.

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CRM , My Sql,Laravel,

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The study's goal was to find out how well the cardiac rehabilitation plan worked on activity tolerance, certain physiological parameters (heart rate (HR) and electrocardiogram (ECG)), and quality of life in Dr. Prem Hospital Panipat patients who had recently undergone CABG surgery. This study's main ideas come from Sister Calista Roy's Adaptation Model, which is made up of four ideas: the person, nursing, health, and surroundings. Methodology: To test a goal, a quantitative research method is used. This study uses a quasi-experimental research design to find out how well a cardiac rehabilitation plan works. It does this by using a quasi-experimental nonequivalent Pretest Post Test control group design. The study took place at Dr. Prem Hospital. For the study, 60 people who had CABG surgery were chosen: 30 were in the experimental group and 30 were in the control group. They were all brought to the cardiothoracic surgery department. The study used a method called "total enumerative sampling." Demographic and clinical variables, the Duke Activity Status Index, heart rate, an ECG, and the SF 36 questionnaire are all used to gather data. Also, written permission was asked for. The method used was total enumerative selection. This cardiac rehabilitation scheme checked in on people who had CABG surgery once a week. On the fifth day after surgery, both the experimental group and the control group took a pre-test in the post-operative room of the cardiothoracic department. Thirty of them were put in the training group and thirty were put in the control group. The intervention group got cardiac rehabilitation for three days in a row through a planned training programme and demonstration. They were told what to do and were urged to do it over the phone. Before 30 and 60 days, changes were measured in both groups' exercise tolerance, physiological parameters (heart rate ECG), and quality of life. The standardised tools were used, and the material was approved by experts. The Cronbach alpha method was used to check the reliability of the tools. Before the samples were used to collect data, the Duke activity status index was used to measure activity tolerance and the SF-36 questionnaire was used to measure quality of life. For heart rate.9, the inter rater method ECG-.75 was used. The control group had an activity tolerance score of 45.47 + 4.883 on the post-test, which is the mean and standard deviation. The average and range of exercise tolerance levels in the control group during the post-test were 25.23 + 8.169, and the score for the independent 't' test was 12.045 for 58 degrees of freedom. The 'p' number was less than 0.001, which means it was probably real. To compare the experimental group and the control group, the quality of life score after the test was 50.4 + 9.676 for the experimental group and 30.8 + 5.372 for the control group. The independent 't' test score was 9.700 for the degree of freedom 58. At a 'p' value of less than 0.001, it was statistically significant(p value less than 0.001). Based on the study, it can be said that a mix of interventions, such as teaching, showing exercises, giving out pamphlets about cardiac rehabilitation, and phone calls to encourage people to stick with it can increase adherence to cardiac rehabilitation, which in turn improves activity tolerance and quality of life.People who went through a cardiac rehabilitation course will not get sick again or have to go back to the hospital.It makes people more likely to follow through with their therapy treatment.

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Effectiveness, cardiac rehabilitation programme, activity tolerance, selected physiological parameters, Heart rate, Electro cardio gram and quality of life CABG surgery patients

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This innovative project addresses the growing need for efficient healthcare solutions by introducing a Human Sound-Based Diseases Detection System. Leveraging advanced machine learning techniques and signal processing, the system aims to diagnose respiratory conditions like asthma, COVID-19, tuberculosis, and obstructive diseases through the analysis of audio data converted into spectrogram images. The methodology involves utilizing the Librosa library for audio preprocessing, employing the Dense Net architecture for model training, and discussing the selected database's pivotal role. Results indicate the CNN's impressive accuracy improvement from 0.3 to 0.99 during 20 epochs, highlighting the system's ability to make accurate predictions. The discussion emphasizes the need for further validation, consideration of potential biases, and exploration of additional metrics to enhance the system's applicability in non-invasive disease detection

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Asthma, Tuberculosis, obstructive, covid-19, Librosa library, CNN.

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In this study an attempt has been made to establish the differential action of high temperature on photosynthetic electron transport mediated by either PS-II or PS- I or both in Maize thylakoids after giving high temperature treatment to primary leaves. The increase in the temperature from 250C-450C cause inhibition in PS-II catalysed electron transport. The possible reason for the loss of PS-II catalysed electron transport could be depletion of manganeese from water oxidation complex. In contrary high temperature induced enhancement in PS-I catalysed electron transport due to opening of new site to donate electrons before plastocyanin by reduced DCPIP. Thus high temperature exerts differential effect on PS-II as well as PS-I in Maize plants.

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Chlorophyll, Electron transport, Photo system, Maize plants.

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Pedagogical practices are the practices that teachers need to be well-aware of in promoting student learning. The major factors that need to be put into practice in shaping pedagogical practices are, reflections, documentation , learning and research. The current empirical study delves into the pedagogical practices of Social Science teachers with special reference to their pedagogy, Teaching Learning Practices (TLPs) and digitalization in the State of Telangana. The research employs an empirical approach which is qualitative and the study cohort comprised 350 Social Science teachers from Mahbubnagar district of Telangana State. The instrument is a self-developed questionnaire based on Likert five point scale. The data was analyzed using t-test. The main findings of the study indicate that there exists a significant difference in the pedagogical practices of Social Science teachers with regard to their pedagogy, Teaching Learning Practices (TLPs) and digitalization. The study reflects certain educational implications for teachers, Heads of Institutions and also for implementing authorities. Directions for further research were also portrayed succinctly.

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Pedagogical Practices, Social Science teachers, Empirical study, Teaching Leanring Material (TLM) , digitalization.

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In recent years, machine learning techniques have revolutionized the field of computer vision, particularly in the detection of gender and age from visual data. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of two popular machine learning models, Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), for gender and age detection tasks. The study evaluates the performance of SVM and CNN algorithms on diverse datasets and assesses their effectiveness in real-world applications such as advertising, security, healthcare, and surveillance. Results indicate that CNN-based approaches generally outperform SVM in terms of accuracy and robustness, owing to their ability to automatically learn hierarchical features from raw image data. However, SVM models exhibit advantages in computational efficiency and interpretability. The findings underscore the significance of gender and age detection in various domains, including personalized advertising, enhanced security measures, and improved healthcare diagnostics and treatments. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on leveraging machine learning advancements for societal benefit and underscores the importance of choosing appropriate algorithms for specific applications in gender and age detection.

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Machine Learning, Convolutional Neural Network, Gender Classification, Age Classification, Support Vector Machine

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition